2021屆北京市第一四二中學(xué)高三英語(yǔ)三模試題及答案解析

2021屆北京市第一四二中學(xué)高三英語(yǔ)三模試題及答案解析第一部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)AAstheMOOCcrazecontinuestoexplode,anyoneinterestedintakinganonlinecoursefacesatrickyquestion:Whichcoursetotake?Herearefiveaspectsthatyoushouldconsiderbeforeyoustart.(1)Whatisyourlearningstyle?ManyMOOCsarevideo-based.Othercoursesusepresentationformats.Somealsorequireparticipationingroupwork.Ifyouwanttostaymotivatedduringyourcourse,thinkabouthowyouenjoylearning.Areyouavisuallearner,preferringtouseimagestounderstandatopic?Ifso,avideo-basedcoursewillworkwellforyou.Ifyouareaverballearnerwhogainsnewinformationbyspeakingandwriting,tryatext-basedcoursewithlotsofnote-taking.Sociallearners,meanwhile,willthriveinforumdiscussionsandproject-basedassessment.(2)Areyoureadytobecomeafull-timestudent?Berealisticaboutthetimethatyoucancommittoyouronlinestudies.Participatinginanonlinecoursecantakeasmuchtimeandcommitmentasaclass-basedprogram.Checkthecourserequirementsandmakeaplanaroundyourcurrentschedule.Doesthecoursereallymeetyourneeds?Whetheryouareinterestedinaprofessionalqualificationorwanttotakeapersonaldevelopmentcourselikeyoga,thereisaMOOCforyou.It'seasytogetcaughtupintheexcitementoftakinglotsoffreecoursesineverythingthatyoueverwantedtolearn.Beforeyoustartacourse,thinkabouttheendgoal.Isthecourseaimedatbeginnersoradvancedlearners?Whydoyouneedthisqualification?Doyouneedasupportgroup?Somepeoplelearnbestfromseeinghowothersapproachtheproblem.Ifyouaresuchaslearner,youwillneedtosupplementyouronlinelessonswithanin-personsupportgroup.Whatkindofcertificationwillyouget?Taketimetofindoutwhatkindofcertificationisavailableuponcompletionofthecourse,andhowyoucanproveyourlearningtoothers-forexample,certificates,transcriptsordigitalbadges.WhatkindofMOOC'sdoestheauthorrecommendtoverballearners?A.Avideo-basedcourse. B.Atext-basedcourse.C.Aforum-baseddiscussion. D.Aproject-basedassessment.Whatkindoflearnersneedanin-personsupportgroup?Learnerswhopreferindividualwork.Learnerswhoareingreatneedofacertificate.Learnerswhoaretoobusytobecomeafull-timestudent.Learnerswholearnbestfromobservinghowothersaddresstheproblem.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.PickingtherightMOOC'sforyou. B.Decidingyourlearningstyle.C.Takingtherightcourseyouneed. D.Choosingasuitablesupportgroup.BIfourkidsdon’tfall,theydon’tlearntogetup.Istillrememberthedayinhighschoolthatmymomforgottopickmeupfromschool.I’mtheoldestoffourchildren,andnodoubtshe’dhadalongdaywiththeotherkidsandit’dslippedhermind.Afterwaitingatschoolforanhour,Iwalkedthethreemileshome,andwhenIgottomyhouse,Ishutourfrontdoorwithanger,stormedintothekitchenandscreamedinmymom’sfacethatshe’dforgottenme.Laterthatnight,mydadtoldmeInolongerhadaridetoschoolthenextday.Ifiguredmymomwouldstilltakeme,butwhenthemorningcame,sherefused.Itwasmidterm,andasastraight-Astudentreadytostartcollegeapplications,beinglatewasn’tanoption（選擇）.Inmymind,missingthesetestswouldhavebeentheendofmyacademiccareer.Ibeggedmymom.ItoldhershewasruiningmyfutureandeverythingI’dworkedfor.Butsheheldherground,andthatday,Iwalkedtoschool.AndImissedmytests.Mymomdidn’trescuemefromfailure.Sheletmesufferfromit.Sheletmefigureitout.Sheletmelearn.Now,asamommyself,I’verealizedthatIwantmykidstoexperiencefailurebecausefailureishowwegrow,learnandthinkoutsideofourselves.It’showweself-educatetolearnwhat’srightandrespectable,andwhat’snot.It’showwebecomeresponsibleandenthusiastic.Fallingdownmakesusbetterbecausewelearnhowtogetup.Whatisoneofthereasonsthattheauthorgotangrythatday?A.Shewastired. B.Shefailedinatest.C.Shewaslateforschool. D.Shehadtowalkhomebyherself.Howdoestheauthorfeelaboutherchildhoodexperience?A.Terrible.B.Meaningful.C.Embarrassing.D.Colorful.Theunderlinedphrase“heldherground”inParagraph2probablymeans“ ”.A.gaveintome B.saidyestomeC.stayedintheplace D.kepttoherideaWhatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.MyWayofGrowing B.TheValueofFailureC.MyLoveforMother D.FailureinMyLifeCDisease-carryingmosquitoescanspreaddiseaseswithoutaffectingthemselves.Nearly700millionpeoplegetamosquito-borneillnesseachyear,whichresultsinoveronemilliondeaths.Humansexperiencecontinuouspressuresfromdisease-carryingmosquitoesinmanypartsoftheworld,sowehavetofindwaystofightagainstthoseinsectsbecausetheykeepgettingscarier.EventhoughDEETremainsthemostcommonlyused,andmostpowerful,mosquitorepellenteverdeveloped,scientistsareactivelypursuingeffectiveproductsbasedentirelyonplantoils.WhileDEETisaneffectivecontactrepellent,manypeopledisliketheoilyfeelandsmellontheirskin,andsometimessomepeoplearesensitivetoit.ConsumersarealwaysinterestedinalternativestoDEETandothersyntheticrepellents,sotherearenumerousnaturalrepellentsonthemarket.InhislabatIowaStateUniversity,Dr.JoelCoatsandhisteamhavesuccessfullytestedtheserepellentsagainstthreespeciesofdangerousmosquitoes.Thefirstgroupofthenewrepellentsactthroughtheair.Thesechemicalshaveavaporactionthatprovidesprotection,andtheyarecalled“spatial”repellents,sincetheyactthroughspace.Thesearepotentiallymostusefulinbackyards,parks,andhouses.Theothergrouparetheclassiconesthatstopinsectsfromstandingonatreatedsurface,suchashumanskin,clothingortents;collaboratorsattheUSDA-ARSandBioGentshaveconductedtestingwithhumanstoconfirmtheeffectivenessandidentifytheverybestones.Thenewrepellentsweredesignedandmadefromthenaturalmaterialsinplantessentialoils.Theymaintainmanyoftheadvantagesofthenaturalrepellents:Theyarefullybiodegradable,withnoecologicalconcernsorenvironmentalwastes,andgenerallyconsideredsafelikethethousandsoftypesofplantessentialoilsusedintheflavorandperfumeindustries.However,thoroughtestingwillbeconductedtodetermineiftheyaretrulynon-poisonousbecausethereisstillnoenoughevidence.Whatdoestheauthormainlywanttoshowinparagraph1?Thewaymosquitoesspreaddisease.Thehighdeathrateofmosquito-borneillness.Thedifficultyoffightingdisease-carryingmosquitoes.Theurgencyoffindingtoolstofightagainstmosquitoes.WhatisadisadvantageofDEET?A.Itwon’tbeeffectiveforlong. B.Itcan’tbeapplieduniversally.C.Itcausesdiscomforttotheusers. D.Itgreatlyharmspeople’shealth.Whatcanwelearnaboutthesecondgroupofthenewrepellents?Theycankillmosquitoesindirectly.Theyaremainlyusedintheopenair.Theyaremoreeffectiveonhumanskin.Theycanpreventmosquitoesfromcontactingusers.What’stheauthor’sattitudetothenewrepellents?A.Subjective. B.Objective.C.Doubtful. D.Disapproving.DWhenIwas9,wepackedupourhomeinLosAngelesandarrivedatHeathrow,LondononagrayJanuarymorning.Everyoneinthefamilysettledquicklyintothecityexceptme.Withoutmybelovedbeachesandendlessblue—skydays,Ifeltatalossandoutofplace.UntilImadeadiscovery.Southbank,ataneasternbendintheThames,isthecenterofBritishskateboarding,wherethecontinuouscrashingofskateboardsleftyourheadringing.Ilovedit.Isoonmadefriendswiththelocalskaters.Wespokeourownlanguage.Andmyfavorite:Safe.Safemeantcool.Itmeanthello.Itmeantdon'tworryaboutit.Once,whentryingacertaintrickonthebeam（橫桿），Ifellontothestones,damaginganerveinmyhand,andTobycameover,helpingmeup:Safe,man.Safe.Afewminuteslater,whenIlandedthetrick,myfriendsbeattheirboardsloud,shouting:"Safe!Safe!Safe!”Andthat'swhatmattered—landingtricks,beingagoodskater.WhenIwas15,myfamilymovedtoWashington.Itriedskateboardingthere,butthelocalswerefarlesswelcoming.Withinacoupleofyears,I'dgivenitup.WhenIreturnedtoLondonin2004,IfoundmyselfwanderingdowntoSouthbank,spendinghoursthere.I'vetraveledbackseveraltimessince,mostrecentlythispastspring.Thedaywascoldbutclear:touristsandLondonersstoppedtowatchtheskaters.Weaving（穿梭）amongthekidswhorushedbyontheirboards,Ifoundmywaytothebeam.Thenarail—thinteenager,inabaggywhiteT—shirt,skidded（滑）uptothebeam.Hesatnexttome.Heseemednottonoticethemannexttohim.ButsoonIcaughtafewofhisglances.“Iwasalocalhere20yearsago,”Itoldhim.Then,slowly,hebegantonodhishead.“Safe,man.Safe.“Yeah,”Isaid.“Safe.”WhatcanwelearnabouttheauthorsoonafterhemovedtoLondon?A.Hefeltdisappointed. B.Hegaveuphishobby.C.Helikedtheweatherthere. D.Hehaddisagreementswithhisfamily.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“Safe!Safe!Safe!”probablymean?A.Becareful! B.Welldone! C.Noway! D.Don'tworry!WhydidtheauthorliketospendtimeinSouthbankwhenhereturnedtoLondon?A.Tojointheskateboarding. B.Tomakenewfriends.C.Tolearnmoretricks. D.TorelivehischildhooddaysWhatmessagedoestheauthorseemtoconveyinthetext?Childrenshouldlearnasecondlanguage.Sportisnecessaryforchildren'shealth.ChildrenneedasenseofbelongingSeeingtheworldisamustforchildren.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)FearofmissingoutorFOMOischaracterizedby“adesiretostaycontinuallyconnectedwithwhatothersaredoing”.ResearchershavefoundthatFOMOleadsustochecksocialmediamorefrequently,leadingtoanegativecyclethatcanbehardtobreak. 16 Yourmoodwillbeeasilyinfluencedbyothersandyourlifestartstobecontrolledbytheoutsideworld.However,thesituationcanbeimprovedifyoutakethefollowingadvice. 17 Trytoreduceourscreentime,focusonbuildingyourownpathtosuccessanddowhatyoulike.Liveinthemoment,youwillfindnothingismissingoutinourlife!Itiscommontopostonsocialmediatokeeparecordofthefunthingsyoudo. 18 Ifthisisthecase,youmaytrytokeepapersonaljournalofyourbestmemories,eitheronlineoronpaper.Keepingajournalcanhelpyoutoshiftyourfocusfrompublicapprovaltoprivateappreciationofthethingsthatmakeyourlifegreat. 19 Youmayfindyourselfseekingagreaterconnectionwhenyouarefeelingdepressedoranxious,andthisishealthy.Feelingsoflonelinessareactuallyourbrain’swayoftellingusthatwewanttoseekoutgreaterconnectionswithothersandincreaseoursenseofbelonging. 20 Talkingwithfamilies,makingplanswithagoodfriend,orcreatingagroupoutingthatcanhelpyoutoshakethatfeelingthatyouaremissingout.A.Youactuallycan’tmissanything.Especiallytheyoungareaddictedtothesocialmedia.Ratherthanfocusingonwhatyoulack,trynoticingwhatyouhave.ThisshiftcansometimeshelpyoutogetoutofthecycleofFOMO.Asaresult,itwillleadtofeelingsofdepression,loneliness,andboredom.However,youmayfindyourselfnoticingtoomuchaboutpeople’sopiniononyourexperiencesonline.Ratherthanconnectwithpeopleonsocialmedia,whynotarrangetomeetupwithsomeoneinperson?第二部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)Theinsistentknockonthedoorbroughtmequicklyfrommykitchen.Withmychildrendownforanap,I 21 toanswerbeforetheywereallawakened.WehadjustmovedhereandIcouldn’t 22 whoitwouldbe.Iopenedthedoorandacrackrevealedanoldmandressedindirtyclothing.“CanIhelpyou?”Iasked,hopinghehadthewrong 23 .“Wouldyouliketobuysomefreshgardenvegetables?”Hisvoicewastremblingbuthiseyeswere 24 .Iwonderedifhebadlyneededthebitofmoneyhewasaskingforhis 25 .“I’mMr.Locketlivingaroundthecorner.Mywife 26 andmychildrenlivefaraway,”he 27 .Laterweknewthattheneedforcompanionshiphadsenthimdoortodoor 28 sellingfruitsandvegetablesandourswastheonlydooropenedtohim.Asdayswenton,Mr.Locketbecamea 29 visitor.Everydayhereadbooksinourbigchairwithmychildrencurleduponhislap.Whentheytookanafternoonnap,hewould 30 hisheadonthebackofthechair.Inhisquietandgentleway,heendearedhimselftoeachchild. 31 thename“GrandpaLocket”slippedintoourconversations.Threeyearslater,wehadtomovetoOntario.Hearrivedasusualthatmorning.“Mr.Locket,”Itriedto 32 thenewsinagentleway,“You’vebecomea（n） 33 partofthisfamily,but...”Tearsglistenedinthecornersofhiseyes.“I 34 tokeepintouchwithyouand...”Mythroattightened.Henodded 35 softlysaid“Thankyouforallyourkindnesstoanoldman.WhenIneededafamily,you 36 me.”Withtears,weallhuggedhim 37 .Aboutayearlater,asmall 38 fromMr.Locket’sdaughterwasdeliveredtoourhome.Sheinformedusthatourdearoldfriendhaddied.“I’msogratefulforyourlovingcareformyfather,”shewrote,“Icanseehowmuchyou 39 tohim,too.”Actually,we’realsogratefulforthe 40 lovethatsweptintoourlivesthemomentweopenedthatdoor.21.A.hesitatedB.hurriedC.hatedD.happened22.A.imagineB.recognizeC.believeD.acknowledge23.A.numberB.roadC.directionD.address24.A.shiningB.understandingC.hopefulD.desperate25.A.produceB.foodC.clothesD.fruits26.A.wentawayB.brokeawayC.passedaway D.ranaway27.A.complainedB.addedC.screamedD.roared28.A.inplaceofB.bymeansofC.inneedof D.byorderof29.A.yearlyB.monthlyC.weeklyD.daily30.A.restB.putC.plant D.lower31.A.GraduallyB.SuddenlyC.GenerallyD.Quickly32.A.announceB.makeC.breakD.report33.A.naturalB.innerC.necessaryD.treasured34.A.wishB.tryC.promiseD.struggle35.A.butB.andC.yet D.so36.A.includedB.refusedC.toleratedD.received37.A.willinglyB.tightlyC.eagerlyD.faithfully38.A.bookB.billC.pictureD.envelope39.A.owedB.sentC.meantD.showed40.A.unexpectedB.deepC.permanentD.selfless第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式ThelaunchofanEnglishtranslationofConfidenceComesfromEffectiveness:AForeigner'sWuhanDiary 41. (hold)lastFriday.Thebook,first 42. (publish)inArabicandtheninChinese,tellshowtheauthorAdhamSayed,aLebaneseexchangestudentinChina, 43. (throw)himselfintoworkingwithChinesepeopleduringthecity'slockdownlastyear.InSayed'sview,China'sputtingthe 44. （safe）andhealthofitspeoplefirstisthereasonforwinningthebattle.Hisforeignperspective, 45. （globe）visionandWesternwayofthinkingmakeaconsistentnarration.HeweavesintheconceptofacommunitywithasharedfutureformankindandrevealsChina 46. aresponsiblecountry.ItalsoshowstheworldhowpeopleinHubeihavemadegreatsacrificesforChina 47. （overcome）thepandemic.Thisbook, 48. originalintentionwastohelppeoplerememberthehistoryofthepandemicandtocarryforwardthespirit,isdescribedasarecordof 49. theauthorsaw,heardandthoughtduringtheterriblemomentsofthecrisis. 50. （it）EnglishversionwillplayapositiveroleintellingChina'sstorytotheworld.第四部分寫(xiě)作