新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)2綜合訓(xùn)練15選10總結(jié)

【綜合訓(xùn)練15選10】

[U10]

Skillful熟練的,巧妙的occurred發(fā)生

appropriate適當(dāng)?shù)?，占用managed管理,負(fù)責(zé)

satisfactory滿意的，符合要求的conducted管理，引導(dǎo)

threat威脅，恐嚇attempted企圖的

hazard危險(xiǎn),冒險(xiǎn)succeed成功，繼任

competitions比賽，競(jìng)爭(zhēng)approached接近

conflict沖突，矛盾applied應(yīng)用,實(shí)施

existed生存，存在

Isitpossibletopersuademankindtolivewithoutwar?Warisanancientinstitution，whichhasexisted

foratleastsixthousandyears.Itwasalwaysbadandusuallyfoolish,butinthepasthumanracemanagedto

livewithit.Forthepresent,itisatomicbombsthatcausethemostseriousdanger,butbacteriologicalor

chemicalweaponsmay,beforelong,offeranevengreaterthreat.ltseemstahtwewillneversucceedin

gettingridofwar.Todothis,weneedtopersuademankindtolookuponinternationalquestionsinanew

way,notascompetitionsofforce.Attitudesmustbechangedsothatvictoriesaren'tachievedbytheside

whichismostskillfulinkillingpeople,butaccordingtoagreedprinciplesoflaw.Itisnoteasytochangevery

oldmentalhabits,butthisiswhatmustbeattempted.

Nuclearwarmustbeavoid.Ofcourseverydifficultproblemsremainintheworld,butthespiritinwhich

theyarebeingapproachedisabetteronethanitwassomeyearsago.Ithasbeguntobethought,evenby

thepowerfulmenwhodecidewhetherweshallliveordie,thatnegotiationsshouldreachagreementsevenif

bothsidesdonotfindtheseagreementswhollysatisfactory.Ithasbeguntobeunderstoodthattheimportant

conflictnowadayscanbesolvedthoughtalks.

[U9]

genius天才，天賦hardship困難,苦難

genuine真實(shí)的count計(jì)算，認(rèn)為

discouraged勸阻，氣餒的converse交談，相反的

encourages鼓勵(lì)pity憐憫，同情

deserve應(yīng)受，應(yīng)得account解釋，導(dǎo)致

fulfill履行，實(shí)現(xiàn)contrary相反地

acquire獲得，取得while雖然,一會(huì)

but但是

Self-confidencegivesushope.Itisaservantwhogivesitsmasterlightwhenheisinthedark.Anditis

encouragementwhenapersonisdiscouraged.Apersonisafoolifhethinksthatheisunabletocarryouta

difficulttaskwhileothersdonotfinditdifficult.Itisneithergeniusnorextraordinaryabilitythatgivesusthe

powertodealwithandovercomewhateverhardshipwemeet.Intruthitisthemagicofself-trustthat

encouragesuswithbravery.

Somepeoplefindmostthingsimpossiblebecausetheydonottrusttheirownability.Actually,theyhave

theabilitytomakethemselvessuccessful,butitisapitythattheydonotbelieveinthemselves.Peopleofthis

kindaremorefoolishthanthosewhoactuallycannotfulfillthework.Thisisonaccountoftheirignorance.

Peoplewhocan'tdoajobarepardonable,butthosewhodonotbelieveinthemselvesdeservenoexcuse.

Inshort,successwillnotcometothedoorofapersonwhothinksheisnotworthyenoughtoacceptit.Onthe

contrary,failurewouldbehislifecompanion.Thisiswhyapersonoughttobelieveinhimself.

[U8]

powerfulrender

limitemployment

dominantappointment

removedcommunity

sufferedconnection

eliminatedinteraction

fustrateddisadvantage

provide

Employmentbecamewidespreadwhentheenclosuresofthe17thand18thcenturiesbegan.Itmade

manypeopledependentonpaidjobsbydeprivingthemoftheuseoftheland,andthusofthemeansto

providealivingforthemselves.Thenthefactorysystemdestroyedthecottageindustriesandremovedwork

frompeople'shomes.Later,astransportimproved,firstbyrailthenbyroad,peoplecommutedlonger

distancestotheirplacesofemplncment.Eventually,manypeople'sworklostallconnectionwiththeirhome

livesandtheplacesinwhichtheylived.

Meanwhile,employmentputwomenatadisadvantageasmenandwomenhadsharedtheproductive

workofthehouseholdandvillagecommunitv.Nov^itbecomescustomaryforthehusbandtogoouttopaid

employment,leavingtheunpaidworkofthehomeandfamilytohiswife.Taxandbenefitregulationslimit

moreflexiblesharingofworkrolesbetweenthesexes.

Itwasnotonlywomenwhoseworkstatussuffersd.Asemploymentbecamethedominantformofwork,

youngpeopleandoldpeoplewerenotincluded.Thisisaproblemnow,asmoreteenagersbecomefrustratedat

schoolandmoreretiredpeoplewanttoliveactivelives.

[U7]

stressretire

demandquit

challengeemployment

advantagesentertainment

benefitsfinancial

additionsuperficial

conclusioncreative

relax

Workaholismcanbeaseriousproblem.Trueworkaholics（工作狂）wouldratherworkthandoanything

elseandtheyprobablydon'tknowhowtorelax,thatis,theymightnotenjoymovies,sports,orothertypesof

entertainment.Mostofall,theyhatetositanddonothing.Thelivesofworkaholicsareusuallystressful,and

thistensionandworrycancausehealthproblemssuchasheartattacksorstomachulcers.Inaddition,typical

workaholicsdon'tpaymuchattentiontotheirfamilies.Theyspendlittletimewiththeirchildren,andtheir

marriagesmayendindivorce.

Isworkaholismalwaysdangerous?Perhapsnot.Thereare,certainly,peoplewhoworkwellunderstress.

Somestudiesshowthatmanyworkaholicshavegreatenergyandinterestinlife.Theirworkissopleasurable

thattheyareactuallyveryhappy.Formostworkaholics,workandentertainmentarethethesamethings.

Theirjobsprovidethemwithachallenge.Thiskeepsthembusyandcreative.Otherpeopleretirefromworkat

agesix-five.Workaholics,ontheotherhand,usuallyprefernottoquitworking.Theyarestillenthusiastic

aboutwork-andlife-intheireightiesandnineties.

Whydoworkaholicsenjoytheirjobssomuch?Thereareseveraladvantagestowork.Ofcourse,it

providespeoplewithpaychecks,andthisisimportant.Butitoffersmorethanfinancialsecurity.Itprovides

peoplewithself-confidence;theyhaveafeelingofsatisfactionwhenthey'veproducedachallengingpieceof

work.

[U6]

extendinguntil

suicidedirected

substitutingspreading

intentionallyinformed

communicatedunless

pointingconsciously

meaningaccompanying

indicating

Someofthemoreobviousformsofnonverbalcommunicationaregestures.Althoughwemaythinkof

themasmainlyhandandarmmovements,gesturescanbecommunicatedbyotherpartsofthebodyaswell.

Emblemsareonetypeofmovements.

Emblemsdonotneedspeechtocommunicatemeaning.Puttingthetipofanindexfingeronthetipofa

thumbupwiththeremainingfingerspointingupandspreadinRoutisanexampleofanemblem.This

recognizedsignfor"OK"or"success"doesnotneedanyaccompanyingwordtoidentifyit.

Emblemsnotonlyservethesubstitutingroleinnonverbalcommunicationbuttheyalsohavedirect

translation.Forexample,athumb-upsignmeans"yes"or"go".Acuppedhandbehindtheearmeans"Ican't

hearyou."wedon'twalkaroundwithourthumbsuporahandcuppedbehindourear.Unlesswearesending

anonverbalmessagetosomeone.Thesemessagesareconsciouslysentandwemusttakeresponsibilityfor

them.Nonverbalmessagesthathavedirecttranslationandexactmeaning,whicharedirectedataspecific

receiver,andconsciouslysent,areemblems.Emblemsarealsodifferentacrosscultures.IntheUnitedStates,

poiminRyourindexfingeratyourtemplewiththethumbuprightmeans"shootingyourselfinthehead".In

Japan,anemblemdescribingsuicideispushingaclosedfistnearyourstomachtodescribetheplungeofa

knifeinyourvitalorgans.

[U5]

specifyappointment

definecampaign

quitapplied

retireclaimed

kickcarriedout

bantakein

forbidembrace

interview

Jobseekersarediscoveringthatsmokingcanendangertheircareers.Newspaperclassifiedadvertisements

frequentlyspecifythatemployersarelookingfor"nonsmokersonly."Oneofthefirstquestionsaskedofthe

personwhoapplicantsforthejobatVanguard日ectronicToolinRedmond,Washington,is"Doyousmoke?'*If

theanswerisyes,theinterviewisover.Thatisperfectlylegal.Ontheotherhand,federallawsforbidan

employertodiscriminateonthebasisofrace,sex,religion,ormaritalstatus.

Manysmokersmaysecretlywelcomethecompany'scampaianagainstsmoking.,saysRobertRosner,

executivedirectoroftheSeattle-basedSmokingPolicyInstitute,aconsultingfirmthatadvisescompanieson

howtoformulatesmokingpolicies."Thefactismostsmokerswanttoquit."Manyofthemembracethenew

corporateactivismasanincentivetogiveuptobaccoonceandforall.AtRhodeIsland'sNewportDailyNews,it

wasthesmokerswhovotedtobansmokingfromtheworkplaces.

Moreandmorecompanieshavecarriedoutrestrictionsonsmoking.Thesecompaniesareattemptingto

helptheiremployeeskickthehabit.BMCSoftware,aTexascompanythatprohibitssmokingonthejob,has

sentemployeestoanti-smokinghypnosissessions.Thefivesessionscostemployees$30,butiftheystayoff

cigarettesforfourmonths,themoneywillberefunded.

[U4]

acquiresignaled

obtainrecognition

fulfillconflicts

compareencounters

matchclose

deniedavailable

grantedappropriate

admitted

Oneofthemoreimportantcommunicativetasksmayconfrontatraveler.Thatistherecognitionofwhen

aspeakerhassaid"no."Thatis,oneneedstobeabletorecognizethatarespondenthasrefusedordenied

whatthespeakerhasdemanded,solicited,oroffered.Equally,oneneedstoacquiretheappropriatemannerin

whichtorespondinthenegativewhenoffered,solicited,ordemandedsomething.ltis\rantedthatitis

sometimesdifficulttorecognizearefusalinone'smothertonguewheretheanswermightbeunclear.However,

inmanyencountersthemeaningcanbemadeclear.Thisispossibleifoneknowshowtoreadtheappropriate

signals.

Afirsttaskforthevisitorabroadistodiscoverwhichformsareusedtofulfillthisfunction.Ifwecompare

formandfunctionacrosscultures,itsoonbecomesclearthatoneformmaybeusedtomeandifferentthingsin

anotherculturethaninone'sown.Forexample,inTurkish"no"issignaledbymovingone'sheadbackwards

whilerollingone'seyesupwards.However,toanAmericanthismovementisclosetothesignalusedforsaying

"yes."Further,instillothercultures,headshakingmayhavenothingtodowithaffirmationornegation.In

partsofIndia,rollingtheheadslowlyfromsidetosidemeanssomethinglike"Yes,goon,I'mlistening."Thus,

asonegoesfromculturetoculture,formandfunctionmaynotmatch.Ifaforeignerwantstocommunicate

appropriately,hemustdevelopthecompetenceofsendingandreceiving"no"messages.

[U3]

promiseperformed

commitmentassociated

religionsreflected

indicationconsidered

accomplishedannouncing

purposerevealing

intentiondating

innocent

Aweddingiscelebratedwithsomekindofceremonyalmosteverywhereintheworld.Theceremonyis

differentamongdifferentnationsanddifferentreligions.Butwhateverformamarriageceremonymighttake,

itservestheimportantpurposeofannouncingtothecommunitythatamanandawomanhavebeenjoinedin

marriage.TheweddingceremonyintheWestmaybeareligiousoneperformedbyaclergyman,oracivil

ceremonyledbyacivilofficial,suchasamayororajudge.Oritmayonlybeacouple'sdeclarationbefore

witnessesoftheirintentiontomarry.Someyoungpeoplenowadayschoosetheirownmarriageceremony.

Manyofthecustomsassociatedwithweddingceremoniesdevelopedfromweddingcustomsofthe

earliesttimesandcamefrommanylands.Thewearingofabridalveilmayhavecomefromasuperstition

datingbacktoearlyGreekandRomantimes.Theveilisalsobelievedtohavebeenwornasa(n)intentionof

thebride'sstatus.Shewouldwearittoshowthatshewasinnocentandpure.

Theweddingringisthemostwidelyusedsymbolofmarriagetoday,asithasbeenforcenturies.Theword

“wedding“comesfromtheoldEnglishword"wed",whichmeans"promise".

DuringAnglo-Saxontimesa(n)promisetomarrywasmadecertainwhenthebridegroom-to-begavehis

sweetheartaring.Thering,acirclewithnobeginningorend,wasconsideredasymbolofeternity,Thethird

fingerofthelefthandwaschosenastheringfingerbecauseofthemistakenbeliefthataveinornerveruns

fromthefingertotheheart.

[U2]

competedchallenges

matchedconscience

allowedconviction

disagreedathlete

disturbedamateur

disgustedreligious

wedalmysterious

model

Everysporthasitsgreatlegends:soccerhasPele,basketballhasMichaelJordan.Isthereoneathletewho

peopleconsidertobethebestever?ManywouldsaythatpersonisboxerMuhammadAli,knowntohismany

fansas"thegreatest/

Attheageoftwelve,hebeganboxing;bythetimehereachedhighschool,hewasasuccessful

amateur（業(yè)余）boxer.Afterwinningsixstateandtwonationalboxingchampionships,hecompetedinthe1960

Olympic,wherehewonagoldmedal.AftertheOlympic,hissuccessasaboxercontinued.

Themanwhocalledhimselfzthegreatest'stillfacedmanychallenges,though.AfterwinninghisOlympic

goldmedal,hereturnedhometotheUnitedStates.Hewasnotallowedtostayincertainhotelsoreatin

certainrestaurantsbecauseofthecolorofhisskin.Aliwasdisgusted（反感）withracismintheU.S.,sohethrew

hisOlympicmedalintoariver.

Alisurprisedtheworldagainin1966,notforhisboxingskills,butwithhisstrongreligiousbeliefsasa

Muslim.HedisaereedwiththeU.S.warinVietnamandrefusedtojointhearmy,whichallyoungmeninthe

U.S.hadtodoatthesametime.Asaresult,All'sheavyweighttitlewastakenaway,andhefacedgreattoubles

withthelaw.Aftersometime,Ali'swonwidesupportfromthepublicandfromhiscountry'sleders,whosaid

thattheyadmiredhimforactingaccordingtohisstrong,moralconviction.Noo