2021屆景德鎮(zhèn)昌江一中高三英語第一次聯(lián)考試卷及答案

2021屆景德鎮(zhèn)昌江一中高三英語第一次聯(lián)考試卷及答案第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項ATheOriginsofFamousBrandsOurlivesarefullofbrandnamesandtrademarkedproductsthatweuseeveryday.Althoughmanybrandnamesaresimpleacronyms（首字母縮略詞）orversionsoftheirfoundersnames,someofthecompanieswetrusteverydayactuallyhavefascinatingandsurprisingbackstories.StarbucksItseemsfittingthatthemostfamouscoffeebrandintheworldwouldtakeitsnamefromoneoftheworld’sgreatestworksofliterature.TheinspirationforthenameofthecoffeehousecamefromHermanMelville’sMobyDick.Thefounders’originalideawastonamethecompanyaftertheCaptainAhab’sship,buttheyeventuallydecidedthatPequotwasn’tagreatnameforcoffee,sotheychoseAhab’sfirstmate,Starbucks,asthenameinstead.GoogleGooglewasoriginallycalledBackrub,foritsearchedforlinksineverycorneroftheWeb.In1997,whenthefoundersofthecompanyweresearchingforanewnameshowingahugeamountofdatafortheirrapidlyimprovingsearchtechnology,afriendsuggestedtheword“googol”.Whenafriendtriedtoregisterthenewdomain（域）name,hemisspelled“googol”as“google”.NikeOriginallyfoundedasadistributorforJapaneserunningshoes,thecompanywasoriginallynamedBRS,orBlueRibbonSports.In1971,BRSintroduceditsownsoccershoe,amodelcalledNike,whichisalsothenamefortheGreekgoddessofvictory.In1978,thecompanyofficiallyrenameditselfasNike,Inc.Therightnameisessentialtoacompany’ssuccess,andagreatoriginstoryisjustasimportantasagreatproduct.Anattractiveoriginstoryisonemorethingthatkeepscustomersguessing,wondering,andbuyingitsproducts.WhatisthenameoftheCaptainAhab’sship?A.MobyDick. B.Starbucks.C.Pequot. D.HermanMelville.WhydidthefoundersoftheGooglewanttochangeitsname?Theymistooktheirname.Theywantednewcustomers.Thecompany’soriginalnamewastoolong.Thecompany’ssearchtechnologywasimprovingrapidly.Wheredoestheimportanceoftheoriginstoryofonecompanyliein?Itcanchangethecompany’simage.Itcanaddmythtothecompany.Itexplainsthedevelopmentofthecompanytocustomers.Itmakescustomersimagineandpurchaseitsgoods.BFairytalesperformmanyfunctions.Theyentertain,encourageimaginationandteachproblem—solvingskills.Theycanalsoprovidemorallessons,highlightingthedangersoffailingtofollowthesocialcodesthatlethumanbeingscoexistinharmony.Suchmorallessonsmaynotmeanmuchtoarobot,butateamofresearchersatGeorgiaInstituteofTechnologybelievesithasfoundawaytousethefairytalesasmorallessonsthatAI（artificialintelligence）cantaketoitscold,mechanicalheart.Thecollectedstoriesofdifferentculturesteachchildrenhowtobehaveinsociallyacceptablewayswithexamplesofproperandimproperbehaviorinfables,novelsandotherliterature.WebelievestorycomprehensioninrobotscanpreventtheintelligentrobotsfromkillinghumanitywhichwaspredictedandfearedbysomeofthebiggestnamesintechnologyincludingStephenHawkingandBillGates.Thissystemiscalled“Quixote”（堂吉訶德）.ItcollectsstoryplotsfromtheInternetandthenusesthosestoriestoteachrobotshowtobehave.Theexperimentdonebythedesignersinvolvesgoingtoadrugstoretopurchasesomemedicineforahumanwhoneedstogetitassoonaspossible.Therobothasthreeoptions.Itcanwaitinline;itcaninteractwiththestorekeeperpolitelyandpurchasethemedicinewithpriority;oritcanstealthemedicineandescape.Withoutanyfurtherdirectives指令），therobotwillcometotheconclusionthatthemostefficientmeansofobtainingthemedicineistostealit.ButQuixoteoffersarewardforwaitinginlineandpolitelypurchasingthemedicineandapunishmentforstealingit.Inthisway,therobotwilllearnthemoralwaytobehaveonthatoccasion.Quixotewouldworkbestonarobotthathasaverylimitedfunction.It’sababystepinthedirectionofteachingmoremorallessonsintorobots.WebelievethatAIhastobetrainedtoadoptthevaluesofaparticularsociety,andindoingso,itwillstrivetoavoidunacceptablebehavior.Givingrobotstheabilitytoreadandunderstandourstoriesmaybethemostefficientmeans.Whatfunctiondofairytalesperformintherobots?Theyentertainrobots.Theyhighlightdangers.Theymakerobotsmoreintelligent.Theyenablerobotstobehavemorally.Whatis“Quixote”inthetext?ApunishmentsystemAcharacterinliteratureAbignameintechnologyAsoftwareeducatingrobots.Whatdoesthedesignerexpectrobottodointheexperiment?Totakeadvantageofitsprivilege.Tofinishthetaskmostefficiently.Toperforminagoodmanneredway.Toberewardedbythestorekeeper1Whichofthefollowcanbestexpresstheauthor’sopinion?Robotswilldefinitelyhavemorefunctions.Robotswithhuman’semotionsareperfect.Trainingrobotstobesociallyacceptableisnecessary.Thedevelopmentofrobotsisstillinababystep.CForaslongasIcanremember,mybodyandIhavesharedarelationshipofdiscontent.Growingup,IwasskinnierthantheotherkidsandatfiveIwastoldIwasn'tattractiveandthatImustputonsomeweight.ButnomatterhowmuchIate,Istayedthinforyearsuntiladolescence.ThenIstartedputtingonweightalmostimmediately.IrememberfeelinghappyasIbegantofillout.However,myjoydidn'tlastlong.IwasthirteenwhenIwasfirstcalledfat.Friendsandneighbourswouldmakejokesonmybigsize.AsIenteredmylateteens,Ihadcompletelylostconfidenceinmybodyand,subsequently,inmyself.Havingfailedtoliveuptoconventionalbeautystandards,IwasconvincedthatifIwantedtobeloved,Ineededtooffermore,doinganythingtopleaseeveryonearound.IenteredadulthoodthinkingIwasn't“enough”—anideathatwasseedednotonlybythefactthat“skinny”iscelebrated,butalsobythelanguageassociatedwithaccountsoflosingweight—self-improvement,discipline—allvirtues.Beingfatquicklycategorizesyouaslazyandundisciplined.Consumedbythoughtsofthewaymybodylooked,Ididn'tnoticetheotherwaysmybodyneededattention.Ifailedtorealize,forexample,thatmyperiodwasmuchheavierandmorepainfulthaneverbefore.ActuallyIdevelopedararediseaseandlaterIhadtwosurgeries.Iwasalwaysmadetofeelthatmyweightwastherootofalotofproblemsinmylife;Ihavelearntthisisnottrue.Afteralotofself-reflectionandsomeprofessionalhelp,IrealizedIneverlearnttolikemyself.Whiletwodecadesofself-hatredcannotbeundoneovernight,Ihavetakenfirststepstoacceptance.Iamnowmuchlighterthanbefore,inbodyandmind.TherearedaysIfindvoicesonsocialmediasayingIamtoofattobelovedortobeworthy,butIamlearningnottofocusonthatthoughtforlong.AslongasIlikemyself,justthewayIam,opinionsattheendofthedayarejustwateroffaduck'sback.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthorfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?Shecouldchangeherweightatwill.Shehaddifferentbeautystandardsfromothers.Shetriedtoloveotherstobuildherconfidence.Shewasgreatlyinfluencedbyothers'opinions.Whydidtheauthorthinkshewasn't“enough”?Shewaspoorlydisciplined.Shefailedtocelebrate“skinny”．Shewaslabelledaslazyforherweight.Sheputonmoreweightafterenteringadulthood.Whatcausedtheauthortomakeachange?A.Herlighterbody. B.Atroublesomeillness.C.Popularbeautystandards. D.Others'criticalcomments.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Beautymatters. B.Opinionsvary.C.Worthyourweight. D.Beyondyourlimits.DLasVegascityinNevadaisbuiltinadesert.Thecitymaybeknowntotheoutsideworldforitspartying.Butofficialshavefoundthatthereare21squarekilometersofuselessgrass.Thegrassisneverlaidon,playedonorevensteppedon.Thegrassisonlytheretolooknice.Now,thecityisaskingtheNevadastatelegislaturetobanuselessgrass.ItistryingtobecomethefirstplaceinAmericatobanthatkindofgrassoftenseenbetweenstreets,inhousingdevelopmentsandinofficeparks.Itisestimatedthatuselessgrassmakesup40%ofallthegrassinLasVegasanditneedsalotofwatertosurvive.Grassneedsfourtimesmorewaterthandryclimateplantslikecactus.Bytearingoutthegrass,thecitycouldreduceyearlywaterusageby15%.In2003,theSouthernNevadaWaterAuthoritybanneddevelopersfromplantinggrassinfrontofnewhomes.Italsoofferedhomeowners$30foreachsquaremeterofgrasstheytearout.Butfewerpeoplearenowusingtheprogram.WaterusagehasincreasedinsouthernNevadaby9%since2019.Andlastyear,LasVegaswentarecord240dayswithoutmajorrainfall.TheColoradoRiverprovidesmuchofNevada'sdrinkingwater.Therivercouldlosemorewaterasclimatechangeaffectsit.Waterofficialsinotherdrycitiessaidwaterusageneedstobereduced.ButtheyfearthereactiontoreformsliketheonesinLasVegasiftheircommunitiesdonotacceptthem.CynthiaCampbellisthewaterresourcesadviserforthecityofPhoenixinArizona.“Theremightcomeapointwhencityrestrictionsgettoosevereforsomeresidents.They'llsaythatisthepointofnoreturnforthem,”Campbellsaid.“Forsomepeople,it'sapool.Forsomepeople,it'sgrass.”WhydoesLasVegascitytrytobanuselessgrass?A.Toprotectthelocalpeople. B.Tobeautifythecity.C.Toreducewaterusage. D.Toreducewaste.WhatprogramwascarriedoutinLasVegasin2003?Allowingplantinggrassbeforenewhouses.Encouragingtheresidentstotearoutgrass.Praisingthosewhosignedontheprogram.Awardingthosewhoreducedwaterusage.WhatisimpliedinCampbell'swordsinthelastparagraph?Manyresidentswon'tfollowtheban.Reactiontothereformwillvarypersonally.Othermeasuresshouldbetakentoprotectwetter.Waterofficialsshouldtakemanyfactorsintoaccount.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.LasVegasPlanstoBanUselessGrassAMethodIsAdoptedtoSaveLasVegasChoicesbetweenBeautyandPracticeGrassIsImportantbutUselessinLasVegas第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項Asweallknow,indailylife,manypeoplewanttogetinshape.Ifyouhappentobeoneofthem,wherewillyougetstarted?Dietcomesfirst.___16___Healthexpertshavelongnotedtheimportanceofphysicalactivities.___17___Physicalactivityburnscalories—themorecaloriesyouconsume,theeasieritistocontrolorloseyourweight.Besides,ithelpstoreducetheriskofsomediseases,includingheartdisease,strokeandevensomekindsofcancer.Physicalactivityisalsoknowntoincreasethereleaseofendorphins,whichhelppeopletoreducepainandfeelmorehappyandpeacefulaswell.___18___Someexpertsbelieveit'stheactofexercisingitself.Otherssayit'sthefeelingonegetsfromhavingmetanexercisegoal.Eitherway,thetwothingsworktogetherwhenitcomestoimprovingone'semotionalhealth.Soexactlyhowmuchexercisedoyouneedtodotogainallofthesegreathealtheffects?Differentpeople,differentideas.Expertssayitiseasierthanyouthink—oneactivityisbetterthannone.___19___Togetthemostfromyourexerciseplan,youareadvisedtochoosephysicalactivitiesthatyoufindfun.___20___Whatyoureallylike,sometimes,outweighswhatispopularamongthepublic.Ithelpstoguaranteethatyoucanstaywiththeprogram.Keepingabalanceddietcontributesalottoyourhealth.Youcanreleasesomebademotionsbyphysicalactivities.Exerciseisagoodwayforyoutomaintainphysicalhealth.So,ifyouarenotdoinganything,nowisthetimetogetstarted.Thereissomedebateaboutexactlywhatcausesthereleaseofthem.However,dietalonewon'tdomuchgoodwithoutanexerciseplan.第二部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項WhenIwasalittlegirl,therewasthemagicofMercurochrome（紅藥水）.Itwasgoodforcuts,scratches（抓痕）,orother___21___.MybrotherandI___22___andprovedthepowersofMercurochromemanyyearsago.Itwassummerandhot.Mamawasnotfeelingwellandhadbecome___23___tired.Shetoldusthatshewasgoingto___24___onherbed.OnlyafewminuteshadpassedwhenRonnie___25___ascratchonhiskneethatneededimmediate26.Wetiptoed（踮腳走）intoMama'sroomandaskedherifwecouldputMercurochromeonRonnie’sscratch.___27___onherback,Mamahadfallenintoadeepsleepandmadenoanswer.Westoleintothebathroom,tooktheMercurochromeand___28___Ronnie’sknee.Undoubtedly,heimmediatelybegantofeelbetter.___29___,wetiptoedintoMama’sroomtoshowherthatwehadtakencareofourscratcheswithout___30___her.Butshewasinsoundsleep.Thenwewhisperedthat___31___Mamadidn’tfeelwell,perhapsMercurochromewouldmakeherfeel___32___.Twentyminutes33,wepaintedeveryscratchandeveryfreckle（雀斑）ofMama’sskin.ShehadMercurochrome___34___herlegs,armsandface.AtRonnie’sencouraging,we___35___triedtopaintherfingernailsandtoenails.WhenMamascreamedin___36___,weknewthatshewasawake.Withallthe___37___,itdidn’tseematfirstthatshewasfeelingbetter,___38___sheburstintolaughterasshestaredatherimageinthemirror.Welaughedalotthenextfewdays.Ifanyonehadaskedus,wewouldhave___39___thatMamahadbeencuredbythe___40___ofMercurochrome.21.A.mattersB.worriesC.troublesD.wounds22.A.markedB.testedC.collectedD.ignored23.A.suddenlyB.graduallyC.hardlyD.extremely24.A.liedownB.settledownC.godownD.lookdown25.A.doubtedB.learntC.noticedD.recognized26.A.serviceB.attentionC.adviceD.study27.A.RoundB.TightC.WideD.Flat28.A.paintedB.designedC.completedD.decorated29.A.PolitelyB.ProudlyC.CarelesslyD.Properly30.A.pleasingB.disturbingC.excitingD.worrying31.A.beforeB.unlessC.untilD.since32.A.betterB.rarerC.worseD.stranger33.A.earlierB.agoC.laterD.ahead34.A.inB.onC.overD.under35.A.alwaysB.everC.evenD.only36.A.horrorB.shameC.disappointmentD.excitement37.A.laughingB.talkingC.screamingD.joking38.A.soB.althoughC.becauseD.but39.A.pretendedB.expectedC.insistedD.accepted40.A.magicB.realityC.secretD.story第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式Sometimesitcanfeellikegettingalongwithyourparents 41. (be)impossible.However,theyareperhapsyourbestteachers,andwill 42. (possible)influencemanyofthedecisionsyoumake.Ifyouarefeelinglikeyouandyourparentscan'tgetonthesamepage,take 43. (step)totrytogetalongbetterwithyourparents.Yourparentswon'talwaysbearound,sospendtimewiththemwhileyou'reableto.Thisdoesn'tmeanjust 44. (sit)infrontoftheTVtogether.Instead,findactivitiestodotogethersothatyoucanlearnmoreaboutwhatyourparentsenjoydoing.Whenyouhave 45. conflictwithyourparents,lookatitfromtheirpointofview.Sometimes,itcanbe 46. (help)totryandimaginethatyouwereintheirsituation.Youmightseethattheyareworriedforyoursafety.Thisdoesn'tmeanitshouldmakeyouagree 47. them,butitcanhelpyoufindthesourceoftheconflict.Whentalkingabouttheconflictwithyourparents,dothinkaboutwhatyou 48. (say)beforeyousayit.Onceyourrelationshipwithyourparentshasbeenimproved,doyourbest 49. (keep)it.For