《英語四級聽力》PPT完整版

《英語四級聽力》PPT課件EnglishListeningComprehensionforBandFour聽力的重要性

英國著名的語言學(xué)家D．Jones認(rèn)為，只有具備了良好的聽力，才能學(xué)好語言，聽力訓(xùn)練即是養(yǎng)成聽力記憶，而聽力記憶完全可以通過訓(xùn)練來培養(yǎng)。內(nèi)容綱要

1打好扎實基本功2具備基本技能3聽力應(yīng)試技巧4注意事項5考前準(zhǔn)備1打好扎實基本功1.1元音與輔音

[i]—[i:]seat，sitmeat，mitt[θ][s]及[l][r]

雙唇

[m][p][b]

1.2數(shù)字1.2.1單詞表示數(shù)字(1)single,double，couple，

score，dozen(2)anniversary,decade，

century，millennium(3)fortnight，overnight1.2.2近音、近形數(shù)字的辨認(rèn)seven

fiveteeneleven

twelve

tyEg: 415fifthstreet514Fourthstreet1.2.3音、形不同11:45: quartertotwelve elevenforty-five2:30：twothirty/halfpasttwo前天：thedaybeforeyesterday,twodaysago后天：thedayaftertomorrow/twodayslater天天、每天：daybyday,eachdayfromdaytoday推后一星期：thisdayweek,todayweekaweekday,afteraweek兩星期：fortnight/periodoftwoweeks前幾天，數(shù)天前：theotherdayafewdaysago1.2.4熟悉常見數(shù)字的讀法(1)百位數(shù)：416千位數(shù)：9743

多位數(shù)：198572412(2) 電話號碼：55-23471333222444triple(3) 1990年 2000年2010年(4) 20世紀(jì)80年代（1980’s）（2010’s) 685B.C.A.D.(5) May1st：Mayfirst/thefirstofMay(6) 10:10，10:45，24:00，9:152具備基本技能

2.1積累習(xí)慣用語與表達

習(xí)語：

atthetopoftheladder/tree 名列前茅

backout 食言；變卦

beyond(all)question 毫無疑問；無可爭辨

birdinthebush 未到手的東西,未定局的事情

bookedup 沒空；有約會；

（戲票等）已被預(yù)定一空

burnthemidnightoil 開夜車；工作到深夜

checkin 登記；報到

checkout 付帳后離開

checkoff/over/outsth 檢驗；復(fù)核

close/shutone’seyeto 無視；對…置之不理

callitaday 今天就這樣算了；

就干到這里為止

comeabout 發(fā)生

downonone’sluck 倒霉；不走運

drawone’stime (被迫地)辭去工作

dyingfor 渴望；非常想

eatone’swords 收回前言;認(rèn)錯道歉(不是“食言”)

fallbehind 落后；跟不上

farbeitfromme 我決不認(rèn)；我決不想要

forthetimebeing 暫時；眼下

getintohotwater 陷入困境

getofftheground 開始很順利；取得進展

givesbthegreenlight

允許（某人）做某事

haveotherfishtofry

另外有事要做,別有要事makeapointofdoingsth 堅持做某事； 決心做某事makebelieve 裝作；假裝ninetimesoutoften 十有八九;通常;多半putone’sfootinone’smouth

說錯話；做錯事ringabell 使想起(某事); 聽起來覺得耳熟sleeplikealog/top 睡得很熟；酣睡songanddance 枯燥無味的廢話turn/givethecoldshoulderon

疏遠(yuǎn)某人；冷淡某人toocleverbyhalf (諷刺用)過分聰明upthewall 十分煩躁；非常惱火whiteaway 混時間；浪費時間laysboff (臨時)解雇

2.2形式肯定意義否定的表達形式

Eg:HeisthelastpersonIwanttosee.

Buyingacarisbeyondmymeans.

Ifitwerecooler,

Outofthequestion,

2.2.1比較級和最高級形式

I’mwiserthantobelievethat.

Thechildwasmorefrightenedthanhurt.

ThebeautyoftheplaceismorethanIcandescribe.

2.2.2采用某些動詞或動詞詞組表示否定意義

giveupdoingmissdoing

2.2.3否定+比較級

表肯定

Eg：Ican’tagreewithyoumore

→肯定意義最高級2.2.4采用虛擬句表示否定

Howniceitwouldbeifyouwouldstayabitlonger.IfIhadleftalittlelonger,Iwouldhavecaughtthetrain.Butforthestorm,weshouldhavearrivedearlier.區(qū)別：Whatif…？Ifonly…!Onlyif….2.2.5采用動詞expect,think,hope的過去或過去完成時后接不定式或賓語從句表示否定

Ithoughttofinishtheletterbefore10.我原來打算……的2.2.6采用某些形容詞短語表示否定意義

Heisignorantofconditionsatthelowerlevel

他不了解下情

Shortoftools,wemadeourown.

2.2.7采用某些介詞短語表示否定意義

Insteadof,outofrepair,except,beyond,outofthequestion

2.2.8情態(tài)動詞should,oughtto+havedone

needhavedone

2.2.9Anythingbut和before(動詞)表示否定意義

Youmotherbearsanythingbutreceivingthenews.

聽到這個消息，你母親會受不了的。

2.2.10too…to…與too…for…

Youaredrivingtoofastforsafety.

你開車太快，不安全2.3否定形式表肯定2.3.1Can’tbetoo+adj+todosth.2.3.2Can’twaittodosth.2.4注意比較與選擇的句型2.4.1preferAto…B/prefer(wouldlike)…ratherthan…/wouldrather…than…2.4.2notso…as…不及，不如…nowhereas…as不及，不如…2.4.3最高級表even之意(Even)thebestwomanwillblundersometimes.2.4.4thelast=theleastlikelyEg:Heisthelastpersontodothething.2.4.5nottheless=nonetheless→同樣、也Eg:Idon’tlovehimthelessforhisfaults→Hehasfaults,butIlovehimnonetheless.2.4.6NotsomuchAasB=lessAthanB=MoreBthanA→NotA,butratherB與其A，毋寧B//寧愿為B而不為AEg:He’snotsomuchascholarasawriter=Heismoreofawriterthanascholar→Heisawriterratherthanascholar2.4.7otherthanIborrowedsomebooksotherthannovels.我借了幾本書，卻不是小說2.5對聽力測試內(nèi)容背景知識做到心中有數(shù)2.5.1人物關(guān)系(keywords,keyphrases)(1)教師與學(xué)生(Teacherandstudent)(2)學(xué)生與學(xué)生(Classmates/roommates/schoolmates)(3)圖書管理員與學(xué)生（Librarianandstudent）(4)營業(yè)員與顧客(Shopassistantandcustomer/shopper）(5)飯店侍者與顧客(Waiter/waitressandcustomer)(6)醫(yī)生與病人(Doctorandpatient)(7)出租車司機與乘客(Taxidriverandpassenger)

有關(guān)教師與學(xué)生的常用詞和詞組

scholarship，tuition，schoolrecord,reportcard，credits，oralexamination/test，Writtenregistration，freshman，sophomore，junior,senior,graduatestudent,postgraduate，doctoratestudent,required/compulsorycourse，optional/electivecourse，toquitschool，todropout，quiz，mid-termexamfinalexam，entranceexam，termpaper，make-upexam

學(xué)生與學(xué)生關(guān)系的常用詞和詞組

band，Students'Union，StudentCenter，Gymnasium，cheer/cheeringsquad,rooters,cheerleader，football/basketball/volleyball，

Homecoming，alum,alumnus,alumna，sportsmeet，dormitory，teachingbuilding，absentfromschool

圖書管理員與學(xué)生關(guān)系的常用詞和詞組

magazine，periodical，fiction,novel，

readingroom，librarycard，librarycatalogue，loandesk，journal，

referencebook，stacks，author'，writershelves，torenew

營業(yè)員與顧客關(guān)系的常用詞和詞組

onsale，bargain,steal，auction,sale，pricesaresoaring，makeendsmeet，outofstyle，fashion，ready-made，sweater，high-heeledshoes，flatshoes，pajamas，gown,underwears，undershirts，shorts，leather，plastic，fabric，cotton，silk，woolen，pattern,jeans,tip,cashorcharge?Areyoudone?departmentstore,Lady'sDepartment,Cashier，supermarket，dailynecessities，check-outstand，receipt，electricshop，colorTV，washingmachine,washer，refrigerator,fridge，electricfan

飯店侍者與顧客關(guān)系的詞和詞組

seasoning，soysauce，vinegar，menu，steaks，porkchops，ham，pudding，sausage，dessert，soup，cocktail，tray，papernapkin

醫(yī)生和病人關(guān)系的詞和詞組

hospitalregister'soffice，out-patientdepartment，emergencydepartment，medicaldepartment，surgicaldepartment，operationroom，inpatientdepartment，wards，physician，surgeon，doctorofChinesemedicine，dispensary,drugstore,pharmacy，highbloodpressure,hypertension，indigestion，pneumonia，cancer,ulcer,hepatitis,TB(tuberculosis)，Burns，Strain，itch,itchy，sleeplessness,insomnia，tosufferfrom，toinoculate，togivefirst-aidtreatment,tobeoperatedon，togiveaninjection，stethoscope，gauze，first-aidkit

2.5.2地點與方向（placeandDirection）Hotel:reception,vacantbeds,singleroom,doubleroom,bookaroom,bath,lavatory,occupyaroom,full,frontdesk,porter,tipLibrary:borrow,lend,latestissue,card,catalogue,callnumber,due,over-due,fine,novel,renew,fiction,magazine,bookshelfMeeting:for(支持),against(反對),proposal,report,speech，suggest,disagree,agree,decide,pointout,arguechairman,conclusionPostoffice:mail,post,postage,stamp,parcel,telegramurgentcable,airmail,registeredletter,moneyorderRestaurant:reservation,bar,order,softdrink,dessert,saladsoup,menu,bread,potato,tomato,tablesalt,roastbeef,meat,mutton,chicken,fry,pie,cake,I'mfull,bill,waiter,waitress,goDutchStore:size,colour,style,price,cost,cheap,WhatcanIdoforyou?Howmuchdoesitcost?fashion,expensive,counter,department,checkout,brand,fresh,cash,pay,shopgirl,assistantSchool:department,Bachelor'sdegree,Master'sdegree,Doctor'sdegree,Campus,lecture,dormitory,semester,term,playground,dining-hall,swimming-pool,courses,foreignlanguage,gym,midtermexam,finalexam,clinic,professor,assistant,lecturer,lab,test,requiredcourses,electivecourses,credithourBank:drawonone'saccount(開戶),payintereston...,openanaccount,interestrate,ForeignExchangeCertificate,RMB,fixeddeposit(定期存款),currentaccount(活期存款帳戶),bankclerkBarber's:haircut,hairstyle,hairdresser,shave,moustache,beard,spray,shampooTheCustomsHouse:paydutyon…,dutyfree(免稅),freeofcharge,fillintheformDance:disco,dancewith,haveaball,party,MayIhavethepleasureofnextdance?Hospital:pain,cough,fever,aheadache,stomachache,temperature,heart,lung,blood-pressure,takemedicine,pills,tablet2.5.3掌握常用的國家名和城市名稱

Washington,Seattle,SanFrancisco,NewYork,LosAngeles,Huston,Detroit,Dalias,Chicago,Boston,London,Manchester,Birmingham,Liverpool,California,Mississippi,Florida,Texas,Alaska,USA,UK,USSR,Russia,Brazil,Sweden,Spain,France,Poland,Canada,Austria,Denmark,Australia,Finland,Africa,Europe,Asia,Japan,Italy,Norway.注意up與down的方向性2.5.4態(tài)度與反應(yīng)

解態(tài)度與反應(yīng)類題的步驟（1）迅速看完考題的四個選擇項，找出與人的情緒或事物性質(zhì)有聯(lián)系的關(guān)鍵詞（它們多為形容詞）。（2）聽錄音內(nèi)容時注意語調(diào)變化，縮小期待的范圍，提前預(yù)期第三個聲音有可能提出的問題（以How,what提問為多）。（3）掌握與態(tài)度和反應(yīng)有關(guān)的詞匯，并了解第三個聲音在此類題中的形式。

關(guān)鍵詞

Attitude，Response，Agreement，Disagreement，disapproval，belief，disbelief，disgust，complaining，encouragement，goodwishes，gratitude，interest，optimism，pessimism，sympathy，fear，annoyance，apology，compliment，congratulation，curiosity，disappointment，dismay，excitement，hesitation，permission，surprise，warning2.5.5計劃與行動(PlanandAction)（1）誰做什么？辯別出動作的執(zhí)行者與承受者（2）誰讓誰做？—使役動詞：have/get/let/make/注意havesthdonemakeoneselfdone（3）選擇做什么？A→提出計劃或行動B接受→提出另一計劃Eg:Youwillhear:M:Wouldyourathereatathomeorgoouttonight?W:I'drathergoout,butIdon’tmindfixingsupperathomeifyou'drathernotgo.Q:Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?Youwillread:a.Shewantstofixsupper.b.Shewantstostayathome.c.Sheisnothungry.d.Shewantstogoout.注意句型：重點轉(zhuǎn)移I’dratherdo…but…I’dliketodo…but…Eg: He’dratherdiethangiveup.He’dratherdiebuthecan’tdieinthisway.2.5.6對以下場景對號入座(1)時間 (2)數(shù)字 (3)身份(4)地點 (5)打電話(6)天氣(7)問路 (9)工作 (8)飯店及食品(10)書籍 (11)學(xué)習(xí) (12)健康(13)購物與租房 (14)文化娛樂活動(16)家庭生活等等(15)體育活動和外出旅游3聽力應(yīng)試技巧3.1細(xì)微處獲得信息3.1.1從答案中獲得信息

Keyword:adj,adv,n,vImportantword:and,but,though,however,etc(關(guān)聯(lián)或轉(zhuǎn)折)3.1.2不同語氣，語調(diào)與句式的內(nèi)涵(1)虛擬→與事實相反(2)think→thought的事實相反(3)“陳述句升調(diào)（懷疑，疑問）(4)否定句升調(diào)（肯定）(5)祈使句（禮貌）(6)特殊疑問句升調(diào)(責(zé)備,厭煩或欣賞對方的提議)（具體情況來定）(7)注意對wouldyouminddoing…?Yes與Nor回答3.1.3短文中注意段落首句與尾句多為topicsentence,首句多為文章的核心，尾句多為整段的歸