英語新人教必修1課堂導(dǎo)學(xué)unit5nelson mandelaa modern hero

Mandelawasoncea(n) beforeheformedtheANCYouthLeague. C.goldminer D.adviserforthe答案Eliascouldn’tgoonwithhisstudyatschool hewasatheschoolwashewastheschoolswereforthe答案WhydidEliasthinkthedaywhenhemetMandelawasoneofthehappiestdaysinhisBecauseheadmiredMandelatooBecauseitwastochangehisBecauseMandelagavehimaBecausehewasabletojointhe答案Thefifthparagraph ls ofthevotingrightofthethepovertyofthethelifeofthethelifeofthe答案WhydidEliashelpMandelablowupsomeernmentbuildingsthoughhehimselfdislikedBecausehewasorderedbyBecausehebelievedhewasngsomethingBecausehehatedthewhitestooBecauseheadmired答案THERESTOF WhydidMandelastartaschoolintheBecausehewantedtobeaBecausehewantedtoeducatethosewith knowledgeBecausehewasorderedtodothatbytheprisonBecausehewasaskedbythosewhohadstudied答案WhatdidtheystudyforaccordingtotheTheywouldgetTheywouldbesetThey eeducatedcitizensofNewSouthTheyjuststudiedforfunintheirspare答案Itseemsthattheemployerspreferredtohire whohadwhowereoncewhowerewhohadlittle答案Eliaslosthisjob hewasahewasonceahewasnotbetterheonceworkedfor答案EliasthoughthewasnotabletoshowvisitorsaroundRobbenIslandasaguidebecause A.hewasnotfamiliarwithRobbenIslandC.hisimprisonmentlifeontheRobbenIslandwastooterribletoC.hehadntmuchtravelingD.hewastoobusyworkingfortheNewSouthHefoundedthefirstRepublicin in1911aftermanyyears’fighting.Hestronglybelievedinthethreeprinciples:nationalism;peoplesrights;people’slivelihood.他經(jīng)過多年的奮斗,于1911年創(chuàng)建了中國(guó)的第一。他強(qiáng)烈信奉三義:民族、民權(quán)剖析:founded是found的過去式,意為“創(chuàng)立,建立”;believedin意為“信奉”；principle意為“原則；主義”。HegaveuparichlifeforhisideasandfoughtforhiscountrytobefromtheUKinapeaceful他為了自己的觀念放棄了富有的生活,為了讓他的祖國(guó)以和平的方式擺脫英國(guó)的、得剖析:gaveup意為“放棄”；forhiscountrytobefromtheUKinapeacefulway是forsb.todo句式,在句中作目的狀語。Hehelpedtheblackpeopletogetthesamerightsaswhite剖析:helpsb.todosth.意為“幫助做某事”。thesame...as...是一個(gè)固定句式,thesame修飾一個(gè)名詞,或本身就是先行詞時(shí),后面的定語從句用關(guān)系代詞as引導(dǎo),as在從句中作主語、賓語、表語。再如:Youarethesame asIwanttoworkwith.你是與之一起工作的那種ThetimewhenIfirstmetNelsonMandelawasaverydifficultperiodofmy第一次見 剖析:Thetime作句子的主語,whenIfirstmetNelsonMandela作為定語從句,time。The whenNelsonMandelatoldmewhattodoandhelped 主 系動(dòng)oneofthe daysofmyThiswasatimewhenonehadgottohaveapassbooktolivein剖析:atime指一段時(shí)間,when引導(dǎo)的定語從句。atime后的定語從when引導(dǎo)。再如:I’mlookingforwardtoatimewhenI’mholidayingintheseashore.SadlyIdidnothavethispassbookbecauseIwasnotbornthereandIwasworriedaboutwhetherIwouldbeoutofwork.剖析:sadly在句中作狀語意為令人感到傷心地是”。用法相同的詞還有surely(無疑),obviously(顯然地),frankly(坦率地說),naturally(自然地),luckily(或happily)forsb.(算幸運(yùn)),fortunay(幸好地),strangely(奇怪地),honestly(真誠地),briefly(簡(jiǎn)單地說)等。Thelastthirtyyearshaveseenthegreatestnumberoflawsstopourrightsandprogress,untiltodaywehavereachedastagewherewehavealmostnorightsatall.過去30年來所出現(xiàn)的大量法律我們的權(quán)利,阻擋我們的進(jìn)步,一直到今天,我們還處在的不同思維方式和表達(dá)習(xí)慣。再如:Theyear1949witnessedthefoundingofthe .1949年中民成立 wewereputinapositioninwhichwehadeithertoacceptwewerelessimportant,orfight剖析:inwhich...position。inwhich也可換為where。再如:Canyouthinkofapositioninwhichthewordcanbeused?你能想到一個(gè)這個(gè)單詞可能被使用的情景嗎？either...or...“要么……要么……”;“或者……或者……,”連接兩個(gè)并Itwasaprisonfromwhichnooneescaped剖析:fromwhichnooneescapedfrom的定語從句,修飾前面的prison。這一句也可解釋為:Nooneescapedfromtheprison.escapefrom是一個(gè)常見的搭配,意為“從……中Hetaughtusduringthelunchbreaksandtheeveningswhenweshouldhavebeen剖析:shouldhavedone表示“本來應(yīng)當(dāng)做某事,而實(shí)際上并沒有做”,它表示說話者的一種責(zé)備、Youshouldhavebeenmorecarefulinthisexperiment. n.【典型例句Iwantmeatofthebest我要質(zhì)量最好TheyspokeofhisfinequalitiesasamodernOnequalityofthissticisthatitis unbreakable【知識(shí)小結(jié)quality表示“質(zhì)量”時(shí),是不可數(shù)名詞;表示人的品質(zhì)時(shí)是可數(shù)名詞。例如:Shehasmanyfinequalities.她有很多優(yōu)秀品質(zhì)。【相關(guān)tyn.數(shù)量。例如atyof/largetiesof“大量的”,修飾可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞。inties大量地Modestyis Thisnewmodelis andisnotexpensiveeither.Thereis wine(4)一直在購進(jìn)大量白銀Theernmenthasbeenbuying 答案oneofhisgoodofhighasmalltyingreatloseheart【典型例句Don’tloseheartwheninfaceofdifficulty,forawayoutwillcome遇到時(shí)不要喪氣,總會(huì)有出路了Theteamhadwonnogamesandtheylost【知識(shí)小結(jié)loseheartheart是抽象名詞,【相關(guān)heart構(gòu)成的習(xí)語breakonesheart使人難過\heartandsoul全心全意hearttoheart誠懇地,貼心地takeheart鼓起勇氣,learnsth.byheartputonesheartintoTom’sfailureinthe Weshouldservethe (3)Foroveranhourwesattheretalking (鼓起勇氣)andcompletethetask.He (100個(gè)新單詞inoneWeall (專心于our答案brokehisparents’heartandhearttotakelearn100newwordsbyputourheartintrouble【典型例句HealwaysoffershishelpwhenIaminHeisintroubleagain,becausehehasbroken windowHeisintroublewiththe overdrugs. 【相關(guān)introubletrouble是不可數(shù)名詞,但有時(shí)也可作可數(shù)名詞用,例如:Theboyisreallyatroubletotheclass.askfortrouble口自討苦吃You’llaskfortroubleifyoubreakthebeintroubleswith和……Tomisalwaysintroubleswithhisdon’ttroublegetintotrouble招致不幸,陷入困境,處getoutoftrouble(使)擺脫不幸/困境使)免受責(zé)罵/havetroublewith有……病痛/麻煩例如:I’mhavingtroublewithmystomach.I’lltroubleyouto...勞駕你maketrouble鬧事,takethetrouble盡力設(shè)法;havetrouble(in)ngsth.做某事有麻Didyouhavetroublefindinghisputsb.totrouble給添麻煩Wheneverwe’rein ,wemustneverlose ,buttrytothinkofthewayout.A.thetrouble;ourheartD.trouble;ourheart提示:句意:每當(dāng)我們處于困境時(shí),我們決不喪氣,而是盡力想出路。introuble,loseheart慣短語,troubleheart都是抽象名詞。答案:CSometimeschildrenhavetrouble factfromfictionandmaybelievethatsuchthingsactuallyexist.toforseparatingD.ofseparating提示:句意:有時(shí)候孩子們很難把事實(shí)與虛構(gòu)的文學(xué)作品區(qū)別開來,在。此題用havetrouble/difficultyin ng句式,介詞in可省略。IfIsayno,thebosswill (找麻煩forI’msorrytohave (給你添了那么多麻煩)Will (麻煩toanswerthis答案makeputyoutosomuchtakethe n.【典型例句Itakethisseriously.It’samatterofWeshouldfollowtheprincipleofseeking【相關(guān)againstone’sprinciple自己的原則asamatterofprinciple作為原則的問題byprinciple按照原則,根據(jù)原則inprinciple基本上,ontheprincipleof根據(jù)……sticktoonesprinciples 答案ThesemachinesbothworkonthesameWesticktotheprinciplethateveryoneshouldbetreatedTheyagreetothenin 【典型例句anearly HeadvisedanmetostartHeadvisedanstarting thatIshouldstartearly.Couldyouadvisemewhattodo【知識(shí)小結(jié)sth.

nottodosth.勸 （不）做某

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建 應(yīng)做某 himtogiveupyingcomputergames,butI lookingupthedictionarytoaskingtheteacherforhelp.提示:只有prefer后跟ngsth.tongsth.。 vt.&vi.【典型例句HeatelunchandthenhisHecontinuestoprogressinhis The forseveralhoursuntildarknesscameWe’llcontinuewithourwork.【相關(guān) ng,continuetodo和goon ng具有同樣的意思,都表示“繼續(xù)做同一件事,連續(xù)goonwith和continuewith的用法相同,后接名詞,goontodo表示接著做另一件事。Takingthiskindofmedicine,if ,willpossiblydohimgreatharm.A.tocontinue提示:continue此處用作及物動(dòng)詞,if后面,Takingthiskindofmedicine是關(guān)系,所以要用過去分詞,if相當(dāng)于ifitis。答案:BTheteacher astoryafterheworkedouttheproblem.A.continuewith C.went D.went worryabout【典型例句Firstofall,don’tworryaboutbeingshort.Itreallydoesn’tParentsseemtobeworriedabouttheirdaughterssafety.【相關(guān)beworriedabout(為……)發(fā)愁，著急(強(qiáng)理狀態(tài))worrysb.使焦急擔(dān)心Thebaby’sillness hismotherverymuch.C.wasworriedD.wasworried提示：worrysb.“使焦急”。句意：小孩的病使媽很擔(dān)心。outofwork【典型例句NewjobsareneededbecauseanumberofpeopleareoutofI’mbeginningtofeeloutof【相關(guān)outofcontrol失控outofrepair失修outofdate過時(shí)outofsight看不見outofonesreach夠不著Nogoods producedinthefactory.Nowtheworkersare B.is;outofD.are;outof提示：goods表復(fù)數(shù)意義，謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)。outofwork“失業(yè)”positionn.【典型例句Canyoushowmethepositionoftheschoolonthis你能在這張地圖上給我學(xué)校的位置嗎?Hehasagoodpositioninaernmentoffice.他在機(jī)關(guān)里擔(dān)任一個(gè)好職務(wù)。Thepositionisverycritical.【相關(guān)inposition在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢?outofposition在不適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢?不得其所takeupaposition采取某種立場(chǎng)/態(tài)度takeupthepositionthat主張,認(rèn)為Neitheroftheyoungmenwhohadappliedfor intheuniversitywasA. 提示:句意:這兩個(gè)年輕人,申請(qǐng)上大學(xué),但誰都沒有被錄取。position此處指大學(xué)中的一個(gè)學(xué)生位置。situation形勢(shì),情形;condition狀況,條件。答案 vt.接受；認(rèn)可vi.同意；承認(rèn)【典型例句HeacceptedapresentfromhisTheastronautacceptsdangerasbeingpartoftheIcan’tacceptyouasmyHewouldn’tacceptthatsmokingwasharmfulto【相關(guān)acceptreceiveaccept表示上接受。receive表示客觀上收到WereceivedmuchhelpfromourThenewtheoryiswidelyaccepted.TheHopeProjectaimsathelmorechildreninpoorareasto receive。答案Yogaiswidely asausefulmeansofkeefit.提示:句意:被廣泛認(rèn)為是一種的有用。beacceptedas被認(rèn)為是答案blowup【典型例句CanyoulendmeapumptoblowupmybicycleTheterroristsarethreateningtoblowupthehijacked【相關(guān)Jimhasjustblownblowoff離開；離去。例如：Agustofwindblewmyhatoff.AgustofwindblewtheflickeringcandleIhavetogetthefronttires Janeblewthebirthday andsaidawishforTheenemy allthebridgesinthisWearrivedlatebecausethefronttire ontheThestormblewitself afterfivedays． 相等的；【典型例句DividethecakeintoequalShefeelsequaltothebeequaltosth.指做某事的權(quán)利和能力【相關(guān).“Noneofuscanequalher,eitherinbeautyorasabetheequalofoneswords說到做到bewithoutequal無比；無敵beequaltoequalpayforequalwork同工同酬It’sreasonableto equalpayforequalequallypayforequallyequalitypayforequalityequalpaytoequal提示:equalpayforequalwork“同工同酬”，為固定搭配。 答案:Everybodyhadanequalchance.(3)所有的人生來都是的。 答案:Allmenarecreatednn【典型例句

HisterrorwassogreatthathecoulddoHeisaperfectHishairstoodonendwith【知識(shí)小結(jié)【相關(guān) vt.使, adj.令人的 adj.害怕的beaterrorto使……的人/事;對(duì)……是一errorof對(duì)……,十分害怕 Hewasaterrortohis Heisaterrorfor 答案ShescreamedinMyeldersisterhasaterrorof(3)Sheletoutascreamofterror. 【典型例句Thereisnothingtofear.沒有什么可怕的。Ifearthatyou’llbelateifyoudon’tgonow.【相關(guān) 大膽；；無forfearthatinfearof恐怕……(人或事)；為……outoffearforfearof因害怕……(事物)—Itistoodark,andthereisnoresident— 提示:Neverfear!“不用怕！”B、C、Dbe。Hedoesn’tdaretowalkinthedarkstreet shemightmeetwithaghost.A.forfearof B.forfearthatC.outof D.infear提示:只有forfearthat后可接從句。nnvt.【典型例句

HeworkedhardallhislifebutwithoutmuchByrights,halftherewardshouldbemine.WinnerswillberewardedatriptoHewillsoonerorlaterberewardedforhiswicked【相關(guān)asarewardfor作為(對(duì)某事的)/獎(jiǎng)賞inrewardof作為；為酬答……rewardsb.with...forsth.為某事而以……報(bào)答OldSamtookupthecleaningtaskoftheneighborhoodforfiveyearswithout A. 提示:此句要用rewards表示“報(bào)答；”； 指“”；results“結(jié)果”；prizes“獎(jiǎng)金”?！?500,butthisismylast—OK,itis 提示:Itisadeal.就這么辦,一言為定。setup【典型例句Theysetupacommitteetoinvestigatethe他們成立了一個(gè)來這件事Theschoolhassetupaspecialclasstohelppoor【相關(guān)setupsetup除了表示建立某個(gè)機(jī)構(gòu)、設(shè)施外,還可用來表示“豎立；建起；貼出；裝置；樹立等”。TheysetupsomestonesaslandAnimprovisedtformwassetupinthemarketTheysetupanoticeonthewall.Microphonesweresetupinfrontofthespeaker’ssetup/build/foundWe’vesetupaThehouseisbuiltof注意:buildup表示“發(fā)展,增加”HisbusinesshasbeenbuiltWhenwasthenewcitysetaboutngsth.著手做某I’llsetaboutpreparingsupper．我去做晚飯。setout出發(fā)；開始；闡述；陳列Theysetouttoperformtheoperation．setoff動(dòng)身；Aletterfromhomesetoffanattackofsetasidesetdown放下；記下Aspecialexpertteamhasalreadybeen tomakecloseresearchonthewildlifeanditsbuilt B.pickedC.setup D.takenup提示:setup表示“建立”。 thehobbyoffishingasachild.A.builtup B.setupC.kept D.took提示:tookup從事，；builtup發(fā)展,增大；setup建立；keptup保持?！狧owdid —Myexperiencehelpsalot,infact.IhadlivedinPariswithmyauntfor2yearsbeforeIcametobuild B.pickC.set D.set提示:pickup表示“學(xué)會(huì)；偶然獲得”。Everymorninghespends45 ngphysicalexercises hisbuildtakekeepset提示:buildup表示增強(qiáng)體質(zhì)。In1927BenjaminFranklin oneofthefirstadulteducationorganizations,agroupcalledtheJunto. 提示:此處的意思是“創(chuàng)立,創(chuàng)新”,foundedfoundfind的過去式,表示“發(fā)現(xiàn)”;set后up可以用在此句中,表示“建立”。built表示建造、建設(shè)。答案【典型例句Onlyinthisway,canyoulearnEnglishOnlyafterbeingaskedthreetimesdidhecometotheOnlychildrencantakethese【知識(shí)小結(jié)only修飾主語時(shí),不要用倒裝。Ifailedinthefinalexaminationlasttermandonly theimportanceofA.IIhadhadIdidI提示:onlythen放到第二個(gè)分句的句首,該分句用部分倒裝句式。realize借助于助動(dòng)詞beto【典型例句Youarenottodothat.Youaretoreporttothe.你應(yīng)該TheyaretogetmarriedinThisexperiencewastochangehisWesearchedeverywhere,buttheringwasnowheretobeIfitweretorain,wewouldhavetocancelthematchWeweretohavegoneawaylastweek,butIwas【知識(shí)小結(jié)(5)表示假設(shè),非真實(shí)情況時(shí),bewere形式。(6)was/weretohavedone結(jié)構(gòu)可以表示未能實(shí)現(xiàn)的計(jì)劃。Thedanceperformedbythedisabledactorsisreallyahit,butyearsagonoonecouldhaveimaginedthey suchgreatsuccess.weretoweretohaveweregoingtowere會(huì)取得那么大的成功。weretoachieve此處表示“不可改變運(yùn)”。答案No thebuildingwithoutthepermissionofthetoisabouttoleaveD.isto提示:該句有“命令”語氣；betodo可表示“命令”。再如:Youaretocomebefore2p.m.你一定要在下午兩點(diǎn)以前來。答案 ng/bestoppedfrom Nothingcanstopme(from) ngwhatIwant.Childrenshouldnotbestoppedfromspeakingouttheirown【知識(shí)小結(jié) ng中的from在主動(dòng)語態(tài)中可省略,在語態(tài)中不可省【相關(guān)prevent和keep的意思與stop相同。prevent...from ng在主動(dòng)語態(tài)中也可省略from,在語態(tài)中不可省。keep后面的from在兩種情況下都不能省略from。例如:Yourquickreactionpreventedanaccident(from)你的快速反應(yīng)了一場(chǎng)事故的發(fā)生Nothingcankeepmefromngthat.—Youshouldhaveattended ceremonyyesterday,whatwasit —Oh,myfatherwassuddenlyill,andIhadtosendhimtohospital.提示:stoppedstoppedyoufromattendingtheopeningceremonyThetouringpartywasstoppedsettingoffas答案:stopped后加4.not++than/no+【典型例句TheywerenoclevererthanmeThisnovelisnomoreinterestingthanthatone.＝NeitherthisnovelnorthatoneisThisnovelisnotmoreinterestingthanthatone.＝Thatnovelismoreinterestingthanthis【知識(shí)小結(jié)no++than對(duì)進(jìn)行比較的雙方都否定,意為“A并不比B……多少”。not++than表示前者不如后者……Dr. e thanyours.Ican,also,earnasmany dollarsanonotnonot提示:句意:醫(yī)生,我的收入并不比你的要少多少,我也能夠一個(gè)月掙5000。根據(jù)句答案do/did【典型例句Tomygreatjoy,thentdidlookexactlylikewhatwewerelookingHedoesworkhardandfinishthejobinDocomeandseeussome【知識(shí)小結(jié)在肯定句的謂語動(dòng)詞之前(通常是現(xiàn)在時(shí)和過去時(shí)的肯定句),do(does/did)來強(qiáng)在肯定的祈使句中,do來加強(qiáng)語氣,可譯成“務(wù)必,一定,千萬”?！猋oushouldhavereturnedthebooktothelibrary—ButI. Don’tyouknow? 提示:ButIdid.的意思是“但是我的確還了書”。DodropinmeagainnexttimeyoucometoBeijing, A.doyou B.don’tyouC.will D.won’t提示:這是一個(gè)肯定式的祈使句,反意疑問句是willyou。thefirsttime【典型例句IwasabitshythefirsttimeImetYou’dlikethepaintingthefirsttimeyousaw【相關(guān)表示時(shí)間的名詞短語也可用來引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句:theminute,themoment,everytime,thelastThemomenthereachedthecountry,hestartedhisEverytimeIsawthestrawhat,itremindedmeofthetourImadeyears每當(dāng)我看到那頂草帽,它就使起幾年前的那次旅游。 Iwrotealittlepoem,Iconfidentlyceditrightonmyfather’steonthediningroomThefirstAtItwasthefirstForthefirstthefirsttime引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。

定語從句when表示時(shí)間，在從句中作時(shí)間狀語。例如：Iwillneverforgetthedaywhenweparted.(=onwhichweThetimewhentheyhadtoleavefinallyarrived.(=atwhichtheyhadtoGreatchangeshavetakenceinthecitywherehewasborn.(=inwhichhewasborn)Thatwasthecewheretheaccidenthappened.(=atwhichtheaccidenthappened)Doyouknowthereasonwhyitissohotthissummer?(=forwhichitissohotthissummer)Thereasonwhytheychangedthenisunknown.(=forwhichtheychangedthen)Iwastheonly inmyofficewhowasinvited.Thisisthebookforwhichyouasked.TheyreturnedtotheballroomwheretheydancedtolookforherWewenttoseeXiaoLi,whoseparentshadgoneabroad.Mywatch,whichisveryold,stoppedagain.Inthe1870’s,whenMarxwasalreadyinhisfifties,hebegantolearn號(hào)分開。而非限制性定語從句則不然。試比較：Thisisthebest rbookthatIhaveeverThisisagood rbook,whichiscommonandeasytoShehasasonwhostudiesin她有個(gè) Shehasason,whostudiesinwhich或as引導(dǎo)。Jennywaslateagain,whichmadeherteacherangry.Thesportsmeetwasputoff,whichwehadn’texpected.②關(guān)系代詞asHeisgoodatmaths,asw