高中英語(yǔ)三大從句

千里之行，始于足下讓知識(shí)帶有溫度。第第2頁(yè)/共2頁(yè)精品文檔推薦高中英語(yǔ)三大從句高中英語(yǔ)主要要把握三大從句。

分離是：

1、定語(yǔ)從句（形容詞從句）

2、名詞詞從句（包括主語(yǔ)從句，賓語(yǔ)從句，表語(yǔ)從句，同位語(yǔ)從句）

3、狀語(yǔ)從句（副詞性從句，包括時(shí)光，地點(diǎn)，結(jié)果，目的，緣由等）

一、定語(yǔ)從句：

定語(yǔ)從句（AttributiveClauses）在句中做定語(yǔ)，修飾一個(gè)名詞或代詞，被修飾的名詞,詞組或代詞即先行詞。定語(yǔ)從句通常浮現(xiàn)在先行詞之后，由關(guān)系詞（關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞）引出。

1、關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句

關(guān)系代詞所代替的先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞，并在從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)等成分。關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主詞保持全都。

（1）,who,whom,that

這些詞代替指人，“whom”作賓語(yǔ)指人，“that”既可作主語(yǔ)又可作賓語(yǔ)（作賓語(yǔ)可以省略），可以指人也可以指物。

（2），Which用來(lái)指人或物

(用作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)，作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省略）

（3），whose

“whose”表示誰(shuí)（可以為人也可以為物）的（東西）

2、關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句

（1），關(guān)系副詞why主要用于修飾表示緣由的名詞（主要是thereason），同時(shí)它在定語(yǔ)從句中用作緣由狀語(yǔ)。

（2），關(guān)系副詞when主要用于修飾表示時(shí)光的名詞，同時(shí)它在定語(yǔ)從句中用作時(shí)光狀語(yǔ)。

（3），關(guān)系副詞where主要用于修飾表示地點(diǎn)的名詞，同時(shí)它在定語(yǔ)從句中用作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。

3、非限制性定語(yǔ)從句

它起補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明作用，缺少也不會(huì)影響全句的理解。在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的前面往往有逗號(hào)隔開。

二、名詞性從句

在句子中起名詞作用的句子叫名詞性從句(NounClauses）。名詞性從句的功能相當(dāng)于名詞詞組,它在復(fù)合句中能擔(dān)任主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)、介詞賓語(yǔ)等，因此按照它在句中不同的語(yǔ)法功能，名詞性從句又可分離稱為主語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句。

引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的銜接詞可分為三類：

1、連詞（5個(gè)）：that（賓語(yǔ)從句或表語(yǔ)從句中that有時(shí)可以省略）

whether,if（均表示“是否”表明從句內(nèi)容的不確定性）

asif,asthough（均表示“好似”，“似乎”）

以上在從句中均不充當(dāng)任何成分

2、銜接代詞（9個(gè)）：what,whatever,who,whoever,whom,whomever,whose,which,whichever

3、銜接副詞（7個(gè)）：when,where,how,why,whenever,wherever,however

三、狀語(yǔ)從句

狀語(yǔ)從句（AdverbialClause）狀語(yǔ)從句指句子用作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，起副詞作用的句子。它可以修飾謂語(yǔ)、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)或囫圇句子。按照其作用可分為時(shí)光、地點(diǎn)、緣由、條件、目的、結(jié)果、讓步、方式和比較等從句。狀語(yǔ)從句普通由連詞(從屬連詞)引導(dǎo)，也可以由詞組引起。從句位于句首或句中時(shí)通常用逗號(hào)與主句隔開，位于句尾時(shí)可以不用逗號(hào)隔開。

狀語(yǔ)從句細(xì)分的話，共包括九種：

1.時(shí)光狀語(yǔ)從句

2.地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句

3.緣由狀語(yǔ)從句

4.條件狀語(yǔ)從句

5.目的狀語(yǔ)從句

6.讓步狀語(yǔ)從句

7.比較狀語(yǔ)從句

8.方式狀語(yǔ)從句

91.Marylivesintheroom,thedoor_____openseast.

A.ofit

B.ofwhich

C.ofthat

D.whose

2.Theengineer_____myfatheristalkinghasjustcomefromabroad.

A.withwhom

B.withwho

C.withwhich

D.that

3.Helivesinahotel,_____isonlyfiveminutes’walkfromhere.

A.that

B.which

C.inwhich

D.where

4.Isthereanything_____Icandoforyou?

.A.whichB.whoC.asD.that

5.Thespeakerwilltellusaboutsomewritersandtheirworks_____areknowntous.

A.which

B.that

C.as

D.who

6.Thisisthereason_____theyareallagainsttheplan.

A.which

B.that

C.why

D.what

7.Itwasnotuntillateintheevening_____thetravelerfoundahotel.

A.which

B.that

C.as

D.where

8.Ididn’tliketheway_____shespoketome.

A.which

B.that

C.how

D.as

9.Thisis_____Icandoforyourightnow.

A.which

B.that

C.what

D.as

10.Itwasatourcollegelibrary_____Iborrowedthenovel.

A.which

B.inwhich

C.that

D.where

11.Ihaveseentrees,_____openatsunriseandcloseatsunset.

A.whichtheleaves

B.ofwhichleaves

C.whoseleaves

D.itsleaves

12.All_____isneededisasupplyofoil.

A.thething

B.that

C.what

D.which

13.Theforeignguests,_____werescientists,werewarmlywelcomedattheairport.

A.mostofwhom

B.mostofthem

C.mostofwhich

D.mostofthose

14.OnthetrainIsawastudent_____Ithoughtwasyoursister.

A.who

B.whom

C.which

D.that

15.Istheriver_____throughthetownverylong?

A.flows

B.thatflows

C.whichflow

D.theoneflows

16.Isthiscollege_____theywenttolastyear?

A.that

B.which

C.theone

D.theonewhat

17.Isthistheuniversity_____youvisitedlasttime?

A.thatone

B.which

C.theone

D.theonewhat

18.I’dliketotellyou_____Isawintheexhibition.

A.which

B.that

C.what

D./

19.Ihopethatthelittle_____Ihavebeenabletodohasbeenofsomeuse.

A.which

B.that

C.what

D.forwhich

20.Who_______hascommonsensewilldosuchathing?

A.which

B.thatC.whoseD.whom

21Thebikeanditsrider_____hadknockeddowntheboyweretakentothepolice.

A.whoB.thatC.whichD.whom

22.Puttheletter______hecanfinditeasily.

A.inwhich

B.atwhich

C.where

D.which

23.Thisistheveryletter_____Iamlookingfor.

A.which

B.that

C.as

D.what

24.Tomdidn’tattendthemeeting,________weexpected.

A.where

B.that

C.as

D.what

25.Iwillgiveyousuchinformation_______willhelpyou.

A.which

B.that

C.as

D.what

26.Thisisthebesthotelinthecity____Iknow.

A.which

B.that

C.where

D.it

27.Thelady____isawomanscientist.

A.whomyouspoke

B.withwhichyouspoke

C.whomyousaidto

D.

youspoketo

28.Thisisthethirdweek_____thedustmenhaven’tcomefortherubbish.

A.that

B.when

C.which

D.onwhich

29.Heistheonlyoneofthestudents_________thetruth.

A.whoknow

B.whoknows

C.thatknow

D.whoareknowing

30.Didtheyfindtheywentback________?

A.wherehadtheybeen

B.wherewerethey

C.wheretheyhadbeen

D.wheretheywere

31.Togetthejobstarted,______Ineedisyourpermission.

A.onlywhat

B.allwhat

C.allthat

D.onlythat

32.Myfatherboughtmeseveralbooks,but_____wasinteresting.

A.mostofthem

B.noneofthem

C.noneofwhich

D.neitherofwhich

33.“Thirty-nineSteps”isoneofthemostexcitingfilms____directedbyAlfredHotchcock.

A.whichwas

B.thatwas

C.thatwere

D.whichwere

34.Alloftheplantsnowraisedonfarmshavebeendevelopedfromtheplants_____wild.

A.oncetheygrew

B.theygrewonce

C.thatoncegrew

D.oncegrew

35.Those_____werenotfitfortheirworkcouldnotseethebeautifulclothes.

A.who

B.that

C.which

D.whose

36.Thechildrenthemselveswerecalmenough;_____theparentsthatgotintoa

panic.A.inspiteofB.thosewereC.itwasD.however

37.Itismanyyears_____wemetlastinLondon.

A.since

B.when

C.that

D.which

38.She’llbeonthesametrain_____Iamontoday.

A.as

B.like

C.with

D.that

39.WhenpeopletalkaboutthecitiesofUS,thefirst_____comesintomindisNewYork.

A.city

B.ofthem

C.one

D.that

40.Isthereanyoneinyourclass_____familyisinthecity?

A.which

B.whose

C.what

D.who

41.Hehasn’tgotenoughmoneywith_____hecanbuythecomputer.

A.that

B.which

C.it

D.whom

42.Winteristhetimeofyear_____thedaysareshortandnightsarelong.

A.that

B.which

C.when

D.whose

43.Football,_____isaveryinterestinggame,isplayedallovertheworld.

A.that

B.which

C.it

D.who

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高中英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句匯總講解

發(fā)表日期：2022年1月9日：ZolaStone【編輯錄入：admin】

◆英語(yǔ)諺語(yǔ)觀賞

1.Hewhoknowsnothingbutpretendstoknoweverythingisindeedagood-for–nothing.

不懂裝懂，一事無(wú)成.

2.It’sthefirststepthatcosts.千里之行，始于足下

3.Hethatmakeshimselfasheepshallbeeatenbythewolf.甘當(dāng)小綿羊，遲早要喂狼.

Ⅰ.概念：

(1)定語(yǔ)從句：在主從復(fù)合句中用作定語(yǔ)的從句叫定語(yǔ)從句。定語(yǔ)從句普通緊接在先行詞(antecedent)后面。

(2)先行詞：被定語(yǔ)從句修飾的成份。先行詞可以為一個(gè)詞，短語(yǔ)，或囫圇主句。

(3)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞，分為關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。

關(guān)系詞的作用：

1)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，銜接主句和從句，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)連詞；

2)必在從句中作某個(gè)句子成份（可以做主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)，定語(yǔ)，狀語(yǔ)）

常用的關(guān)系代詞:that、which、who、whom、whose、as、but(文語(yǔ),置于否定詞之后=that/who…not…,"沒(méi)有……不……",在從句中作主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ))

常用的關(guān)系副詞（在從句中只作狀語(yǔ)）:when、why、where

ThestudentwhoansweredthequestionwasJohn.

Iknowthereasonwhyhewassoangry.

Theboy(whom)youaretalkingtoismybrother.

I'dlikearoomwhosewindowlooksoutoverthesea.

定語(yǔ)從句三步：

第一找出先行詞；

其次看先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中的語(yǔ)法功能（做主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)）；

第三挑選合適的關(guān)系詞。

Ⅱ.幾個(gè)關(guān)系代詞的基本用法：

●that:可指人或物；在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)。(指人時(shí)，相當(dāng)于who或whom；指物時(shí)，相當(dāng)于which)(普通不用于非限制性定語(yǔ)從句;不行置于介詞后作賓語(yǔ))如：

1.Aletterthat/whichiswritteninpencilisdifficulttoread.(主語(yǔ))

2.Doyouknowthegentlemanthat/whospokejustnow?

3.Youcantakeanything(that)youlike.（賓語(yǔ)）

4.Whatisthequestion(that/which)theyaretalkingabout?

5.Hereistheman(who/whom/that)youwanttosee.

6.She'snolongerthegirl(that)sheusedtobebefore.（表語(yǔ)）

7.Ourhometownisnolongertheone(that)itusedtobe.

=Ourhometownisnotthesameasitusedtobe.

=Ourhometownisdifferentfromwhatitusedtobe。

=Ourhometownisnotwhatitusedtobe.

●which:指物；在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)，定語(yǔ)。如：

1.Thebookwhich/thatwasonthedeskwasboughtbymyfather.（主語(yǔ)）

2.Thebook(which/that)Iboughtyesterdayisveryinteresting.（賓語(yǔ)）

3.Thefactoryinwhichhisfatherworksisfarfromhere.

4.Hewasproud,whichhisbrotherneverwas.（表語(yǔ)）

5.Tomspentfouryearsincollege,duringwhichtimehelearnedFrench.（定語(yǔ)）

6.Hemaybelate,inwhichcaseweoughttowaitforhim.

●who,whom,whose:

who:主格,在從句中作主語(yǔ)，在口語(yǔ)或非正式用法中作賓語(yǔ);只可指人

whom:賓格，在從句中作賓語(yǔ);只可指人

whose:屬格，在從句中作定語(yǔ)，可指人也可指物。

Ilikethestudentswho/thatworkhard.（主語(yǔ)）

Allwhoheardthestorywereamazed.(代詞如he,they,any,those,all,one等后多用who.)Chaplin,forwhomlifehadoncebeenveryhard,wasasuccessasanactor.（賓語(yǔ)）

He'samanfromwhomweshouldlearn.

=He'saman(whom/who/that)weshouldlearnfrom.

比較：Heisthestudentwhomyouthinktobeworthyofyourpraise.

Heisthestudentwhoyouthinkisworthpraising.

Achildwhoseparentsaredeadiscalledanorphan.（指人）

I'dlikearoomwhosewindowfacessouth.（指物）

=I'dlikearoomofwhichthewindowfacessouth.

=I'dlikearoomthewindowofwhichfacessouth.

ThereisateapotshapedlikeaChineseduck,outofwhosemouthteaissupposedtocome

關(guān)系代詞作介詞賓語(yǔ):

關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中用作介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí),介詞可放于從句之首,也可放于從句之末.但以放于句首較為正式.（介詞前置，必需注重不影響動(dòng)詞詞組的含義。關(guān)系代詞who和that用作介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí),介詞必需放在句末.）

Thisisthebookforwhichyouasked.

=Thisisthebook(that/which)youaskedfor.

DoyouknowthepersonwithwhomIshookhands？=Doyouknowtheperson(whom/who/that)Ishookhandswith?

Thebeginningofagriculturewasabigstepinhumanprogresswithwhichnothingcouldcompareuntilourinformationage.

Inthedarkstreet,therewasn'tasinglepersontowhomshecouldturnforhelp.

Isthisthefactorytowhichyoupaidavisitlastweek?

Isthisfactorytheonetowhichyoupaidavisitlastweek?

Thisisthegirlwhomtheyarelookingafter.(介詞after與look構(gòu)成固定詞組，不行前置。lookat,lookfor,lookafter,takecareof等)

●as的用法:(as引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ))

①如為限制性的，多用于thesame…as;thesameas；such…as…;asmany/muchas；so…as等結(jié)構(gòu)中。如：

※Ihavethesamebookasyou(have).我有一本和你的一樣的書。

Herattitudetohimwasquitethesameasithadalwaysbeen.(關(guān)系代詞as和指示代詞same連用,在從句中用作表語(yǔ),先行詞是same.)

※.Whydidn'tyoumentionthatinfaceofthepolicejustnow?

Ithoughtitwassuchaminordetailaswashardlyworthmentioning.

Wewillonlydiscusssuchproblemsashavesomethingtodowithourowninterests.

Don'tdosuchthingsasyouarenotsureabout.

Thereisnosuchplaceasyoudreamofinallthisworld.

比較：Iliveinthesamehousethatheusedtolivein.

I'mwearingthesameshirtasyouworeyesterday.

比較：Hereissobigastoneasnoonecanlift.（定語(yǔ)從句）

Hereissobigastonethatnoonecanliftit.（結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句）

②如為非限制性的，多單獨(dú)引導(dǎo)一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，這種定語(yǔ)從句可置于句首，句中或句尾，譯為"正如，這一點(diǎn)"。（動(dòng)詞常為know,see,expect,pointout,etc.）

※Asweallknow,smokingisharmfultoone'shealth.(as作賓語(yǔ))

=Asisknowntoall,smokingisharmfultoone'shealth.（as作主語(yǔ)）

=It'sknowntoallthatsmokingisharmfultoone'shealth.

=Smokingisharmfultoone'shealth,asweallknow.（as作賓語(yǔ)）

=Smoking,asweallknow,isharmfultoone'health.

※Hewasaforeigner,asIknewfromhisaccent.(賓語(yǔ),先行詞是前面囫圇句子)

Ⅲ.關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句:

●When指時(shí)光，在定語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)光狀語(yǔ)。其先行詞是表時(shí)光的名詞（如：time,day,week,tear,month,etc.）

HecamelastnightwhenIwasout.

Wewillputoffthepicnicuntilnextweek,whentheweatherwouldbebetter.

注重：先行詞為"時(shí)光名詞"，可用when引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，when在定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ)；還可以用which或that引導(dǎo)，which或that在從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。

比較:Istillrememberthedaywhen/onwhichmybrotherjoinedthearmy.（作狀語(yǔ)）

Nextmonth,whenyouwillbeinyourhometown,isjustaroundthecorner.

Istillrememberthedayswhich/thatwespenttogether.（作賓語(yǔ)）

Nextwinterwhich/thatyou'llspendinHarbin,I'msure,willbeexciting.

IshallneverforgetthedaywhenShenZhouⅤwaslaunched,whichhasagreateffectonmylife.

Thereareoccasionswhenjokingisnotpermissible.

●Where指地點(diǎn)，在定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。其先行詞是表示地點(diǎn)的名詞，如：place,school,factory,room,etc.

ThisistheplacewhereIwasborn.

Iliveintheroomwhere/inwhichheusedtolive.

注重：先行詞是"地點(diǎn)名詞"，定語(yǔ)從句可用where引導(dǎo)，還可用which或that引導(dǎo)，which/that在從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。

比較:※Thisisthefactorywhere/inwhichheworkedlastyear.（作狀語(yǔ)）

Thetreatmentwillcontinueuntilthepatientreachesthepointwherehecanwalkcorrectlyandsafely.

Ithinkyouhavegottothepointwhereachangeisneeded,oryouwouldfail.

Governmentreports,legalpapersandmostbusinesslettersarethemainsituationswhereEnglishisused.

He'sgothimselfintoadangeroussituationwherehe'slikelytolosecontroloftheplane.

Thesmallmountainvillagewherewespentourholidaylastmonthliesinwhat/theplacewhichisnowpartofHubei.

※Thisistheparkwhich/thattheyvisitedlastyear.（作賓語(yǔ)）

Nothavingbeentherebefore,hesimplyhadnoideaabouttheplace,whicheveryonesaysisworthvisiting.

●Why指緣由，在定語(yǔ)從句中作緣由狀語(yǔ)。先行詞為reason時(shí)，可用forwhich指代；當(dāng)關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，則用which或that引導(dǎo)。如：

Thereasonwhy/forwhich/(that)hedidn'tattendthemeetingwasthathewasill.

Idon'tbelievethereason(that/which)hegaveme.（作賓語(yǔ)）

Haveyouaskedhimthereasonthatmayexplainhissuccess?（作主語(yǔ)）

Ex.)Hewaslate.That'sbecausehegotuplate.

.Hegotuplate.That'swhyhewaslate.(表語(yǔ)從句)

(thereason)why/forwhichhewaslate.(定語(yǔ)從句)

當(dāng)先行詞為way時(shí)，定語(yǔ)從句常用that,inwhich,或how引導(dǎo)，that?？梢允÷?。

way后的定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞不用時(shí)較多。但假如關(guān)系詞在句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)

時(shí)，則用which或that引導(dǎo)。如:

Thisistheway(that)/inwhichIdosuchthings.

比較:Pleasedotheexperimentintheway（that/which）Ihaveshownyou.

Ⅳ.限制性定語(yǔ)從句與非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)分：

1.形式上，非限制性定語(yǔ)從句往往用逗號(hào)隔開。

2.語(yǔ)法上，非限制性定語(yǔ)從句普通不用that.

3.語(yǔ)義上，限制性定語(yǔ)從句與先行詞關(guān)系緊密，起限定作用，假如去掉了這個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，囫圇句子就不完整或者會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)變意思；而非限制性定語(yǔ)從句與先行詞關(guān)系不是很緊密，對(duì)先行詞起補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明或描述的作用。

ThisisthebookIlikebest.這就是我最喜愛?的那本書。

Beijing,whichhasbeenChina'scapitalformorethan800years,isrichinculturalandhistoricrelics.北京是中國(guó)八百年之久的古都，它有著豐盛的文化和歷史遺產(chǎn)。

4.翻譯時(shí)，限制性定語(yǔ)從句可譯為一句（較短的普通譯為"的"字結(jié)構(gòu)）；而非限制性定語(yǔ)從句可譯為兩句。（見上句翻譯）

比較:Hehasasister,whoisamusician.

Hehasasisterwhoisamusician.

引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞，指人時(shí)用who,whom,whose,指物時(shí)用which,whose;關(guān)系副詞when，where,why,etc.

1.Hestudiedhardatschoolwhenhewasyoung,whichleadstohissuccessinhislaterlife.

2.Tom'sfather,whoarrivedjustnow,isafamousscientist.

3.Theysetupaseparatestateoftheirown,wheretheywouldbefreetokeepNegroesasslaves.

4.Hewasproud,whichhisbrotherneverwas.

Ⅴ.幾個(gè)易混淆的關(guān)系代詞的比較:

●that&which:

在定語(yǔ)從句中，which和that在指代事物時(shí)，普通可以互換使用，但并非在任何狀況下都是這樣，這里介紹宜用that,而不宜用which的狀況.

①先行詞為不定代詞,all,much,something,everything,anything,nothing,none,theone等,

1.Weshoulddoallthatisusefultothepeople.

2.There'snothingthatcanbesaidaboutit.

3.Doyoumeantheonethatwasboughtyesterday?

②先行詞被only,any,few,little,no,just,very,oneof等詞修飾時(shí)。

1.Theonlythingthatwecoulddowastowait.

2.That'stheverywordthatiswronglyused.

Thelastplace(that)wevisitedwasthechemicalworks.

Youcantakeany(=whichever)seatthatisfree.

IhopethelittlethatIcanwillbeofsomehelptothem.

比較*Thisisoneofthebestnovelsthatwerepublishedlastyear.

*Thisistheonlyoneofthebestnovelsthatwaspublishedlastyear.

③先行詞是序數(shù)詞時(shí)或被序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)。

1.WhenwetalkaboutWuxi,thefirstthatcomesintomindisTaiLake.

2.Thisisthethirdfilmthathasbeenshowninourschoolthisterm.

④先行詞是最高級(jí)或被最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。

1.Thisisthebestthatcanbedonenow.

2.Themostimportantthingthatshouldbedonerightnowishowtostophimfromgoingon.

⑤先行詞既有人又有物，用which和who都不適合，這時(shí)宜用that.如：

1.Thewriterandhisnovelthatyouhavejusttalkedaboutisreallywellknown.

2.Theriderandhisbikethathadrunoveranoldwomanwereheldupbythepolice.

⑥被修飾詞為數(shù)詞時(shí).

1.YesterdayIcaughttwofishandputtheminabasinofwater.Nowyoucanseethetwothatarestillalive.

⑦假如有兩個(gè)從句，其中一個(gè)關(guān)系代詞已用which,另一個(gè)關(guān)系代詞宜用that，以避開語(yǔ)言的單調(diào)或重復(fù)。

Edisonbuiltupafactorywhichproducedthingsthathadneverbeenseenbefore.

⑧疑問(wèn)詞是who或which，關(guān)系代詞宜用that，以避開重復(fù)。

1.Whichisthebookthatyoulikebest?

2.Whoisthemanthatisstandingatthegate?

⑨主句是Therebe結(jié)構(gòu)，修飾其主句的定語(yǔ)從句宜用that作關(guān)系代詞.如：

1.Thereisstillaseatinthecornerthatisstillfree.

⑩被修飾成分為表語(yǔ)時(shí)，或者關(guān)系代詞本身是定語(yǔ)從句的表語(yǔ)時(shí),該關(guān)系代詞宜用that.

1.That'sagoodbookthatwillhelpyoualot.

2.Myhomevillageisnolongertheplace(that)itusedtobe.

定語(yǔ)從句中宜用which而不宜用that的狀況:

①當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞的前面有介詞時(shí).

1.Azooisaparkinwhichmanykindsofanimalsarekeptforexhibition.

2.IsthistheroominwhichMr.Whitelives?

②在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中.

1.Crusoe'sdog,whichwasarenowveryold,becameillanddied.

2.MoreandmorepeoplearebeginningtolearnEnglish,whichisbecomingverypopularinourcountry.(which指代主句)

③在一個(gè)句子中有兩個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，其中一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞用了that,另一個(gè)宜用which.

1.Letmeshowyouthenovel，thatIborrowedfromthelibrarywhichwasnewlyopentous.

2.AtthestationIboughtsomemagazinesthatmighthelpmetopassthetimeonthetrainandwhichIcouldpassontootherswhenIfinishedthem.

④當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞后面帶有插入語(yǔ)時(shí).

1.Here'stheEnglishgrammarwhich,asIhavetoldyou,willhelpimproveyourEnglish.

⑤先行詞本身是that,宜用which.

What'sthatwhichsheislookingat?

⑥先行詞是those+復(fù)數(shù)名詞.

Ashopshouldkeepastockofthosegoodswhichsellbest.

(B)who&that:

who和that指代人時(shí)，有些狀況宜用who,而不宜用that

①先行詞為anyone,anybody,those,all,one,ones,they,he,people時(shí).如：

1.ThepersonIwanttolearnfromistheonewhostudieshardandworkswell.

2.Anyonewho(=Whoever)failedtocometothemeetingyesterdaymustgivehisreason.

3.Thosewhoarenotfitfortheirworkshouldleaveofficeatonce

4.Idon'tliketheones(=those)whotalkbig.

5.Personswhoarequarrelsomearedespised.

②在Therebe結(jié)構(gòu)中，修飾主語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ)從句宜用關(guān)系代詞who指代人.如：

1.Thereisagentlemanwhowantstoseeyou.

2.Thereareseveralstudentsinourclasswhoarestillnotsureabouttheuseofattributiveclauses.

③當(dāng)先行詞有較長(zhǎng)的后置定語(yǔ)時(shí).如：

1.ImetaforeignerintheparkyesterdayafternoonwhocouldspeakChineseverywell.

④一個(gè)句子中帶有兩個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，其中一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞是that,另一個(gè)則宜用who,以免重復(fù).如：

1.Thestudentthatwaspraisedatyesterday'smeetingisthemonitorwhoisverymodestandworksveryhard.

●as&which:

as&which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)分：

①位置的不同：

which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句只置于所限制的句子后；as位置較靈便，也就是說(shuō)as可置于所限

制的句子前面；插在句子中或放在句子后。如：

1.Hewaslateagain,whichmadehisteacherveryangry.

2.Jack,asyouknow,isanhonestman.或Jackisanhonestman,asyouknow.

或Asyouknow,Jackisanhonestman.

②先行詞的不同：

as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，其先行詞多為一個(gè)句子；

which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，其先行詞可以是一個(gè)詞，一個(gè)短語(yǔ)或一個(gè)句子。

※Hewasproud,whichhisbrotherneverwas.（先行詞是一個(gè)詞）

Shewasverypatienttowardsthechildren,whichherhusbandseldomwas.

Hewasproud,whichIdislikeverymuch.（先行詞是一個(gè)句子）

※Heisanhonestman,asisknowntoall.

Hewasaforeigner,asIknowfromhisaccent.

③as普通譯為"正如""就像"，"這一點(diǎn)"

asweallknow；asyouknow;asisknowntoall;asyousee;aswecansee;ashasbeenexpected;aswehaveimagined.

訓(xùn)練題匯總

◆EX1.用定語(yǔ)從句完成下列句子。

1．Thisisthemostbeautifulforest___(我所見過(guò)的).

2．DouPoTang(陡坡塘)Waterfall,___(位于貴州省的),is105meterswideand21metershigh.

◆EX2用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞填空.Haveatry!!!

1.Iwillneverforgettheday__________Ifirstwenttoschool.

Iwillneverforgettheday__________wespentinBeijing.

2.Thehouse__________wevisitedisbeingrepairednow.

Thehouse______Luxunoncelivedisbeingrepairednow.

◆Ex3挑選適當(dāng)?shù)拇~填空，注重非限制性定語(yǔ)從句和單句的比較。

1.IamreadingHarryPorter,_____isaninterestingbook.

2.Hefailedintheexam._______madehisparentsangry.

3.Hefailedintheexam