2023屆廣東省佛山市禪城區(qū)高三考前模擬預(yù)測英語試題（ 含答案解析 ）

第1頁/共1頁2023屆高考模擬試題(二)英語本試卷共9頁，滿分120分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘注意事項(xiàng);1.答題前，考生務(wù)必用黑色字跡的簽字筆或鋼筆在答題卡填寫自己的考生號(hào)、姓名、座位號(hào)。用2B鉛筆把對(duì)應(yīng)該號(hào)碼的標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。2.選擇題每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑，如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案，答案答在試題卷上無效。3.非選擇題必須用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫在答卷上各題目指定區(qū)域內(nèi)相應(yīng)位置上;如需改動(dòng)，先劃掉原來的答案，然后再寫上新的答案;不準(zhǔn)使用鉛筆和涂改液，不按以上要求作答的答案無效。4.考試結(jié)束后，將答卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AAcrosstheworld,youngpeopleareshapingthefutureinmanyfields.Theirideasaretransformingcommunitiesandsociety.Here’salookattheachievementsoffourinspirationalyoungleaders.KwiriYangKwiriisthefounderandCEOofLifeGyde,anonlineplatformforyoungpeopletoseekadvice,guidanceandsupport.Shehasanimpressivetrackrecordofsupportingindividualsandsmallbusinesses.ShefirsthelpedimmigrantownersofsmallbusinessesinCalifornia.Whenshedevelopedanxietyanddepression,Kwirirealizedhowmanypeople,likeher,werestrugglingwiththeirmentalhealth—andLifeGydewasborn.AbiRamananAbiistheco-founderandCEOofImpactVision,asoftwareplatformthatusesmachinelearningtoreducefoodwaste.ImpactVision’stechnologyusesdigitalimagingtotakeapictureoffoodandanalyzeitsnutritionalvalueandfreshness.Thesystemaimstoreducewastewhilealsoimprovingfoodsafety.Astechnologyadvances,thesensorsitusesarereducinginsizeandprice,andcouldsoonbeintegratedintoeverydaydevices.OanaToiuOanaisthefounderandgeneralmanagerofSocialInnovationSolutions,whichofferstrainingandconsultancyinsocialinnovation.She’salsoontheBoardofDirectorsofTheEntrepreneurshipAcademy,wherestudentsworkinteams,learningaboutbusinessbyrunningrealbusinessesundertheguidanceofateamcoach.DoreenKessyDoreenisCEOofUbongo,amulti-mediaeducationalplatforminAfrica.Usingthepowerofentertainmentandmassmedia,thecompanyprovideseducationalmaterialatlowcostandhighvolume.Some6.4millionhouseholdsin31countriescurrentlywatch,listenandlearnfromUbongo’scartoonseachweek,withimprovedoutcomesinmathsandschoolreadiness.1.WhatisKwiriYang’sachievement?A.Shefoundacureformentaldiseases.B.Sheestablishedacompanyonimmigration.C.Shesupportedtheyoungintheirmentalhealth.DShesetupanonlinelearningplatformforkids.2.WhichfielddoesAbiRamanan’splatformmainlyfocuson?A.Healthcare. B.Education. C.Technology. D.Foodsafety.3.Whatdothesefourpeopleshareincommon?A.Theyareyoung,energeticandwealthy. B.Theycreatejobsformanyyoungpeople.C.Theymadecontributionstocommunities. D.Theyencouragedtheyoungtodobusiness.【答案】1.C2.D3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了四位在不同領(lǐng)域產(chǎn)生積極影響的青年領(lǐng)袖的成就。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)KwiriYang中的第二段“Whenshedevelopedanxietyanddepression,Kwirirealizedhowmanypeople,likeher,werestrugglingwiththeirmentalhealth—andLifeGydewasborn.(當(dāng)她患上焦慮和抑郁時(shí)，Kwiri意識(shí)到有多少人和她一樣，在與自己的心理健康作斗爭——于是LifeGyde誕生了。)”可知，Kwiri的成就是她支持年輕人的心理健康。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)AbiRamanan中的第二段“ImpactVision’stechnologyusesdigitalimagingtotakeapictureoffoodandanalyzeitsnutritionalvalueandfreshness.Thesystemaimstoreducewastewhilealsoimprovingfoodsafety.(ImpactVision的技術(shù)使用數(shù)字成像技術(shù)拍攝食物，并分析其營養(yǎng)價(jià)值和新鮮度。該系統(tǒng)旨在減少浪費(fèi)，同時(shí)提高食品安全。)”可知，AbiRamanan的平臺(tái)主要關(guān)注食品安全領(lǐng)域。故選D。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Theirideasaretransformingcommunitiesandsociety.Here’salookattheachievementsoffourinspirationalyoungleaders.(他們的想法正在改變社區(qū)和社會(huì)。以下是四位勵(lì)志青年領(lǐng)袖的成就。)”及全文可知，這四個(gè)人的共同點(diǎn)是他們都對(duì)社區(qū)做出了貢獻(xiàn)。故選C。BLedet,anativeofLakeCharlesandhissisterwereraisedbyhissinglemom.“Itwasastoughasyoucanimagine.Sometimes,wehadtodigintrashcansforpizzasandnotyetrottenfruit,”saidLedet.Whenhegraduatedfromhighschool,therewereonlytwooptionshehad—gotothemilitaryorgetajob.So,in2004,theU.S.Navybecamehisjob.Butlifehasawayofofferingsecondchances.Duringaconversationwithhiswife,Mallory,herealizedthatcollegeisnotjustforrichpeople,hecangotocollegetoo.WithMallory’shelp,heappliedtoSouthernUniversity.Butashealsoneededtomakemoneyforhisfamily,LedettookajobatBatonRougeGeneralMedicalCenterasasecurityguard.Itwasajobthatchangedhispath.Whileworkingthere,hebecameinspiredandwantedtobecomeaphysician.Sohestartedaskingasmanyphysiciansashecouldwhetherhecouldshadowthem.Andalotofthemtoldhimsecurityguardsdon’tbecomedoctors.Butonedoctor,Dr.PatrickGreiffenstein,honoredLedet’srequest.HedidwhatwasnecessarysothatLedetcouldofficiallyfollowhimashedidsurgeriesandcaredforpatients.Ledetwasdedicatedfromthestart.“Hedesiredtolearnandhereadonhisownandhelookedupthings,soitseemedobviousthatthiswasrealforhim.Hewouldstaylateandthengointohisshiftthenextmorningordoashiftandcomejoinusinthemorning,”saidGreiffenstein.LedetwentontograduatefromSouthernUniversitywithadoublemajor:chemistryandbiology.Butabachelor’sdegreewouldnotbetheendofhisacademicpursuits.Heearnedhisdoctor’sdegreefromNYUSchoolofMedicine.Still,hewantedtobeamedicaldoctor.4.WhatdoweknowaboutRussellLedet’searlylife?A.Hecamefrompoorfamily. B.Hedroppedoutofschool.C.HeenjoyedbeingaNavy. D.Hedreamedtobeadoctor.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“shadow”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Lookafter. B.Workwith. C.Relyon. D.Learnfrom.6.WhatpersonalitiesdoesLedethave?A.Devotedandhumble. B.Patientandsensitive.C.Caringandtalented. D.Determinedandambitious.7.WhatmessagedoesLedet’sexperienceconvey?A.Clothesdonotmakeaman. B.Yourlifeiswhatyoumakeit.C.Whilethereislife，thereishope. D.Allthingscometothosewhowait.【答案】4.A5.D6.D7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了Ledet的奮斗故事，Ledet和妹妹是由單親媽媽撫養(yǎng)長大的，從小生活貧困。后來Ledet從妻子那兒得知每個(gè)人都擁有上大學(xué)的機(jī)會(huì)，于是，他通過自己的努力最終獲得了博士學(xué)位。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Ledet,anativeofLakeCharlesandhissisterwereraisedbyhissinglemom.“Itwasastoughasyoucanimagine.Sometimes,wehadtodigintrashcansforpizzasandnotyetrottenfruit,”saidLedet.(Ledet是查爾斯湖的本地人，他和妹妹是由他的單身母親撫養(yǎng)長大的?！斑@和你想象的一樣艱難。有時(shí)，我們不得不在垃圾桶里翻找披薩和尚未腐爛的水果。”Ledet說)”可知，Ledet出身貧苦家庭。故選A。【5題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線單詞下文“Andalotofthemtoldhimsecurityguardsdon’tbecomedoctors.Butonedoctor,Dr.PatrickGreiffenstein,honoredLedet’srequest.HedidwhatwasnecessarysothatLedetcouldofficiallyfollowhimashedidsurgeriesandcaredforpatients.(很多人告訴他保安不會(huì)成為醫(yī)生。但有一位醫(yī)生PatrickGreifenstein尊重了Ledet的請(qǐng)求。他做了必要的事情，這樣Ledet就可以正式跟隨他做手術(shù)和照顧病人)”可知，劃線單詞指的是Ledet詢問醫(yī)生自己是否可以向他們學(xué)習(xí)以成為醫(yī)生。故劃線單詞的意思和“向某人學(xué)習(xí)”相似。選項(xiàng)A“Lookafter(照顧)”；選項(xiàng)B“Workwith(共事)”；選項(xiàng)C“Relyon(依賴)”；選項(xiàng)D“Learnfrom(向……學(xué)習(xí))”。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Duringaconversationwithhiswife,Mallory,herealizedthatcollegeisnotjustforrichpeople,hecangotocollegetoo.WithMallory’shelp,heappliedtoSouthernUniversity.(在與妻子Mallory的一次談話中，他意識(shí)到大學(xué)不僅僅是為富人準(zhǔn)備的，他也可以上大學(xué)。在Mallory的幫助下，他申請(qǐng)了南方大學(xué))”以及文章第三段“Itwasajobthatchangedhispath.Whileworkingthere,hebecameinspiredandwantedtobecomeaphysician.(這份工作改變了他的人生道路。在那里工作期間，他受到啟發(fā)，想成為一名醫(yī)生。)”以及第三段“Ledetwasdedicatedfromthestart.(Ledet從一開始就很專注)”可推知，Ledet是一個(gè)有決心、有毅力、有志向的人。故選D。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Duringaconversationwithhiswife,Mallory,herealizedthatcollegeisnotjustforrichpeople,hecangotocollegetoo.WithMallory’shelp,heappliedtoSouthernUniversity.(在與妻子Mallory的一次談話中，他意識(shí)到大學(xué)不僅僅是為富人準(zhǔn)備的，他也可以上大學(xué)。在Mallory的幫助下，他申請(qǐng)了南方大學(xué))”可知，Ledet從妻子那兒知道每個(gè)人都可以上大學(xué)，于是申請(qǐng)了大學(xué)。再根據(jù)文章第三段“Itwasajobthatchangedhispath.Whileworkingthere,hebecameinspiredandwantedtobecomeaphysician.(這份工作改變了他的人生道路。在那里工作期間，他受到啟發(fā)，想成為一名醫(yī)生)”以及最后一段“LedetwentontograduatefromSouthernUniversitywithadoublemajor:chemistryandbiology.Butabachelor’sdegreewouldnotbetheendofhisacademicpursuits.Heearnedhisdoctor’sdegreefromNYUSchoolofMedicine.Still,hewantedtobeamedicaldoctor.(Ledet畢業(yè)于南方大學(xué)，主修化學(xué)和生物雙學(xué)位。但學(xué)士學(xué)位并不是他學(xué)術(shù)追求的終點(diǎn)。他在紐約大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院獲得博士學(xué)位。盡管如此，他還是想成為一名醫(yī)生)”可知，Ledet通過自己的努力成為了自己想要成為的人。由此推知，Ledet的經(jīng)歷傳達(dá)了“Yourlifeiswhatyoumakeit.(你的生活是你自己創(chuàng)造的)”。故選B。CWheneveryoureadtext,youdon’tpaymuchattentiontothewaytheinformationispresented—particularlythefont(字體)choice.That’sbecauseyourmainobjectiveisreadingcomprehension.Althoughprintingdesignisoverlookedbymostofus,it’scrucialinmakingtextsclear,readableandappealingforaudiences.Beyondthevisualaspect,researchshowsthatfontsplayasignificantroleinthecognitive(認(rèn)知的)processeswhileweread.Afont’simpactonthewayyoulearnandkeepinformationmightbehardtonoticeconsciously,butyourbrainiscertainlytunedin.Perhapssurprisingly,hard-to-readfontssuchasBodoniorComicSansorarebetterforpreservinginformationthanfontslikeArialorTimesNewRoman.Participantsrecalledmoreinformationfromthematerialtheyreadwhenitwaspresentedinafontthatwasdifficulttoread,accordingtoa2010study.“Difficultycanfunctionasanalarmsignal,givingthereaderasensethatthetaskischallengingandwillrequirementaleffort,”saysDanielOppenheimer,aprofessorofSocialandDecisionScience.“Additionally,slowingdownthereadingspeedtodealwiththedis-fluencymayhelpreadersspoterrorsinatext.Hard-to-readfonts,whichmakeithardertoengagewithamaterialbutdon’tactuallydrawawaythereader,thereforegenerate“desirabledifficulty”—andtheresultingcognitivetroublemayimproveperformancebecausetheyrequiremorementaleffort.”Fontcharacteristicssuchasstyle,sizeandcolorplayaroleininformationretentionorrecall,aswell,becausefontdesignisvitaltoourfamiliarity—orunfamiliarity—withagivenword,saysStephenBanham,atypographylecturer.Experimentshavedemonstratedarelationshipbetweenfontsizeandmemory:largefontitemsmaypredicthigherrecallregardlessofstyle,butverysmallfontsizescanalsointroduceadesirabledifficulty.Adocument’sspecificmethodofformattinginformationalsomakesanimpact.Usingfontstyleslikeboldoritalicstoindicatesignificancecanalsoimproveinformationpossession.That’sbecausepeoplearebetterabletorememberinformationtheyconsiderimportant.Researchersfoundthatboldedtexthasahigherrecallthantextinitalicorregularstyles,regardlessofthefontsize.However,ifanentiredocumentisbolded,theemphasisislost,andreaderscannolongerspotvitalpassages.8.Whatdofontsmainlyaffectaccordingtoparagraph2?A.Textdifficulty. B.Printingdesign.C.Readers’interests. D.Informationrecall.9.Whichoneshowstherelationshipbetweenfontsizeandmemory?A. B. C. D.10.Whichmethodshouldbeavoidedforemphasiswhenformattinginformation?A.Boldingthewholetext. B.Repeatingkeywords.C.Usinganitalicfont. D.Applyingbigfont.11.What’sthepurposeofthistext?A.Tocomparedifferentfonts. B.Toidentifyfontcharacteristics.C.Toshowfont’sinfluenceonreading. D.Toexplorefontandreadingdifficulty.【答案】8.D9.C10.A11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了在我們的閱讀過程中，字體在我們閱讀時(shí)的認(rèn)知過程中也起著重要作用?！?題詳解】主旨大意。根據(jù)文章第二段“Afont’simpactonthewayyoulearnandkeepinformationmightbehardtonoticeconsciously,butyourbrainiscertainlytunedin.Perhapssurprisingly,hard-to-readfontssuchasBodoniorComicSansorarebetterforpreservinginformationthanfontslikeArialorTimesNewRoman.Participantsrecalledmoreinformationfromthematerialtheyreadwhenitwaspresentedinafontthatwasdifficulttoread,accordingtoa2010study.(一種字體對(duì)你學(xué)習(xí)和保存信息的方式的影響可能很難有意識(shí)地注意到，但你的大腦肯定會(huì)注意到。也許令人驚訝的是，難以閱讀的字體，如Bodoni或ComicSansor，比Arial或TimesNewRoman等字體更能保存信息。根據(jù)2010年的一項(xiàng)研究，當(dāng)閱讀材料以一種難以閱讀的字體呈現(xiàn)時(shí)，參與者從閱讀材料中回憶起更多的信息)”可知，第二段主要講述的是字體對(duì)于人們回憶文本方面所產(chǎn)生的影響。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Experimentshavedemonstratedarelationshipbetweenfontsizeandmemory:largefontitemsmaypredicthigherrecallregardlessofstyle,butverysmallfontsizescanalsointroduceadesirabledifficulty.(實(shí)驗(yàn)已經(jīng)證明了字體大小和記憶之間的關(guān)系：無論字體大小如何，大字體項(xiàng)目可能預(yù)示著更高的記憶，但非常小的字體大小也可能帶來預(yù)計(jì)的難度)”可知，字體越大預(yù)示著越高的記憶。故選C?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Researchersfoundthatboldedtexthasahigherrecallthantextinitalicorregularstyles,regardlessofthefontsize.However,ifanentiredocumentisbolded,theemphasisislost,andreaderscannolongerspotvitalpassages.(研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，無論字體大小如何，粗體文本的記憶率都高于斜體或普通字體。然而，如果整個(gè)文檔都加粗，重點(diǎn)就會(huì)丟失，讀者也就找不到重要的段落了)”可知，無論字體大小，粗體文本的記憶率都高于斜體或普通字體，但是如果整個(gè)文檔都加粗，就不會(huì)有同樣的效果。由此推知，在規(guī)劃文本時(shí)，我們不可以將這個(gè)文本加粗。故選A。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Althoughprintingdesignisoverlookedbymostofus,it’scrucialinmakingtextsclear,readableandappealingforaudiences.Beyondthevisualaspect,researchshowsthatfontsplayasignificantroleinthecognitive(認(rèn)知的)processeswhileweread.Afont’simpactonthewayyoulearnandkeepinformationmightbehardtonoticeconsciously,butyourbrainiscertainlytunedin.(雖然印刷設(shè)計(jì)被我們大多數(shù)人所忽視，但它對(duì)于使文本清晰、易讀和吸引觀眾至關(guān)重要。研究表明，除了視覺方面，字體在我們閱讀時(shí)的認(rèn)知過程中也起著重要作用。一種字體對(duì)你學(xué)習(xí)和保存信息的方式的影響可能很難有意識(shí)地注意到，但你的大腦肯定會(huì)注意到)”以及全文內(nèi)容可推知，文章主要目的是介紹字體對(duì)閱讀的影響。故選C。DArielNovoplansky,anecologistinIsrael,setupanexperimentamongpeaplantstostudyhowtheycommunicatewitheachother.IntheexperimentsArielputthepeaplantsinrowsofcontainers.Thecenterplantintherowwasthetarget.Thepeaplantshadbeengrownwithtwomainroots.Ononeside,eachpeaplanthadonerootinitsownpotandtheotherreachingintoaneighbor’spot.Thecentralplantconnectedtoitsclosestneighbor,whichconnectedtoanotherneighbor,andsoondowntheline.Ontheotherside,alltheplantskepttheirrootsintheirownpots,unconnectedtotheirneighbors.Witheverythingready,theecologistcreatedadrynessforthecentraltargetplant,whichhadquicklyclosedupitsleafpores(氣孔)tosavewater.Amazingly,theconnectedplantsononesidegraduallycloseduptheirleafpores,eventhoughonlyoneofthemhadexperiencedrealdryness.Ontheotherside,withunconnectedrootspeachain,alltheirporesstayedopen.Thismeansthewarningsignaldidn’ttravelfromthestressedplantsleavesthroughtheair,butonlyfromitsrootsthroughthesoil.It’spossiblethatplantsarejusteavesdropping(偷聽)evenifthedamagedplantdidn’tmeantosendsignalstothem.Maybethedamagedplantleakscertainchemicalsandnearbyrootscouldsensethosesignals.Buttheplantswithconnectedrootsthatweren’tdriedoutpassedonthedroughtsignalstotheirneighborstoo,whichmeanssimpleeavesdroppingprobablyisn’ttheanswer.Theyseemtobehavingarealconversation,pickingupinformationononesideandsharingitwithaneighborontheother.Thebenefittoaplantthatreceivesthisinformationisprettyclear.Butwhat’sthebenefittosendingadangersignaltoyourneigbour?Remember,yourneighbormayactuallybeyou.12.WhichaspectoftheexperimentdoesParagraph2mainlyconcern?AItsfinding. B.Itsapplication. C.Itspurpose. D.Itsdesign.13.Howdothepeaplantscommunicateintheexperiment?A.Byconnectingtheirroots. B.Byopeningtheirleafpores.C.Byspreadingaspecialsmell. D.Byleakingcertainchemicals.14.Whichwordbestdescribesthecommunicationbetweenplants?A.Complex. B.Cooperative. C.Efficient. D.Direct.15.Whydoesaplantsendadangersignaltoitsneighborsaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.Tobetteritssurroundings. B.Tomakeitselfstrong.C.Todevelopitsroot. D.Tokeepitselfsafe.【答案】12.D13.A14.B15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，該研究表明了豌豆植物之間是如何進(jìn)行交流的。【12題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段內(nèi)容“Intheexperiments,Arielputthepeaplantsinrowsofcontainers.Thecenterplantintherowwasthetarget.Thepeaplantshadbeengrownwithtwomainroots.Ononeside,eachpeaplanthadonerootinitsownpotandtheotherreachingintoaneighbor’spot.Thecentralplantconnectedtoitsclosestneighbor,whichconnectedtoanotherneighbor,andsoondowntheline.Ontheotherside,alltheplantskepttheirrootsintheirownpots,unconnectedtotheirneighbors.(在實(shí)驗(yàn)中，Ariel把豌豆植物放在一排排的容器中。排在中間的植物是目標(biāo)。豌豆長著兩根主根。在一邊，每棵豌豆都有一根在自己的花盆里，另一根伸向鄰居的花盆里。中央的豌豆連著最近的鄰居，鄰居又連著另一個(gè)鄰居，以此類推。在另一邊，所有的植物都把根放在自己的花盆里，與周圍的植物沒有聯(lián)系。)”可知，第二段主要介紹了該實(shí)驗(yàn)的設(shè)計(jì)。故選D?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Thismeansthewarningsignaldidn’ttravelfromthestressedplantsleavesthroughtheair,butonlyfromitsrootsthroughthesoil.(這意味著警告信號(hào)不是通過空氣從受脅迫的植物的葉子傳播，而是通過土壤從植物的根傳播。)”可知，實(shí)驗(yàn)中，豌豆植物是通過根部傳播信息的。故選A。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“Buttheplantswithconnectedrootsthatweren’tdriedoutpassedonthedroughtsignalstotheirneighborstoo,whichmeanssimpleeavesdroppingprobablyisn’ttheanswer.Theyseemtobehavingarealconversation,pickingupinformationononesideandsharingitwithaneighborontheother.(但是根部相連的植物也會(huì)將干旱信號(hào)傳遞給它們的鄰居，這意味著簡單的竊聽可能不是答案。他們似乎在進(jìn)行真正的對(duì)話，一邊收集信息，另一邊與鄰居分享。)”可推斷，植物之間的交流一邊收集信息，一邊與鄰居分享，是一種合作的關(guān)系。故選B?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Thebenefittoaplantthatreceivesthisinformationisprettyclear.Butwhat’sthebenefittosendingadangersignaltoyourneigbour?Remember,yourneighbormayactuallybeyou.(植物接收到這些信息的好處是顯而易見的。但是向鄰居發(fā)出危險(xiǎn)信號(hào)有什么好處呢？記住，你的鄰居可能就是你自己。)”可推斷，作者的意思是，植物向鄰居發(fā)出危險(xiǎn)信號(hào)對(duì)鄰居的是有好處的，但所謂助人就是助己，鄰居安全植物自己也就安全了。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題：每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Involvementinactivitiesoutsideofschoolworkmakeshighschoolalotmoreinterestingandfun.____16____Throughextracurricularactivities,youcandevelopimportantskills,suchasteamwork,publicspeaking,creativity,leadership,andself-awareness.Thefirststepistoexplore.____17____Whileyoucan’tdoeverything,trytogetinvolvedinasmanyclubs,teams,andactivitiesthatyoufindinteresting.Thereisnotarequiredone-size-fits-alllistofactivities.Whatmattersisthatyoufindclubsandprogramsthatinterestyou!Youwon’tknowifyoulikesomethingifyoudon’ttryit.____18____Forexample,ifyouthinkyoumightbeinterestedinearningabusinessdegree,findoutifyourhighschoolhasafinancialassociation.Ifyouthinkyou’dlikeacareerinpolitics,checktoseeifyourhighschoolhasaModelUniteNationsproject.Whileyouwanttoappear“wellrounded,”itisimportantthatyoudon’ttakeontoomuch.____19____Itcanbehelpfultoseefreshmanyearasthetimetotryalotofthings.Inyoursophomoreyear,youcanbeginlimitingyourinvolvementtoyourmostimportantactivities.Thiswillallowyoutospendmoretimeonfewerthings.____20____Developitintoatruepassionandtrytobeanexpertinit.Thisiswhatmakesyouuniqueandallowsyoutoshineonacollegeapplicationorqualifyforascholarship.A.Bearinmindwhatismostimportanttoyou.B.Youmayfeelithardtomakechoicesattheverybeginning.C.Participateinvariousextracurricularactivitieswithinterest.D.Asyoustarthighschool,youwillfindyouhavemanynewopportunities.E.Allowyourselfenoughtimetodowellintheactivitiesyoucareaboutmost.F.Theseactivitieshelpyougainabilitiesyoucouldn’tlearnthroughtextbooksandtestsaloneG.Keepaneyeoutforclubsthatmayspecificallyhelpyouprepareforaparticularcollegemajor.【答案】16.F17.D18.G19.E20.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文。文章介紹了高中階段參加課外社團(tuán)活動(dòng)的意義，以及一些相關(guān)的建議?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Involvementinactivitiesoutsideofschoolworkmakeshighschoolalotmoreinterestingandfun.(參與課外活動(dòng)使高中生活更加有趣和快樂)”可知，本文話題為課外活動(dòng)，上文提及參與課外活動(dòng)帶來的好處，下文“Throughextracurricularactivities,youcandevelopimportantskills,suchasteamwork,publicspeaking,creativity,leadership,andself-awareness.(通過課外活動(dòng)，你可以培養(yǎng)重要的技能，比如團(tuán)隊(duì)合作、公眾演講、創(chuàng)造力、領(lǐng)導(dǎo)能力和自我意識(shí)。)”，下文具體列舉了參與課外活動(dòng)所能培養(yǎng)的技能，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“Theseactivitieshelpyougainabilitiesyoucouldn’tlearnthroughtextbooksandtestsalone(這些活動(dòng)可以幫助你獲得僅通過課本和考試無法學(xué)到的能力)”，其中的Theseactivities呼應(yīng)上文的activitiesoutsideofschoolwork，而下文則順接F項(xiàng)中的abilitiesyoucouldn’tlearnthroughtextbooksandtestsalone，上下文銜接連貫順暢，故選F項(xiàng)。【17題詳解】本段首句“Thefirststepistoexplore.(第一步是探索。)”，下文“Whileyoucan’tdoeverything,trytogetinvolvedinasmanyclubs,teams,andactivitiesthatyoufindinteresting.Thereisnotarequiredone-size-fits-alllistofactivities.Whatmattersisthatyoufindclubsandprogramsthatinterestyou!(雖然你不可能什么都做，但盡量多參加一些你感興趣的社團(tuán)、團(tuán)隊(duì)和活動(dòng)。并不需要一個(gè)放之四海而皆準(zhǔn)的活動(dòng)列表。重要的是你找到了你感興趣的社團(tuán)和項(xiàng)目！)”可知，課外活動(dòng)可以是參加感興趣的社團(tuán)，D項(xiàng)“Asyoustarthighschool,youwillfindyouhavemanynewopportunities.(當(dāng)你開始上高中時(shí)，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)你有很多新的機(jī)會(huì)。)”，句中的manynewopportunities呼應(yīng)首句中的explore，這個(gè)課外活動(dòng)的探索在高一時(shí)就開始了，且機(jī)會(huì)多多，這個(gè)階段可以參加多個(gè)感興趣的社團(tuán)，上下文銜接連貫，故選D項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Youwon’tknowifyoulikesomethingifyoudon’ttryit.(如果你不去嘗試，你就不知道你是否喜歡它。)”，下文“Forexample,ifyouthinkyoumightbeinterestedinearningabusinessdegree,findoutifyourhighschoolhasafinancialassociation.Ifyouthinkyou’dlikeacareerinpolitics,checktoseeifyourhighschoolhasaModelUniteNationsproject.(例如，如果你認(rèn)為你可能對(duì)獲得商業(yè)學(xué)位感興趣，看看你的高中是否有金融協(xié)會(huì)。如果你想從政，看看你的高中是否有模擬聯(lián)合國項(xiàng)目。)”可知，可以通過高中階段的社團(tuán)活動(dòng)去接觸一些自己可能感興趣的，針對(duì)大學(xué)專業(yè)、未來職業(yè)的社團(tuán)活動(dòng)，通過嘗試這些活動(dòng)來確認(rèn)自己是否喜歡，G項(xiàng)“Keepaneyeoutforclubsthatmayspecificallyhelpyouprepareforaparticularcollegemajor.(留意那些專門幫助你為某一大學(xué)專業(yè)做準(zhǔn)備的社團(tuán)。)”，下文通過舉例的方式，對(duì)G項(xiàng)進(jìn)行解釋，參加這些社團(tuán)，可以提前確認(rèn)自己是否喜歡這些專業(yè)，上下文銜接連貫，故選G項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Whileyouwanttoappear‘wellrounded,’itisimportantthatyoudon’ttakeontoomuch(雖然你想讓自己看起來“全面發(fā)展”，但重要的是不要承擔(dān)太多。)”可知，不要選擇太多的課外社團(tuán)活動(dòng)，下文“Itcanbehelpfultoseefreshmanyearasthetimetotryalotofthings.Inyoursophomoreyear,youcanbeginlimitingyourinvolvementtoyourmostimportantactivities.Thiswillallowyoutospendmoretimeonfewerthings.(把高一看作是嘗試很多事情的時(shí)候是很有幫助的。在高二的時(shí)候，你可以開始把你的活動(dòng)限制在最重要的活動(dòng)上。這會(huì)讓你把更多的時(shí)間花在更少的事情上。)”可知，高二開始，要關(guān)注最重要的活動(dòng)，而不是把時(shí)間、精力分散在不重要的活動(dòng)中，E項(xiàng)“Allowyourselfenoughtimetodowellintheactivitiesyoucareaboutmost.(給自己足夠的時(shí)間把自己最關(guān)心的事情做好。)”可知，E項(xiàng)承接上文，不參與不重要的社團(tuán)課外活動(dòng)，才能使自己有足夠的時(shí)間去做自己最關(guān)心的事，E項(xiàng)與下文spendmoretimeonfewerthings呼應(yīng)，上下文銜接連貫，故選E項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】下文“Developitintoatruepassionandtrytobeanexpertinit.Thisiswhatmakesyouuniqueandallowsyoutoshineonacollegeapplicationorqualifyforascholarship.(把它培養(yǎng)成一種真正熱衷的愛好，并努力成為這方面的專家。這讓你與眾不同，讓你在大學(xué)申請(qǐng)中脫穎而出，或者有資格獲得獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金。)”可知，通過課外活動(dòng)使自己有特長，A項(xiàng)“Bearinmindwhatismostimportanttoyou.(記住對(duì)你來說最重要的是什么。)”，下文的it即指代A項(xiàng)中的whatismostimportanttoyou，時(shí)刻記住自己在課外活動(dòng)中需要獲得什么技能，并把它培養(yǎng)成為自己的愛好，可以增加自己在大學(xué)申請(qǐng)時(shí)的優(yōu)勢，上下文銜接連貫。故選A項(xiàng)。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。ThefutureisburningbrightforSmellofLoveCandlesandits12-year-oldCEO.After____21____thebusinessinhisfamily’skitchenabouttwoyearsago,Alejandrowillbringhiscandlestoaworld-famousshoppingmallnextweek.The____22____forSmellofLovecametoAlejandroin2019whenhediscoveredhismom’sheadhurtfromthesmellofthecandlesshe____23____.Despitelovingcandlesverymuch,shehadnochoicebutto____24____them.Unwillingtoseehismom____25____,Alejandrostartedtestingalternativesthatwouldbe____26____tomakecandles.Tohisdelight,thefirstproductwasa____27____withhismomandherheadachedisappeared.Afterdecidingtoformabusiness,Alejandrostartedbrainstormingpotential____28____.“Yousmellcandles,andtheybringjoyandloveintoyourhome,sowhydon’twecallthem‘SmellofLoveCandles’?”hesaid.“Thenametrulygoeswithhis____29____,”saidhismom.“Bringinghappinesstoothershasbeenabig_____30_____ineverythinghedoes.”NowAlejandrobecomesthe_____31_____standownerofthenation’smostpopularshoppingmall.“WeareveryexcitedtosupportAlejandrowiththeopportunityto_____32_____hisSmellofLovecandles,”saysthemanager.“Thisisthefirsttimethatwehaverentedaplacetoakidand_____33_____itwillinspiremorekidstofollowtheir_____34_____.”Alejandro’sbusinessisdoingwell,andhe’smakingmoney.Besidessavingforschool,hedonatestocharitiesmonthly.ToAlejandro,_____35_____isn’tonlyaboutmakingmoney.It’saboutspreadingloveandhelpingothers.21.A.learning B.joining C.starting D.expanding22.A.hope B.time C.idea D.search23.A.lit B.saw C.held D.make24.A.getaddictedto B.makeuseof C.takeadvantageof D.getridof25.A.sad B.angry C.worried D.embarrassed26.A.stable B.healthy C.recyclable D.convenient27.A.hit B.bond C.concern D.trial28.A.names B.profits C.products D.locations29.A.age B.interest C.talent D.personality30.A.leap B.theme C.discovery D.challenge31.A.busiest B.richest C.wisest D.youngest32.A.share B.promote C.create D.improve33.A.generally B.fortunately C.amazingly D.certainly34.A.steps B.passions C.movements D.instructions35.A.effort B.ambition C.success D.responsibility【答案】21.C22.C23.A24.D25.A26.B27.A28.A29.D30.B31.D32.B33.D34.B35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了12歲的亞歷杭德羅如何在家里開始他的“愛的味道”蠟燭生意，并將他的蠟燭帶到了世界著名的購物中心，這個(gè)生意不僅僅是為了賺錢，更是為了傳遞愛和幫助他人?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：大約兩年前，亞歷杭德羅在家里的廚房里開始了他的生意，下周，他將把蠟燭帶到一家世界著名的購物中心。A.learning學(xué)習(xí)；B.joining加入；C.starting開始；D.expanding擴(kuò)張。根據(jù)“Alejandrowillbringhiscandlestoaworld-famousshoppingmallnextweek.”可知，亞歷杭德羅兩年前在家里的廚房里開始了他的生意。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：2019年，亞歷杭德羅發(fā)現(xiàn)媽媽點(diǎn)燃的蠟燭氣味讓她頭疼，于是萌生了制作“愛的味道”的想法。A.hope希望；B.time時(shí)間；C.idea想法；D.search搜尋。根據(jù)“whenhediscoveredhismom’sheadhurtfromthesmellofthecandlesshe____3____.”可知，亞歷杭德羅制作蠟燭想法是因?yàn)閶寢岦c(diǎn)燃的蠟燭氣味讓她頭疼。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：2019年，亞歷杭德羅發(fā)現(xiàn)媽媽點(diǎn)燃的蠟燭氣味讓她頭疼，于是萌生了制作“愛的味道”的想法。A.lit點(diǎn)燃；B.saw看見；C.held握?。籇.make制作。根據(jù)“thesmellofthecandles”可知，這里指點(diǎn)燃蠟燭散發(fā)的氣味。故選A。24題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語詞義辨析。句意：盡管媽媽非常喜歡蠟燭，但她別無選擇，只能把蠟燭扔掉。A.getaddictedto沉溺于；B.makeuseof利用；C.takeadvantageof利用；D.getridof除去；丟棄。根據(jù)“The____2____forSmellofLovecametoAlejandroin2019whenhediscoveredhismom’sheadhurtfromthesmellofthecandlesshe____3____.”可知，點(diǎn)燃蠟燭散發(fā)的氣味讓母親頭疼，所以不得不把蠟燭丟棄。故選D。【25題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：亞歷杭德羅不愿看到媽媽傷心，他開始測試健康的替代品來制作蠟燭。A.sad難過的；B.angry生氣的；C.worried擔(dān)心的；D.embarrassed尷尬的。根據(jù)“Despitelovingcandlesverymuch,shehadnochoicebutto____4____them.”可知，媽媽喜歡蠟燭，但不得不丟棄，所以很難過。故選A?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：亞歷杭德羅不愿看到媽媽傷心，他開始測試健康的替代品來制作蠟燭。A.stable穩(wěn)定的；B.healthy健康的；C.recyclable在利用；D.convenient便利的。根據(jù)“Alejandrostartedtestingalternatives”可知，亞歷杭德羅用健康的替代品來制作蠟燭。故選B?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：令他高興的是，第一款產(chǎn)品很受他媽媽的歡迎，她的頭痛消失了。A.hit打擊；很受歡迎的人(或事物)；B.bond結(jié)合；C.concern關(guān)心；D.trial試驗(yàn)。根據(jù)“andherheadachedisappeared.”可知，亞歷杭德羅的第一款產(chǎn)品受他媽媽的歡迎。故選A。【28題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在決定創(chuàng)業(yè)后，亞歷杭德羅開始為潛在的名字進(jìn)行頭腦風(fēng)暴。A.names名字；B.profits利潤；C.products產(chǎn)品；D.locations位置。根據(jù)““Yousmellcandles,andtheybringjoyandloveintoyourhome,sowhydon’twecallthem‘SmellofLoveCandles’?”hesaid.”可知，亞歷杭德羅想為自己制作的蠟燭起名字。故選A?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“這個(gè)名字真的很符合他的性格，”他媽媽說。A.age年紀(jì)；B.interest興趣；C.talent才能；D.personality個(gè)性。根據(jù)“Bringinghappinesstoothershasbeenabig____10____ineverythinghedoes.”可知，媽媽認(rèn)為“愛的味道”這個(gè)名字很符合