2023屆北京專家信息卷仿真模擬卷(二)英語試題（全國卷）

北京專家信息卷仿真模擬卷(二)英語本試卷共8頁,滿分150分?？荚囉脮r(shí)120分鐘。注意事項(xiàng):1.答卷前,考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、座位號和準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡上。2.答選擇題時(shí),選出每小題答案后,用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動(dòng),用橡莊擦干凈后,再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號。寫在本試卷上無效。3.答主觀題時(shí),將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。4.考試結(jié)束后,將答題卡交回。第I卷第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題分，滿分分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng),并標(biāo)在式卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whichroomhasthemanfinisheddecorating?A.Thelivingroom.B.Thebathroom.C.Thekitchen.2.whatdoesthemanwanttodonow?A.Gotothecinema.B.DosomeshoppingC.Getsomethingtoeat.3.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inalibrary.B.Inaclassroom.C.Inabookstore.4.Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantodo?A.Writealetter.B.Lookforthepen.C.Helpfixabookshelf.5.WhocanDrPhilipsbe?A.Anewneighbor.B.Astreetcleaner.C.Anoldfriend第二節(jié)(共15小題,每小題分,滿分分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前,你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料,回答第6、7題。6.Whywasthewomanstoppedbythepoliceofficer?A.Shewasspeeding.B.Hercarlightwasbroken.C.Shedidn’twearaseatbelt.7.Whatistheweatherlikenow?AClear.B.Windy.C.Foggy.聽第7段材料,回答第8至10題。8.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Policeofficerandcitizen.B.Husbandandwife.C.Neighbors.9.Whathappenedtothewoman?A.Herhousewasonfire.B.Herjewelrywasstolen.C.Shehadafightwithherneighbor.10.Wheredoesthewomanlive?A.OnCliftonStreet.BOnMapleStreet.C.OnWaterfordStreet.聽第8段材料,回答第11至13題。11.Whatisthepurposeofthetennismatch?A.Topromotetennis.B.Toimprovefitness.C.Toraisemoney.12.Howwillthewomanprobablygettothetenniscourts?A.Bycur.B.Onfoot.C.Bysubway.13.Whenwillthespeakersmeet?A.At8:30am.B.At9:30am.C.At10:30am.聽第9段材料,回答第14至17題。14.Whoisthewomanprobablyaskingforadvice?A.Herneighbor.B.Herclassmate.C.Hertutor.15.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthewesterndiningtraditions?A.StrictB.Complex.C.Casual.16.Whenshouldthewomanarrive?A.Around4:30.B.Around5:00.C.Around5:30.17.Whatisthewomanadvisedtobring?A.Wine.B.Books,C.Food.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Whichtypeofskirunisfitforbeginners?A.Green-circle.B.Blue-square.C.Black-diamond.19.WhatdoweknowabouttheWhistlerBlackcombMountainResort?A.Therearenoinstructors.B.Cabinsareinthemiddleoftheforest.C.Visitorscantakecablecarsthere.20.Howcanvisitorsgetthebestprices?A.Bygoingtothesalesdesk.B.Bybookingthroughthewebsite.C.Bycallingthesportscenterdirectly.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分,滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題卡上將該選項(xiàng)涂黑。AWehavealistoftravelguidelinesfromhealthorganizationsaroundtheworldtohelpyouconsidermeasuresyoushouldtaketohelpreducehealthriskswhenyoutravel.Pleasereviewallinformationthatyouneedtoprotectyourself.WashyourhandsoftenWashyourhandsfrequentlyandthoroughlyforatleast20secondswithsoapandwater.Ifsoapandwaterarenotreadilyavailable,useahandsanitizer(洗手液)thatcontainsatleast60%alcohol.Avoidtouchingyoureyes,noseandmouthwithunwashedhands.WearamaskCleanyourhandswithaleohol-basedhandsanitizer,orsoapandwater,beforeputtingonamask.Coveryourmouthandnosewithamaskorfacecoveringandmakesuretherearenogapsbetweenyourfaceandthemask.Avoidtouchingthemaskwhileusingit;ifyoudo,cleanyourhands.CoughingandsneezingetiquetteIfyouarenotwearingamask,coveryourmouthornosewithaflexedelboworusedisposabletissueanddiscardimmediatelyafteruse.Cleanhandswithalcohol-basedhandsanitizerorsoapandwateraftercoughingorsneezing.SocialdistancingMaintainatleast6feetor2meters(about2armlengths)distancebetweenyourselfandothers.AvoidtravelingifunwellIfyouhaveafever,cough,difficultybreathing,asorethroatorhaveseenrecentchangesintasteorsmell,medicalprofessionalsrecommendyounottravel.Ifyougetsickduringthetrip,staywhereyouareandfollowtheadviceoflocalofficials.AnticipatetravelneedsBringenoughofyourmedicinetolastyoufortheentiretripandhaveprescriptionpaperworkwithyouiftravelinginternationally.Considerpackingenoughalcoholbasedhandsanitizerandkeepitwithineasyreach;butremembersomeairportsorairlinesmayhavelimitationsonvolumeofliquidsyoucancarry.Bringaclothfacecoveringormasktowearinpublicplaces.Packsomefoodincaserestaurantsandstoresareclosed,butremembersomeairlinesmaylimityourabilitytocarryfoodanddrinksonboard.1.Whatisthetextintendedtohelppeopledo?A.Travelsmarter. B.Travelsafer. C.Travellighter. D.Travelforfree.2.Whatinformationdoestheauthorprovide?A.Carryingasoapatalltimes. B.Coughingwithyourmaskoff.C.Keepingapropersocialdistance. D.Goingbackhomeifyoufeelsick.3.Whatdoestheauthorrecommendcarryingincaseyouneed?A.Alcohol. B.Facecloth. C.Foodanddrinks. D.Medicinepackaging.【答案】1.B2.C3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是應(yīng)用文。介紹了一份來自世界各地衛(wèi)生組織的旅行指南清單，幫助游客考慮旅行時(shí)應(yīng)采取的措施，以降低健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Wehavealistoftravelguidelinesfromhealthorganizationsaroundtheworldtohelpyouconsidermeasuresyoushouldtaketohelpreducehealthriskswhenyoutravel.(我們有一份來自世界各地衛(wèi)生組織的旅行指南清單，幫助你考慮應(yīng)該采取的措施，以幫助你在旅行時(shí)減少健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn))”可知，這篇文章想要幫助人們減少健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，更安全的旅行。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)小標(biāo)題Socialdistancing下的段落中“Maintainatleast6feetor2meters(about2armlengths)distancebetweenyourselfandothers.(你和別人之間保持至少6英尺或2米(大約2個(gè)手臂長度)的距離)”可知，作者在文章中提到了保持適當(dāng)?shù)纳缃痪嚯x。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)小標(biāo)題Anticipatetravelneeds下的段落中“Bringaclothfacecoveringormasktowearinpublicplaces.Packsomefoodincaserestaurantsandstoresareclosed,butremembersomeairlinesmaylimityourabilitytocarryfoodanddrinksonboard.(帶上一些食物以防餐館和商店關(guān)門，但要記住一些航空公司可能會限制你攜帶食物和飲料的能力)”可知，作者建議攜帶食物和飲料以備不時(shí)之需。故選C項(xiàng)。BThrownfromhishorsethreetimesandrepeatedlywetthroughwhilecampinginadownpour,ChrisWalkerwonderedwhethertheMongolDerhywasreallyforhim.ThepropertydeveloperandfarmerfromGloucestershirewas,at55,theoldestofthecompetitorsinthisyear’s1.000kmraceacrossthegrassland.Despitethehardshipsofhiseight-dayjourney,Walkerwasdelightedtofinishthirdintheannualequestrian(馬術(shù)的)endurancerace.Competitorsracebetweencheckpoints22milesapart,wheretheychangehorses.Theyspendnightsatoneof28stations,setuptheirowncamporenjoythehospitalityoffriendlyMongolianfamilies.Walker,whosegrandfatherNevilleCrumptrainedthreeGrandNationalwinners,wasanhouraheadofhisrivalsastheraceentereditseighthdaybutwasawardedatimepenalty(判罰)becausehishorsehadahighheartrateduringoneoftheregularcheckstoensurethattheanimalswerehealthy.WalkersaidhehadgonetoMongoliato“giveitago”butrealizedthathestoodachanceofwinningafterteamingupwithPatrickHeffron,acompetitorfromIreland.“Thehorsesarequitewild.Igotbuckedoffthreetimes.Ifelloffinahole,”hesaid.“You’regoingalongandsuddenlydisappear.Youhavetohangontoyourhorsefordearlifeoritgoesoff.”Walkerwhohasraisedmorethan￡7000forthecharityRidingfortheDisabledAssociation,ownhorsesandhissonisaprofessionalpoloplayer.Heffron,whometWalkerastheywentoutfortherace,finishedthirdequalalongsidehiscompanion.Hesaiditwasimportanttoformateammainlybecausefallingoffalonemeansthatthereisnoonetohelpyouretrieveyourhorse.“Itisalsoabloodylongwaytotalktoyourself,”Heffronsaid.“Neitherofushadpriorambitionswinthisracebutwerealized:“We’reinfront,”SPRpushed.4.WhatcanwelearnabouttheMongolDerby?A.It’sa22-mileequestrianendurancerace.B.Competitorshavetocampatstations.C.Thereisanagelimittocompetitors.D.Horsesareswitchedatcheckpoints.5.WhatisthemainreasonforWalker’sfallingbehind?A.Atimepenalty. B.Thewildhorse. C.Poorteamwork. D.Hisillhealth.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“retrieve”meaninthetext?A.Tie. B.Feed. C.Mount. D.Bringback7.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeWalker?A.Enthusiasticbutmoody. B.Proudandstubborn.C.Courageousandambitious. D.Cooperativeandgenerous.【答案】4.D5.A6.D7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。主要介紹了一位農(nóng)民在世界上最艱苦的賽馬比賽中名列前茅。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文中第四段首句“Competitorsracebetweencheckpoints22milesapart,wheretheychangehorses.”（競爭者們在相隔22英里的檢查站之間比賽，在檢查站他們會更換馬）可知，在這個(gè)比賽中，競爭者們在檢查站換馬，故選D項(xiàng)。【5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文中第五段“Walker,whosegrandfatherNevilleCrumptrainedthreeGrandNationalwinners,wasanhouraheadofhisrivalsastheraceentereditseighthdaybutwasawardedatimepenalty(判罰)becausehishorsehadahighheartrateduringoneoftheregularcheckstoensurethattheanimalswerehealthy.”（Walker的祖父NevilleCrump曾經(jīng)訓(xùn)練出了三位GrandNational冠軍，他本人領(lǐng)先對手一小時(shí)，然而隨著比賽進(jìn)入第八天，由于他的馬在一次以確保馬的健康狀態(tài)的常規(guī)檢查中發(fā)現(xiàn)心率高，因此他獲得了時(shí)間判罰。）可知，他落后的原因是獲得了時(shí)間判罰，故選A項(xiàng)。【6題詳解】詞義猜測題。由文中第七段““Thehorsesarequitewild.Igotbuckedoffthreetimes.Ifelloffinahole,”hesaid.“You’regoingalongandsuddenlydisappear.Youhavetohangontoyourhorsefordearlifeoritgoesoff.””（“馬野性十足。我被彈出去了三次，我掉到了一個(gè)洞里”，他說。你走著走著就不見了。你必須要緊緊抓住你的馬報(bào)名否則它會跑走）可知，在本句“Hesaiditwasimportanttoformateammainlybecausefallingoffalonemeansthatthereisnoonetohelpyouretrieveyourhorse.”（他說形成一個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)是重要的，因?yàn)橐粋€(gè)人摔下來就意味著沒人幫你去你的馬），此處指的是，一個(gè)人跌倒了，馬會跑走，沒人幫你取回你的馬，故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由文中第六段“WalkersaidhehadgonetoMongoliato“giveitago”butrealizedthathestoodachanceofwinningafterteamingupwithPatrickHeffron,acompetitorfromIreland.”（Walker說他去蒙古是為了“試一試”，但他意識到，在與來自愛爾蘭的競爭對手帕特里克·赫夫龍（PatrickHeffron）合作后，他有機(jī)會獲勝）和第八段“Walkerwhohasraisedmorethan￡7000forthecharityRidingfortheDisabledAssociation,ownhorsesandhissonisaprofessionalpoloplayer.”（Walker為慈善機(jī)構(gòu)“殘疾人騎行協(xié)會”籌集了7000多英鎊，他擁有馬匹，他的兒子是一名職業(yè)馬球運(yùn)動(dòng)員。）可知，Walker是一個(gè)有合作精神且慷慨的人，故選D項(xiàng)。CTheCovid-19pandemichasbeenstressfulinsomanywaysandincreasedworkstressstandsoutaswidespreadconsequenceofit.Inastudytitled“Thisjobiskillingme”conductedatNorthernIllinoisUniversityandIndianaaUniversity,theresearchersdiscoveredthattwospecificfactors-havingahigh-stressjobandlowcontroloverone’swork-werecloselyrelatedwithhigherdeathrates.Duringthe20-yearperiod,over3,000AmericansweretrackedatthreeseparatepointsbytheMidlifeintheUnitedStatesSurveyAnalyzingthatdata,thestudyfoundthatthosewithhigh-stress,low-controljobswere43%morelikelytodiethanthoseinlower-riskcategories.Peoplewhosufferedfromdepressionwere130%morelikelytodieearly,accordingtoErikGonzalez-Mulé,whoco-authoredthestudy.Thosewithhighstress,low-autonomyjobswhodiedwerelikelytohavesuffereddepression.GonzalezMulésayshistakeawayisnotthateveryoneshouldquittheirjobsinterror.Rather,healsosays,thosewithinfluenceoveremployees’workexperience-likecompanyheadsandmanagers-shoulddoasmuchaspossibletoincreaseworkers’feelingsofautonomy,especiallyforworkersinhighLoweringstressatworkisn’talwayspossible:Somejobsareinherentlystressful.Butjobsaddingasenseofautonomyissometimespossible.Gonzalez-Mulésaysonesimpleoptionistoallowpeopletodecidewheretowork,whetherthat’sfromhomeorothernon-officeworkspace.Inthatway,theCovid-19pandemicmayhaveactuallymovedthingsforward:Employerswhowereunwillingtotakethestepofallowingflexibleworkingonemployees’termshavehadtoadaptfastand,inmanycaseshaveseenpositiveresults.Thereareotherwaysthatcompaniescanincreaseworkers’autonomytoo,especiallyforthoseforwhomworkingfromhomeisn’tanoption.“Allowingpeopletochoosewhattheywanttodoiskindofahigherorderlevelofautonomy,whereasjustallowingpeopletoprioritizetasksandtacklethingsintheordertheywantiskindofonthelowend,”saysGonzalez-Mule8.WhatdoesGonzalezMuléagreewith?A.Peopleshouldgiveuptheirstressfuljobs.B.Loweringemployees’stressatworkisessential.C.Peopleunderhighpressurearelikelytosufferdepression.D.Employeesshouldbeallowedtomaketheirowndecisions.9.WhatisthepositiveoutcometheCovid-19pandemichasbrought?A.Lightworkload. B.Lessstressfuljobs.C.Increasingautonomy. D.Safeworkingenvironment.10.Whichbelongstothelowerorderlevelofautonomy?A.Doingwhateveronewants. B.Decidingwhattodofirst.C.Choosingtoworkathome. D.Choosingamongseveraljobs.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.HaveHighControlOverYourWork B.High-stressJobsCanCauseDeathC.StayAwayFromStressatWork D.WaystoCopewithHighStress【答案】8.D9.C10.B11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)兩個(gè)具體因素——工作壓力大和對工作的控制力低——與高死亡率密切相關(guān)。文章介紹了研究開展的過程以及研究的發(fā)現(xiàn)等情況?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Thosewithhighstress,low-autonomyjobswhodiedwerelikelytohavesuffereddepression.(那些工作壓力大、自主權(quán)低的人很可能患有抑郁癥)”可知，GonzalezMulé認(rèn)同員工應(yīng)該被允許自己做決定。故選D。【9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Inthatway,theCovid-19pandemicmayhaveactuallymovedthingsforward:Employerswhowereunwillingtotakethestepofallowingflexibleworkingonemployees’termshavehadtoadaptfastand,inmanycaseshaveseenpositiveresults.(從這種角度來看，新冠疫情實(shí)際上可能推動(dòng)了事情的發(fā)展：不愿采取措施，允許員工按條件靈活工作的雇主不得不迅速適應(yīng)，在許多情況下已經(jīng)看到了積極的結(jié)果)”可知，新冠肺炎大流行增加了自主權(quán)。故選C。【10題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Allowingpeopletochoosewhattheywanttodoiskindofahigherorderlevelofautonomy,whereasjustallowingpeopletoprioritizetasksandtacklethingsintheordertheywantiskindofonthelowend(允許人們選擇他們想做的事情是一種更高層次的自主權(quán)，而僅僅允許人們按照他們想要的順序排列任務(wù)的優(yōu)先級和處理事情的順序是一種低層次的自主權(quán))”可知，決定先做什么屬于較低層次的自治。故選B?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Inastudytitled“Thisjobiskillingme”conductedatNorthernIllinoisUniversityandIndianaaUniversity,theresearchersdiscoveredthattwospecificfactors-havingahigh-stressjobandlowcontroloverone’swork-werecloselyrelatedwithhigherdeathrates.(在北伊利諾伊大學(xué)和印第安納大學(xué)進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)名為“這份工作要了我的命”的研究中，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)兩個(gè)具體因素——工作壓力大和對工作的控制力低——與高死亡率密切相關(guān))”可知，B選項(xiàng)“高壓力工作可能導(dǎo)致死亡”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選B。DReadingdoesn’tcomenaturallytopeople,butmostofushavelearnedhow.Eighty-sixpercentoftheworld’spopulationisliterate(有讀寫能力的)，andthisratehasbeenincreasingforcenturies.Literacymakesitpossibletonavigateaworldfilledwithbooks,websites,textmessages,roadsignsandmore.Couldagrowingnumberofpeopleparticipateintoday’sworldwithoutreadingorwritingatall?Technologymakesitpossible.Mostofourdevicesnowtalktousandtakespokencommands.Smartcarsaskforadestinationandthengivedirections.Smartvirtualassistantslistenforrequeststoreporttheweather,playasong,setatimer,ordergroceries,andmuchmore.Softwarecanalsoreadtextaloudorturnspeechintotext.Theseinteractionsaren’tperfect-thesoftwarestillmakessillymistakes.Butit’sgettingbetterandbetter.It’spossibletoimagineafutureworldwhereallofourcommunicationwithourdevicesandeachotherisspoken.Butreadingandwritingarepowerfultools.Forone,mostpeoplereadfasterthantheyspeak.Apodcasteroraudiobooknarratorspeaksataround150to160wordsperminute,whileastrongreadercancruisethroughatextat300to400wordsperminute.That’stwiceasfast!Researchhasalsofoundthatpeopleremembermoreinformationandstaymoreinterestedwhentheyreadasopposedtolisten.Learningtoreadalsocreatesnewconnectionsinthebrain.InherbookProustandtheSquid:TheStoryandScienceoftheReadingBrain,MaryanneWolfwritesthatwiththeinventionofreading,humanbeings“rearrangedtheveryorganizationofourbrain,whichinturnexpandedthewayswewereabletothink,whichchangedtheintellectualevolutionofourspecies.”Wouldwereallychoosetogiveupthatprogress?Whatdoyouthink?Doyouhopepeoplekeeponreadingandwriting,orwilltechnologymakeliteracyobsolete(淘汰的)?12.Whatdoesthe2ndparagraphfocuson?ATechnologymakesupforilliteracy. B.Manypeoplehaveproblemswithliteracy.C.Technologyisadouble-edgedsword. D.Technologyischangingfast.13.Comparedtolistening,whatwillapersondowhenreading?A.Gathermoreinformation. B.Rememberlessclearly.C.Showlessinterest. D.Learnmorewords.14.WhydoestheauthormentionMaryanne’sbook?A.Togiveanexampleofabookonreading.B.Toshowtheevolutionofhumanbeings.C.Toprovethatreadingisrelatedwithbrain.D.Toillustratetheneedforreadingandwriting.15.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Atextbook. B.Ablogpost.C.Abookreview. D.Anacademicarticle.【答案】12.A13.A14.C15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。介紹了當(dāng)今社會科技使人不讀不寫就能融入社會，但是讀寫能力仍然是最強(qiáng)大的認(rèn)知工具?！?2題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Couldagrowingnumberofpeopleparticipateintoday’sworldwithoutreadingorwritingatall?Technologymakesitpossible.Mostofourdevicesnowtalktousandtakespokencommands.(越來越多的人不讀不寫就能融入當(dāng)今世界嗎？科技使之成為可能?，F(xiàn)在，我們的大多數(shù)設(shè)備都能與我們對話，并接受語音指令)”可知，本段主要介紹，由于智能科技設(shè)備的識別語音功能，沒有讀寫識字能力的人也有可能融入社會生活?？萍紡浹a(bǔ)了不識字這一缺陷。故選A項(xiàng)。【13題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Forone,mostpeoplereadfasterthantheyspeak.Apodcasteroraudiobooknarratorspeaksataround150to160wordsperminute,whileastrongreadercancruisethroughatextat300to400wordsperminute.That’stwiceasfast!Researchhasalsofoundthatpeopleremembermoreinformationandstaymoreinterestedwhentheyreadasopposedtolisten.(首先，大多數(shù)人讀得比說得快。播客或有聲書的解說員每分鐘大約說150到160個(gè)單詞，而閱讀能力強(qiáng)的人每分鐘可以讀300到400個(gè)單詞。這是原來的兩倍!研究還發(fā)現(xiàn)，與聽相比，人們在閱讀時(shí)能記住更多信息，也更有興趣)”可知，與聽相比，在相等時(shí)間內(nèi)，閱讀能獲取更多信息。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“InherbookProustandtheSquid:TheStoryandScienceoftheReadingBrain,MaryanneWolfwritesthatwiththeinventionofreading,humanbeings‘rearrangedtheveryorganizationofourbrain,whichinturnexpandedthewayswewereabletothink,whichchangedtheintellectualevolutionofourspecies.’(瑪麗安·沃爾夫在她的書《普魯斯特和烏賊:閱讀大腦的故事和科學(xué)》中寫道，隨著閱讀的發(fā)明，人類“重新安排了我們大腦的組織，這反過來擴(kuò)展了我們能夠思考的方式，從而改變了我們物種的智力進(jìn)化)”可知，MaryanneWolf認(rèn)為閱讀是和大腦組織有聯(lián)系的，作者提到她的書也是要證明這一點(diǎn)。故選C項(xiàng)。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Couldagrowingnumberofpeopleparticipateintoday’sworldwithoutreadingorwritingatall?Technologymakesitpossible.(越來越多的人不讀不寫就能融入當(dāng)今世界嗎？科技使之成為可能)”和最后一段末“Wouldwereallychoosetogiveupthatprogress?Whatdoyouthink?Doyouhopepeoplekeeponreadingandwriting,orwilltechnologymakeliteracyobsolete?(我們真的會選擇放棄這種進(jìn)步嗎？你怎么看？你希望人們繼續(xù)閱讀和寫作，還是希望科技使讀寫能力過時(shí)？)”可知，作者在和讀者互動(dòng)，期待答復(fù)與評論。由此推測，文章可能出自網(wǎng)絡(luò)博客的帖子。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分,滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Whetherit’sforapromisingjobinterview,firstdate,orchancemeeting,makingagoodimpressionisimportantinjustabouteverysituation.___16___ArriveEarly.ActorBillyPortersaiditinhisbookUnprorected:AMemoir,“Fifteenminutesearlyisontime,ontimeislate,andlateisunacceptable.”___17___Ifyou’regivingapresentation,arrivingearlygivesyouamomenttotesttheequipmentyou’reusing.Ifyou’reearlytoajobinterview,you’llhavetimetogooveryourelevatorpitchtoyourself,adjustyourtie,ormakesureyourhairisn’toutofplace.Activelylisten.Activelisteningisgivingthespeakeryourundividedattentionandpayingattentiontowhat’ssaidandtheintentionbehindit.___18___Askingtherightquestionsshowsyou’reengaged,butjustdon’tasksomethingthespeakeralreadyanswered.___19___Whenyou’remeetingsomeoneforthefirsttime,don’ttrytobesomeoneyou’renot.Ifyoudon’tknowtheanswertosomethingtheyask,don’tfakeit.Theabilitytolearnintoyourweaknessesshowsthatyouareself-aware.However,don’toveremphasizeyourshortcomings,either.Knowyouraudience.___20___Ifyourmeetingisplannedinadvance,youshouldknowplentyaboutthepersonorbusinessyou’remeetingwithbeforearriving.Googlethepeopleyou’llmeet,thecompanyfounders/co-founders,theirhistory,theircompetition,theirmainproducts,andanyotherrelevantinformationbeforeyouwalkintotheroom.A.Beauthentic.B.Doyourresearch.C.Emphasizeyouradvantages.D.Listenforopportunitiestoaskquestionsconcerningthediscussion.E.Therearesomesimplestepstosucceedinthefirstbusinessmeeting.F.Wecanhelpyouputyourbestfootforwardnomatterwhereyouare.G.Arrivinginadvanceforameetinggivesyoualittlemoretimetoensureeverythingisinplace.【答案】16.E17.G18.D19.A20.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。介紹了正式面試時(shí)的幾個(gè)建議，可以幫助讀者給對方留下好的第一印象?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Whetherit’sforapromisingjobinterview,firstdate,orchancemeeting,makingagoodimpressionisimportantinjustabouteverysituation.(無論是為了一個(gè)有希望的面試，第一次約會或偶然相遇，留下一個(gè)好印象在任何情況下都很重要)”可知，已經(jīng)強(qiáng)調(diào)了留下好印象很重要。由此可知，E.Therearesomesimplestepstosucceedinthefirstbusinessmeeting.(在第一次企業(yè)面試中成功有一些簡單的措施)符合語境，表示接下來要給出具體建議了。故選E項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Ifyou’regivingapresentation,arrivingearlygivesyouamomenttotesttheequipmentyou’reusing.Ifyou’reearlytoajobinterview,you’llhavetimetogooveryourelevatorpitchtoyourself,adjustyourtie,ormakesureyourhairisn’toutofplace.(如果你要做演講，提前到達(dá)可以讓你有時(shí)間測試你正在使用的設(shè)備。如果你去面試時(shí)早點(diǎn)到了，你就有時(shí)間對自己練習(xí)一下電梯演講，調(diào)整一下領(lǐng)帶，或者確保你的頭發(fā)沒有不合適)”及本段主題句“ArriveEarly.(提前到達(dá))可知，該段落在講述商務(wù)會面時(shí)提前到達(dá)的好處。由此可知，G.Arrivinginadvanceforameetinggivesyoualittlemoretimetoensureeverythingisinplace.(會面時(shí)提前到達(dá)可以讓你有更多的時(shí)間來確保一切都準(zhǔn)備就緒)符合語境。故選G項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Activelylisten.Activelisteningisgivingthespeakeryourundividedattentionandpayingattentiontowhat’ssaidandtheintentionbehindit.(積極傾聽。積極傾聽是讓說話者全神貫注，注意所說的話及其背后的意圖)”可知，此處在講過程中要積極認(rèn)真地聽，由此可知，D.Listenforopportunitiestoaskquestionsconcerningthediscussion.(認(rèn)真聽，尋找機(jī)會可以提出一些和討論話題相關(guān)的問題)符合語境，并呼應(yīng)下一句中的“therightquestions”。故選D項(xiàng)。【19題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Whenyou’remeetingsomeoneforthefirsttime,don’ttrytobesomeoneyou’renot.Ifyoudon’tknowtheanswertosomethingtheyask,don’tfakeit.(當(dāng)你第一次和某人見面時(shí)，不要試圖成為另一個(gè)人。如果你不知道他們問的問題的答案，不要假裝)”可知該段表示，交談中要展示真實(shí)的自己，不要假裝或不懂裝懂。由此可知，A.Beauthentic.(要真實(shí))符合語境。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Ifyourmeetingisplannedinadvance,youshouldknowplentyaboutthepersonorbusinessyou’remeetingwithbeforearriving.Googlethepeopleyou’llmeet,thecompanyfounders/co-founders,theirhistory,theircompetition,theirmainproducts,andanyotherrelevantinformationbeforeyouwalkintotheroom.(如果你的會面是提前計(jì)劃好的，你應(yīng)該在到達(dá)之前充分了解你要會面的人或企業(yè)。在你走進(jìn)房間之前，可以在網(wǎng)上搜索一些關(guān)于你要見的人，公司創(chuàng)始人/聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人，他們的歷史，他們的競爭對手，他們的主要產(chǎn)品，以及任何其他相關(guān)信息)”可知，本段建議可以借助網(wǎng)絡(luò)去提前做一些調(diào)查，對要見的人獲取企業(yè)有更多的了解，有備而來。由此可知，B.Doyourresearch.(做一下調(diào)查研究)符合語境。故選B項(xiàng)。第三部分英語知識運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分45分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共20小題;每題分,滿分30分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中,選出可以填人空白處的最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。The2022-23collegebasketballseasonhasn’tevenstartedyet,butwealreadyhavethephotooftheyear.Ithasnothingtodowithanythingthathappenedonthe___21___,either,butinsteadafather-son___22___caughtinthestandsatKentucky’sintrasquadexhibitiongame.The___23___,whichhasnowgoneviral,showsMichaelMcGuireandhissonsittinginthestandSaturday’sBlueWhiteGamethatwas___24___inEasternKentucky.McGuireisstillwearinghisuniformandheavybootsandhisfaceandarmsare___25___inblackcoaldust.Whilethedadpossiblyjustwantedtogohomeandget___26___.heprioritizedhisyoungson,andgavehimthemost___27___ofgifts:histime.MeGuireonlyhadabout45minutestogettothegamewhenhe___28___workonSaturdayandhedidn’twantto___29___hissonEaston’sfirstbasketballexperience.“Itwaseithergostraightthere,ormisshalfthegametogohomeandtakeashowerand___30___,”hesaid.AKentuckyfan___31___thephotoandposteditonFacebookin___32___thatsomeonefromthecoach’sstaffwouldseeitand___33___thelittleboyanautograph.Theplan___34___betterthanshehopedandtheheadcoachoftheUniversityofKentucky.JohnCaliparisharedthephotoonsocialmediaaexpressed___35___forhishardworkanddedicationtohisson.ForCalipari,thepicturewas___36___movingtohimconsideringhisownfamilyalsocamefromcoalmining.So,thecoachwantedto___37___thestrangerandhisfamilyasVIPstoagame.Thispicturesymbolizeseverysonluckyenoughtohavea(an)___38___fatherdoingtheverybesttheycan.Italso___39___everyblue-collarworkerinAmericaprovidingfortheirfamilythatstill___40___importantmomentsintheirchildren’slives.21.A.court B.scene C.stand D.air22.A.discovery B.moment C.choice D.promise23.A.game B.coach C.university D.photo24.A.taught B.gone C.played D.watched25.A.lost B.buried C.filled D.covered26.A.fixedup B.pickedup C.cleanedup D.packedup27.A.interesting B.rewarding C.enjoyable D.precious28.A.setabout B.returnedto C.wenton D.gotoff29.A.risk B.drop C.miss D.fail30.A.something B.anything C.everything D.nothing31.A.developed B.worked C.shared D.took32.A.efforts B.hopes C.expectation D.thought33A.pass B.lend C.send D.donate34.A.happened B.selected C.mattered D.changed35.A.admiration B.gratitude C.admission D.apology36.A.hardly B.particularly C.usually D.merely37.A.invite B.beg C.persuade D.allow38.A.considerate B.independent C.hardworking D.determined39.A.signals B.assumes C.confirms D.represents40.A.judges B.permits C.recognizes D.claims【答案】21.A22.B23.D24.C25.D26.C27.D28.D29.C30.C31.D32.B33.C34.B35.A36.B37.A38.C39.D40.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了2022-23賽季大學(xué)籃球賽季上，一個(gè)肯塔基球迷拍下了一位臉和手臂上覆蓋著黑色的煤塵的父親和兒子觀看比賽的照片。這張照片象征著每一個(gè)幸運(yùn)的兒子都有一個(gè)努力工作的父親，盡他們所能。它也代表了美國的每一個(gè)藍(lán)領(lǐng)工人為他們的家庭提供服務(wù)，而他們的孩子仍然在他們的生活中占有重要的時(shí)刻?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這與球場上發(fā)生的任何事情都無關(guān)，而是在肯塔基大學(xué)隊(duì)內(nèi)表演賽的看臺上被捕捉到的父子瞬間。A.court球場；B.scene場景；C.stand攤位；D.air空氣。根據(jù)上文“The2022-23collegebasketballseasonhasn’tevenstartedyet,butwealreadyhavethephotooftheyear.(2022-23賽季大學(xué)籃球賽季還沒有開始，但我們已經(jīng)有了年度照片)”可知，這里指籃球賽場，故選A。【22題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這與球場上發(fā)生的任何事情都無關(guān)，而是在肯塔基大學(xué)隊(duì)內(nèi)表演賽的看臺上被捕捉到的父子瞬間。A.discovery發(fā)現(xiàn)；B.moment時(shí)刻；C.choice選擇；D.promise承諾。根據(jù)后文“caughtinthestandsatKentucky’sintrasquadexhibitiongame”可知，照片記錄下了父子時(shí)刻。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這張照片現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)瘋傳，照片上邁克爾·麥圭爾和他的兒子坐在周六在肯塔基州東部舉行的藍(lán)白隊(duì)比賽的看臺上。A.game游戲；B.coach教練；C.university大學(xué)；D.photo照片。根據(jù)上文“The2022-23collegebasketballseasonhasn’tevenstartedyet,butwealreadyhavethephotooftheyear.(2022-23賽季大學(xué)籃球賽季還沒有開始，但我們已經(jīng)有了年度照片)”可知，這里指拍攝的到的照片走紅。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這張照片現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)瘋傳，照片上邁克爾·麥圭爾和他的兒子坐在周六在肯塔基州東部舉行的藍(lán)白隊(duì)比賽的看臺上。A.taught教；B.gone離開；C.played玩耍；D.watched觀看。根據(jù)上文“Saturday’sBlueWhiteGamethatwas”指進(jìn)行比賽，