高一年級寒假作業(yè) Week Four（全國卷）

【2022寒假作業(yè)】高一年級（全國卷）WeekFour本系列寒假作業(yè)共由4個模塊組成，分為【基礎(chǔ)夯實】、【閱讀訓(xùn)練】、【寫作實戰(zhàn)】、【外刊精讀】。DayOne【基礎(chǔ)夯實】一、詞匯（根據(jù)漢語提示寫出正確的單詞）Theyareoftenavailableata_______(折扣).Manwill_______(征服)nature.The_______(風俗)oflightingtheOlympicflamegoesbackcenturies.Weneedtoensureasmooth_______(過渡)betweentheoldsystemandthenewone.Whydon’tyouevergivemeflowers?Iwishyou’dbemore_______(浪漫的).Thereisstrong_______(證據(jù))ofalinkbetweenexerciseandahealthyheart.Itwas_______(慷慨的)ofhimtooffertopayforbothofus.Alexaskedmetochargethe_______(電池)forhim.The_______(工作室)hadalltheessentialslikeheatingandrunningwater.Thisisanatural_______(現(xiàn)象)thathappensaboutonceacentury.二、語法（定語從句）Thisrestauranthasaninviting,homelikeatmosphere________manyothersareshortof.Whetheryoulikeitornot,weliveinacommunity________onlinechattingisanimportantpartofcommunication.Eachgraduatestandingontheplayground,________wasaccompaniedbyaparent,wouldbeawardedadiplomabytheheadmaster.Themotherthankedtheyoungmanagainandagain,without________helphersonwouldhavebeenkilledbythepassingcar.Mygrandmotherlivedinageneration________womenwerelookeddownupon.—Howdoyouunderstandlife?—Itisaconstantmatch________thegreatestopponentisyourself.Thechildren,allof________hadplayedthewholedaylong,werewornout.Ourgrandma,________wecalled“Nanny”,wouldalwaysbakebreadadayahead.RecentlyIboughtanancientvase,thepriceof________wasveryreasonable.Therearemanygoodwebsites________youcancheckoutthelatestnewsinthescienceworld.三、語法填空Everyyear,morethan13billionplasticbottlesaresoldinBritain.Allofthem1.________(use)onlyonce,andonlyhalfofthemarerecycled.Somethinkplasticbottlesshouldbebanned(明令禁止).2.________thinktheyshouldberecycled.Othersthinkareturningplanshouldbebroughtintoavoidthe3.________(pollute)ofriversandseas.Thatistosay,peoplewillgetupto20pencebackeverytimetheyreturn4.________bottle.Areturningplanforbottlesisalready5.________(success)inGermany,where98.5%ofplasticbottlesarereturned.6.________(lucky),therearealreadysignsthatthingsarechangingforthebetter.Lastyear,Selfridgesstopped7.________(sell)single-usewaterbottles.LondonZooannouncedthatitwouldalsobanthem.Itsold155,000plasticbottlesofwaterlastyear.Nowitwillsellonlyreusableplasticbottles,8.________,canbefilledbyvisitorsfromtaps.Familiesvisitingbeachesthissummerarebeingaskedtotakepartinaplancalled“ReturnToOffender”.Theideais9.________(post)plasticbottlesandotherlittertheyfindbacktothe10.________(company)thatmadethem,usingtheirfreepostaddresses.四、改錯EveryonewasverysurprisingwhenIdecidedtotakepartinthe3,000-meterrace.OneofmyclassmatesaidIwasnotstrongenoughrun3,000meters.ButIwasdeterminedtofinishthem.Duringtherace,eachstepseemeddifficult.SuddenlyIfell,thusbreakmyglassesandmakingmelosethechancebywinning.However,Ididn’tgiveup.Istoodup,putonmybrokenglassesandkeeponrunning.“Comeon!Youcandoit!”Allpeopleonthesportsfieldwerecheeringwildforme.AlthoughIwasalastonetocrossthefinishingline,butIwontheCourageCup.DayTwo【閱讀訓(xùn)練】一、閱讀基礎(chǔ)AWelcomehere!TheSouthernSpringHome&GardenShowwillbeheldattheconference2022).Admission:Adults$10.00.Teenagersunder15freewithapayingadult.JoinLincolnton’sownTammieDavisassheperformsheroriginalcountrysongsat6:30p.m.onSaturday,March5.SpecialDays:TheSpringforKidsFirstNightGalabenefitingtheCouncilforChildren’sRightswilltakeplacefrom7p.m.to10p.m.onWednesday,March2,2022.Ticketsare$50andincludeanaccesstoFreedomHall,whereyoucanenjoydeliciousfood,beverage(飲料)andentertainmentfreeofcharge.SeniorsDay(55+):Wednesdayisforthem.Costis$7.00butwithoutcoupons(優(yōu)惠券).Hours:Wednesday,Thursday&Sunday:10a.m.—5p.m.;Friday&Saturday:10a.m.—9p.m.Wheelchairsareavailableonafirst-come-first-servedbasisforyou.Thecostis$1.00andyouarerequiredtoleaveavaliddriver’slicenseorID.Parking:AllDayParking$6.00;HalfDayParking$3.00;EveryHourParking$1.00ForMoreInformation:CometovisitMardeeWoodwardinperson.E-mail:mwoodward@southernshowsTelephone:704-376-40851.Wecanlearnfromthetextthattheshowwill_____.A.takeplaceinaprivatehouse B.offerfreeparkingC.havetheonlyonesinger D.lastonlyfivedays2.Howmuchistheadmissionforafamilyoftwogrown-upsandachildaged16?A.$30. B.$10. C.$20. D.$40.3.Wecaninferfromthetextthat_____.A.oldpeoplecanvisittheshowonlyonWednesdayB.therearenotenoughwheelchairsforthedisabledC.thedisabledcanusethewheelchairsfreeofchargeD.kids’ticketsonWednesdaydon’tincludebeverageBLatelastyear,Ineededtotransportsomefurniturefromourhousetomyson’sflatincentralLondon.Ishouldhavepaidamantodoit,butfoolishlyconfidentinmydrivingability,Idecidedtohirealorryanddriveitmyself.Movingthelorrybackwardinmyyard,Icrashedintoasmallshed,causingpermanentdamage.Fortunately,Iownedtheshed.Iloadedupwiththefurnitureandsetout.Bynowitwasrushhour.Mynervesbrokedown,asIdrovethehugelorrythroughthestreetsnervously.AtlastIarrivedatCharlotteStreetandfoundanavailableparkingspace.Imovedthelorryintoitonlytonoticethreepeopleatapavementcaféwavingtome.Igotout,tremblingviolently,likeonewhohadjustfinishedastormyAtlanticcrossing.“You’vehitthecarparkedbehindyou,”theysaid.Iexaminedthecar.Therewerewhitescratchesonitsfrontface.Itboreadisabledsign.So,nowIwasabaddriverandabadman.Undertheseverelookofthethree,Ileftanapologeticnoteonthedamagedcar’swindscreen,givingmyphonenumber.Iunloadedthefurniture,drippingthesweat,wantingonlytoescapefromthemonster.IdroveitbacktoitsbaseatEdgware.Onarrival,thebosstoldmeImustfillitupwithpetrolbeforereturningit.“Justchargeme,”Icried,stillshakingwithfear.Hestaredatmewithunderstanding.Nodoubthe’dwitnessedothersinthisstatebefore.“HowaboutIdriveyoutoapetrolstation,youfillup,andIdriveitback?”heasked.HedancedthegreatlorrythroughthetrafficsocarefullythatitwouldhaveshamedmeifIhadnotbeensograteful.4.Themanfelt______tohavedeliveredthefurniturehimself.A.grateful B.regretfulC.proud D.confident5.Themantrembledviolentlybecause______.A.hecausedaterribletrafficaccidentB.drivingthelorrywastoodifficultforhimC.hewasafraidtoseethethreepeopleD.thefurniturewastooheavyforhim6.Themansaidhewasabadmanmostprobablybecause______.A.hemadethetrafficaccidentonpurposeB.heparkedthebiglorryonthepavementC.heshouldn’thavedriventhelorryhimselfD.heshouldn’thavecausedtroubleforthedisabled7.Thewriterintendedtosuggestthat______.A.itwasexcitingtodrivealorry B.itwashardtoavoidaccidentsC.beingtooconfidentisfoolish D.thebosswasexpertindriving二、七選五Howsimilararelanguageandmusic?Languageispartofourdailylives,nomatterwhereweliveintheworld.1Both點).Bothlanguageandmusichaveawritingsystem.InEnglishwerecordlanguageusingthealphabet,whichisacollectionofletters.Similarly,weusenotes(音符)tokeeparecordofmusic.Musiciansreadnotesandcreatemeaningintheformofmusic.2Bywritingpiecesoftextormusic,wearecapableofsharingexperiences.Wecanreadtheideasorhearthecompositionofsomeonewholivedhundredsofyearsago.3Youcanmakeagoodguessatwheresomeoneisfrombylisteningtothelanguageheuses.Inthesameway,weknowthatstylesofmusicvaryaroundtheworld,givingustheopportunitytoexploremanydifferentculturesthroughtheirmusicandprovidinguswithmusicforeverysituation.Bothshareemotions.4Ofcourseyoumaybeabletoseeitinmyface,butyouwillknowforsurethroughmywords.Similarly,musiccansoundangry,sadorhappy.Musiccanshowyouexactlyhowthecomposerwasorisfeeling,anditallowsustosharethatemotion.Whenyoufeelhappy,youmightwanttosinganddancetoahappysongtocelebrateyourhappiness.5Ithinkwehaveallusedmusictoexpressorprocessouremotions,oftencombiningitwithlanguageintheformofsonglyrics.A.Bothareexpressive.B.Bothvarywithculture.C.HowdoyouknowthatIamangry?D.Weuselanguagetoexpressourthoughts.E.Similarly,musicispartofmanypeople’slives.F.SojustasyoureadEnglish,youcanreadmusic.G.Incontrast,youprobablylistentosadmusicwhenyouaredown.DayThree【閱讀訓(xùn)練】一、閱讀提升CJapaneseresearchersaregeneticallychangingmosquitoessothattheybecomecarriersofavaccine(疫苗)thatcouldvaccinatemillionsforfree.Theresearchershavealreadygeneticallychangedamosquitospeciessothatitssaliva(唾液)containsaproteinthatactsasavaccineagainstleishmaniasis(利什曼病),adeadlydiseasethatleadstoterribleskinproblems.Theteamconfirmedthatmicebittenbythegeneticallyengineeredmosquitodevelopedanantibodytothedisease,meaningtheyhadbuiltupimmunity(免疫力).“Youwouldbevaccinatedwithoutevennoticing.Youwouldn’tneedanydrugandyouwouldn’tneedtoshowupatafixedplaceformassvaccinations,”saidShigetoYoshida,theassociateprofessorwhohasledtheresearch.“Repeatedbiteswouldonlystrengthentheimmunity.”“Similarlythemosquitoescouldbeusedtohelptreatmalaria(瘧疾),perhapsadecadefromnow,”saidthemalariaexpert.Nearlyonemillionpeopledieeachyearfrommalaria—mostofthemarechildren—mainlyinAfricaandAsia,accordingtotheWorldHealthOrganization.Nowaproblemisthatnoeffectivevaccineexists.“Thereisatreatmentthatworks,butitisbeyondthereachofpeoplewhoneedtoworryaboutfoodfortomorrow,”Yoshidasaid.However,Yoshidaexpectsthatthegenetically-engineeredmosquitowillfinallyhelpwipeoutthedeadlydiseaseinthedevelopingworld.“Technicallyspeaking,Ibelieveit’samatterof10yearsorso,butit’snotclearwhethersocietywouldacceptit,”hesaid.Anotherproblemisthatthegenetically-engineeredmosquitomaystillpickupandspreadtheinfectedbloodofapersonwhohasalreadycaughtmalaria.Yoshida’steamishopingitcansolvethisproblembydevelopingamosquitospeciesthatkillsthemalariavirusinsideitsownbody.1.Howhavescientiststurnedmosquitoesintocarriersofavaccine?A.Bychangingtheirgenes.B.Bykillingthevirusintheirbodies.C.Bylettingthembitemice.D.Byinjectingvaccinesintotheirbodies.2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTanadvantageofusingmosquitoesasvaccinecarriers?A.It’sfreeofcharge. B.It’sconvenient.C.It’smoreeffective. D.It’sunnoticeable.3.Whatcanweinferfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Peoplewelcometheideaofusingmosquitoestotreatmalaria.B.Mosquitoescarryingvaccinesmaystillspreadmalaria.C.Itisnotlongbeforepeoplewillusemosquitoestogetridofmalaria.D.Amosquitocankillthemalariavirusinsideitsownbody.4.Themainpurposeofthepassageisto.A.introduceapossiblesolutiontomalariaB.encouragepeopletousemosquitoestofightagainstdiseasesC.showthatJapanhasveryadvancedtechnologyD.callonpeopletohelppeoplesufferingfrommalariainAfricaandAsiaDSmokerswhogiveupsmokingandliveonadiethighintomatoesandfruits,especiallyapples,havebetterchancesofrepairingtheirlungfunctionharmedbysmoking,anewstudyfinds.Thestudy,publishedintheDecemberissueoftheEuropeanRespiratoryJournal,saidformersmokerswhoatemoretomatoesandfreshfruitsregularlysawaslowernaturaldropinlungfunctionovera10-yearperiod.Accordingtothestudy,conductedbytheJohnsHopkinsBloombergSchoolofPublicHealth,adultswhoonaverageatemorethantwotomatoesormorethanthreeportionsoffreshfruitsadayhadaslowerdropinlungfunction,comparedtothosewhoatelessthanonetomatoorlessthanoneportionoffruitseveryday.Lungfunctionstartstodropataroundage30andpoorlungfunctionisrelatedtohigherrisksofdeathfromalldiseases,includingheartdiseaseandlungcancer.“Adietrichinfruitscanslowdownthelung’snaturalagingprocessevenifyouhaveneversmoked,”saidVanessaGarciaLarsen,thestudy’sleadauthor,whoisalsoanAssistantProfessorinHumanNutritionattheJohnsHopkinsBloombergSchoolofPublicHealth.Larsenandherteamexamineddietsandlungfunctionofmorethan650adultsfromGermany,NorwayandBritainin2002andperformedlungfunctiontestsonthesamegroupofparticipants10yearslater.Theresearchersfoundamoreeye-catchingconnectionbetweendietsandlungfunctionamongformersmokers,whohadaslowerdropoverthe10-yearperiodbecausetheirdietswerehighlyrichintomatoesandfruits.Sucharesultsuggeststhatthenutrients(營養(yǎng)物)intheirdietsaregoodforrepairingtheharmtothelungdonebysmoking.5.What’stheeffectoftomatoesandfruitsonformersmokers?A.Theyhelpsmokersrepairtheirlungfunction.B.Theyslowdowntheagingprocesslittlebylittle.C.Theygreatlyreducetheriskofseriouslungdiseases.D.Theymakesmokerslessworriedabouttheirhealth.6.Whatriskisa35-year-oldmanofpoorlungfunctionlikelytohave?A.Theacceleration(加速)ofthelung’sagingprocess.B.Theheavydependenceonsmokingcigarettes.C.Thedangerofdyingfromseriousdiseases.D.Thefasternaturaldropinlungfunction.7.Whywerelungfunctiontestsperformedonthesamegroup10yearslater?A.Toexamineiftheparticipantsdevelopthedisease.B.Tomakethereadersbelievetheresultofthestudy.C.Toseeclearsignsofaquickdropinlungfunction.D.Toseechangesinlungfunctionofthesameperson.8.What’sthemainpurposeofthetext?A.Tointroducetwokindsoffruits. B.Todescribesomeresearchwork.C.Totellpeopletheresultofastudy. D.Toexplaintheeffectofsmokingonpeople.二、完形填空It’sgettinghot.It’stimetoputon1clothesandopenupthewindows.Yesterdaybroughta(n)2visittothekitchenduringthebrieftimewewereout.Twodaringsparrowshad3intoadangerousterritory—ourkitchen.Whenyoucomeacrosssuchsuddencallers,youare4tosenseitasanactionofintruding(入侵)intoyourcomfortzone,oryoumight5itasalovelyshiningmomentoflife.We6thesecondoption,withnohesitation.Afterall,we’veneverstoppedfeelingurgenttostrengthenthe7withoursparrowsmoreandmoreeachday.Wecan’tstop8andcelebratingtheirdancefromourwindow.Wefedthemwiththe9onourtableclothaftereverymeal.Andwehave10themwitheverykindofbasesandstandsonourterrace(露臺).11,theyfeelateaseinourbackyard.Andthathasledthemto12couragetoslipintoourhouse.Perhapsbecausetheyhavethefeelingthatwedon’tconsiderthem13,butfriendlyneighbors,whoonlyleavesomewastesfromtimetotime.Thepresenceofourdearsparrowsholds14consistencywithreallife.Andwe’vebeenhavinglovelysparrowscomingoverlately,whosepresence15usoutofourdulldailyroutinesandshowsusthe16beautyandcharm.Likedifferenthumanbeings,thesesparrowsoftentakedifferent17.We’vemetsparrowslikethose,ofall18andcolors.Andthey’reeverywhere.Perhapsallofthemarewillingtocallour19,makingusknowtheyarethere.Theyonlyaskfromusnottobeafraidofthemorfeeluneasytotheir20.1.A.tighter B.lighter C.bigger D.cleaner2.A.unstoppable B.uncomfortable C.unexpected D.unwelcome3.A.slipped B.walked C.advanced D.spread4.A.proud B.safe C.afraid D.sure5.A.keep B.describe C.take D.collect6.A.chosefor B.gaveup C.talkedabout D.broughtin7.A.communication B.competition C.relationship D.cooperation8.A.designing B.observing C.managing D.preparing9.A.vegetables B.fruits C.goods D.leftovers10.A.provided B.gave C.comforted D.satisfied11.A.Repeatedly B.Surprisingly C.Undoubtedly D.Traditionally12.A.lose B.seek C.give D.gather13.A.intruders B.strangers C.instructors D.breakers14.A.familiar B.similar C.reasonable D.magical15.A.forces B.draws C.develops D.cuts16.A.facial B.pure C.special D.hidden17.A.times B.forms C.images D.games18.A.shapes B.places C.weights D.heights19.A.agreement B.attention C.acceptance D.arrival20.A.impression B.expression C.existence D.differenceDayFour【寫作實戰(zhàn)】（一）假如你是李華，你的美國筆友Tom給你寫信，提到自己有點胖，正在借助藥物減肥。請你就此寫一封回信告訴他如何健康減肥。要點如下：1.停止服用減肥藥；2.積極參加體育鍛煉；3.合理安排飲食。注意：詞數(shù)100左右。_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（二）假定你是李華，上周應(yīng)留學(xué)生朋友Leslie的邀請，你們?nèi)ヂ犃艘粓鲣撉僖魳窌，F(xiàn)請你給Leslie寫一封信，表示對這次邀請的感謝。內(nèi)容包括：1.介紹音樂會；2.你的感受。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________DayFive【外刊精讀】主題語境：人與社會——智能寵物門LetyourpetoutfromafarwithanappflapAsmartpet-flapbasedonliftdoortechnologythatletspetsin—butkeepsfoxesandstraysout—hasbeenunveiledattheworld’slargesttechconference.TheMyQPetPortalisthelatestgadgettopromisetorevolutionisepetkeeping.For$2,999ownersgetanewdoorfeaturingslidingpanelsthatareunnoticeablewhenclosed.ThefamilypetisequippedwithaBluetoothcollarthatsendsasignaltoasensorhiddeninthedoorwhichthennotifiestheowner.Asmartphoneappallowstheownertochoosewhethertoopentheflap,withavideoandaudiostreamenablingthemtoseeand,shouldtheybesoinclined,talktotheirpet.“Itistheonlyno-compromisesolutionforhomeownerswhowanttokeepthesecurityandexteriorappearanceoftheirhomeintactwhileprovidingtheirpupwiththefreedomtopottyandplayondemand,”thecompanyclaims.MyQisownedbyChamberlainGroup,aUScompanyspecialisingingaragedoors.Thedoorcomeswithan“auto-closeandlocksystem”thattriggersafterthedoggoesthroughtoensurethatnootherpetsorfoxescanuseit.Thereisalsotheoptiontoletadogopenthedoorautomaticallywhenitapproaches,withouttheneedfortheowners’approval.Thecostofbuyingandinstallingthispieceofkitworksoutatabout￡2,220.Theaveragecostofinstallinganormaldogflapforamedium-sizedpetintheUKis￡240,accordingtoCheckatrade.Becauseofthepandemictheconference,CES,isdigital-onlythisyearratherthaninLasVegasasusual.SamsungrevealedarobotcalledBotHandythatcan,itisclaimed,pickuplaundry,loadthedishwasher,setthetable,pourwine,andfetchdrinks.However,itsaidtheBotHandywasonlya“concept”andtheSouthKoreanconglomeratehasareputationforrevealingfuturisticgadgetsthatcantakeyearstoreachthepublic.TherewasalsoanapporvoicecontrolledbathtubfromKohler,aUSmakerofbathroomproducts,thatattemptstoreplicatethespaexperienceathome.Thetub,costingupto$8,700,canconnecttovoiceassistantssuchasAlexathatwilltellittorunthewater,adjustthetemperature,generatemistorreleasescents.Words:1.afaradv.fromafar:fromalongdistanceaway從遠處2.flapn.apieceofsomethingthin,suchascloth,paper,ormetalhingedorattachedononesideonly,thatcoversanopeningorhangsdownfromsomething（一端固定的布條、紙或金屬件等）片狀垂懸物；片狀封口物3.strayn.ananimalthatislostorhasnohome走失/流浪的動物4.unveilv.toshoworintroduceanewplan,product,etc.tothepublicforthefirsttime（首次）展示，介紹，將……公之于眾5.revolutionisev.tocompletelychangethewaythatsth.isdone徹底改變；完全變革6.paneln.asquareorrectangularpieceofwood,glassormetalthatformspartofalargersurfacesuchasadoororwall（門、墻等上面的）嵌板；方格板塊7.inclinev.totendtothinkorbehaveinaparticularway;tomakesb.dothis（使）傾向于；有……的趨勢8.exteriorn.theoutsideofsth,especiallyabuilding（尤指建筑物的）外部，外觀，外貌9.pleteandnotdamaged完好無損的10.triggerv.tomakesth.happensuddenly發(fā)動；引起；觸發(fā)一、用所給單詞或短語的正確形式填空bebasedonbebasedonbeequippedwithprovide...with...workoutapproveapproachasusualensureallowattemptto1.Thesoldierswere_________________guns.2.Everytimeyou________________,youshouldbeginandendwithafewstretches.3.DuringhisvisitingChinaforthefirsttime,Tomwas________________atableofdelicioustraditionalChinesefood.4.Idon’tthinkyourparentswill________ofyourgoingtherealoneconsideringyoursafety.5.________________herperformance,hewillbegivenanAforhispaper.6.Myparentswouldn’t_________metogototheparty.7.Suddenlyweheardthesoundofan__________car,which,later,myunclegotoutof.8.________________,hewearsathree-piecesuittoday.9.Itisawasteoftime________________repairingthisyourselfforithasbeenbrokenintopieces.10.Please________thatalllightsareswitchedoffwheneveryouleave.二、語篇填空Oneofthehigh-techproductsunveiledintheworld’slargesttechconferencethisyearisasmartpet-flap1.________onliftdoortechnologythatletspetsin—butkeepsfoxesandstrays2.________.Andtheup-to-dategadiscalledtheMyQPetPortal.Twoessentialparts—aBluetoothcollarwornbythefamilypet3.________asignalandasensorhiddeninthedoorto4.________theowner—areincludedtomakeit5.________effectively.

參考答案DayOne【基礎(chǔ)夯實】一、詞匯（根據(jù)漢語提示寫出正確的單詞）1.discount 2.conquer 3.custom 4.transition 5.romantic6.evidence 7.generous 8.battery 9.studio 10.phenomenon二、語法（定語從句）1.that/which句意：這家餐館有一種誘人的、如家一般的氛圍，這是很多其他餐館所沒有的。這里需要用關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語從句，且指物并在從句中作賓語，因此填that或which。2.where句意：不管你是否喜歡，在我們生活的這個社會，網(wǎng)上聊天是人際交流的一個重要部分?？仗幰龑?dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞acommunity，并在從句中作地點狀語，因此用where引導(dǎo)。3.who句意：每個畢業(yè)生都由父親或母親陪伴著站在操場上，等待校長給他們頒發(fā)文憑。這里需要用關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語從句，并在從句中作主語，指人，故用who引導(dǎo)。4.whose句意：這位母親一次又一次地感謝這個年輕人，如果沒有他的幫助，她的兒子就被過往的汽車撞死了。分析句子成分可知，此處應(yīng)用whose修飾名詞help，引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。5.when句意：我的祖母生活在一個婦女被看不起的時代。此處用when引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞generation，在從句中作時間狀語。6.where/inwhich句意：——你如何理解生活？——它是一場沒有盡頭的比賽，在這個比賽中最大的對手是你自己。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，這是一個定語從句，先行詞是aconstantmatch，空格處在定語從句中充當?shù)攸c狀語，故用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)，相當于inwhich。7.whom空格處前有逗號，故判斷設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。先行詞為thechildren，將先行詞代入定語從句后為：allofthechildrenhadplayedthewholedaylong。由此可見，先行詞在定語從句中作of的賓語，且先行詞表示“人”,故用whom。8.whom/who空格后的句子用來修飾Ourgrandma，為非限制性定語從句，先行詞Ourgrandma為人，引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作動詞called的賓語，故填whom或who。9.which分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處所在句子為定語從句，修飾先行詞anancientvase。把先行詞帶入定語從句為：Thepriceoftheancientvasewasveryreasonable.由此分析可知，關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作of的賓語，指物，故填which。10.where/onwhich先行詞為websites，將先行詞代入定語從句后為youcancheckoutthelatestnewsinthescienceworldonthewebsites。由此可知引導(dǎo)詞在定語從句中作地點狀語，故填where/onwhich。三、語法填空本文是一篇說明文。塑料污染是全球面臨的一個非常嚴重的問題，英國目前正舉全國之力對付這樣的污染。1.areused考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。“Allofthem”中的them指代上文提到的“plasticbottles”，和use是動賓關(guān)系，再結(jié)合語境可知，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)。2.Some考查代詞。some...some...others...是固定句型，意為“一些……一些……另外一些……”。3.pollution考查名詞?？仗幾鱝void的賓語，且根據(jù)后面的“ofriverandseas”可知，應(yīng)用名詞形式。4.a考查冠詞。bottle意為“瓶子”時為可數(shù)名詞。此處表示泛指，且bottle的發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭，故填a。5.successful考查形容詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處在句中作表語表示“成功的”，故填successful。6.Luckily考查副詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處在句中作狀語，表示“幸運的是”，故填Luckily。7.selling考查非謂語動詞。根據(jù)語境可知，此處表示“Selfridges停止出售一次性水瓶”，stopdoingsth.意為“停止做某事”，故填selling。8.which考查定語從句?？仗幰龑?dǎo)非限制性定語從句，指代reusableplasticbottles且在從句中作主語，故填which。9.topost考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)用動詞不定句中作表語，表示將要發(fā)生的動作。10.companies考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。根據(jù)下文“usingtheirfreepostaddresses”中的their可知，此處應(yīng)用名詞復(fù)數(shù)。四、改錯1.surprising改為surprised2.classmate改為classmates3.在enough和run之間加上to4.them改為it5.break改為breaking6.by改為of7.keep改為kept8.wild改為wildly9.lastone前面的a改為the10.刪除Although或者butDayTwo【閱讀訓(xùn)練】一、閱讀基礎(chǔ)A本文是一則廣告。該廣告主要介紹了即將在Expo公園的會議中心舉行的TheSouthernSpringHome&GardenShow的相關(guān)信息。1.D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第三句“ThisshowwilllastfromWednesday(March2)toSunday(March6,2022).”可知，這個表演將從星期三（3月2日）持續(xù)到星期日（2022年3月6日）。也就是說，這場表演將持續(xù)五天。故選D。2.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Admission:Adults$10.00.Teenagersunder15freewithapayingadult.”可知，成年人票價是10美元，十六歲的孩子和成年人票價是一樣的，所以兩個成年人和一個十六歲的孩子的門票共30美元。故選A。3.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第七段第一句“Wheelchairsareavailableonafirst-come-first-servedbasisforyou.”可知，輪椅的提供遵循先到先得的原則。由此可推知，輪椅的數(shù)量可能不夠。故選B。B本文是一篇記敘文。作者要將家具從家里裝運到住在倫敦市中心的兒子家，決定自己租一輛卡車裝運。在停車的時候，撞上了標有殘疾人標志的車子。作者還卡車的時候，出租卡車的老板決定送作者去加油站，作者非常感激。4.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Ishouldhavepaidamantodoit,butfoolishlyconfidentinmydrivingability,Idecidedtohirealorryanddriveitmyself.”，再結(jié)合下文描述的作者停車時撞上別人的車以及不得已讓出租卡車的老板送自己去加油站可知，作者對決定自己裝運家具的事感到后悔。故選B。5.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Igotout,tremblingviolently,likeonewhohadjustfinishedastormyAtlanticcrossing.”，再結(jié)合第二段最后一句“Mynervesbrokedown,asIdrovethehugelorrythroughthestreetsnervously.”可知，由于卡車難以駕駛，所以作者十分緊張。故選B。6.D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段中“Therewerewhitescratchesonitsfrontface.Itboreadisabledsign.So,nowIwasabaddriverandabadman.”可知，由于剮壞了帶有殘疾人標志的車，這可能會給殘疾人帶來麻煩，因此作者覺得自己是一個壞人。故選D。7.C主旨大意題。結(jié)合全文的描述，根據(jù)作者因為對自己的駕駛技術(shù)有信心而租用卡車自己裝運家具而導(dǎo)致的一系列問題可知，本文旨在說明“過分自信是愚蠢的”。故選C。二、七選五本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了語言和音樂的相似之處。1.E空前提到“Languageispartofourdailylives”，再根據(jù)空后的“Bothlanguageandmusicplay...theirsimilarities(相似點)”可知，此處是說音樂和語言的相似性，語言是我們?nèi)粘Ｉ畹囊徊糠?，音樂也是。故選E。2.F根據(jù)空前的內(nèi)容可知，我們用字母記錄語言，用音符記錄音樂，再根據(jù)空后的“Wecanreadtheideasorhearthecomposition”可知，F(xiàn)項“因此，就像你讀英語一樣，你也能讀音樂”符合語境。3.B空處是本段的小標題，本段講語言和音樂提供給我們探索不同文化的機會，故B項最適合作本段的小標題。4.C根據(jù)本段的小標題“Bothshareemotions”和空后的“Ofcourse...throughmywords”可知，通過語言可以分辨出情感，再根據(jù)下文中的“Similarly,musicc