山大網(wǎng)絡(luò)教育英語三

SHANDONGFORNON-ENGLISHMAJORSOFCONTINUINGEDUCATIONI.VocabularyandStructureThereare30questionsinthissection.Foreachofthequestions,thereare4choicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.ChoosetheONEthatbestanswersthequestion.1.Isthecitynoteditschampagne?A.in B.about C.on D.for2.Everyoneblamesyouacertainmistake.A.on B.for C.in D.against3.TheMississippiRivercarriesgreatamountsoffinesandandsiltintotheGulfofMexicosouthofNewOrleans.A.collections B.mounds C.reserves D.quantities4.Inarithmetic,anumberstandsforthesizeofasetofthings.A.measures B.estimates C.cancelsD.represents5.ThetheoryofplatetectonicsprovidedscientistswithaframeworkforunderstandinghowandwhythevariousfeaturesoftheEarthconstantlychange.A.goal B.motive C.subject D.structure6.Withoutexception,theearliestliteratesocietiesoriginatedalongthebanksofgreatrivers.A.publiclibraries B.schools C.navalacademies D.communities7.Anemploymentcontractcanbemutuallybeneficialtobothemployerandemployee.A.obviously B.hardly C.frequently D.jointly8.Theschool__________iswornontheboys’caps.A.stamp B.label C.figure D.badge9.Thecommitteewasunder_____________toreachagreementbeforemidnight.A.duty B.pressure C.control D.influence10.Ifyouaskme,she___________toohighanopinionofherself.A.keeps B.takes C.has D.feels11.Hisbusinessisgrowingsofastthathehasto____________moreworkers.A.takeup B.takeon C.takeover D.takeout12.Atthattimetheywerepoorandtheywent_____________adifficulttime.A.down B.alongwith C.infor D.through13.Newwaysmustbefoundtofacilitatethe________oftheproblem.A.revision B.solution C.decision D.conclusion14.One’smasteryofaforeignlanguageislargelydeterminedbyhis_______tothelanguage.A.measure B.exposure C.pressure D.seizure15.Shecouldn’tunderstandhis_________ofcountrylifetocitylife.A.liking B.reference C.preference D.loving16.Therapid________ofthecountryintoaworldpowersurprisedtheworld.A.change B.shift C.growth D.break17.The_______ofthevarioussciencesareinsomewaymoreimportantthanthesciencesthemselves.A.application B.use C.usage D.implication18.Inrecentyears,the_______ofawidevarietyofelectronictoolshasgreatlyspeededupthechemists’work.A.production B.research C.development D.making19.A.carefulness B.hatefulness C.gratefulness D.wastefulness20.Before1949,manypoorchildreninChinadiedof_________.A.shortage B.starvation C.hunger D.anger21.TheuseofwildanimalsincircuseswasaninnovationfirstintroducedintheUnitedStates.A.anumber B.aprogram C.amusicalspectacle D.anewidea22.InhisTheOldManandTheSea,ErnestHemingwaycelebratestheindomitablecourageofanelderlyfisherman.A.discusses B.investigates C.praises D.analyzes23.Peoplewholiveincoldclimateseagerlylookforwardtowarm,_________summerholidays.A.airy B.stuffy C.sunny D.clean24.Whydowehavetoputupwiththis__________?A.worry B.anxiety C.eagerness D.disturbance25.Amotor-carmayberegardedasa__________wealth.A.personnel B.personal C.individual D.single26.Hisillnessmayresultmalnutrition.A.in B.to C.from D.for27.Themanagerwillhavetohiretwopeopletomakeupthelosttime.A.in B.for C.on D.of28.____________betweenthemwhiletheywaitedforthegirltocomeback.A.Awordwashardlysaid B.AwordwassaidhardlyC.Hardlyawordwassaid D.Hardlywassaidaword29.Theysupposedhewas_________mantobeallowedtomisshisflight.A.atooimportanta B.atooimportantC.tooimportant D.tooimportanta30.Amotorwaywas_______throughthegardenofonehouse.A.building B.beingbuilt C.built D.gongtobuildII.ClozeThereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.ChoosetheONEthatbestfitsintothepassages.Thegreatpoweroftornadoesisalmost(31).Thespeedofthiswhirlingfunnel-shaped(32)maybemorethan500(33)perhour.Itcantearuptrees,carrybuildingsaway,andcanevenliftlargetrucks(34)thehighway.Thetornadoislikeagiantvacuumsweeperthat(35)upanythinginits(36).Expertsbelievethatthemostviolentforceofatornadois(37)insidethefunnel,whereavacuumiscreatedbecauseofverylowairpressure.Whenthisvacuummoves(38)abuildingwhichisfilledwithairunder(39)pressure,thedifferencebetweentheairpressureinsidethebuildingandthatoutsidecausesthebuildingtoexplode.Thelargesttornado(40)recordhadafunnelamilewide.TherearemanyinterestingstoriesaboutthestrangethingsthattornadoeshavedoneintheU.S.Commonwheat(41)hasbeendrivenseveralinches(42)postsandtrees.Buildingshavebeen(43)completelyaroundontheirfoundationsandhaveremained(44).Peopleandanimalshavebeen(45)hundredsoffeet,oftensufferingnophysicalharm.Feathershavebeen(46)fromchickens.Cars,trucks,andevenwholefreight-trainshavebeencarriedaway.Afewyearsagointhe(47)ofIndiana,threepeoplewerewalkingintoachurchjustasatornado(48).Twowalkedupthestepsintothechurchbuildingandthethirdpersonwent(49)intothebasement.Inthatmoment,thechurchbuildingwascarriedawayandthetwopersons(50)werekilled.Theoneinthebasementwasnothurt.31.A.inbelievable B.unknowable C.unseeable D.unbelievable32.A.storm B.wind C.rain D.breeze33.A.miles B.meters C.inches D.feet34.A.above B.over C.off D.up35.A.sucks B.breathes C.stuck D.struck36.A.passing B.path C.pass D.past37.A.seen B.looked C.sought D.found38.A.beyond B.into C.over D.offC.itiscutofffromtheoutsideworldD.itispeaceful58.Allthefollowingaredisadvantagesofcitylifeexceptthat.A.peoplearemoreisolatedfromeachotherB.lifedoesn’tcometoanendathalfpastnineatnightC.itisdirtyandnoisyD.itiscrowded59.Allthefollowingaboutpeoplelivinginthecountryarerightexceptthat.A.theyliveamoreconvenientlife.B.theyareeasiertofindhelp.C.theyhaveastrongersenseofcommunity.D.theylivealessexcitinglife.60.Thecompromisebetweencountrylifeandcitylifeis.A.toliveinthecityforaperiodoftimeandtheninthecountryforanotherB.toworkinthecityandliveinanearbyvillageC.togiveupthejobandliveinthecountrysideD.toliveinthecountrysideafterretirementPassage3Geologistshavebeenstudyingvolcanoesforalongtime.Thoughtheyhavelearnedagreatdeal,theystillhavenotdiscoveredthecausesofvolcanicaction.Theyknowthattheinsideoftheearthisveryhot,buttheyarenotsureexactlywhatcausesthegreatheat.Somegeologistshavethoughtthattheheatiscausedbythegreatpressureoftheearth’souterlayers.Ortheheatmaybeleftfromthetimewhentheearthwasformed.Duringthelastsixtyyears,scientistshavelearnedaboutradium,uranium,andotherradioactiveelements.Thesegiveoutheatallthetimeastheychangeintootherelements.Manyscientistsnowbelievethatmuchoftheheatinsidetheearthisproducedbyradioactiveelements.Whateverthecauseoftheheatmaybe,wedoknowthattheearthgetshotterthefartherdownwedig.Indeepminesandoilwellsthetemperaturerisesabout1℉foreach50feet.Atthisratethetemperature40milesbelowtheearth’ssurfacewouldbeover4,000℉.Thisismuchhotterthannecessarytomeltrock.However,thepressureoftherockabovekeepsmostmaterialsfrommeltingattheirusualmeltingpoints.Geologistsbelievethattherockdeepintheearthmaybeplastic.Inotherwords,therockyieldsslowlytopressurebutisnotliquid.Butifsomechangeintheearth’scrustreleasesthepressure,therockmelts.Thenthehot,liquidrockcanmoveuptowardthesurface.Whenthemeltedrockworksitswayclosetotheearth’scrust,avolcanomaybeformed.Themeltedrockoftencontainssteamandothergasesundergreatpressure.Iftherockabovegivesway,thepressureisreleased.Thenthesuddenexpansionofthegasescausesexplosions.Theseblowthemeltedrockintopiecesofdifferentsizesandshootthemhighintheair.Heretheycoolandhardenintovolcanicashandcinders.Someofthismaterialfallsaroundtheholemadeintheearth’ssurface.Themeltedrockmaykeeponrisingandpouraslava.Inthisway,volcanicash,cinders,andlavabuildupthecone-shapedmountainsthatwecallvolcanoes.61.Geologistshavediscoveredthecausesofvolcanicaction.F62.Thedeeperwedig,thehottertheearthis.T63.Rocksdeepintheearthmeltwhenthepressurefromtherockaboveislost.T64.Theexplosionsblowthemeltedrockintopiecesofdifferentsizesandshootthemhighintheairsothattheycannotbefoundagain.F65.Volcanoesarecone-shapedmountainsbuiltupbyvolcanicash,cindersandlava.TPassage4Individualsreceivemostoftheirincomeassuppliersofthefactorsofproduction.Aslaborerstheyreceivewages.Aslandlordstheyreceiverent.Aslendersofmoneycapitaltheyreceiveinterest.Asowners,orpartowners,ofbusinessfirmstheyreceiveanincomethatispartlyinterestandpartlyprofits.Theirdecisionsindisposingofthisincomedeterminewhatgoodswillbeproducedandinwhatquantities.Inprimitivetimes,individualsandfamiliessatisfiedtheirownwantsdirectlybyhuntingandfishingandgatheringwildfoods.Iftheyhadclothing,itwastheskinsofanimalstheyhadkilledthemselves.Theybuilttheirownshelterintheformofhutsoroftentsmadefromskins.Latersomepeoplestartedtoraiseagriculturalproductsandothersstartedtobreeddomesticatedanimalsfortheirownuse.Aslongastheseconditionspersisted,theeconomywassimpletounderstandandexplain.Later,however,webegantohavesomespecializationanddivisionoflabor.Someskilledindividualsbegantodevotemostoftheirtimetomakingbowsandarrowsandtradingthemtothehuntersformeat.Somepeoplediscoveredhowtomakeclaypotsandtradedthemtoothersforagriculturalproducts.Insomeplacespeoplediscoveredhowtoweaveclothandtradedtheclothforotherproducts.Mostprimitivetribesdevelopedsomeformofmoneytoovercomethedifficultiesofdirectbarterexchange.Ourpresenteconomicsystemrepresentsanextremelyhighdevelopmentofthisprincipleofspecializationanddivisionoflabor.Fewpeoplenowproducegoodsfortheirownuseandalmostnooneproducesallthedifferentkindsofgoodsthathewishestouse.Insteadwefindlargenumbersofindividualswhodevotealltheirworkingtimetomakingasmallpartofoneparticulararticleorperformingoneparticularoperationinaproductiveprocess.Othersareperformingvariouskindsofspecializedservices.Mostpeopleselltheirproductiveservicesformoneyandthenusethemoneytobuygoodsandservicesthatareproducedbyalargenumberofotherpeople.Somepeopleareengagedinmakingmachinesthatwillbeusedtomakeothermachinesortoolswithwhichtomanufacturegoods.Thisprocessofspecializationanddivisionoflaborresultsinatremendouslygreateroutputofgoodsandservicesthanwouldbepossiblewithoutit.Italsomakesusextremelydependentuponotherpeoplebothtobuythegoodsorservicesthatwehelptoproduceandtosupplythegoodsorservicesforustobuythatwedonotproduceforourselves.Thisinterdependencecontributestothecomplexityandseverityofmanyproblemsarisingoutofchangesineconomicactivity.Inspiteoftheproblemscreatedbyinterdependence,almostnooneadvocatesareturntoasystemofindividualfamilyself-sufficiency.Notonlywouldareturntoself-sufficiencymeanagreatlyreducedstandardofliving;itisdoubtfulifthepresentpopulationcouldevenbemaintainedundersuchasystem.66.Theindividuals’decisionsindisposingoftheirmoneydeterminewhatgoodswillbeproducedandhowmanyofeachkindofgoodswillbeproduced.T67.ThespecializationanddivisionoflabormadetheeconomysimplertounderstandandexplainF.68.Moneywasdevelopedasameanstoovercomethedifficultiesofdirectbarterexchange.T68.Specializationanddivisionoflaborgreatlyspeededupthedevelopmentofeconomy.T70.Theinterdependenceamongpeopleinmodernsocietymakeseconomicproblemsmorecomplexandsevere.TIV.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese.(10%)71.WelldoIrememberthestorieshetoldmeabouthischildhood..我十分記得他告訴我他童年的故事。72.Hehasdonethisbyhisignorance,hisgreed,andhiswastefulness.他由于他的無知，貪婪和浪費(fèi)做了這些。73.Thecomplicationsofinternationaltradearisebecausethetwopartiesusedifferentmonies.因?yàn)橘Q(mào)易雙方使用不同的貨幣出現(xiàn)國際貿(mào)易的復(fù)雜性。

74.Astudentofanyareaofnaturalscienceneedsatleastanintroductiontotheprinciplesandsimplerapplicationsofchemistryasafoundationforhisspecialty.任何自然科學(xué)領(lǐng)域的學(xué)生至少需要介紹化學(xué)的原則和簡單應(yīng)用作為他專業(yè)的基礎(chǔ).75.Onepersonoutofthreewillbedismissedfromthecompanybytheendoftheyear.三個人中的一個將在今年年底從該公司被開除。V.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.76.人人都需要吃、喝和休息。weallneedtoeat,drinkandrest.77.這個大廳可容納多達(dá)三千人。（upto）Thehallcanaccommodateupto3000people.78.自然科學(xué)的各大門類構(gòu)成一個系統(tǒng)化的知識體系。(systematize)Themajorcategoriesofnaturalsciencesconstituteasystematizedbodyofknowledge.79.第一次世界大戰(zhàn)爆發(fā)于1914年。WorldWarIbrokeoutin1914.80.他們的錢用完了，只好中斷了工程。Theyrunoutofmoney,sotheyhavetointerrupttheproject.VI.WritingForthispart,youareallowedthirtyminutestowriteacompositiononthetopicCARSINTHECITY.Youshouldwriteatleast100wordsandbaseyouropinionsonsoundproofsorfacts.Thefollowingpointsmayserveasaframework.城市里汽車日漸增多。(2)說一下汽車增多有什么好處或壞處。(3)你認(rèn)為應(yīng)該如何克服這些壞處？Today,mostpeopleinthecityrelyonautomobilesasameansoftransportation.Somoreandmorearedrivingtoworkeveryinthei