新高考高三英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)講義（七）書(shū)面表達(dá)“概要寫(xiě)作”對(duì)應(yīng)翻譯題訓(xùn)練（D）素材

新高考高三英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)講義（七）書(shū)面表達(dá)“概要寫(xiě)作”對(duì)應(yīng)翻譯題訓(xùn)練（D）關(guān)于高考概要寫(xiě)作的指導(dǎo)與訓(xùn)練，我要求學(xué)生根據(jù)原文所劃要點(diǎn)并結(jié)合原文理解，用中文概括出段落大意，然后用一句話翻譯出來(lái)。說(shuō)得簡(jiǎn)要一點(diǎn)，高考概要寫(xiě)作體現(xiàn)學(xué)生的中譯英水平。所以，如果學(xué)生能理解原文，抓住原文要點(diǎn)并能用中文概括出大意，那么，問(wèn)題的關(guān)鍵就是如何提升學(xué)生的翻譯能力。一、翻譯原題空氣污染airpollution隨著世界人口越來(lái)越多，空氣污染已經(jīng)成了嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題?？諝馕廴局饕獊?lái)源于四個(gè)不同領(lǐng)域：工業(yè)、能源業(yè)、交通運(yùn)輸業(yè)以及農(nóng)業(yè)。經(jīng)營(yíng)工廠，為火車、飛機(jī)和公共汽車提供動(dòng)力(power)都需要能源。幾乎所有這些能源都是通過(guò)燃燒燃料產(chǎn)生的，這就會(huì)造成空氣污染?？茖W(xué)家們正在研究對(duì)環(huán)境破壞較少的新的發(fā)電方法。同時(shí)，政府開(kāi)始意識(shí)到環(huán)保的重要性并采取相應(yīng)的措施。Astheworldpopulationexplodes,airpollutionhasbecomeasevereproblem.Airpollutionmainlycomesfromfourdifferentfields:industry,energy,transportationandagriculture.Energyisneededtorunfactoriesandprovidepowerfortrains,planesandbuses.Nearlyalltheenergyisproducedbyburningfuels,whichwillresultinairpollution.Scientistsarestudyingnewwaysofproducingelectricitythatcanbelessdamagingtotheenvironment.Meanwhile,thegovernmenthascometorealizetheimportanceofenvironmentalprotectionandtakeappropriatemeasures.二、單句翻譯①隨著世界人口越來(lái)越多，空氣污染已經(jīng)成了嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題。Astheworldpopulationexplodes,airpollutionhasbecomeasevereproblem.②空氣污染主要來(lái)源于四個(gè)不同領(lǐng)域：工業(yè)、能源業(yè)、交通運(yùn)輸業(yè)以及農(nóng)業(yè)。Airpollutionmainlycomesfromfourdifferentfields:industry,energy,transportationandagriculture.③經(jīng)營(yíng)工廠、為火車、飛機(jī)和公共汽車提供動(dòng)力(power)都需要能源。Energyisneededtorunfactoriesandprovidepowerfortrains,planesandbuses.④幾乎所有這些能源都是通過(guò)燃燒燃料產(chǎn)生的，這就會(huì)造成空氣污染。Nearlyalltheenergyisproducedbyburningfuels,whichwillresultinairpollution.⑤科學(xué)家們正在研究對(duì)環(huán)境破壞較少的新的發(fā)電方法。Scientistsarestudyingnewwaysofproducingelectricitythatcanbelessdamagingtotheenvironment.⑥同時(shí)，政府開(kāi)始意識(shí)到環(huán)保的重要性并采取相應(yīng)的措施。Meanwhile,thegovernmenthascometorealizetheimportanceofenvironmentalprotectionandtakeappropriatemeasures.三、你可以學(xué)到1.as"隨著"，作連詞，連接時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句；with作介詞的用法比較Astheworldpopulationrockets(up)/booms/explodes,airpollutionhasbecomeasevereproblem.Withtheboomoftheworldpopulation...Withtheexplosionoftheworldpopulation,...2.rocket,boom,explode同義替換詞"增加，增長(zhǎng)"rocketvi.(價(jià)格)猛漲，飆升;（社會(huì)問(wèn)題）急劇增多Freshfoodissoscarcethatpriceshaverocketed.新鮮食物非常匱乏，導(dǎo)致價(jià)格猛漲。Unemploymenthasrocketedupagain.失業(yè)人數(shù)再次猛增。Thetotalhasrocketedfrom100to500.總數(shù)從100猛增到500。boomv&n(數(shù)量的)激增;成功WiththeeconomyboominChina,ecologicalenvironmentisfacinggreatpressure.隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展，生態(tài)環(huán)境面臨著巨大的壓力。ExpertsworryinparticularaboutthepopulationboominAfrica.專家尤其擔(dān)心非洲的人口激增問(wèn)題。explodevi.突增；激增theexplodingworldpopulation迅猛增長(zhǎng)的世界人口Thepopulationexplodesto40,000duringthetouristseason.旅游季節(jié)，人口激增至4萬(wàn)。apopulationexplosion人口激增anexplosionofinterestinlearningJapanese學(xué)習(xí)日語(yǔ)的興趣陡然上升3.名詞作定語(yǔ)用法:說(shuō)明中心名詞的材料、用途、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、內(nèi)容、類別等。airpollution--空氣污染worldpopulation--世界人口healthproblems--健康問(wèn)題coffeecups--咖啡杯morningexercise--早操asportsmeet--運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)stonebridge--石橋womenteachers--女教師telephone?number--電話號(hào)碼weather?forecast--天氣預(yù)報(bào)papertigers--紙老虎welcome?speech--歡迎辭ahistory?teacher--歷史老師boyfriend--男朋友blood?pressure--血壓4.beharmfulto...bedamagingto...adj.對(duì)...造成破壞的；有害的；損害的cause

damageto...haveabadeffectonsb/sthdamagingconsequences/effects破壞性的后果/影響Leadispotentiallydamagingtochildren'shealth.鉛對(duì)兒童的健康具有潛在損害。Unfavourableweatherhashaddamagingeffectsonthisyear'sharvest惡劣天氣使今年的收成受到了損失。5.

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