2022-2023學(xué)年江蘇省鹽城市重點(diǎn)中學(xué)高二（下）期中英語(yǔ)試卷-普通用卷

第=page11頁(yè)，共=sectionpages11頁(yè)2022-2023學(xué)年江蘇省鹽城市重點(diǎn)中學(xué)高二（下）期中英語(yǔ)試卷一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共37.5分）AHerearefourorganizationsthatrescueandtrainshelterdogstobeserviceanimals.

Merlin'sKids

Merlin'sKidsisanorganizationthatrescuesandtrainsshelterdogstobecomeserviceanimalsforchildrenwithspecialneedsforemotionalsupport.Dogscanexpandkids'socialcomfortzoneanddramaticallyimprovetheirmentalhealth.Inthepublic'seyes，theseworkingdogshaveprovedthatshelteranimalsareamazing.

PetsforVets（老兵）

AnimaltrainerClarissaBlackcreatedPetsforVetsin2009asawaytosay"thankyou"toournation'sheroes.Thisorganizationrecognizesthatmanyvetsreturnhomewithscars（傷疤），whichmakeitdifficultforthemtoliveanormallife.PetsforVetswasfoundedtorescueandtrainshelteranimalstoprovidetherapydogsforvets.Theorganizationsaysthatwhenthevetismatchedwiththerightdog，bothoftheirliveschangeforthebetter.

PawsWithaCause

Thisorganizationhasbeenaroundsince1979anditimprovestheindependenceandqualityoflifeforpeoplewithdisabilities.PawsWithaCausespecializesinhelpingpeoplewithdisabilitiescompletedailytasksandthedogscanopendoorsandpullawheelchair.Theorganization'sfoundersMikeandCandyeareverypleasedwithitsdevelopment.

CanDoCanines

AdogfromalocalshelterhelpedstartCanDoCaninesin1989.NamedAnnie，sheassistedherownerforeightyears.Anniewasthefirstofover500rescueddogsspeciallytrainedasservicedogstoassistpeoplewithhearingproblems，diabetes（糖尿病）andautism.Butifadogintheorganizationisnotsuitedduetobehaviororillness，thedogisnevertrainedagainandplacedintoaforeverhomewithafamily.1.Merlin'sKidshelpsthechildrenwith______.A.hearingproblems B.scars

C.diabetes D.emotionalproblems2.WhenwasPawsWithaCausesetup？______A.In1960. B.In1979. C.In1989. D.In2009.3.WhogaveCanDoCaninesagoodstart？______A.Annie. B.Merlin.

C.ClarissaBlack. D.MikeandCandye.BScottKellyvisitedtheUniversityofWisconsin-Madison（UW）.Hesharedhisexperiencesinspacewithstudents.

Kellygraduatedfromcollegewithanengineeringdegreein1987.HewaslateracceptedintoNavyflightschool.In1995，KellysenthisapplicationtoNASAtobecomeanastronaut.Hethought，"IfI'mgoingtofailatsomething，ImightaswelljustfailatsomethingthatIthinkIcan'tachieve."That'swhatKellytoldtheaudienceatUW.Tohissurprise，helandedaninterview.

From1999to2016，Kellytookpartinfourspacemissions.HisfirstwasarepairtriptotheHubbleSpaceTelescope.Onhissecondtrip，in2007，hewasthemissioncommander.Kellyfinishedhisthirdmissionin2011.Itwasafive-monthstayontheInternationalSpaceStation（ISS）.NASAwasinterestedintheideaofsendingpeopletospaceforanevenlongerperiodoftime.ThespaceagencythenchoseKellytosetoffona340-daymissiontotheISS.Thetripbecameoneofthelongesttimeeverspentinspace.

Themainpurposeofthemissionwastostudyhowthehumanbodyrespondstoalongspaceflight.Spaceweakensyourbonesandmusclesbecauseyourbodydoesn'thavetousethemmuchinlowgravity.Thatswhyastronautsworkoutforatleasttwohoursaday.Eyesightisalsogreatlyaffectedbyspacetravel.Kellysaysthathewearsglassestocorrecthisvisionbecauseofhistimespentinspace.

There'sstillalottolearnabouttheeffectsofspaceflightsonthebody.Andthere'salwaysworktobedoneinspace.Themorepeoplewhogetinterestedinspace，themorestepswecantaketowardapossiblemoonbase，orevenaMarsbase.

Forkidsdesiringtobecomeastronauts，Kellyhassomeadvice，"Choosesomethingthatyoulike，becauseifyoulikeit，you'lldobetteratit".4.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph2mean？______A.Kellywasveryafraidoffailure.

B.Kellywassurethathewouldberejected.

C.Kellydidn'treallyliketobeanastronaut.

D.Kellywasveryconfidentabouttheapplication.5.HowlongdidKelly'sfourthmissionlast？______A.Fivemonths. B.Abouthalfayear.

C.Aroundayear. D.Twoyears.6.Whatcanwelearnabouttheeffectsofspaceflights？______A.Wearingglassesinspacecanavoidthem.

B.Theydisappearwhenastronautsgethome.

C.Professionalexercisecanreducethem.

D.Researchershavealreadyovercomethem.7.WhatmayKellyagreewithaccordingtothelastparagraph？______A.Interestisthebestteacher.

B.Romewasnotbuiltinaday.

C.Nowayisimpossibletocourage.

D.Wherethereisawill，thereisaway.CIn1547，thekingofSpainsentacoded（編碼的）lettertohisambassadorinFrance.Now，afternearly500years，researchershavefinallycracked（破解）thecodeandcanreadtheletter.Itturnsoutthatthekingwasworriedsomeonemightbetryingtokillhim.

CharlesVwasthekingofSpainfrom1516to1556.ButhispowerwentfarbeyondSpain.Asthe"HolyRomanEmperor"，CharlesVcontrolledlandsacrossEurope.Inspiteofhisgreatpower，hehadtomanagemanythreats.

Threeyearsbeforetheletterwaswritten，CharlesVhadmadeapeacedealwithKingFrancisIofFrance.Buttherewasstillalotofinformationhedidn'twanttosharewiththekingofFrance.

Atthetime，theonlywaytocommunicateacrosslongdistanceswastosendletters.Butlettersweren'tsecure.SoCharlesVusedacomplicatedcodetosendinformationthatneededtobekeptsecret.

CecilePierrotisacryptographer--anexpertincodes.Sheandateamofothercryptographerssetouttofigureoutwhatthelettersaid.ThecodewashardertocrackthanMs.Pierrothadexpected.Butastheresearchersstudiedthethreeletter，theybegantonoticesomepatterns.

Somesymbolsstoodforjustoneletter.Othersstoodforseveralletterscombined.Andafewofthesymbolsstoodforwholewords.Tomakethingsmoredifficult，somesymbolsmeantnothingatallandwereonlyincludedtomakethecodehardertocrack.

Afterthreeyearsofefforts，theexpertsfinallycrackedthecode.TheteamsaysthedecodedlettertellsthemalotabouttensionsinEuropeatthetime.Thediscoveryopensadoortoevenmorehistory.TherearehundredsofsimilarlettersalloverEurope.Nowthatthecodeisbroken，historianswillhaveamucheasiertimelearningwhatCharlesVwasthinkingaboutduringhistimeasaleader.8.WhomdidCharlesVsendtheletterto？______A.Anambassador. B.RomanEmperor.

C.KingFrancisI. D.CecilePierrot.9.WhydidCharlesVsendacodedletter？______A.Helikedplayingwithcodes. B.Itwashiswritingstyle.

C.Itwasaruleatthetime. D.Theletterinvolvedsecrets.10.Whatisparagraph6mainlyabout？______A.Theprocessofthework.

B.Thepatternsofthecode.

C.Theimportanceoftheletter.

D.Theinformationabouttheexperts.11.Whatdoesthelastparagraphindicate？______A.Thecodewillbecomemorepopular.

B.Itwillbeeasierforpeopletocreatecodes.

C.Therewillbemorediscoveriesinthefuture.

D.Peoplewillgetmoreinformationaboutallleaders.DTheanswertotrafficjamsonthehighwaysaroundairportscouldbeelectricairtaxis.Butthisisnotafuturisticdream.UnitedAirlinesishelpingtomakeitareality.

Thecarrierisordering200electricairtaxis，alsocalledeVOTLplanes，fromEveAirMobilitywhichdesignedvehiclesforshortdistance—likegoingfromcitycenterstoairports—thatcanseatfourpassengers.TheeVOTLplanestakeoffandlandlikehelicopters.

Thesevehiclesthatareduetobedeliveredin2026canflyfromrooftoptorooftop.Thesetypesofvehiclesaremoreenvironmentalthanusinggroundtransportation.That'sbecausetheairtaxisuseelectricenginesthathavenocarbonemissions（碳排放）.Thiswillreducepollutionandnoiselevelsby90percent，accordingtoUnitedAirlinesandEveAirMobility.

"OuragreementwithEveshowsourconfidenceintheurbanairmobilitymarketandservesasanotherimportantsteptowardourgoalofnetzerocarbonemissionsby2050，"saidMichaelLeskinen，presidentofUnitedAirlinesVentures."We'llgettherenotwithemptygestures，butbytakingtheharderpathofactuallyreducingtheemissionsfromflying."Ifthecompanymeetsitsgoalofreducingitscarbonfootprinttonetzero，itwillbethefirstUSairlinetodoso.

Thisisn'tUnited'sfirsttryforenvironmentalprotection.Thecompanystartedusingbio-fuel（生物燃料）inflightsfromLosAngelesin2016.ItwasthefirstairlineintheUStopromisetosignificantlyusebio-fuelandthiscouldcutemissionsby60percent.Frombabystepstoflyingones，thisairlineisworkingonitscommitmenttotheenvironment.Hopefullythisisjustonepartofaglobalcommitmenttogreentheairlineindustry.12.HowdoestheauthorintroducethetakeoffandlandingofeVOTLplanes？______A.Byprovidingalonglist. B.Byusingexperts'words.

C.Bymakingacomparison. D.Byreferringtoanewsreport.13.WhatcanwelearnabouttheeVOTLplanes？______A.Theymakenonoisewhenflying.

B.Theyeachcanholdeightpassengers.

C.Theyaredesignedforlongdistances.

D.Theyarefriendlytotheenvironment.14.WhatcanbeinferredaboutUnitedAirlines？______A.Itpromisestousebio-fuelin2050.

B.Ithasapioneeringspirit.

C.Itstoppedcarbonemissionsin2016.

D.Itshowsnointerestinelectricairtaxis.15.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext？______A.ThePromisingFutureofAirTravelIsSeenNow

B.MoreCompaniesAreDevelopingGreenTechnologies

C.ElectricAirTaxisWillMakeGettingtotheAirportEasy

D.ElectricAirTaxisWillBePutIntoWideUseintheFuture二、閱讀七選五（本大題共5小題，共12.5分）HowtoStudyEffectively

Withpressureandcompetitionrisingineducation，studentsnowadaysareeagertofindthebestmethodsortoolstoimprovetheiracademicscores.So，questionslike"Whatisthebeststudymethod？"or"HowcanIlearnknowledgefaster？"ariseintheirminds.（1）______.

Playtheroleofateacher

Ausefulwaytorememberlessonsistoexplainthemaloudtoyourself.Onceyoulearnastudymaterial，trytoexplainittoyourselforyourfriendsasyourteachersexplainittoyou.Thiswillhelpyoutoclearyourconfusionrelatedtothelesson.（2）______.Thiswillnotonlyhelpthedetailsstickinyourmindbuthelpyoutobewellpreparedforyourexams.

（3）______

Manystudentsfaceachallengelike"Whycan'tIrememberwhatI'vestudied？"（4）______.Atiredbrainisabarriertolearning.Exercisebeforestudyinghelpstoliftyourmood.Infact，physicalactivityhelpswakeyouupsoyoufeelreadywhenyousitdownwithyourbooks.

Absorbinformationinsmallerchunks（塊）

（5）______：Youdividethe11numbersintothreesmallergroups.It'seasiertogetthesethreechunkstostickinyourmindthanitistorememberthewholethingasasinglestringofinformation.Youcanusethisstrategywhenstudyingbybreakingalistdownintosmallerparts.Workonmemorizingeachpartasitsowngroup.

Lastbutnottheleast，thesetipsonhowtostudyeffectivelycanonlyworkifthereisenoughmotivationandwillpowertodowell.Youhavetomotivateyourselftoreachthestudygoals.

A.Workoutbeforestudying

B.Youcancallyourparentsforhelp

C.Startwithyourtoughestassignments

D.Ithasalottodowiththebraingettingtootired

E.Thinkabouthowyoumemorizeaphonenumber

F.Thefollowingaresomeofthebesttipsonhowtostudyeffectively

G.Also，youcanaskyourselfquestionsjustlikeyourteacherswouldaskyou16.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空（本大題共15小題，共15.0分）Asachild，Iwasaloner.Iwasanonlychild，andmymotherwasasingleparent（1）______hersoninthe1980s.Igrewupprettyisolated（孤零零的），（2）______fromotherchildren.AllIhadwerecomicbooksandabunchofdolls.

Thesefeelingsofisolationandloneliness（3）______untilmyteenyears.Igraduallybecamealonely，angryandsocially（4）______teenager.Thiswasallboundto（5）______，however.Asluck，orfatewouldhaveit，akidinmyclassbroughtabooktoour（6）______onedayandbegantoshowitaroundtotherestofourclassmates.（7）______struck，andIabsolutelyhadtohavealook.

Thekidbroughthisbrother'scopyofDungeonsandDragonsPlayersHandbookandwasofferingtoteachtheothers（8）______toplay.Lookingatthebeautifulcover，Iwasso（9）______thatIaskedifIcouldcomeoverand（10）______.

Therestastheysayishistory，andsincethatdayI'vebeengamingonandoffanditalsochangedmealot.

The（11）______notonlyhelpedme（12）______theisolationIfelt，italso（13）______metoopenuptoothers，makingfriendsalongtheway.Butthat'snottheonlythingI（14）______fromplayingDungeonsandDragons.Ialsopickedupafewlife（15）______alongtheway.21.

A.raising B.following C.visiting D.finding22.

A.immediately B.appropriately C.recently D.especially23.

A.disappeared B.broke C.continued D.flew24.

A.responsible B.useful C.desirable D.awkward25.

A.grow B.change C.happen D.fail26.

A.home B.shop C.class D.library27.

A.Incident B.Surprise C.Accident D.Curiosity28.

A.how B.what C.where D.which29.

A.worried B.frightened C.attracted D.challenged30.

A.complain B.cry C.laugh D.play31.

A.kid B.game C.book D.history32.

A.dealwith B.lookafter C.carefor D.takeover33.

A.bothered B.taught C.ordered D.invited34.

A.brought B.heard C.learnt D.borrowed35.

A.stories B.exhibitions C.journeys D.lessons四、語(yǔ)法填空（本大題共1小題，共15.0分）36.80-year-oldTatsuoHoriuchifromJapanisknownallaroundtheworldforhisincredibledrawingskills.Hedoesn'tusepencils，pensorpaintforhisart.Instead，he（1）______（create）masterpiecesinMicrosoftExcel!

Around20yearsago，beforeretiring，Horiuchithoughtthatheneededanewchallengeinhislife.Sohesettledonpainting.However，hedidn'twanttospendmoneyonart（2）______（supply）—hedecidedtousehisPC.Buthedidn'tgoforanyfancydigitaldrawingsoftwareeitherandhechoseExcel.

"Ididn'texpect（3）______（improve）mypaintingimmediately，soImadea10-yearplan，"Horiuchisaid.

"Forthefirst3years，Ifocused（4）______'drawing'anddrewallthethingsthatcould（5）______（see），suchasvegetables，carrots，Japaneseradishand（6）______（length）grass.For（7）______next3years，Ipractisedcombiningthepointsonebyonetoconstructapainting."

Sixyearsafter（8）______（start）hisExcelartjourney，HoriuchiappliedtoanExcelAuthoshapeArtContestandwonthegrandprize.That's（9）______hegraduallystartedgettingmoreandmoreattentionfrompeopleforhisskills.

Sincethen，hehasbecomesomewhatofalegendandhegetsagreatsenseof（10）______（achieve）fromhisartwork.五、任務(wù)型讀寫（本大題共1小題，共25.0分）37.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。

Itwasthelastgameoftheseason.Calihadbeenplayingsoccerallsummer.Shereallyenjoyedrunningaroundwiththeotherplayers.Asmuchasshetried,though,Calistillhadnotscoredonesinglegoal.

"Don'tgiveup,"saidhercoach.HeshowedCaliandherteamhowtopasstheballtoeachotherandtakeshotsatthegoal.Caliwasprettygoodatpassingtheball,butevenduringpractices,shecouldn'tkicktheballpastthegoalkeeper.Shewonderedifsheshouldquitsoccerforgood.

"Don'tgiveup,"saidUncleGeorge-andAuntLisa.Butitwashalf-time,andCaliwasfeelingupset.Shewastrying!Everytimeshegotachancetokicktheball,itwouldgointhewrongdirectionoraplayerfromtheotherteamwouldtakecontrolofit.Maybeshewouldtryadifferentsportnextsummer.

Thebreakwasoverandthereferee(裁判)blewherwhistletostartthegameagain.Thetwoteamswalkedbackontothefield,bothdeterminedtowin.Caliheardherauntwhisperinherear."Lookforanopportunitytogettheball.Youcandoit."Calitookadeepbreath.Evenifshedidn'tgetonegoalallsummer,sheknewthatshehadtriedherbest.Thatwassomethingtobeproudof.

Theyellowteamwasprettygood,butCali'sblueteamwasfast.Caliwasofftothesidewhentheballheadedherway.Sheranovertoitandkickedit.Shewatcheditlandrightinfrontofagirlontheyellowteamwhoexpertlystoppeditandsentitbackintheotherdirection.Calisighed(嘆氣).

Calidecidedshe'dwaituntilthegamewasoverandthenshewasgoingtohanguphersoccershoesforgood.

Calistarteddaydreamingaboutbecomingahip-hopdancerinstead.Shewaswokenfromherdaydreambysomemusicthatwasdefinitelynothip-hop.Itwasthesweet,happyjingleoftheicecreamtruck.

注意：

1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；

2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

Itwasrightbesidethesoccerfield,playingitsmusicloudlytoattractcustomersandplayersaswell.

____________________________________________________

____________________________________________________

Sheranfasttotheball.

____________________________________________________

____________________________________________________六、書面表達(dá)（本大題共1小題，共15.0分）38.假定你是李華。本周五你們班將舉行一次主題為MyFutureCareer的班會(huì)。請(qǐng)你就此寫一篇發(fā)言稿，內(nèi)容包括：

（1）你未來(lái)想從事的職業(yè)；

（2）選擇從事此職業(yè)的原因；

（3）你為此做出的努力。

注意：

（1）寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；

（2）請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

MyFutureCareer

答案和解析1~3.【答案】D、B、A【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Merlin'sKids部分Merlin'sKidsisanorganizationthatrescuesandtrainsshelterdogstobecomeserviceanimalsforchildrenwithspecialneedsforemotionalsupport.（Merlin'sKids是一個(gè)組織，拯救和訓(xùn)練收容所的狗，讓它們成為有特殊情感需要的兒童的服務(wù)性動(dòng)物。）可知，Merlin'sKids幫助有情感問(wèn)題的孩子。故選D。

（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Paws

With

a

Cause部分This

organization

has

been

around

since

1979

and

it

improves

the

independence

and

quality

of

life

for

people

with

disabilities.

（該組織自1979年成立以來(lái)，一直致力于提高殘疾人的獨(dú)立性和生活質(zhì)量。）可知，Paws

With

a

Cause是1979年建立的。故選B。

（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Can

Do

Canines部分A

dog

from

a

local

shelter

helped

start

Can

do

Canines

in

1989.Named

Annie，she

assisted

her

owner

for

eight

years.

（1989年，一只來(lái)自當(dāng)?shù)厥杖菟墓穾椭鷦?chuàng)立了CandoCanines。她的名字叫Annie，為她的主人服務(wù)了8年。）可知，Annie給了Can

Do

Canines一個(gè)好的開始。故選A。

這是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了四個(gè)救助和訓(xùn)練狗成為服務(wù)性動(dòng)物的組織。

閱讀理解題測(cè)試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對(duì)未說(shuō)明的趨勢(shì)或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論，對(duì)文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋?？忌紫纫屑?xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點(diǎn)。

4~7.【答案】B、C、C、A【解析】（1）詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線句前內(nèi)容He

was

later

accepted

into

Navy

flight

school.In

1995，Kelly

sent

his

application

to

NASA

to

become

an

astronaut（后來(lái)他被海軍飛行學(xué)校錄取。1995年，凱利向美國(guó)宇航局遞交了成為一名宇航員的申請(qǐng)。）.可知，他向NASA遞交了想成為宇航員的申請(qǐng)，結(jié)合劃線句子后的To

his

surprise，he

landed

an

interview.（令他吃驚的是，他得到了一次面試機(jī)會(huì)。）可知，令他驚訝的是，他成功得到了一個(gè)面試的機(jī)會(huì)，由此可推斷，"Kelly覺(jué)得有可能會(huì)被NASA拒絕"，但最終得到面試機(jī)會(huì)，所以感到很驚訝。A．Kelly

was

very

afraid

of

failure.凱利非常害怕失?。籅．Kelly

was

sure

that

he

would

be

rejected.凱利確信他會(huì)被拒絕；C．Kelly

didn't

really

like

to

be

an

astronaut.凱利并不真的喜歡當(dāng)宇航員；D．Kelly

was

very

confident

about

the

application.凱利對(duì)申請(qǐng)非常有信心。故選B項(xiàng)。

（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段Kelly

finished

his

third

mission

in

2011.It

was

a

five-month

stay

on

the

International

Space

Station

（ISS）.NASA

was

interested

in

the

idea

of

sending

people

to

space

for

an

even

longer

period

of

time.The

space

agency

then

chose

Kelly

to

set

off

on

a

340-day

mission

to

the

ISS.（凱利在2011年完成了他的第三次任務(wù)。它在國(guó)際空間站（ISS）停留了五個(gè)月。美國(guó)國(guó)家航空和宇宙航行局對(duì)把人送到太空停留更長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的想法很感興趣。美國(guó)宇航局隨后選擇凱利前往國(guó)際空間站執(zhí)行為期340天的任務(wù)。）

可知，在Kelly完成為期5個(gè)月的太空站之旅后，NASA對(duì)派人到太空更長(zhǎng)時(shí)間感興趣，太空局選擇Kelly去太空站執(zhí)行為期340天的任務(wù)，即：第四次航天任務(wù)為期一年左右，故選C項(xiàng)。

（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段Space

weakens

your

bones

and

muscles

because

your

body

doesn't

have

to

use

them

much

in

low

gravity.That

s

why

astronauts

work

out

for

at

least

two

hours

a

day.（太空會(huì)削弱你的骨骼和肌肉，因?yàn)槟愕纳眢w不需要在低重力下使用它們。這就是為什么宇航員每天至少要鍛煉兩個(gè)小時(shí)。）可知，在太空幾乎不用骨骼與肌肉，很容易削弱它們，所以每天需要至少兩小時(shí)的鍛煉，由此可知，專業(yè)的鍛煉可以減弱太空旅行造成的對(duì)骨骼和肌肉的影響。故選C項(xiàng)。

（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段For

kids

desiring

to

become

astronauts，Kelly

has

some

advice，

"Choose

something

that

you

like，because

if

you

like

it，you'll

do

better

at

it"（對(duì)于渴望成為宇航員的孩子，凱利有一些建議："選擇你喜歡的東西，因?yàn)槿绻阆矚g它，你就會(huì)做得更好。"）可知，凱利對(duì)想成為宇航員的孩子們說(shuō)，選擇自己喜歡的事情，你就會(huì)把它做好，由此可推斷，凱利認(rèn)可"興趣是最好的老師"，所以建議孩子們?cè)谶x擇職業(yè)時(shí)要考慮自己的喜好。故選A項(xiàng)。

本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述的是美國(guó)航天員Scott

Kelly從事航天事業(yè)的經(jīng)歷。

一、速讀全文，了解大意知主題。閱讀能力一般指閱讀速度和理解能力兩個(gè)方面。閱讀速度是閱讀最基本的能力，考生必須在十分有限的時(shí)間內(nèi)運(yùn)用略讀、掃讀、跳讀等技巧快速閱讀，搜尋關(guān)鍵詞、主題句，捕捉時(shí)空、順序、情節(jié)、人物、觀點(diǎn)，并且理清文章脈絡(luò)，把握語(yǔ)篇實(shí)質(zhì)。二、看題干，帶著問(wèn)題讀文章。首先要掌握問(wèn)題的類型，客觀信息題可以從文章中直接找到答案；而主觀判斷題考查的是對(duì)文章的感情基調(diào)等，這類題必須經(jīng)過(guò)對(duì)作者的態(tài)度、意圖以及對(duì)整篇文章進(jìn)行深一層的推理等。其次，了解試題題干以及各個(gè)選項(xiàng)所包含的信息，然后有針對(duì)性地對(duì)文章進(jìn)行掃讀，對(duì)有關(guān)信息進(jìn)行快速定位。此法加強(qiáng)了閱讀的針對(duì)性，提高了做題的準(zhǔn)確率。三、邏輯推理，做好深層理解題。在實(shí)際閱讀中，有時(shí)作者并未把意圖說(shuō)出來(lái)，閱讀者要根據(jù)字面意思，通過(guò)語(yǔ)篇邏輯關(guān)系，研究細(xì)節(jié)的暗示，推敲作者的態(tài)度，理解文章的寓義。要求讀者對(duì)文字的表面信息進(jìn)行分析、挖掘和邏輯推理，不能就事論事，以偏概全。推理題在提問(wèn)中常用的詞有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。四、猜詞悟義，掃除閱讀攔路虎。猜詞是應(yīng)用英語(yǔ)的重要能力。它不但需要準(zhǔn)確無(wú)誤地理解上下文，而且要有較大的泛讀量，掌握或認(rèn)識(shí)較多的課外詞匯。我們要學(xué)會(huì)"順藤摸瓜"，通過(guò)構(gòu)詞，語(yǔ)法，定義，同位，對(duì)比，因果，常識(shí)，上下文等線索確定詞義。

8~11.【答案】A、D、B、C【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段In1547，thekingofSpainsentacoded（編碼的）lettertohisambassadorinFrance.（1547年，西班牙國(guó)王給他駐法國(guó)的大使發(fā)了一封密信）可知，查理五世把信寄給了大使。故選A。

（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段So

Charles

V

used

a

complicated

code

to

send

information

that

needed

to

be

kept

secret.（因此，查理五世使用了一種復(fù)雜的密碼來(lái)發(fā)送需要保密的信息）可知，查理五世要寄一封加密的信是因?yàn)檫@封信涉及保密。故選D。

（3）段落大意題。根據(jù)第六段Some

symbols

stood

for

just

one

letter.Others

stood

for

several

letters

combined.And

a

few

of

the

symbols

stood

for

whole

words.To

make

things

more

difficult，some

symbols

meant

nothing

at

all

and

were

only

included

to

make

the

code

harder

to

crack.（有些符號(hào)只代表一個(gè)字母。還有一些代表幾個(gè)字母的組合。還有一些符號(hào)代表整個(gè)單詞。為了使事情變得更加困難，一些符號(hào)根本沒(méi)有任何意義，只是為了使代碼更難破解）可知，本段描述了這段編碼的模式。A．The

process

of

the

work.工作的過(guò)程；B．The

patterns

of

the

code.代碼的模式；C．The

importance

of

the

letter.這封信的重要性；D．The

information

about

the

experts.關(guān)于專家的信息。故選B。

（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段The

discovery

opens

a

door

to

even

more

history.（這一發(fā)現(xiàn)為了解更多的歷史打開了一扇門）可推斷，未來(lái)還會(huì)有更多的發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選C。

這是一篇記敘文。文章主要說(shuō)明了1547年，西班牙國(guó)王給他駐法國(guó)的大使發(fā)了一封密信。如今，經(jīng)過(guò)近500年的時(shí)間，研究人員終于破解了密碼，并讀懂了這封信。

一、速讀全文，了解大意知主題。

閱讀能力一般指閱讀速度和理解能力兩個(gè)方面。閱讀速度是閱讀最基本的能力，考生必須在十分有限的時(shí)間內(nèi)運(yùn)用略讀、掃讀、跳讀等技巧快速閱讀，搜尋關(guān)鍵詞、主題句，捕捉時(shí)空、順序、情節(jié)、人物、觀點(diǎn)，并且理清文章脈絡(luò)，把握語(yǔ)篇實(shí)質(zhì)。

二、看題干，帶著問(wèn)題讀文章。

首先要掌握問(wèn)題的類型，客觀信息題可以從文章中直接找到答案；而主觀判斷題考查的是對(duì)文章的感情基調(diào)等，這類題必須經(jīng)過(guò)對(duì)作者的態(tài)度、意圖以及對(duì)整篇文章進(jìn)行深一層的推理等。其次，了解試題題干以及各個(gè)選項(xiàng)所包含的信息，然后有針對(duì)性地對(duì)文章進(jìn)行掃讀，對(duì)有關(guān)信息進(jìn)行快速定位。此法加強(qiáng)了閱讀的針對(duì)性，提高了做題的準(zhǔn)確率。

三、邏輯推理，做好深層理解題。

在實(shí)際閱讀中，有時(shí)作者并未把意圖說(shuō)出來(lái)，閱讀者要根據(jù)字面意思，通過(guò)語(yǔ)篇邏輯關(guān)系，研究細(xì)節(jié)的暗示，推敲作者的態(tài)度，理解文章的寓義。要求讀者對(duì)文字的表面信息進(jìn)行分析、挖掘和邏輯推理，不能就事論事，以偏概全。推理題在提問(wèn)中常用的詞有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。

四、猜詞悟義，掃除閱讀攔路虎。

猜詞是應(yīng)用英語(yǔ)的重要能力。它不但需要準(zhǔn)確無(wú)誤地理解上下文，而且要有較大的泛讀量，掌握或認(rèn)識(shí)較多的課外詞匯。我們要學(xué)會(huì)"順藤摸瓜"，通過(guò)構(gòu)詞，語(yǔ)法，定義，同位，對(duì)比，因果，常識(shí)，上下文等線索確定詞義。

12~15.【答案】C、D、B、C【解析】（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中TheeVOTLplanestakeoffandlandlikehelicopters.（eVOTL飛機(jī)像直升機(jī)一樣起飛和降落。）可推斷，作者通過(guò)比較來(lái)介紹這種飛機(jī)的起飛和降落。故選C。

（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中Thesetypesofvehiclesaremoreenvironmentalthanusinggroundtransportation.That'sbecausetheairtaxisuseelectricenginesthathavenocarbonemissions（碳排放）.（這些類型的車輛比使用地面運(yùn)輸更環(huán)保。這是因?yàn)榭罩谐鲎廛囀褂玫氖菦](méi)有碳排放的電動(dòng)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)。）可知，eVOTL飛機(jī)是環(huán)保的。故選D。

（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中Ifthecompanymeetsitsgoalofreducingitscarbonfootprinttonetzero，itwillbethefirstUSairlinetodoso.（如果該公司實(shí)現(xiàn)了將碳足印降至零的目標(biāo)，它將成為首家這樣做的美國(guó)航空公司。）以及最后一段中ItwasthefirstairlineintheUStopromisetosignificantlyusebio-fuelandthiscouldcutemissionsby60percent.（它是美國(guó)第一家承諾大量使用生物燃料的航空公司，這可以減少60%的排放量。）可推斷，美聯(lián)航具有開拓創(chuàng)新的精神。故選B。

（4）標(biāo)題概括題。閱讀全文，并根據(jù)第一段Theanswertotrafficjamsonthehighwaysaroundairportscouldbeelectricairtaxis.Butthisisnotafuturisticdream.UnitedAirlinesishelpingtomakeitareality.（解決機(jī)場(chǎng)周圍高速公路交通堵塞的辦法可能是電動(dòng)空中出租車。但這不是一個(gè)未來(lái)的夢(mèng)想。聯(lián)合航空正在幫助實(shí)現(xiàn)這一夢(mèng)想。）和第二段Thecarrierisordering200electricairtaxis，alsocalledeVOTLplanes，fromEveAirMobilitywhichdesignedvehiclesforshortdistance-likegoingfromcitycenterstoairports—thatcanseatfourpassengers.TheeVOTLplanestakeoffandlandlikehelicopters.（這家航空公司正在向EveairMobility訂購(gòu)200架電動(dòng)空中出租車，也稱為eVOTL飛機(jī)，該公司設(shè)計(jì)了從市中心到機(jī)場(chǎng)的短程交通工具，可容納四名乘客。eVOTL的飛機(jī)像直升機(jī)一樣起降。）可知，本文主要介紹了電動(dòng)空中出租車可以解決機(jī)場(chǎng)周圍高速公路交通堵塞問(wèn)題，讓到達(dá)機(jī)場(chǎng)變得輕松，所以C項(xiàng)"電動(dòng)空中出租車將使到達(dá)機(jī)場(chǎng)變得容易"符合文章主旨，適合做文章標(biāo)題。故選C。

本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了為了解決機(jī)場(chǎng)周圍高速公路交通堵塞，美聯(lián)航訂購(gòu)了200架電動(dòng)的空中出租車，用于從市中心到機(jī)場(chǎng)這段路。

閱讀理解題測(cè)試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對(duì)未說(shuō)明的趨勢(shì)或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論，對(duì)文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋?？忌紫纫屑?xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點(diǎn)。

16~20.【答案】F、G、A、D、E【解析】（1）推理判斷題?？涨癝o，questions

like

"What

is

the

best

study

method？"

or

"How

can

I

learn

knowledge

faster？"

arise

in

their

minds.（所以，像"最好的學(xué)習(xí)方法是什么？"或者"我怎樣才能更快地學(xué)習(xí)知識(shí)？""在他們心中興起。）提到關(guān)于如何有效學(xué)習(xí)的兩個(gè)問(wèn)題，下文描述了三個(gè)方法，故F．The

following

are

some

of

the

best

tips

on

how

to

study

effectively（下面是一些關(guān)于如何有效學(xué)習(xí)的建議）承上啟下，符合語(yǔ)境。故選F。

（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題Playtheroleofateacher（扮演老師的角色），及空后Thiswillnotonlyhelpthedetailsstickinyourmindbuthelpyoutobewellpreparedforyourexams.（這不僅可以幫助你記住細(xì)節(jié)，還可以幫助你為考試做好準(zhǔn)備。）可知，空處是提到扮演老師的角色的另一種做法，下文是其好處，G．Also，you

can

ask

yourself

questions

just

like

your

teachers

would

ask

you（此外，你也可以像老師一樣提問(wèn)自己）符合語(yǔ)境。故選G。

（3）段落標(biāo)題題。根據(jù)本段的內(nèi)容，尤其是Exercisebeforestudyinghelpstoliftyourmood.Infact，physicalactivityhelpswakeyouupsoyoufeelreadywhenyousitdownwithyourbooks.（學(xué)習(xí)前鍛煉有助于提升你的情緒。事實(shí)上，體育活動(dòng)有助于喚醒你，這樣當(dāng)你坐下來(lái)看書時(shí)，你就會(huì)感覺(jué)準(zhǔn)備好了。）可知，本段和鍛煉有關(guān)，故A．Work

out

before

studying（在學(xué)習(xí)前進(jìn)行鍛煉）符合語(yǔ)境。故選A。

（4）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。上文Many

students

face

a

challenge

like

"Why

can't

I

remember

what

I've

studied？"（許多學(xué)生都面臨著這樣的挑戰(zhàn)："為什么我記不住我學(xué)過(guò)的東西？"）提到，很多學(xué)生疑惑自己為什么記不住學(xué)過(guò)的東西，結(jié)合空后Atiredbrainisabarriertolearning.（大腦疲勞是學(xué)習(xí)的障礙。）可知，記不住學(xué)過(guò)的東西應(yīng)是和大腦疲勞有關(guān)系，D．It

has

a

lot

to

do

with

the

brain

getting

too

tired（這和大腦疲勞有很大關(guān)系）符合語(yǔ)境。故選D。

（5）推理判斷題。根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題Absorbinformationinsmallerchunks（塊）（把信息分成小塊吸收），及空后Youdividethe11numbersintothreesmallergroups.（你把這11個(gè)數(shù)字分成三個(gè)小的組。）可知，此處是描述用把信息分成小塊的方法記住電話號(hào)碼，E．Think

about

how

you

memorize

a

phone

number（想想你是如何記住一個(gè)手機(jī)號(hào)碼的）符合語(yǔ)境。故選E。

這是一篇說(shuō)明文，文章主要講述了如何有效學(xué)習(xí)。

關(guān)于選句填空的做題步驟：

步驟一：快速瀏覽一遍備選答案，先確定哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)適合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：標(biāo)題，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。

步驟二：快速瀏覽文章，確定文章體裁，抓住文章結(jié)構(gòu)。

步驟三：分析篇章結(jié)構(gòu)，找出各段的主題句或主旨大意。

步驟四：注意各選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)的句子銜接手段，尋找句中銜接標(biāo)志詞。

步驟五：區(qū)分相似項(xiàng)。

21~35.【答案】A、D、C、D、B、C、D、A、C、D、B、A、B、C、D【解析】（1）考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.raising撫養(yǎng)；B.following跟隨；C.visiting參觀；D.finding發(fā)現(xiàn)。句意：我是家里唯一的孩子，而我的母親是在上世紀(jì)80年代撫養(yǎng)兒子的單親媽媽。根據(jù)上句"andmymotherwasasingleparent"可知，母親是單親，所以獨(dú)自撫養(yǎng)著作者。故選A。

（2）考查副詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.immediately立即；B.appropriately適當(dāng)?shù)兀籆.recently最近；D.especially尤其。句意：我從小就很孤獨(dú)，尤其是與其他孩子隔絕。根據(jù)空后"from

other

children."可知，作者尤其很難和其他孩子相處。故選D。

（3）考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.disappeared消失；B.broke打破；C.continued繼續(xù)；D.flew飛。句意：這種孤立和孤獨(dú)的感覺(jué)一直持續(xù)到我的青少年時(shí)期。根據(jù)空后"until

my

teen

years."可知，這種孤獨(dú)的感覺(jué)一直持續(xù)到作者十幾歲。故選C。

（4）考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.responsible負(fù)責(zé)任的；B.useful有用的；C.desirable令人滿意的；D.awkward笨拙的。句意：我逐漸變成了一個(gè)孤獨(dú)、易怒、不善社交的青少年。根據(jù)上句"I

gradually

became

a

lonely，angry"可知，作者在社交方面很笨拙。故選D。

（5）考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.grow生長(zhǎng)；B.change改變；C.happen發(fā)生；D.fail失敗。句意：然而，這一切注定要改變。根據(jù)下句"however.As

luck，or

fate

would

have

it，a

kid

in

my

class

brought

a

book

to

our（6）one

day

and

began

to

show

it

around

to

the

rest

of

our

classmates."及后文可知，這一切改變了作者。故選B。

（6）考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.home家；B.shop商店；C.class班級(jí)；D.library圖書館。句意：不知是運(yùn)氣，還是命運(yùn)使然，有一天，我們班的一個(gè)孩子帶了一本書到我們班，并開始給其他同學(xué)看。根據(jù)下句"and

began

to

show

it

around

to

the

rest

of

our

classmates."可知，作者班級(jí)同學(xué)帶來(lái)一本書到班級(jí)。故選C。

（7）考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.Incident事件；B.Surprise驚訝；C.Accident事故；D.Curiosity好奇心。句意：好奇心來(lái)了，我一定要看一看。根據(jù)下句"and

I

absolutely

had

to

have

a

look."可知，作者的好奇心襲來(lái)，必須要看一這本書。故選D。

（8）考查疑問(wèn)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.how如何；B.what什么；C.where哪里；D.which哪一個(gè)。句意：這個(gè)孩子帶來(lái)了他哥哥的《龍與地下城玩家手冊(cè)》，并提出要教其