2021-2022學(xué)年河北省張家口市張家洼第二中學(xué)高三英語上學(xué)期期末試題含解析

2021-2022學(xué)年河北省張家口市張家洼第二中學(xué)高三英語上學(xué)期期末試題含解析一、選擇題1.Althoughthecountryhashadpoliticalindependenceforoveracentury,____itneedsthesupportofitsneighbours.A.naturally

B.economically

C.especially

D.luckily參考答案：

B2.Youaresubjecttopunishmentifyoufailto________tothecustomswhencarryingtheprohibitedarticleslistedabove.A.state

B.declareC.announce

D.communicate參考答案：B【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：如果你攜帶上述違禁物品未向海關(guān)申報(bào)的，將受到處罰。A.state聲明，陳述；B.declare宣布，申報(bào)；C.announce宣布，宣告；D.communicate交流。此處指申報(bào)，故選B.3.

—Didyouvisitthemuseumtoday?—No.We_____it,butwespenttoomuchtimeshopping.A.couldhavevisited

B.musthavevisited

C.couldvisit

D.mustvisit參考答案：A4.Amongthemanydangers_--sailorshavetoface,probablythegreatestofallisfog.A.which

B.what

C.where

D.when參考答案：A本題定語從句的先行詞是themanydangers，在定語從句中關(guān)系代詞which指代先行詞在句中作為動(dòng)詞face的賓語，可以省略。CD兩項(xiàng)都是關(guān)系副詞，在定語從句中通常只作狀語，不能做賓語。What不是定語從句的關(guān)系詞。句義：在士兵面對(duì)的很多危險(xiǎn)中，也許最大的危險(xiǎn)是霧吧！故A正確。【考點(diǎn)】考察定語從句【試題延伸】解答定語從句的關(guān)鍵是分析句子成分，如果定語從句中句子成分很完整就使用關(guān)系副詞來引導(dǎo)；如果句子缺少主語，賓語，表語或者定語的時(shí)候就使用關(guān)系代詞。同時(shí)也要注意一些關(guān)系詞的特殊用法，尤其是that/as的特殊用法，既要注意普遍性，也要注意特殊性。〖舉一反三〗Thatevening,_____Iwilltellyoumoreaboutlater,Iendedupworkingverylate.A.that

B.which

C.what

D.when〖答案〗B〖解析〗這里thatevening是先行詞，其在定語從句中作介詞about的賓語，所以用which。句意：以后我將和你談起的那個(gè)晚上，我工作到了很晚。5._______,sheisthesortofwomantospreadsunshinetopeoplethroughhersmileA.Shyandcautious

B.SensitiveandthoughtfulC.Honestandconfident

D.Lightheartedandoptimistic參考答案：D.解析：本題考查形容詞辨析。Shyandcautious意為“害羞的謹(jǐn)慎的；sensitiveandthoughtful意為“敏感的與體貼的”；Honestandconfident“誠(chéng)實(shí)的與自信的”；Lightheartedandoptimistic意為“愉快的與樂觀的”。句意為“愉快與樂觀的她，是那種通過微笑把陽光撒給他人的女士?！?. I’mhopingthatJohnwillletushavethecartonight;__________,I’mafraidwewon’tbeabletogoout.

A.evenif B.ifso

C.whatif

D.ifnot 參考答案：D7.Iamwritingtheletter,expectingyournewspaperto___thepublictopaymoreattentiontoenvironmentprotection.A.callon

B.callat

C.callfor

D.callin參考答案：A8.Helosthisjobthreemonthsago;

,hewasseriouslyinjuredinanaccidentlastweek.A.inthefirstplace

B.tomakemattersworseC.onthecontrary

D.inotherwords參考答案：B9.—Whatdidhebecomewhenhegrewup?

—Asoldier，_________hehadwantedtobeverymuch．A．that

B．who

C．what

D．which參考答案：D10.ThelastyearofSeniorhighschoolis______timeforhardworkandyouhavetostartthinkingabout______future.

A./;/

B.a;the C.the;a

D./;the參考答案：B11.Don’tworry!Alltheproblemswillbesettled________wejoinhands.

A.onlyif

B.ifonly

C.whatif

D.evenif參考答案：A12.I’llcancelmyvisittotheexhibition_______youcancomewithme.A.what B.because C.if D.unless參考答案：D【詳解】考查條件狀語從句。句意：我將取消去展覽會(huì)參觀，除非你和我一起去。根據(jù)句意可知，本句是條件狀語從句，選項(xiàng)中A選項(xiàng)what只能引導(dǎo)名詞性從句；B選項(xiàng)because引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，與句意不符；C選項(xiàng)if意為“如果”，與句意不符；D選項(xiàng)unless意為“除非”，符合句意。故選D。13.D

Nostudent

gooutofschoolaftereleveno'clockatnightwithouttheteacher'spermission.A.will

B.must

C.may

D.shall參考答案：D

14._________differentlifetodayisfrom_________wasfiftyyearsago!A.Whata,what

B.How,what

C.What,what

D.Whata,how參考答案：B15.Tomysurprise,hejumpedattheoffer,thoughitdidnotseemverytome.A.familiar B.appreciable C.necessary D.attractive參考答案：D句意:使我驚訝的是,他很樂意接受這份工作,盡管在我看來它并不十分吸引人。attractive表示"吸引人的",符合語境,故選D項(xiàng)。16.Thisrestaurantwasn't

thatotherrestaurantwewentto.A.halfasgoodas

B.ashalfgoodas

Casgoodashalf

D.goodashalfas參考答案：A略二、完型填空17.Theresponsibilitiesofjob,homeandfamilyalltoooftentransformthedailyroutineintoahugeburden.Enjoyingqualityleisuretimebecomes (61)_____.Trueleisuremeansengagingina(62)_____ andrewardingactivitywithoutbeing(63)_____byotheraspectsofyourlife.Sometimes,the(64)____youexperienceduringtheweekmakeyouplacegreatemphasisonweekendsandotherdaysoff.Youhopetorelax,butthepressureis(65)_____.Youcan'trestevenwhenyouhavethetimetodoso.Whentimeislimited,leisureactivitiesareusuallythefirstitemsto(66)______fromthedailyschedule.Ifyouroutinely(67)_____yourleisuretimebecauseyouhave"moreimportantthingstodo,”youmaybeunderestimatinghowmuchtimethethings(68)____take.Mostpeopleroutinelyshortchangethemselvesontheamountoftimerequiredtocompleteagiventask.Theproblemisa(69)____toevaluateperformancehonestly.(70)____,simplifyingyourlifewillletyouhavemorewindowsofopportunitytodostuffjustforfun.Maybeyouneedtorelearntorelax.SpareTimeforYour(71)_____:Devoteoneafternoonoreveningperweek(72)_____todoingsomethingthatyouenjoy,listeningtomusic,assemblingajigsawpuzzle.Dowhateveryoualwayswishtobutneverseemtofindtimefor.Anddoitwherethere'snothingtoremindyouofother(73)_____.ChooseLow-Tech:Thepopularfascinationwithtechnologicaladvancesinallareasoflifehasdiverted(偏離）attentionfromthesimplepleasuresofmany(74)___pastimes.Peoplethinktheymusthavethebest,mostup-to-dateequipmentavailabletoenjoythemselves.Whenkeepingupwithtrendsbecomesthe(75)______,thepurepleasureofleisureislost.61.A.essential

B.difficult C.noticeable D.incapable62.A.reluctant B.disgusting C.delicate D.pleasurable63.A.preoccupied B.ashamed C.cultivated D.oppressed64.A.favour B.risk C.thirst D.stress65.A.enormous B.reasonable C.ignorant D.adjusted66.A.destroy B.consider C.disappear D.recognize67.A.estimate B.abandon C.fulfill D.expand68.A.constantly B.initially C.actually D.equally69.A.variety B.delay C.record D.failure70.A.However B.Consequently C.Moreover

D.Therefore71.A.Instincts B.Desires C.Images D.

Tasks72.A.occasionally B.dramatically C.primarily D.entirely73.A.illustrations B.obligations C.stimulations D.limitations74.A.individual B.uncommon C.traditional D.physical75.A.address B.obstacle C.source D.focus參考答案：BDADACBCDABDBCD三、閱讀理解18.

Manypsychologistsintheearlytwentiethcenturybelievedthathumansuseonly10percentoftheirbrains,andeventhegreatAlbertEinsteinoncewrotethatmostpeopleuseonlyasmallportionofthegreymatterbetweentheirears.It'satheorythathasoftenbeenputforwardintelevisiondocumentaries;magazines,advertisementsandbooksoverthepastcentury.

Butnearlyallscientistsnowagreethe10percenttheoryiscompletelyunfounded.Infact,theyquestionhowthisfigurewaseverarrivedatinthefirstplaceandwhatareasofthebrainaresupposedtobeunneeded.Thetheorysupposesthatif90percentofthebrainwereremoved,apersonwouldStillbeabletofunctionnormally,whileinrealityitisknownthatdamagetoevenasmallareaofthebraincanresultinextremelyseriousphysicalinjurydifferentactivitiesandthatmanyareasofthebrainareusedatthesametimeforsomecomplexactivitiesorthoughtprocesses.

Throughoutthecourseofoneday,most.areasofthebrainareactiveatsometime,evenduringsleep.The10percenttheorysuggeststhatcertainareaso'thebrainarenotused,butscansslowactivitiesthroughouttheentirebrainandnotinanyseparatepart.Thefinalargumentagainstthe10percenttheoryisthefactthatdoctorscarefullymapthebrainbeforeremovingbraincancerssothattheydon'taffectotheressentialareas.

Fromanevolutionarypointofview,it'shighlyunlikelybuttourcomparativelylargerbrainswouldhaveevolvedfromourancestorsiftheextraareaswerenotneeded.Infact,thereislynoevidencesupportthe1ppercenttheory.41.Howdidthe10percenttheorygetsuchwidespreadpopularity?

A.Itwaspromotedinvarioustypesofcopularmedia.

B.AlbertEinsteinarguedstronglyinsupport.

C.Itwasproveninscientificresearch.

D.Fewpeoplecouldproveitwrong.42.Theunderlinedword"unfounded"ischestinmeaningto_________.

A.undiscovered

B.unproven

C.unknown

D.unnecessary43.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothewriter?

A.Weuselessthan10%ofourbrains.

B.Mostbraindisordersaffectthesamepartofthebrain.

C.Thebrainislessactiveduringtimesofsleep.

D.The10percenttheorydoesnotmakeevolutionarysense.44.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?

A.Peopletodayusemoreoftheirbrainthaninthepast.

B.Scientificopinionaboutthetopicofbrainuseisequallydivided.

C.Ourunderstandingofthebrainhaschangedgreatlyinthepastdecades.

D.Modernscientistshaveacompletepictureofhowthebrainworks.45.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?

A.Topresenttwosidesofbraintheory.

B.Tocriticizethe10percenttheory.

C.Toexplainhowbrainworks.

D.Todescribethehistoryofbrainresearch.參考答案：41-45ABDCB略19.閱讀下列短文,然后從各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出一個(gè)最佳答案。TheBoardMeetinghadcometoanend.Bobstartedtostandupandknockedintothetable,spillinghiscoffeeoverhisnotes.“Howembarrassing!Iamgettingsoclumsyinmyoldage.”Everyonehadagoodlaugh,andsoonwewerealltellingstoriesofourmostembarrassingmoments.ItcamearoundtoFrankwhosatquietlylisteningtotheothers.Someonesaid,“Comeon,Frank.Tellusyourmostembarrassingmoment.”Franklaughedandbegantotellusofhischildhood.“IgrewupinSanPedro.MyDadwasafisherman,andhelovedthesea.Hehadhisownboat,butitwashardmakingalivingonthesea.Heworkedhardandwouldstayoutuntilhecaughtenoughtofeedthefamily.Notjustenoughforourfamily,butalsoforhisMomandDadandtheotherkidsthatwerestillathome.”Helookedatusandsaid,“IwishyoucouldhavemetmyDad.Hewasabigman,andhewasstrongfrompullingthenetsandfightingtheseasforhiscatch.Whenyougotclosetohim,hesmelledliketheocean.Hewouldwearhisoldcanvas,foul-weathercoatandhisbibbedoveralls.Hisrainhatwouldbepulleddownoverhisbrow.Nomatterhowmuchmymotherwashedthem,theywouldstillsmelloftheseaandoffish.”Frank’svoicedroppedabit.“Whentheweatherwasbadhewoulddrivemetoschool.Hehadthisoldtruckthatheusedinhisfishingbusiness.Thattruckwasolderthanhewas.Itwouldwheezeandrattledowntheroad.Youcouldhearitcomingforblocks.Ashewoulddrivetowardtheschool,Iwouldshrink(畏縮)downintotheseathopingtodisappear.Halfthetime,hewouldslamtoastopandtheoldtruckwouldbelch(噴出)acloudofsmoke.Hewouldpullrightupinfront,anditseemedlikeeverybodywouldbestandingaroundandwatching.Thenhewouldleanoverandgivemeabigkissonthecheekandtellmetobeagoodboy.Itwassoembarrassingforme.Here,Iwastwelveyearsold,andmyDadwouldleanoverandkissmegoodbye!”Hepausedandthenwenton,“IrememberthedayIdecidedIwastoooldforagoodbyekiss.Whenwegottotheschoolandcametoastop,hehadhisusualbigsmile.Hestartedtoleantowardme,butIputmyhandupandsaid,“No,Dad.”ItwasthefirsttimeIhadevertalkedtohimthatway,andhehadthissurprisedlookonhisface.Isaid,“Dad,I’mtoooldforagoodbyekiss.I’mtoooldforanykindofkiss.”MyDadlookedatmeforthelongesttime,andhiseyesstartedtotearup.Thenheturnedandlookedoutthewindshield.“You’reright,”hesaid.“Youareabigboy....aman.Iwon’tkissyouanymore.”Frankgotafunnylookonhisface,andthetearsbegantowellupinhiseyes,ashespoke.“Itwasn’tlongafterthatwhenmyDadwenttoseaandnevercameback.Itwasadaywhenmostofthefleet(船隊(duì))stayedin,butnotDad.Hehadabigfamilytofeed.Theyfoundhisboatadriftwithitsnetshalfinandhalfout.Hemusthavegottenintoastrongwindandwastryingtosavethenetsandthefloats.”IlookedatFrankandsawthattearswererunningdownhischeeks.Frankspokeagain.“Guys,youdon’tknowwhatIwouldgivetohavemyDadgivemejustonemorekissonthecheek…tofeelhisrougholdface…tosmelltheoceanonhim…tofeelhisarmaroundmyneck.IwishIhadbeenamanthen.IfIhadbeenaman,IwouldneverhavetoldmyDadIwastooold