2022年牛津上海版中考英語專題復(fù)習(xí)教案-被動語態(tài)（學(xué)生版）

授課日期授課時段授課主題被動語態(tài)教學(xué)目標(biāo)熟練掌握被動語態(tài)的基本概念和結(jié)構(gòu)教學(xué)重難點被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成以及特殊用法教學(xué)內(nèi)容被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)【知識梳理1】語態(tài)的基本概念：概念：語態(tài)是表示句子中主語和謂語動詞之間的關(guān)系的術(shù)語。英語中只有兩個語態(tài)：主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。主動語態(tài)表示主語是謂語動詞動作的執(zhí)行者，被動語態(tài)表示主語是謂語動詞動作的承受者。主動語態(tài)主動語態(tài)——動作執(zhí)行者；被動語態(tài)——動作承受者例：Ihavereturnedthemagazinestothelibrary.Themagazineshavebeenreturnedtothelibrary.Thestudentscleanedtheirclassroomafterschooleveryday.Theclassroomiscleanedbythestudentsafterschooleveryday.【鞏固練習(xí)】()1.It’sterribletohearthatsomestudents_____whentheytookaschoolbus.A.killed B.arekilled C.werekilled D.havekilled()2.Ifallbusinessesgopaperless,atleastonemilliontonsofpaper______.A.willsave B.issaved C.willbesaved D.saves()3.InsomeEnglishclasses,picturesareused______thestudentslearnnewwords.A.tohelp B.tohelping C.forbeinghelped D.forhavinghelped()4.Themistakesinthereport______bythegroupleadersafterclass.A.willbecorrected B.iscorrectedC.corrected D.havecorrected()5.Don’tworry,yourpackage_______hereuntilyoucomeback,soenjoyshoppinghere.A.kept B.waskeeping C.hasbeenkept D.willbekept【知識梳理2】被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成1.被動語態(tài)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)：be+動詞的過去分詞(done)Nowadaysnewtaxiapps(打車軟件)areusedtohelppeopletravelaroundmoreeasily.Thecherrytreeiscutdownbymyfather.2.各種時態(tài)的主動、被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)：時態(tài)主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時do/doesam/is/are+done一般過去時didwas/were+done現(xiàn)在進行時am/is/are+doingam/is/are+beingdone現(xiàn)在完成時have/has+donehave/has+beendone一般將來時will/shall/begoingto+dowill/shall/begoingto+bedone過去進行時Was/were+doingwas/were+beingdone過去完成時had+donehad+beendone過去將來時would/should/begoingto+dowould/should/begoingto+bedone含有情態(tài)動詞can/may/must+docan/may/must+bedone【鞏固練習(xí)】1.TheheadmasterpraisedBenforhishonesty.(改為被動語態(tài)）Ben__________________forhishonesty_________theheadmaster.2.Thefiremenareusinglongladdersforrescuingpeopleintallbuildings.(改為被動語態(tài))Longladders_________________________forrescuingpeopleintallbuildingsbythefiremen.3.MotherwillbuyJackanewshirt.(改為被動語態(tài)）Anewshirt_________________________JackbyMother.4.Youhadbettertakethewoundedsoldierstohospitalatonce.(改為被動語態(tài)）Thewoundedsoldiershadbetter__________________tohospitalatonce.5.Theadultstellthechildrennottoswiminthatdeepriver.(改為被動語態(tài)）Thechildren__________________nottoswiminthatdeepriver.【知識梳理3】主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換1.主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)①要將主動句里的賓語變?yōu)楸粍泳渲械闹髡Z，若主動句中的賓語是人稱代詞，要將賓格變成主格。②把主動句中的主語變?yōu)楸粍泳渲械馁e語，主格代詞變成賓格代詞，并由by引導(dǎo)。③謂語動詞變成相應(yīng)的被動形式。主動語態(tài)：主語+謂語動詞+賓語（執(zhí)行者）（承受者）被動語態(tài)：主語+be+過去分詞（+by+執(zhí)行者）（承受者）WeaskedhimtosinganEnglishsong.HewasaskedtosinganEnglishsongbyus.帶雙賓語的謂語動詞變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)①謂語動詞帶雙賓語時，既可以將間接賓語轉(zhuǎn)化成主語，也可以將直接賓語轉(zhuǎn)化成主語；②若將間接賓語轉(zhuǎn)化成主語，則保留直接賓語；③若將直接賓語轉(zhuǎn)化成主語則保留間接賓語，且在被保留的間接賓語前加上介詞to或for；Shegavemeabook.(變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài))Iwasgivenabookbyher.（間接賓語me改為了主語）Abookwasgiventomebyher.（直接賓語abook改為了主語）3.動詞短語變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)動詞短語用于被動語態(tài)時，動詞短語應(yīng)當(dāng)看作一個整體，不可丟掉后面的介詞或副詞。Wecan’tlaughathim.→Hecan’tbelaughatbyus.Helistenstotheradioeveryday.→_________________________________________.Thenurseistakingcareofthesickman.→___________________________________.4.帶賓語補足語的被動語態(tài)賓語后若有賓補，變被動語態(tài)時，只把賓語變?yōu)楸粍泳涞闹髡Z，賓語補足語保留在原處，成為主語補足語。IheardJaneplayingthepianoinherroom.Janewasheardplayingthepianoinherroom.一、單項選擇：()1.Manytreesandflowers_________inourcityeveryyear.A.planted

B.areplanted

C.wereplanted

D.plants()2.TheSpringFestival_________inJanuaryorFebruary.A.celebrates

B.iscelebrated

C.celebrated

D.wascelebrated()3.Myfather____________togiveaspeechatthemeetingyesterday.A.askedB.wasaskedC.asksD.hasasked()4.Morenewclassroombuildings_________inourschoolinthenextfewyears.A.willbebuilt B.wasbuilt C.hasbuilt D.willbuild()5.Theoldmanmovedheretolivewithhissonfiveyearsago,sohe_________thelifehere.usedto B.isusedto C.isn’tusedto D.usednotto()6.Itwillbetwodaysbeforethedecision_________.hasmade

B.willbemade

C.wasmade

D.ismade()7.-Haveyoumovedintoyournewflat,Mr.Smith?-Notyet,therooms________nextmonth.A.arepainted B.arepainting C.willpaint D.willbepainted()8.Atlasttheboywasmade_________andbegantolaugh.A.stopcrying

B.tostoptocry

C.tostopcrying

D.stoptocry()9.Thechildren_______bythefunnyperformanceinShanghaiCircusWorld.A.attract B.attracted C.areattracting D.wereattracted()10.Softdrinks_________tochildrenforfreeinsomerestaurantsonChildren'sDay.A.

offer

B.haveoffered

C.areoffered

D.willbeoffered句型轉(zhuǎn)換Wemustdosomethingtomeetthestudents'needandinterests.（改為被動語態(tài)）Somethingmust__________________tomeetthestudents'needandinterests.Mrs.Greenmovedmostoftheflowerpotsintothehouselastnight.(改為被動語態(tài))Mostoftheflowerpots__________________intothehousebyMrs.Greenlastnight.Peopleshouldtakegoodcareoftheagedeverywhere.(改為被動語態(tài))Theagedshould__________________goodcareofeverywhere.IwastoofrightenedtothinkclearlyafterIheardaterriblesound.(保持句意基本不變)Iwas_______frightened_______IcouldhardlythinkclearlyafterIheardaterriblesound.Tomfeltveryconfidenttogivebriefself-introductionatthebeginningofthemeeting.(改為感嘆句)________________Tomfelttogiveabriefself-introductionatthebeginningofthemeeting!TheybuiltanotherbridgeacrosstheYangtzeRiverlastyear.(改為被動語態(tài))Anotherbridge__________________acrosstheYangtzeRiverlastyear.被動語態(tài)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)：________________________________________主動語態(tài)與被動語態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)化:主動語態(tài)：主語+謂語動詞+賓語（執(zhí)行者）（承受者）被動語態(tài)：主語+be+過去分詞（+by+執(zhí)行者）（承受者）Choosethebestanswer()1.Whichofthefollowingunderlinedpartsisdifferentinpronunciation?A)achieveB)arrestC)admitD)ancient()2.Ifyoudon’thelp_____,Ican’tfinishtheworkintime.A)IB)myC)meD)mine()3.I’lltake______closelookatmycar.Somestrangenoisecomesfromthefrontwheel.A)aB)anC)theD)/()4.TomSawyergaveBenhisbrush_______worryonhisfacebutjoyinhisheart.A)ofB)aboutC)withD)over()5.Becauseoftheheavystorm,very______flightscouldarriveontime.LittleB)fewC)alittleD)afew()6.Withtheeffortofthegovernment,we’llhave_____reasontobelievethattheproblemofair-pollutionwillbesolved.A)someB)everyC)eachD)other()7.Mostpeoplehave_____whenitcomestosavemoney.Perhapsit’sforahouse,acaroreducation.A)goalsB)tasksC)suggestionsD)ambitions()8.Totellyouthetruth,thephysicsteacherdoesn’texplaintheproblemas___asheusedto.A)clearB)clearlyC)moreclearlyD)mostclearly()9.Mrs.Smithsometimesfelt_____afterherchildrenallmovedawayA)happilyB)angrilyC)sadlyD)lonely()10.Iknewitwasonlyamodel,_______itlookedveryreal.A)andB)butC)soD)or()11.___theyfollowedthemap,theycouldn’tfindthesmallvillageeasily.A)AlthoughB)WhenC)UntilD)While()12.--Don’tyouthinkherradioistoonoisy?-Yeah.I’llgoandaskherto______.turnitupB)turnitonC)turnitoverD)turnitdown二、Completethefollowingpassagewiththewordsorphrasesinthebox.EachcanonlybeusedonceA）projectB)situationC)terribleD)wholeB)worriedA）projectB)situationC)terribleD)wholeB)worriedDoyouknowwhereyourfoodcomesfrom?Doestheporkyoueatcomefrompigsthatlivedingoodconditions?Doesthechickenyoubuycomefromfree-rangechickens?Thesedays,ethical(倫理的)eatingisgettingpopularasmanyfamouspeoplearehelpingtopromoteit.Someanimalsliveinvery（1）______conditions.Hundredsofchickensstayinacage,pigshavetoliveinspacesthatarenotbigenoughforthemtoturnaroundin,andcowsarekeptindarkenedplacesforthe（2）_____oftheirunnaturallives.Nowmoreandmorepeopleare（3）_____abouttheconditionsoflivestockanimals.JamieOliver,aBritishchef,tookpartina（4）______focusingonpigs.TheSaveOurBaconCampaignshowedthepublicwhatpigfarmingislike.Healsoquestionedtheactualqualityofthemeatfromthesefarms.1.__________2.___________3.___________4.____________AaffectsB)attentionC)effectsD)activeE)realizeAaffectsB)attentionC)effectsD)activeE)realizeEnglishsingerandsongwriterPaulMcCartneyhasbeenan（5）promoterofvegetarianism(素食主義).Hegaveupmeatinthemid1970s.HiswifeLindawrotevegetariancookbooks.Paulandhisdaughters,designerStellaandphotographerMary,startedtheir“Meat-freeMonday”campaignandcallonpeopletostopeatingmeatonceaweek.TVchefHughWhittingstallstartedacampaigncalledChickenout!Hewantedtomakethepublic（6）howbadtheconditionsareforfactory-farmedchickens.ThefilmTheEndoftheLinelookedatthefishingindustry.Itistheworld’sfirstfilmonthistopic.Itshowsthatoverfishing（7）thebalanceoflifeintheoceans.EnglishactorRichardEGrant,andfilmdirectorTerryGilliamappearedinadvertisementstopromotethisfilm.Hopethesecampaignswilldraw（8）toeatingethicallyandsavingnature.__________6.___________7.___________8.____________三、Complete

the

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the

given

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in

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1.Johnlivesonthe______floor,twofloorshigherthanme.(five)2.Thebird’slargewings______ittoflyveryfast.(able)3.Manyitemsinour______usearemadeofplastic.(day)4.Doyouthinkthatafter-school______aregoodforthechildren’sfuture?(activity)5.Overtheyearsthecavewallhasbeenshapedbytherunningstream,anditlookslikea______waterfall.(freeze)6.Perhapsparentscouldlettheirchildrendecidefor______iftheywanttohaveanyafter-schoolhomework.(they)7.The______kidslearntobeindependent,thebetteritisfortheirfuture.(early)8.Ithinktheywill______themeetingwellnextmonth.(organization)四、Completethefollowingsentencesasrequired1.MymotheralwayshasalotofhouseworktodoonSundays.(改為一般疑問句)______yourmother______lotofhouseworktodoonSundays?2.WiththehelpoftheGPS,manydriverscandrivehereandthereeasily.(對劃線部分提問)_____________manydriversdrivehereandthereeasily?Wouldyouliketostartanewhobbywhenyougotoanothercountry?(保持句意基本不變)Wouldyouliketo_______________anewhobbywhenyougotoanothercountry?Tomfeltveryconfidenttogivebriefself-introductionatthebeginningofthemeeting.(改為感嘆句)________________Tomfelttogiveabriefself-introductionatthebeginningofthemeeting!Scientistswillinventmoreamazingmaterialstosaveourlives.(改為被動語態(tài))Moreamazingmaterialswill_________________tosaveourlivesbyscientists.IwastoofrightenedtothinkclearlyafterIheardaterriblesound.(保持句意基本不變)Iwas_______frightened_______IcouldhardlythinkclearlyafterIheardaterriblesound.receive,you,fromthehost,aninvitation,can(連詞成句)__________________________________________________________________.ReadingcomprehensionChoosethebestanswerAskAngelaManynewspapershaveanadvicepage.SodoestheschoolnewspaperofXinhanMiddleSchool.AngelaWangistheeditorresponsibleforthepage.Studentsliketowritetoherforadvice.DearAngela,IamhavinganissuewithmyChemistryteacher.Sheissupernicetomyclassmatesbutbehavescompletelydifferentlytowardsme.SheblamesmeforthingsIdidn’tdo.WhatshouldIdo?MikeDearMike,Inasituationlikethis,you’dbetterspeaktotheteacherdirectly.Thisway,youcanunderstandwhyshehasadifferentattitudetowardsyou.Ourpersonalbias（偏見）mightinfluenceourthoughtsaboutotherpeople.Makesurethewayyoufeeltheteachertreatsyouisn’tinfluencedbyanybias.AngelaDearAngela,MyparentsandIhavebeenfightingalotrecently.I'm16,buttheystilltreatmelikeakid.Mymomcallsme20timesifIdon’tgethomebefore7p.m.Itriedtalkingtothemaboutthis,buttheyneverchange.WhatcanIdo?JimDearJim,Beingangryandstandingagainstyourparentswillnotsolvetheproblem.Trycommunicatingwiththemfromtheirpointofview.Makealistofthingsyouwishtodoandanotherlistofyourparents’possibleconcernsaboutthem.Letyourparentsknowyouhavelearnedtoberesponsibleforyourself.AngelaDearAngela,I’m16andIwanttoleaveschoolthisyear.MyparentssayitistooearlyandthatIshouldbetryingtogetintohighschool.IwanttoworkatMcDonald’s.ThenIcanstartearningmoneytobuythings.JaneDearJane,Yourparentsareright.Itwouldbebetterifyoucancompleteasmuchofyoureducationaspossible.Realindependencewon'tcomefromearning150yuanaweek.Itwillcomefromthequalifications（資歷、學(xué)歷）andexperiencethatyouwouldgainbystayingatschoolforacouplemoreyears.Angela1.Mikedoesn’tgetalongwellwithhis____________.A)parentsB)classmatesC)chemistryteacherD)friends2.Angelathinks_________mightinfluenceourthoughtsaboutotherpeople.A)ourpersonalityB)ourattitudesC)ourpersonalhabitsD)ourpersonalbias3.Both_______and________are16yearsold.A)Angela,MikeB)Mike,JimC)Jim,JaneD)Jane,Mike4.Jimandhisparents__________eachother.A)aren’tsatisfiedwithB)aren’tproudofC)aren’tresponsibleforD)aren’tworriedabout5.AccordingtoAngela,__________isagoodwaytosolveJim’sproblem.A)standingbythesideofparentsB)helpingparentswiththehouseworkC)communicatingwithparentsfromtheirpointofviewD)makingalistofthingsparentswishtodo6.InAngela’sopinion,realindependencecomesfrom_________.A)leavingschoolearlyB)earning150yuanaweekC)workingatMcDonald’sD)gettingmoreeducationfromschoolChoosethebestanswerandcompletethepassageAroadisabridgebetweentwoplaces.TheSilkRoadhasbeenabridgebetweenEastandWestformorethan2,000years.ButdidyouknowthattheSilkRoadisnota___1_____route?Itisactuallyaseriesoftradeandculturetransmission(傳送)routes.ItstartedtotakeshapeduringtheWesternHanDynasty.ThetraderoutestartedfromthecityofXi’aninShanxiProvinceand____2____inEasternEurope,neartoday’sTurkeyandtheMediterraneanSea.TheSilkRoadwasabout6,500kilometerslong.Itwentacrossone-fourthoftheplanet.TheSilkRoadgotitsname___3____Chinesesilkusedtobecarriedalongthisroad.Inadditiontosilk,jade,teaandironalsowentwestoRome.FromtheWestcameglass,gems,andfoodslikecarrotsandsesame.TheSilkRoadwasveryimportantobothChinaand____4____theworld.Inadditiontotrade,knowledgeaboutscience,artsandliterature,aswellascraftmanshipandtechnology,wassharedacrosstheSilkRoad.Inthisway,languagesandcultures____5____andinfluencedeachother.Today,varioushistoricalsitesalongtheSilkRoadarepopulartraveldestinations,__6_____theterracottaWarriors（兵馬俑）inXi’anandMogaoGrottoes（莫高窟）inDunhuang,Gansu.Anewtrainline,theNewOrientExpress,isrunningfromBeijingacrosstheA)simple B)single C)short D)straightA)got B)lasted C)ended D)reachedA)beforeB)becauseC)unless D)untilA)therestofB)one-fourthofC)thehalfofD)anotherpartofA)discussedB)delivered C)developedD)designedA)aswellasB)asfamousas C)forexample D)suchasReadthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwordsLookatyourhandsandyouwilllearnalotaboutyourself.Accordingtorecentstudies,ifyou’relookingforapersonalitytest,looknofurthert__1_______yourownhands-morespecifically,yourindexfingerandringfinger.Toseewhatyourfingerssayaboutyou,nowpleasestraightenoutyourlefthand.Ifyourringfingerislongerthanyourindexfinger,thatmeansyouarecharming.Youaregoodatsports,e____2_____runningandfootball.Youmayalsobeinterestedinmembers-basedsubjectslikem___3_____andphysics.Somemightsayyoucanbeabitaggressive(好斗的),butifyouknowwhatyouwant,whydon’tyougoforit?YouridealjobwouldbesoldierorCEO.Ifyourindexfingerislongerthanyourringfinger,thatmeansyouareanaturalleader.Youmaybemoreinterestedinsubjectsbasedonwords,suchaslanguageandliterature.Indifficultsituations,youareconfidenttog___4____thewayandpeoplelooktoyoufortherightanswers.Youwouldbepoliticianorteacher.Ifyourringandindexfingerarethesamel____5____,thatmeansyou’reagoodcommunicator.Youmayfindthatpeoplealwaystellyoutheirdeepests__6____,evenifyoudon'tknowthemverywell.You’reabalancedpersonwhotendstolistentwiceandspeakonce,andpeoplearedrawntothat.Youmakeothersfeelcomfortedwhentheyneeditmost.You’reatyourbestwhenhelpingothers.Yourp__7_____jobwouldbenurseorsocialworker.t_______2.e________3.m_______4.g________5.l_________6.s_______7.p_______D.AnswerthequestionsMichaelJordan(born1963)isoneofthegreatestbasketballplayersofalltime.However,hehimselfadmitsthatithasn’tbeeneasy.Inafamousadver