2022年山東省棗莊市大學(xué)英語6級(jí)大學(xué)英語六級(jí)知識(shí)點(diǎn)匯總（含答案）

2022年山東省棗莊市大學(xué)英語6級(jí)大學(xué)英語六級(jí)知識(shí)點(diǎn)匯總（含答案）學(xué)校:________班級(jí):________姓名:________考號(hào):________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20題)1.

Newtonwasabletofindtheexactrelationshipbetween______andgravity.

2.

TheaveragethicknessofArcticicehasnowbeenreducedby______.

3.

Toensuretheirsales,sometobaccocompaniesstatedthattherewasstill"______"overtheeffectsofcigarettesonhealth.

4.Evenastheeconomyimproves,ajoblessexecutivemayfaceuptoayearormoreofunemployment.Thisisalotoftime,especiallyforhard-charginghigh-performerswhoarenotusedtohavinganyfreetime.Whilesomejobseekersspendhundreds--eventhousands--ofhoursdiscoveringdaytimetelevision,othersseentothriveonactivitiesthatboosttheirprofessionalcareersorresolvefamilyissueswhentheyaren'tworking.

Havinganextendedperiodoffreetimeintheprimeofone'slifecaninfactbeauniqueopportunitytofocusonvolunteerservice,professionaleducationorpersonalgrowth.

CommunityInvolvement

ForLisaPerez,thewakeupcallwasburnedporkchops.Anexecutivewhopreviouslyhadn'tbeenparticularlyinterestedinhomeandhealthhadbecomeobsessedwithhomemakingduringastintofunemployment.

Sherealizedthatcleaningandorganizingherhomewasn'thelpingherjobsearch.Nevertheless,"Imadelistsof'50thingstodoeveryday,"saysMs.Perez,apoliticalandpublic-relationsconsultantinScottsdale,Aliz."Myhousewasspotless,justsoI'dhavesomethingtodo."

Oneday,herboyfrienddidn'tarriveontimefordinnerbecausehehadtoworklate,andherporkchopsweremined.Shethrewafit."I'dneverbeenapersonlikethat,"shesays."SoIdecidedtostopfeelingsorryformyself,andgooutanddosomethingproductive."

Ms.Perez,35,resolvedtobecomeanactivevolunteerforthedurationofhersearch.Shegavehertimetoahealth-careconcern,ahousingprogramandapoliticalcampaign.

Theworkbolsteredherself-confidence."Volunteeringtakesthefocusoffofyou.Onethingyouhavethat'sstillvaluableisyourtime.And,ofcourse,youlearnthattherearethousandsofpeoplewithalifethat'smuchworsethanyours,"shesays.

Volunteerassignmentsarealsogreatwaystomeetpowerfulandwell-connectedpeople.Overasix-monthperiod,hervolunteeringevolvedintoworkingasapaidconsultantandthenasafull-timeemployee,ajobshestillholdstoday.Inall,shewasunemployedforeightmonths.

Beforeherjobloss,shethoughtshedidn'thavetimetovolunteerwhileworking."Now,eventhoughIhaveademandingjob,Istillvolunteer,becauseofwhatIgotoutofit",saysMs.Perez.

ConfirmingEducation

GeneBellavance,a36-yearoldinformation-technologyprojectmanager,tookanotherrouteduringhisunemployment.WhenhewaslaidofffromasteelcompanynearCleveland,heknewhisimmediateprospectswerebleak.Heexpectedhissearchtotakeayear.Hefacedadecision:takeajobthatwouldsetbackhiscareerorholdoutforanofferhereallywanted.Mr.Bellavancecashedouthispension,soldhishouse,unloadedthingshedidn'tneedatgaragesales,andrentedanapartmentwitharoommate.Thenhesays,"IsignedupforeverybenefitIcouldfind."

Buthewasn'tjustwaitingouttheyear.Hespentfilerestofhissearchupdatinghisskills,includingbecomingcertifiedinnewdatabaseandproject-managementsoftware."Youhavetoinvestinyourself,"Mr.Bellavancesays."Iestimatedwhattechnologywasgoingtobethemostbeneficialandchoseapplicationsthatweregoingtobepervasive,thatwererightformymarket,andthatweregoingtoensuretoppay."

InadditiontoincomefromtheoccasionalIT--consultingassignment,hereliedonacombinationofdisplaced-worker-retraininggrantsandunemploymentbenefits."Iwentoutandfoundtheclasses,submittedthepaperwork,anddealtwiththebureaucracy.Youhavetostayafterthem,keepingyourbenefitsmovingforward.It'suptoyoutomakeitworkwithyouroveralltransitionplan,"hesays.

Hisjobsearchwasonemonthshyofthefullyearhe'dexpected.Helookedforwork'duringhistrainingandsayshewouldhave

A.YB.NC.NG

5.

ColinAngleconsidersrobotsarenotsodifferentasto______.

6.

Manyfishesareabletoaltertheircolorationonlytocamouflagethemselves.

A.YB.NC.NG

7.

Whatdolocalresidentsclaimfor?

A.Theyaresickbecauseofyearsofpollution.

B.Theyaresickbecauseofindustriesontheirdoorsteps.

C.Theyaresickbecauseofpesticidesfromagriculture.

D.Theyaresickbecauseofairpollution.

8.

Bothfearsexpresstheconvictionthatgrowthinonepartoftheworldmustsomehowcome______.

9.

Athleteswhowinbronzemedalsarehappierbecausetheythink______.

A.theywouldhavewonthegoldmedalbyworkinghardalittle

B.theymighthavewonasilvermedaliftheyhadperformedalittlebetter

C.theyshouldwinthebronzemedalsincethey'dperformedverywell

D.theywouldhavelostthebronzemedalifthey'dperformedalittleworse

10.

______chatroomuserswillproceedtomeetfacetoface.

11.

Thestatisticsinthereportshowthattraditionalfamilylifehasdied,thoughtherearestillmanychildrenlivingwithbothparents.

A.YB.NC.NG

12.

MostEUcountrieshavethelowestbirthrateintheworldaccordingtothestatisticsgivenbytheCentre.

A.YB.NC.NG

13.

ThebeggarsinLondon______speakwithanyonewhotalkedaboutAmerica.

14.

Apreconditionforareadertolearntoreadrapidlyandwellisthathemusthavethenecessary______.

15.

Itis______thatcausemostofthedeathsinahurricaneortropicalstorm.

16.Awedding-planningworkermaybethesourceofhiscolleague'sangerbecause______.

A.thelatterisjealousoftheformer'shappiness

B.thelatterhastodosomeoftheformer'swork

C.theformermayforcethelattertohelpwiththewedding

D.thelattertendstomakemistakesundertheformer'sinfluence

17.

AccordingtoAristotle,knowledgeacquisitionsshouldbepriortoathletictrainingsincebothdevelopmentcouldnothappen_______.

18.

MostAmericanswouldpreferanorganizationalsysteminwhichtheyareresponsiblefor______.

19.Whichofthefollowingisnotabigadvantageofswimmingaccordingtothepassage?

A.Waterreducesthepressureonpeople'sjoints.

B.Swimmingworksmostofthemajormuscles.

C.Watercangreatlyincreasepeople'sfitness.

D.Swimmingcanburnthefatquiteeffectively.

20.

ThestoryofMirabelleillustratesacommonuseofgossip—itmakesthegossipingones______.

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20題)21.

【B9】

22.聽力原文：M：IranintoourfriendMarkyesterdayonthestreet，andhesaidhehadn'theardfromyoufortwomonths．

W:Yes，Iknow．ButI'vebeentoobusytophonehim.

Q：Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?

(15)

A.ThewomanreceivedaphonecallfromMarkyesterday.

B.ThemaninjuredMarkinatrafficaccidentyesterday.

C.Themanmetafriendbychance.

D.ThewomancontactedMarkonbusiness.

23.【B7】

24.(24)

A.Exposingoneselftothetargetculture.

B.Attendingregularlyagoodlanguageprogram.

C.Comingupwithastudyplan.

D.Developinggoodnote-takingskills.

25.(39)

26.聽力原文：W:IwillgotoTibetforholidaythissummer.Ihavedreamtforyearstogothere.Sowhat'syourholidayplan?

M:It'shardtosay.IfIpassthefinalexams,Iwillhavethemostfantasticholidayasmyparentshavepromisedme.ButifIdon't,itwillbethesameasthepreviousones.

Q:Whatwilltheman'sholidaybelike?

(14)

A.Itwillbethemostfantasticone.

B.Itwillbethesameasthepreviousones.

C.Itdependsontheman'sscoresintheexams.

D.ItwillbespentinTibet.

27.(21)

A.Thebusinessdoesn'tgoverysmoothly.

B.Themanhassometroubleonhiswayhere.

C.Thebossisnothappywiththespeech.

D.Theman'swifehadahardtimegivingbirth.

28.(44)

29.

【B2】

30.聽力原文：M:Youhaven'tgotthedatefixedforthejobinterviewyet,haveyou?

W:Thereisalongwaitinglist.Ihavetowaituntilmynamegetstothetop.Rightnow,Idon'tthinklcandoanythingexceptwaitingpatiently.

Q:Whatdowelearnaboutthewomanfromtheconversation?

(16)

A.Hernameisonthetopofthelist.

B.Sheisexpectingajobinterview.

C.Shewillbethelasttobeinterviewed.

D.Shemustfixadateforthejobinterview.

31.(29)

A.Language.B.Art.C.NaturalSciences.D.Physicalculture.

32.

【B11】

33.(17)

A.Ithascometoahalt.

B.Itwillprobablycontinue.

C.Itwillendbeforelong,

D.Itwilllastfortwoweeks.

34.聽力原文：M:Howaretheirtalksgoingon?Havetheyreachedanyagreement?

W:Theyonlyseemedtohaveagreedtosetanotherdateforfurthertalks.

Q:Whatcanweinferfromtileconversation?

(16)

A.Thetalkshaven'tstartedyet.

B.Thetalkshaven'tachievedmuch.

C.Thetalkshaveproducedageneralagreement.

D.Thetalksborkedownandcouldgonofurther.

35.聽力原文：M:Youlikelivinginthecity,don'tyou?

W:Oh,Iloveit.It'sso,convenient.Icantakethebustowork,orthesubway,orthetaxi.Andthereissomuchtodo.

M:Iknowwhatyoumean.I'dliketoliveinthecity,buttoliveinthesuburbsisbetterforchildren.

W:Well,therearealotofgoodthingsaboutsuburbanliving.But,asaworkingwoman,Ithinkacityhasalltheconveniences…includingthebestfoodandfastestnews.

M:Buttherearemoretrees,grassandfreshairinthesuburbs.

W:Yeah,butlivinginacity,it'sconvenienttogoeverywhere.Therearelotsofmoviehouses,theatersandsoon.Youcantakethemtothesuburbsontheweekends.

M:Yeah,childrenaretherightage.Therearelotsofthingsforthemhere.

W:Youareright.TheyareatthelibraryinBrooklyn.Andtheycomebackhomeforlunch,thengouptowntotheMuseumofNaturalHistory.Thereissomuchforyoungpeople,toseeanddo.

M:Notjustforyoungpeople.Whataboutme?I'veneverbeentotheMuseumofNaturalHistory.

W:NeitherhaveI.WhenIwasachild,IusedtogototheMuseumofArt.

M:I'vebeenthereseveraltimes.Twicewithchildren.

W:Well,Ihaveanidea.Nextweekend,wegototheMuseumofNaturalHistory.

M:Ok,that'sreallyaveryniceidea.

(23)

A.Theyarelookingforanapartmenttolivein.

B.Theyarediscussinglivingplacesandchildren'seducation.

C.Theyarecomplainingabouttheirchildren.

D.Theyareplanningforthenextweekend.

36.【B9】

37.聽力原文：W:ItwassaidinMarchthatthefamoussciencefictionwriterIsaacAsimov'snewbookwascomingoutinJuly.

M:Weprobablywon'tbeabletofindalibrarycopyuntilSeptember.

Q:WhenwillAsimov'sbookbepublished?

(17)

A.InJuly.B.InMarch.C.InSeptember.D.Inthewinter.

38.聽力原文：Therearetwofactorswhichdetermineanindividual'sintelligence.Thefirstisthesortofbrainheisbornwith.Humanbrainsdifferconsiderably,somebeingmorecapablethanothers.Butnomatterhowgoodabrainhehastobeginwith,anindividualwillhavealoworderofintelligenceunlesshehasopportunitiestolearn.Sothesecondfactoriswhathappenstotheindividual—thesortofenvironmentinwhichheisreared.Ifanindividualishandicappedenvironmentally,itislikelythathisbrainwillfailtodevelopandhewillneverattainthelevelofintelligenceofwhichheiscapable.

Theimportanceofenvironmentindetermininganindividual'sintelligencecanbedemonstratedbythecasehistoryoftheidenticaltwins,PeterandMark.Beingidentical,thetwinshadidenticalbrainsatbirth,andtheirgrowthprocesseswerethesame.Whenthetwinswerethreemonthsold,theirparentsdied,andtheywereplacedinseparatefosterhomes.Peterwasrearedbyparentsoflowintelligenceinanisolatedcommunitywithpooreducationalopportunities.Markwasrearedinthehomeofwell-to-doparentswhohadbeentocollege.Hewasreadtoasachild,senttogoodschools,andgiveneveryopportunitytobestimulatedintellectually.Thisenvironmentaldifferencecontinueduntilthetwinswereintheirlateteens,whentheyweregiventeststomeasuretheirintelligence.Mark'sI.Q.was125,twenty-fivepointshigherthantheaverageandfullyfortypointshigherthanhisidenticalbrother.Givenequalopportunities,thetwins,havingidenticalbrains,wouldhavetestedatroughlythesamelevel.

(30)

A.Humanbrainsdifferfrompersontoperson.

B.Thebrainapersonisbornwithisvitalindetermininghisintelligence.

C.Environmentiscrucialinfosteringaperson'sintelligence.

D.Personshavingidenticalbrainsaredoomedtohaveidenticalintelligence.

39.(28)

A.Whentheyarefeeding.

B.Whenitisraining.

C.Whentheyaresleeping.

D.Whentheyarebreathingtheair.

40.聽力原文：W:Leavemealone!I'veneverbeensohumiliated.Isthisthewayyoutreatyourcustomers?

M:I'msorry,Madam.Ihavetocheckyourhandbag.Ourhiddencamerahasdetectedsomethingsuspiciousaboutyou.

Q:Wheredoestheconversationmostlikelytakeplace?

(14)

A.Inasupermarket.

B.Inanadvertisingagency.

C.Atapolicestation.

D.Inacustomsoffice.

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20題)41.

Whycan'tbatsandadultowlsseecolorsaccordingtothepassage?

42.

Whatisthepropermeaningoftheword"cue"inthesecondparagraph?

A.CommunicationB.HintC.ExplanationD.Production

43.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

ThewritingoftheConstitutionoftheUnitedStatesisanactofsuchgeniusthatphilosophersstillwonderatitsaccomplishmentandenvyitsresults.Fifty-fivetypicalAmericancitizensmetandagruedfor127daysduringaferociouslyhotPhiladelphiasummerandproducedoneofthemagisterialdocumentsofworldhistory.Almostwithoutbeingawareoftheirgreatachievement,theyfashionedanearlyperfectinstrumentofgovernment,andIhavestudiedisfornearly70yearswithgrowingadmirationforitsutilityandastonishmentatitscapacitytochangewithachangingworld.Itisatestamenttowhatacollectionoftypicalfreemencanachieve.

IthinkthisisthesalientfactaboutourConstitution.Allothernationswhichwereinexistencein1787havehadtoaltertheirform.ofgovernmentintheinterveningyears.France,RussiaandChinahaveundergonemomentousrevolutions.StablenationslikeSwedenandSwitzerlandhavehadtochangetheirformsradically.EvenGreatBritain,moststalwartofnations,haslimitedsharplythepowerofitsmonarchanditshouseofLords.OnlytheUnitedStates,adheringtothepreceptsofitsConstitution,hascontinuedwiththesamefromofgovernment.Wearenotoftheyoungernationsoftheworld;wearetheoldestwhenitcomestohavingfoundthegovernmentwhichsuitsisbest.

Itisinstructivetorememberthe55menwhoframedthisdocument.ElderstatesmenlikeGeorgeWashingtonandBenjaminFranklincontributedlittletothedebatebutgreatlytothestabilityandinspirationoftheconvention.ThomasJefferson,perhapsthemostbrilliantAmericanofthosedays,missedthemeetingentirely;hewasondiplomaticdutyinFrance.Thehardcentralworkofdeterminingtheform.ofgovernmentseemstohavebeendonebyahandfuloftrulygreatmen:JamesMadisonandGeorgeMasonofVirginia,GrogerShermanofConnecticut,JamesWilsonandGouverneurMorrisofPennsylvania.AlexanderHamiltonofnewYorkdidnotspeakmuchbutdidexertconsiderableinfluence.

The55containedacollegepresident,abander,amerchant,agreatteacheroflaw,ajudge,amajor,aclergyman,astategovernorandasurgeon.Onesixthofthememberswereforeignborn.TwoweregraduatesofOxfordUniversity,oneofSt.AndrewsinScotland.Butthegroupalsocontainedsomerealnonentities,includingamilitarymanwhohadbeencourt-martialedforcowardiceduringtheRevolution,somewhocontributednothingtothedebate,andsomewhowerenotquiteabletofollowwhatwasbeingdebated.

WhatthismixofmendidwascreateamiracleinwhicheveryAmericanshouldtakepride.Theirdecisiontodividethepowerofthegovernmentintothreeparts-Legislative,Executive,judicial-wasamasterstroke,aswasthecleverwayinwhichtheyprotectedtheinterestsofsmallstatesbygivingeachstatetwoSenators,regardlessofpopulation,andtheinterestoflargestatesbyapportioningtheHouseofRepresentativesaccordingtopopulation.

ButIthinktheyshouldbepraisedmostlybecausetheyattendedtothoseprofoundprinciplesbywhichfreemenhavethroughthecenturiesendeavoredtogovern,themselves.TheaccumulatedwisdomofmankindspeaksinthisConstitution.

Whatisthemajorpoinythattheauthorismakinginthearticle?

A.TheConstitution,oneofthegreatdocumentsoftheworld,waswrittenbyfifty-fivemenofvaryingtalentsandbackgrounds.

B.TheConstitutionowesitsgreatnesstothefactthatishasneverchangedinachangingworld.

C.TheConstitutionwaswrittenbymanypeopleworkingtogethercooperatively.

D.TheConstitutionwaswrittenbymanypeople,allofwhomwerethinkersofthehighestorder.

44.Nowadaysintheschools______.

A.self-esteemisemphasizedastheultimategoalofone'spursuit

B.theself-esteemmovementhaslostitsmomentum

C.theideaofself-esteemboostsrealachievement

D.emphasisinself-esteemhelpstopromotetheideaofequality

45.

Howmanypointswillastudentloseifhemisspellsawordonacomposition?

46.

Accordingtothepassage,alinguistichierarchyofpoweris______.

A.aladderofsocialstatusdeterminedbyhismasteryofacertainlanguage

B.createdwiththenativespeakerofadominantlanguageonthetop

C.formedwiththenon-nativespeakerofadominantlanguageinthemiddle

D.alloftheabove

47.

Thelionrepresentsthosewhoare______.

48.

Fromthelasttwoparagraphs,weknowthat______.

A.theviolencewebsitepeddlersfeelsorryforthefamily'sloss

B.itispossibletopreventchildrengetaccesstotheviolenceporn

C.therehasbeenanexpandingconcernaboutothers'privacy

D.theauthorfeelspositiveabouttherebeingnorulesintheInternetworld

49.WhatdowelearnaboutSesameStreetfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?

A.Itrosetofamebecauseofthefirstlady'srole.

B.It'ssuccessfulandgainsinternationalpopularity.

C.Itstillhastowinalifetime-achievementaward.

D.ItisthemostsuccessfulshowinAmericanhistory.

50.

Callingtoabully'sparent____.

A.haslongexistedbutchangeditscontent

B.isoftendonewithcarefulthinking

C.oftenleadstoblamingandmisunderstanding

D.isusedtowarnthechildnottodoitagain

51.

Failuretoeffectivelydealwithinterpersonalconflictintheworkplacecould______.

A.leadtogettingfired

B.forceyoutomovetothewilderness

C.stallthedevelopmentofaperson'scareer

D.preventapersonfromenjoyinghisorherjob

52.

Accordingtotheauthor,theeducationobjectivesarepreparingstudentsforcollege,careerand______.

53.

WhatisthemaindifferencebetweenanelectronicbookandaLCDscreen?

A.Electronicink.

B.Theportabilitytheycometo.

C.Theconveniencetheymake.

D.Thecontenttheystore.

54.

Fromthepassage,wecandeducethatthemainpurposeofmostwrappingisto______.

55.

Inthesecondparagraphtheauthorusedanexampletoshowthat______.

A.anyrealestateagentshouldusedigitalstillcamera

B.digitalstillcamerashouldbeusedtogetherwithInternetWeb

C.digitalageisgainingmomentum

D.housedealingcanbemadeeasier

56.

Basicresearchisvitalbecause______.

A.itleadstoresultsthatcanbeappreciated

B.itisdrivenoutbyappliedresearch

C.itprovidesthebasisforscientificprogress

D.itsresultscannotbeanticipated

57.AmetalwithabuiltinmemoryisoneoftheveryusefuldiscoveriesmadeduringAmerica'sspaceprogram.NitinolwasdiscoveredbyscientistsworkingattheNavalSurfaceWeaponsCenter.Theywerelookingforheatshieldmetalsformissilesandsatellites,butwhattheyfoundwasnitinol.Thisalloycanbeformedintoshapesjustlikeanyothermetal,butitreturnstoitsoriginalform.atacertaintemperature.

Whenthisalloyofnickelandtitaniumisfirstformed,itisshapedintoingots,brickshapedmassesofthemetal.Thenitisdrawnoutintoawireofvaryingthickness,dependingonthejobitisdestinedtodo.Itissetintoitsdesiredcurveorshapeandheatedbriefly.Itisthencooledoffbydippingthewireincoldwater.This"sets"itsmemory.Themetalcanthenbeformedintoanydesiredshape,butwheneveritstemperatureexceedsitsroomtemperature,'itreturnstotheshapeithasmemorized.

Thismakesnitinolperfect,ofcourse,for,spacecraft,forantennas,probes,shields,andfolding"arms"madeofnitinolcanbestoredsafelyinsideaspacecraft,protectingthemfromdamageduringlaunching.Then,oncesafeinorbit,thespacecraftwouldsuddenly"grow"antennasandotherstructures.Thesun'srayswouldhavewarmedupthefoldedandcoilednitinol,anditwouldhavereturnedtoitsoriginalshape.

Butscientistshavefoundamoredowntoearthuseforthiswire:theynowuseittostrengthenteeth.Beforenitinol,teeththatneededstraighteninghavebracketsattachedtothem;wireswereattachedtothesetoexertapullintherightdirection.Butthispullmustbeconstant,andthestainlesssteelarchwirecannotexertthecorrectforceifithasbeenbentseveraltimesorifthetoothhasactuallymovedtowarditasplanned.Asaresult,manypeoplewithdentalbracesmusthavethewirereplacedmonthly,tightenedeveryfewweeks,oradjustedpainfullytightatthebeginningofthetreatment.

Butnitinolwirescanbeformedtoexertforceinacertaindirection,cooledofandthenreformedtofitthepatient'smouth.Asthemouthwarmsthenitinol,itbeginstotrytoassumeitspresetshape.Thisexertsasteadier,moreconstantpullonthetooththancouldeverbeachievedwithstainlesssteelwire.Nitinolcanbebentintosuchintricateshapes—whilemaintainingitspull—thatverydifficulttreatments,suchasmovingonetoothfrombehindanother,canbedonenowwithouttheexpenseorpainofconstantadjustment.Nitinolhascuttiletimeneededforthesetreatmentsbyalmosthalf,arealbenefitforbothpatientanddentist.

Themainideaofthispassageisthat______.

A.nitinolisahighlyversatilemetal

B.nitinolhelpedmakethespaceprogramasuccess

C.nitinolhasrevolutionizeddentalcare

D.mostalloyshave"memories"

58.Thefirstwaywecanapproachlanguageisasaphenomenonoftheindividualperson.Itisconcernedwith,describingandexplaininglanguageasamatterofhumanbehavior.Peoplesneakandwrite;theyalsoevidentlyreadandunderstandwhattheyhear.Theyarenotborndoingso;theyhavetoacquiretheseskills.Not.everybodyseemstodevelopthemtothesamedegree.Peoplemaysufferaccidentsordiseases,whichimpairtheirperformance.Languageisthus-seenaspartofhumanpsychology,aparticularsortofbehavior,thebehavior.whichhasasitsprincipalfunctionthatofcommunication.

Thetroublewiththeterm"behavior"isthatitisoftentakentoreferonlytomoreorlessovert,anddescribable,physicalmovementsandacts.Yetpartoflanguagebehavior.--thatofunderstandingspokenorwrittenlanguage,forexample--haslittleornophysicallyobservablesigns.Itistruewecansometimesinferthatunderstandinghastakenplacebythechangesthattakeplaceintheotherperson'sbehavior.Whensomeonehasbeenprohibitedfromdoingsomething,wemayinferthathehasunderstoodtheprohibitionbyobservingthatthereafterheneverbehavesinthatway.Wecannot,ofcourse,beabsolutelysurethathissubsequentbehavior.isaresultofhisunderstanding;itmightbeduetoalossofinterestorinclination.Sobehavior.mustbetakentoincludeunobservableactivity,oftenonlytobeinferredfromotherobservablebehavior.

Onceweadmitthatthestudyoflanguagebehavior.involvesdescribingandexplainingtheunobservable,thesituationbecomesmuchmorecomplicated,becausewehavetopostulatesomesetofprocesses,someinternalmechanism,whichoperateswhenwespeakandunderstand.Wehavetopostulatesomethingwecancallamind.Thestudyoflanguagefromthispointofviewcanthenbeseenasastudyofthespecificproperties,processesandstatesofthemindwhoseoutwardmanifestationsareobservablebehavior;whatwehavetoknowinordertoperform.linguistically.

Thisapproachtolanguage,asaphenomenonoftheindividual,isthusprincipallyconcernedwithexplaininghowweacquirelanguage,anditsrelationtogeneralhumancognitivesystems,andwiththepsychologicalmechanismsunderlyingthecomprehensionandproductionofspeech:muchlesswiththeproblemofwhatlanguageisfor,thatis,itsfunctionascommunication,sincethisnecessarilyinvolvesmorethanasingleindividual.

Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?

A.LanguageasMeansofCommunication

B.LanguageandPsychology

C.LanguageandtheIndividual

D.LanguageasaSocialPhenomenon

59.

WhatdoweknowfromthethreereportsissuedbytheJusticePolicyInstitute?

A.Theseteenagersarepotentialcriminalsinthefuture.

B.Theauthoritieshavebeenoverreactingtothesebehaviors.

C.Theseteenagersdeservethepunishment.

D.Theremustbesomethingmentallywrongwiththeseteenagers.

60.

Thepassagesuggeststhatlearningtospeakandlearningtorideabicycleare______.

A.notreallyimportantskills

B.moreimportantthanotherskills

C.basicallythesameinthatwelearnbypractisingandmakingchanges

D.quitedifferentintermsofthewayoflearning

四、5.ErrorCorrection(5題)61.

【S4】

62.

【S3】

63.

【S7】

64.

【S5】

65.

【S6】

五、6.Translation(5題)66.Theministertriedto__________(使那兩家重修舊好).

67.Whathesaid__________(讓我強(qiáng)烈地感到他會(huì)同意我們的計(jì)劃).

68.______(在某種程度上紐約本身就是一個(gè)世界)becausemanydifferentracesandethnicgroupsinterminglewitheachother.

69.Everybodyactsnotonlyunderexternalcompulsion_________________________(也要遵照內(nèi)心的需求).

70.People18to29arethemostmobileagegroup,______(他們過去的遷移模式?jīng)Q定了許多地區(qū)的未來發(fā)展).

參考答案

1.distancedistance解析：本題是考查對(duì)文章細(xì)節(jié)把握，答案在第七段第一句。由此可見，我們快讀一般要抓住段首句，因?yàn)槎问拙湟话闶侵黝}句所在。

2.40percent40percent解析：參見第2個(gè)小標(biāo)題B.GlobalWarming下的第3段：Alreadyscientistshavedetecteda40percentreductionintheaveragethicknessofArcticice．由此可知，北極圈的冰的平均厚度現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)減少了40%。

3.controversycontrove