2023學(xué)年完整公開課版Layout of electrical diagrams 電氣圖布局

Layoutofelectricaldiagrams電氣圖布局《工程識圖與電氣CAD》EngineeringDrawingReadingAndElectricCADTeachingResourcesDatabaseofNationalVocationalEducationPowerSupplyTechnologyBilingualCourses課程負責(zé)人：蘇曉蘭陳忠Courseleader:SuXiaolanChenzhong目錄

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CONTENTS03/電氣圖的讀圖方法Methodofrecognizingelectricaldiagram04/文字標注規(guī)則Therulesoftextannotation05/電氣圖的讀圖方法Methodofrecognizingelectricaldiagram06/讀圖的一般步驟Generalstepsofrecognizingdiagram01/圖線的布局Thelayoutoftheline02/電氣圖分類Electricaldiagramclassification課程負責(zé)人：蘇曉蘭陳忠Courseleader:SuXiaolanChenzhongLayoutofelectricaldiagrams電氣圖布局表示導(dǎo)線、信號通路、連接線等的圖線一般應(yīng)為直線，即橫平豎直，盡可能減少交叉和彎折。Thelinesrepresentingwires,signalpaths,connectinglines,etc.generallyshouldbestraight,thatis,horizontalandvertical,soastominimizecrossoverandbending.圖線的布局Thelayoutoftheline1水平布置Horizontalarrangement按行布置，從上到下，連線水平布置，類似項目縱向?qū)R。Arrangebyrow,fromtoptobottom,andlinearrangeshorizontally,similartoverticalalignmentofitems.垂直布置Verticalarrangement按列排列，從左到右，連線垂直布置。Arrangebycolumns,fromlefttoright,andlinearrangesvertically.交叉布置Intersectingarrangement連接成對稱的布局，遵循交叉點通斷原則，無黑圓點則無電聯(lián)系。Connectedintoasymmetricallayout,followthecross-pointpass-offprinciple,noblackdotisnoelectriccontact.1.Thelayoutoftheline

圖線的布局Layoutofelectricaldiagrams電氣圖布局2.Electricaldiagramclassification

電氣圖分類12功能布局法Functionallayoutmethod位置布局法PositionlayoutmethodLayoutofelectricaldiagrams電氣圖布局ClicktoaddTitle1布局順序應(yīng)是從左到右或從上到下。Layoutordershouldbelefttorightortoptobottom.3.Methodofrecognizingelectricaldiagram

電氣圖的讀圖方法Layoutofelectricaldiagrams電氣圖布局ClicktoaddTitle2

如果信息流或能量流從右到左或從上到下，以及流向?qū)磮D都不明顯時，應(yīng)在連接線上畫開口箭頭。開口箭頭不應(yīng)與其他符號相鄰近。Iftheflowofinformationorenergyisfromrighttoleftorfromtoptobottom,andtheflowisnotobvioustotheview,openarrowsshouldbedrawnontheconnectinglines.

Openarrowsshouldnotbeclosetoothersymbols.Layoutofelectricaldiagrams電氣圖布局3.Methodofrecognizingelectricaldiagram

電氣圖的讀圖方法ClicktoaddTitle3

在閉合電路中，前向通路上的信息流方向應(yīng)該是從左到右或從上到下。反饋通路的方向則相反。Inaclosedcircuit,thedirectionofinformationflowonaforwardpathshouldbelefttorightortoptobottom.Thefeedbackpathwaygoesintheoppositedirection.Layoutofelectricaldiagrams電氣圖布局3.Methodofrecognizingelectricaldiagram

電氣圖的讀圖方法ClicktoaddTitle4圖的引入引出線最好畫在圖紙邊框附近。Thelead-inandlead-outlinesofthedrawingarebestdrawnnearthedrawingborder.Layoutofelectricaldiagrams電氣圖布局3.Methodofrecognizingelectricaldiagram

電氣圖的讀圖方法4.Therulesoftextannotation

文字標注規(guī)則就近標注原則Nearbylabelingprinciple相同原則identicalprincipleLayoutofelectricaldiagrams電氣圖布局3項目代號標注應(yīng)盡量靠近圖形符號的上方，水平布置標其上，垂直布置標其左。

Projectcodemarksshouldbeascloseaspossibletothetopofthegraphicsymbol,horizontallayoutmarksonthetop,verticallayoutmarksontheleft.電路圖的線號如果必須標出連線規(guī)格，采用就近原則用引出線標注，若標注太多，使用明細表。Ifthelinenumberofthecircuitdiagrammustbemarkedwiththelinespecification,usethenearestprincipletomarkwiththeleadline,iftoomanymarks,usethedetailedlist.數(shù)字符號一般按支路中電流的流向順序編排，遵循自左向右和自上向下的原則。Numericsymbolsaregenerallyarrangedaccordingtotheorderofcurrentflowinthebranch,followingtheprincipleoflefttorightandtoptobottom.Layoutofelectricaldiagrams電氣圖布局4.Therulesoftextannotation

文字標注規(guī)則應(yīng)具有電工學(xué)的基礎(chǔ)知識圖形符號和文字符號要熟記會用掌握各類電氣圖的繪制特點把電氣圖與其他相關(guān)圖紙對應(yīng)起來讀圖了解涉及電氣圖的有關(guān)標準和規(guī)程基本要求Basicrequirements5.Methodofrecognizingelectricaldiagram

電氣圖的讀圖方法Layoutofelectricaldiagrams電氣圖布局ShouldhavethebasicknowledgeofelectricalengineeringGraphicsymbolsandtextsymbolsshouldbememorizedandusedMasterthedrawingcharacteristicsofvariouselectricaldiagramsMatchingtheelectricaldiagramswiththeotherrelevantdiagramsandrecognizethemLearnabouttherelevantstandardsandproceduresforelectricaldiagrams2詳看圖紙說明Lookatthedrawinginstructionsindetail再看系統(tǒng)圖Andthenlookatthesystemdiagram閱讀電路圖Readthecircuitdiagram對看接線圖Lookatthewiringdiagrambycomparison仔細閱讀圖紙的主標題欄和有關(guān)說明，如圖紙目錄、技術(shù)說明、元件明細表等,整體了解概況。Carefullyreadthemaintitlebarofthedrawingandrelevantinstructions,suchasdrawingcatalog,technicaldescription,componentlist,etc.,tounderstandtheoverallsituationofthesolution.了解整個系統(tǒng)或分系統(tǒng)的基本組成，相互關(guān)系及其主要特征等。Tounderstandthebasiccomposition,interrelationshipandmaincharacteristicsofthewholesystemorsub-system.接線圖和電路圖互相對照讀圖，搞清線路走向和連接方法，進而搞清整個電路來龍去脈。Thewiringdiagramiscontrastedwiththecircuitdiagramand

understandeachother,tofindoutthedirectionofthelineandtheconnectionmethod,andthentofindoutthewholecircuit.（核心，讀圖的重點和難點，詳見下頁）(Thecore,thekeypointsanddifficultiesofrecognizingthediagram,seethenextpage)6.Generalstepsofrecognizingdiagram

讀圖的一般步驟Layoutofelectricaldiagrams電氣圖布局2首先要看其圖形符號和文字符號，了解電路圖各組成部分的作用、分清主電路和輔助電路，交流回路和直流回路。其次，按照先看主電路，再看輔助電路的順序進行讀圖。Firstofall,lookatitsgraphicalandtextsymbols,understandtheroleofthevariouscomponentsofthecircuitdiagram,themaincircuitandauxiliarycircuit,ACcircuitandDCcircuit.Secondly,readthegraphintheorderoffirstlookingatthemaincircuitandthenattheauxiliarycircuittoreadthediagram.閱讀電路圖ReadthecircuitdiagramLayoutofelectricaldiagrams電氣圖布局6.Generalstepsofrecognizingdiagram

讀圖的一般步驟看主電路時，通常要從下往上看，即先從用電設(shè)備開始，經(jīng)控制元件，順次往電源端看；Lookatthemaincircuit,usuallyfromthebottomup,thatis,startingfromtheelectricalequipment,throughthecontrolelements,lookdownto