英語(yǔ)專業(yè)八級(jí)真題

英語(yǔ)專業(yè)八級(jí)真題英語(yǔ)專業(yè)八級(jí)真題/英語(yǔ)專業(yè)八級(jí)真題QUESTIONBOOKLET試卷用后隨即銷毀。嚴(yán)禁保留、初版或復(fù)印。TESTFORENGLISHMAJORS(2018)-GRADEEIGHT-TIMELIMIIT：150MINPARTILISTENINGCOMPREHENSION[25MIN]SECTIONAMINI-LECTUREYouhaveTHIRTYsecondstopreviewthegap-fillingtask.Nowlistentothemini-lecture.Whenitisover,youwillbegivenTHREEminutestocheckyourwork.SECTIONBINTERVIEWInthissectionyouwillhearONEinterview.TheinterviewwillbedividedintoTWOparts.Attheendofeachpart,fivequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.BoththeinterviewandthequestionswillbespokenONCEONLY.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeaten-secondpause.Duringthepause,youshouldreadthefourchoicesofA),B),C)andD),andmarkthebestanswertoeachquestiononANSWERSHEETTWO.YouhaveTHIRTYsecondstopreviewthechoices.Now,listentothefirstinterview.Questions1to5arebasedonPartOneoftheinterview.Nowlistentotheinterview.1/15A.Announcementofresults.B.Lackofatimeschedule.C.Slownessinballotscounting.D.Directionoftheelectoralevents.A.OthervoiceswithinAfghanistanwantedso.B.Thedatehadbeensetpreviously.C.Alltheballotshadbeencounted.D.TheUNadvisedthemtodoso.A.Tocalmthevoters.B.Tospeeduptheprocess.C.Tosticktotheelectionrules.Unacceptable.Unreasonable.Insensible.Illconsidered.Supportive.Ambivalent.Opposed.Neutral.NowlisteningtoPartTwooftheinterview.Questions6to10arebasedonPartTwooftheinterview.A.Ensurethegovernmentincludesallparties.2/15B.Discusswhoisgoingtobethewinner.C.Supervisethecountingofvotes.D.Seeksupportfromimportantsectors.A.36%-24%.B.46%-34%.C.56%-44%.D.66%-54%.A.Bothcandidates.B.Electoralinstitutions.C.TheUnitedNations.D.Notspecified.A.Itwasunheardof.B.Itwasonasmallscale.C.Itwasinsignificant.D.Itoccurredelsewhere.A.Problemsintheelectoralprocess.B.Formationofanewgovernment.C.Prematureannouncementofresults.D.DemocracyinAfghanistan.PARTⅡREADINGCOMPREHENSION[25MIN]SECTIONAMULTIPLECHOICEQUESTIONS3/15Inthissectiontherearethreepassagesfollowedbyfourteenmultiplechoicequestions.Foreachmultiplechoicequestion,therearefoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosetheonethatyouthinkisthebestanswerandmarkyouransweronANSWERSHEETTWO.PASSAGEONE(1)“Britain’sbestexport,”IwastoldbytheDepartmentofImmigrationinCanberra,“ispeople.”Closeon100,000peoplehaveappliedforassistedpassagesthefirstfivemonthsoftheyear,andhalfoftheseareeventuallyexpectedtomigratetoAustralia.TheAustralianaredelighted.TheyarekeenlywarethatwithoutastrongflowofimmigrantsintotheworkforcethedevelopmentoftheAustralianeconomyisunlikelytoproceedattheambitiouspacecurrentlyenvisaged.Thenewmineraldiscoveriespromiseasplendidfuture,andtheinjectionofhugeamountsofAmericanandBritishcapitalshouldhelptoensurethattheyareproperlyexploited,butwithunemploymentinAustraliadowntolessthan1.3percent,thegovernmentisunderstandablyanxioustoattractmoreskilledlabor.AustraliaisroughlythesamesizeasthecontinentalUnitedStates,buthasonlytwelvemillioninhabitants.Migrationhasaccountedforhalfthepopulationincreaseinthelastfouryears,andhascontributedgreatlytothecountry’simpressiveeconomicdevelopment.Britainhasalwaysbeentheprincipalsource–ninetypercentofAustraliansareofBritishdescent,andBritainhasprovidedonemillionmigrantssincetheSecondWorldWar.Australiahasalsogivengreatattentiontorecruitingpeopleelsewhere.Australiansdecidedtheyhadanexcellentpotentialsourceofapplicantsamongtheso-called“guestworkers”whohavecrossedtheirownfrontierstoworkinotherartsofEurope.Therewereestimatedtobemorethanfourmillionofthem,andalargenumberwereofferedsubsidizedpassagesandguaranteedjobsinAustralia.Italyhasforsomeyearsbeenthesecondbiggestsourceofmigrants,andtheAustralianshavealsomanagedtoattractalargenumberofGreeksandGermans.4/15MostBritishmigrantsmisscouncilhousingtheNationalHealthscheme,andtheirrelativesandformerneighbor.Lonelinessisabigfactor,especiallyamonghousewives.Themensoonmakenewfriendsatwork,butwivestendtofinditmuchhardertogetusedtoadifferentwayoflife.Manyarehouseboundbecauseofinadequatepublictransportinmostoutlyingsuburbs,andregularcorrespondencewiththeiroldfriendsathomeonlyservestoincreasetheirdiscontent.Onehousewifewasquotedrecentlyassaying:“IevenfindImissthepeopleIusedtoathome.”Rentarehigh,andtherearelongwaitinglistsforHousingCommissionhomes.Sicknesscanbeanexpensivebusinessandtheclimatecanbeunexpectedlyrough.ThegapbetweenAustralianandBritishwagepacketsisnolongerbig,andpeoplearegenerallyexpectedtoworkharderherethantheydoathome.Professionalmenoverfortyoftenhavedifficultyinfindingadecentjob.Aboveall,perhaps,skilledimmigrantsoftenfindsaconsiderablereluctancetoaccepttheirqualifications.(11)AccordingtothejournalAustralianManufacturer,theattitudeofmanyemployersandfellowworkersisanythingbutfriendly.“WeAustralians,inrecentissue,“arejusttoofondofpaintingtherosypictureofthebig,-heartedwrmAussie.Asamatteroffact,wearesobusyblowingourowntrumpetsthatwehavenotnottimetobewarm-heartedandconsiderate.Godown-break“heartalley”amongsomeofthemigrantsandfindoutjusthowexpansivetheAussieistohisimmigrants.”TheAustralianswantastrongflowofimmigrantsbecause.ImmigrantsspeedupeconomicexpansionunemploymentisdowntoalowfigureimmigrantsattractforeigncapitalAustraliaisaslargeastheUnitedStatesAustraliaprefersimmigrantsfromBritainbecause.5/15theyareselectedcarefullybeforeentrytheyarelikelytoformnationalgroupstheyarefondoflivinginsmalltownsInexplainingwhysomemigrantsreturntoEuropetheauthor.stressestheireconomicmotivesemphasizesthevarietyoftheirmotivesstresseslonelinessandhomesicknessemphasizesthedifficultiesofmenoverfortywhichofthefollowingwordsisusedliterally,notmetaphorically?“flow”(Para.2).“injection”(Para.2).“gravitate”(Para.5).“selective”(Para.6).Para.11picturestheAustraliansas.unsympatheticungenerousundemonstrativeunreliablePASSAGETWO(1)Someoftheadvantagesofbilingualismincludebetterperformanceattasksinvolving“executivefunction”(whichinvolvesthebrain’sabilitytoplanprioritize),betterdefenseagainstdementiainoldageand—theobvious—theabilitytospeakasecondlanguage.Onepurportedadvantagewasnotmentioned,though.6/15Manymultilingualsreportdifferentpersonalities,orevendifferentworldviews,whentheyspeaktheirdifferentlanguages.(2)It’sanexcitingnotion,theideathatone’sveryselfcouldbebroathemasteryoftwoormorelanguages.Inobviousways(exposuretonewfriends,literatureandsoforth)theselfreallyisbroadened.Yetitisdifferenttoclaim—asmanypeopledo—tohaveadifferentpersonalitywhenusingadifferentlanguage.AformerEconomistcolleague,forexample,reportedbeingruderinHebrewthaninEnglish.Sowhatisgoingonhere?BenjaminLeeWhorf,anAmericanlinguistwhodiedin1941,heldthateachlanguageencodesaworldviewthatsignificantlyinfluencesitsspeakers.Oftencalled“Whorfianism”,deathishasiitssceptics,buttherearestillgoodreasonstobelievelanguageshapesthought.Thisinfluenceisnotnecessarilylinkedtothevocabularyorgrammarofasecondlanguage.Significantly,mostpeoplearenotsymmetricallybilingual.Manyhavelearnedonelanguageathomefromparents,andanotherlaterinlife,usuallyatschool.Sobilingualsusuallyhavedifferentstrengthsandweaknessesintheirdifferentlanguages—andtheyarenotalwaysbestintheirfirstlanguage.Forexample,whentestedinaforeignlanguage,peoplearelesslikelytofallintoacognitivetrap(answeringatestquestionwithanobvious-seemingbutwronganswer)thanwhentestedintheirnativelanguage.Inpartthisisbecauseworkinginasecondlanguageslowsdownthethinking.Nowonderpeoplefeeldifferentwhenspeakingthem.Andnowondertheyfeellooser,morespontaneous,perhapsmoreassertiveorfunnierorblunter,inthelanguagetheywererearedinfromchildhood.Manybilingualsarenotbicultural.Butsomeare.Andofthosebiculturalbilinguals,weshouldbelittlesurprisedthattheyfeeldifferentintheirtwolanguages.Experimentsinpsychologyhaveshownthepowerofsmall“primingunnoticed”—factorsthatcanaffectbehaviorinbigways.Askingpeopletotellahappystory,forexample,willputtheminabettermood.Thechoicebetweentwolanguagesisahugeprime.SpeakingSpanishratherthanEnglish,forabilingualandbiculturalPuertoRicaninNewYork,mightconjurefeelingsoffamilyandhome.SwitchingtoEnglishmightprimethesamepersontothinkofschoolandwork.7/15Sotherearetwoverygoodreasons(asymmetricalability,andpriming)thatmakepeoplefeeldifferentspeakingtheirdifferentlanguages.Wearestillleftwithathirdkindofargument,though.AneconomistrecentlyinterviewedhereatProspero,AthanasiaChalari,saidforexamplethat:Greeksareveryloudandtheyinterrupteachotherveryoften.ThereasonforthatistheGreekgrammarandsyntax.WhenGreekstalktheybegintheirsentenceswithverbsandtheformoftheverbincludesalotofinformationsoyoualreadyknowwhattheyaretalkingaboutafterthefirstwordandcaninterruptmoreeasily.IstheresomethingintrinsictotheGreeklanguagethatencouragesGreekstointerrupt?Peopleseemtoenjoytellingtalesabouttheirlanguages'inherentproperties,andhowtheyinfluencetheirspeakers.AgroupofFrenchintellectualworthiesonceproposed,ratherself-flatteringly,thatFrenchbethesolelegallanguageoftheEU,becauseofitssupposedlyunmatchablerigorandprecision.SomeGermansbelievethatfrequentlyputtingtheverbattheendofasentencemakesthelanguageespeciallylogical.Butlanguagemythsarenotalwaysself-flattering:manyspeakersthinktheirlanguagesareunusuallyillogicalordifficult—witnesstheplethoraofbooksalongthelinesof"OnlyinEnglishdoyouparkonadrivewayanddriveonaparkway;Englishmustbethecraziestlanguageintheworld!"Wealsoseesomeunsurprisingoverlapwithnationalstereotypesandself-stereotypes:French,rigorous;German,logical;English,playful.Ofcourse.Personalityimprovement.Bettertaskperformance.Changeofworldviews.Avoidanceofold-agedisease.17.Accordingtothepassage,thatlanguageinfluencesthoughtmayberelatedto.thevocabularyofasecondlanguagethegrammarofasecondlanguage8/15theimprovedtestperformanceinasecondlanguagetheslowdownofthinkinginasecondlanguage18.Whatistheauthor’sresponsetothequestionatthebeginningofPara.8?It’sjustoneofthepopulartalesofnationalstereotypes.Somepropertiesinherentcanmakealanguagelogical.GermanandFrencharegoodexamplesofWhorfianism.Thereisadequateevidencetosupportapositiveanswer.19.WhichofthefollowingstatementsconcerningPara.9iscorrect?Ms.Chalari’stheoryabouttheGreeklanguageiswellgrounded.Speakersofmanyotherlanguagesarealsopronetointerrupting.Grammarisunnecessarilyaconditionforchangeinpersonality.Manyunrelatedlanguagesdon20.Indiscussingtheissue,theauthorsatiricalobjectivecriticalambivalentPASSAGETHREE

’thavethesamefeaturesasGreek.’sattitude.is"Well,younglady,"observedtheoldgentleman,lookingathersomewhatkindly,"whatisityouwish?""Iam,thatis,doyou--Imean,doyouneedanyhelp?"shestammered.9/15"Notjustatpresent,"heansweredsmiling."Notjustatpresent.Comeinsometimenextweek.Occasionallyweneedsomeone."Shereceivedtheanswerinsilenceandbackedawkwardlyout.Thepleasantnatureofherreceptionratherastonishedher.Shehadexpectedthatitwouldbemoredifficult,thatsomethingcoldandharshwouldbesaid--sheknewnotwhat.Thatshehadnotbeenputtoshameandmadetofeelherunfortunateposition,seemedremarkable.Shedidnotrealizethatitwasjustthiswhichmadeherexperienceeasy,buttheresultwasthesame.Shefeltgreatlyrelieved.Anofficeboyapproachedher."Whoisityouwishtosee?"heasked."Iwanttoseethemanager,"shereturned.Heranawayandspoketooneofagroupofthreemenwhowereconferringtogether.Oneofthesecametowardsher."Well?"hesaidcoldly.Thegreetingdroveallcouragefromheratonce."Doyouneedanyhelp?"shestammered."No,"herepliedabruptly,andturneduponhisheel.Shewentfoolishlyout,theofficeboydeferentiallyswingingthedoorforher,andgladlysankintotheobscuringcrowd.Itwasaseveresetbacktoherrecentlypleasedmentalstate.21.Shequickenedherstepsbecauseshe.wasafraidofbeingseenasastrangerwasinahurrytoleavethedistrictwantedtolooklikesomeoneworkingtherewantedtoapplyatmorefactoriesthatday22.Whydidn’tsheenterStormandKingthefirsttime?10/15ShewastootimidtoenterthebuildingTwomenstoppedherattheentranceSeveralpedestrianshadfoundherstrangeThemessengerhadclosedthedoorbehindhimWhatdoes“everyfootofherprogressbeingasatisfactoryportionofaflightwhichshegladlymade”meanaccordingtothecontext(Para.2)?Shethoughtshewasmakingprogressinjobsearch.Shewasgladthatshewaslookingforajob.Shefoundherexperiencesatisfactory.Shejustwantedtoleavetheplace.24.Whydidshefeelgreatlyrelieved(Para.7)?Sheeventuallymanagedtoenterthebuilding.Shewaskindlyreceivedbytheclerk.Shehadthecouragetomakeaninquiry.Shewaspromisedaworkposition.SECTIONBSHORTANSWERQUESTIONSInthissectionthereareeightshortanswerquestionsbasedonthepassagesinSECTIONA.AnswereachquestioninNOMORETHANTENWORDSinthespaceprovidedonANSWERSHEETTWO.PASSAGEONE25.Whatdo“promise”and“should”inPara.2implyaboutauthorAustralia’s11/15economy？26.Explainthemeaningof“thegrowthofnationalgroups”accordingcontext(Para.7).PASSAGETWO27.Explainthemeaningof“Thechoicebetweentwolanguagesisahugeprimaccordingtothecontext(Para.6)Whatreasonsdoestheauthorgivetoexplainwhypeoplefeeldifferentwhenspeakingdifferentlanguages？Whatdoestheauthorfocusoninthepassage?PASSAGETHREESelectandwritedownatleastTHREEwordsorphrasesinPara.1describingthegirl’sinnerfeelingswhilewalkinginthestreetslookingforajob.Explainthemeaningof“Sosevereadefeattoldsadlyuponhernerves.accordingtothecontext(Para.2).In“Itwasaseveresetbacktoherrecentlypleasedmentalstate.whatdoes“herrecentlypleasedmentalstate”refertoaccordingcontext?tothePARTIIILANGUAGEUSAGE[15MIN]ThepassagecontainsTENerrors.EachindicatedlinecontainsamaximumofONEerror.Ineachcase,onlyONEwordisinvolved.Youshouldproof-readthepassageandcorrectitinthefollowingway:Forawrongword,underlinethewrongwordandwritethecorrectoneintheblankprovidedattheendoftheline.12/15Foramissingword,markthepositionofthemissingwordwitha∧”signand“writethewordyoubelievetobemissingintheblankprovidedattheendoftheline.Foranunnecessaryword,crosstheunnecessarywordwithaslash“/”andputthewordintheblankprovidedattheendoftheline.ExampleWhen∧artmuseumwantsanewexhibit,(1)anitneverbuysthingsinfinishedformandhangs(2)neverthemonthewall.Whenanaturalhistorymuseumwantsanexhibition,itmustoftenbuildit.(3)exhibitProofreadthegivenpassageonANSWERSHEETTHREEasinstructedPARTIVTRANSLATION[20MIN]TranslatetheunderlinedpartofthefollowingtextfromChineseintoEnglish.WriteyourtranslationonANSWERSHEETTHREE文學(xué)書籍最少使我們的內(nèi)心可以達(dá)到這樣的三感：善感、敏感和美感。生活不如意時(shí)，文學(xué)書籍給我們供應(yīng)了可以達(dá)到一種比現(xiàn)實(shí)更美好的境地——書里面的水可能比我們現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中的水