2023年人教版八下全冊英語重要知識(shí)點(diǎn)、筆記

Unit1Whafsthematter【應(yīng)駕馭的詞組】1-1詢問Whafsthematter怎么了？=What'thematterwithyou=What'sthetrouble=What'sthetroublewithyou=whafsup=whafsupwithyou=Isthereanythingwrong=Isthereanythingwrongwithyou=What'swrong=What'swrongwithyou=Whathashappenedtoyou1-2疾病Ihaveasorethroat/back.havea(bad)cold(重)感冒haveatoothache牙痛haveafever發(fā)燒haveasorethroat喉嚨痛，咽喉痛haveasoreback背痛haveabackachehaveaheadache頭痛haveastomachache胃痛：肚子痛(用bad表示程度“嚴(yán)峻，厲害”)havea(bad)headache頭痛得厲害Ihaveastomachache我胃痛=Ihavegotastomachache=Thereissomethingwrongwithmystomach.=Mystomachhurts.(hurtvi.感到難受：有壞處;帶來苦痛)=Ihave(got)apaininmystomach./pein/Iamsick.1-3難題Iamhungry(thirsty).Iamstressedout.Iamweak/tired.1-4感覺HowareyoufeelingnowI'mnotfeeling(very)well/fine/allright..我覺得不太舒適=ldon'tfeelverywell.=I'mfeelingill/sick.=lfeelterrible/bad.Ihopeyoufeelbettersoon.Ifeelsoreallover.allover:到處，遍及;渾身neckandneck并駕齊驅(qū)，齊頭并進(jìn)/negenek/gotobedearly早早上床睡覺someconversationpractice -些對(duì)話練習(xí)forexample例如listentomusic聽音樂gototheparty去參與晚會(huì)It's+adj.+todosth.(干某事怎么樣)；It's+adj.+(forsb.)todosth.(對(duì)某人來說干某事怎么樣)；—It'sdifficulttolearnEnglishwell.（學(xué)好英語很難）—Itseasytodoit.（做它很簡潔）—It'simportantforustokeephealthy.（對(duì)我們來說保持健康很重要。）9.afew（少數(shù)的，幾個(gè)，一些）alittle（一點(diǎn)兒，少量）表示確定few（很少的，兒乎沒有的）little（很少的，幾乎沒有的）表示否定修飾可數(shù)名詞修飾不行數(shù)名詞Thereisalittlewaterinthecup,youcandrinkit.杯子里有些水，你可以喝。Therearefewapplesinthefridge,pleasegoandbuysome.冰箱里沒有多少蘋果了，請去買些來。liedownandrest躺下休息（goto）seeadentist/（the/a）doctor（去）看牙醫(yī)/醫(yī)生drinklotsofwater多喝水lotsof=alotof+名詞復(fù)數(shù)或不行數(shù)名詞haveadrink喝?杯（酒，飲料等）inwesterncountries在西方國家hotteawithhoney加蜂蜜的熱茶表示憐憫That'stoobad太糟糕了。（或描述狀態(tài)糟糕）I'msorrytohearthat.聽到此希我很難受。16.get/take/have（a/）somerest多休息17.1havenoidea.=Idon'tknow.我不知道be/getstressedout壓抑：力倦神疲be/gettired累T。beweak虛弱ahealthylifestyle健康的生活方式traditionalChinesedoctors傳統(tǒng)中醫(yī)abalanceofyinandyang陰陽調(diào)和/平衡Youhavetoomuchyin/yang.你陰氣/陽氣太盛。toeatabalancediet飲食平衡healthyfood健康食品stayhealthy保持健康=keephealthy=keepingoodhealth=keepfit（fitadj.健康的；合適的：恰當(dāng)?shù)模粶?zhǔn)備好的）enjoyoneself（myself,yourself,herself,himself,themselves,ourselves,itself反身代詞）玩得興奮，過得開心=haveagood/wonderful/greattime=havefunenjoysth.=likesth.（名詞）寵愛某物,enjoydoingsth.寵愛做某事=likedoingsthpracticedoingsth.練習(xí)做某事,minddoingsth.介意做某事，finishdoingsth.完成某事，giveupdoingsth.放棄做某事，can'thelpdoingsth.忍不住做某事，keep（on）doingsth.堅(jiān)持做某事.../../../../DocumentsandSettings/Administrator/LocalSettings/ApplicationData/Y（xlao/DeskDict/frame/21/index.html-#接著做某事keepsb.doingsth.讓某人始終做某事（keep在這里有“使 .....處于某狀態(tài)”之意，doing的動(dòng)作不是主語來完成，而是由賓語sb.來完成的。）bebusydoingsth.忙著做某事beusedtodoingsth.習(xí)慣于做某事makeacontributiontodoingsth.為..做貢獻(xiàn)（contribution[,kantn'bjufan]../../../../DocumentsandScttings/Administrator/LocalScttings/ApplicationData/Yodao/DeskDict/frame/21/index.html-#n.貢獻(xiàn)；捐獻(xiàn)；投稿）goondoingsth.接著做某事forgetdoingsth.遺忘做某事rememberdoingsth,記得做某事spend....（in）doingsth.花（時(shí)間）來做某事preferdoingsthb.todoingsth.a比起（做sth.a...）來更情愿（做sthb...）atthemoment=now此刻Hostfamily東道家庭Conversationpractice.會(huì)話練習(xí)?！緫?yīng)駕馭的句子】A:What'sthematter你怎么了?B:Ihaveabadcold.我得了重感冒。翻譯：他怎么了？他胃痛。魏芳怎么了？她背痛。A:Maybeyoushouldseeadentist.或許你應(yīng)當(dāng)看牙醫(yī)。B:.That'sagoodidea.好辦法。Thatsoundslikeagoodidea.聽起來是個(gè)好辦法。Ithinkso我認(rèn)為如此。Youareright.你說得對(duì)。Iguessyou'reright.我認(rèn)為你說得對(duì)。翻譯：我應(yīng)當(dāng)上床睡覺。李平應(yīng)當(dāng)躺下休息。我們不應(yīng)當(dāng)上課吃東西。Whenyouaretired,youshouldn'tgooutatnight.疲乏時(shí)，晚上你不該外出。翻譯：他小的時(shí)候就知道應(yīng)當(dāng)努力學(xué)習(xí)。他5歲就上學(xué)了。我們進(jìn)教室時(shí)，老師己經(jīng)起先講課了。3-1Should用法：should+動(dòng)詞原形，"應(yīng)當(dāng)”shouldn't+動(dòng)詞原形，“不應(yīng)當(dāng)”1） 表示義務(wù)或責(zé)任；“應(yīng)當(dāng)"Weshouldlearnfromeachother.我們應(yīng)當(dāng)相互學(xué)習(xí)。Weshouldhelptheaged.我們應(yīng)當(dāng)幫助老人。2） 表示建議或勸說；“應(yīng)當(dāng)"Youshould/You'dbettergiveupsmoking.你應(yīng)當(dāng)（/最好）戒煙。Youshouldn't/You'dbetternotgoandaskyourteacher.你不應(yīng)當(dāng)去（你最好別去）問老師。WhatshouldIdo我該怎么辦？Whatshouldn'tIdo我不該做什么？Whatshouldyoudo你該怎么辦？Whatshouldn'tyoudo你不該做什么？【注】有時(shí)語氣較強(qiáng)，含有吩咐的意味：Youshouldleaveatonce.你應(yīng)當(dāng)立刻離開。3-2hadbetter用法：表示對(duì)別人的勸說、建議：（常簡略為'dbetter,是一固定詞組）hadbetter+動(dòng)詞原形，"最好”hadbetternot+動(dòng)詞原形，"最好不”Maybeyou'dbetterdrinksomewater.或許你最好喝些水。You,dbetternoteatmorecookies.你最好別在吃餅干了。3-3兒個(gè)表示建議詞詞組的比較“勸說、建議”語氣由委婉到劇烈：（Maybe）Youhadbettertakeexercise.Youhadbetternoteatjunkfood.（Maybe）Youshouldtakeexercise.Youshouldnoteatjunkfood.Youmusttakeexercise. Youmustnoteatjunkfood.Takeexercise.Don'teatjunkfood.TraditionalChinesedoctorsbelieveweneedabalanceofyinandyangtobehealthy.傳統(tǒng)中醫(yī)認(rèn)為我們須要陰陽調(diào)和以保持身體健康。翻譯：老師認(rèn)為我們應(yīng)當(dāng)努力學(xué)習(xí)以取得好成果。我信任每天晚上睡眠8個(gè)小時(shí)很重要。EatingDangshenandHuangqiherbsisalsogoodforthis.吃黨參和黃英等草本植物也對(duì)這有好處。翻譯：吃一些蔬菜和水果對(duì)你的健康有好處?？措娨曁鄬?duì)你的眼睛有害。Peoplewhoaretoostressedoutandangrymayhavetoomuchyang.太驚慌易怒的人或許吃了太多的陽性食物。、1） much*?很多”（+不行數(shù)名詞）（僅說明量多）toomuch"太多"（+不行數(shù)名詞）（有過分之意）many“很多”（+可數(shù)名詞）（僅說明數(shù)量多）toomanyH太多”（+可數(shù)名詞）（有過分之意）eat（too）muchjunkfoodwatch（too）muchTV（too）manyapples2） too“太”（+形容詞）（強(qiáng)調(diào)程度，有過分之意）toomuch“太過于”（+形容詞）（程度有過分之意）（too）muchyang.It'seasytohaveahealthylifestyle,andit'simportanttoeatabalanceddiet.有一個(gè)健康的生活方式很簡潔，飲食平衡是很重要的。翻譯：學(xué)好英語不是很簡潔的。上課留意聽講是必要的。完成作業(yè)也很重要。Ibelievehim,butIcan'tbelieveinhim.他的話是真的，但是我不信任他這個(gè)人。believe和believein的區(qū)分用法“believe”表示“信任（是真實(shí)的）”（對(duì)事）“believein”表示“信任（是誠懇的）,信任”（對(duì)人）Doyoubelievewhathesaid你信任他說的話嗎？Idon'tbelievehe'sonly25.我不信任他才25歲。Iamnotfeelingverywellatthemoment.這段時(shí)間我感覺不大好。I'mtiredandIhavealotofheadaches.我很疲憊，而且常常頭痛。I'mstressedoutbecausemyMandarinisn'timproving.我很簡潔驚慌，因?yàn)橐话阍挍]有進(jìn)步。Ipracticeplayingthepianoeveryday.我每天練習(xí)彈鋼琴。翻譯：他每天練習(xí)踢足球。我們應(yīng)當(dāng)每天練習(xí)說英語。ShehadfinishedwritingtheletterwhenIwentin.我進(jìn)去時(shí)，她己經(jīng)寫完信了。翻譯：他踢完足球去游泳了。我洗完餐具后去商店了。Thedoctoraskedhimtogiveupsmoking.醫(yī)生叫他戒煙。翻譯：不要放棄學(xué)英語。Doyoumindclosingthewindow請把窗戶關(guān)上好嗎？Wouldyoumindclosingthewindow翻譯：在這里吸煙你介意嗎？Marycouldn'thelplaughingathisjokes.對(duì)丁?他的玩笑，瑪莉忍不住笑了。翻譯：聽到這個(gè)消息，我忍不住哭了起來。Theykeptworkingthoughitwasraining.盡管天在下雨，他們?nèi)詧?jiān)持工作。翻譯：我們應(yīng)當(dāng)堅(jiān)持學(xué)英語。Ihopeyoufeelbettersoon.我希望你很快好起來。翻譯：我希望他明天能來。Unit2I'llhelptocleanupthecityparksI短語或詞組1.Clean-UpDay清潔日3.helpoutwithsth.幫助解決困難5.carefor關(guān)切;照看7.attheageof在 歲時(shí)9.cheerup（使）變得更興奮;激昂2.anoldpeople'shome養(yǎng)老院4.usedto曾經(jīng) ；過去一6.thelookofjoy歡樂的表情8.cleanup打掃（或淸除）干凈10.giveout分發(fā);散發(fā)comeupwith=thinkof=findout=thinkup=have...想出;提出makeaplan制訂安排13.makesomenotices做些公告牌 14.tryout試用;試行15.workfor為...工作;為....效力17.handout分發(fā);散發(fā);發(fā)給19.putoff推遲涎遲21.raisemoney籌錢;捐獻(xiàn)23.giveaway贈(zèng)送;捐贈(zèng)16.putup=putsth.onthewall建立;舉起漲貼18.callup打電話;召集20.forexample比如;例如22.takeafter與......相像;像24.fixup=repairsth.修理;修補(bǔ);解決besimilartosb=takeaftersb.=looklikesb.與 相像setup建立;設(shè)立 27.disabledpeople殘疾人28.makeadifference影響;有作用29.beableto能夠30.after-schoolreadingprogram課外閱讀項(xiàng)目lookafter=takecareof=carefor照料，照看workoutfine結(jié)局很好 34.atonce=rightaway立即，立刻35.workoutside在外工作 36.helphomelesspeople幫助無家可歸的人37.atafoodbank在食物儲(chǔ)蓄站 38.putsth.tous把...投入運(yùn)用giveawaysth.tosb.=donatesth.tosb.贈(zèng)送某人某物useupsth.=runoutof=don'thaveanymoresth.用完，用完sb.spendtime（in）doingsth.=Ittakessb.+st.+todosth.花時(shí)間做某事behungry饑餓的dieofhunger死于饑餓43.less（后綴表否定）-ful（表確定）homeless無家可歸的 nameless匿名的careless馬虎的careful細(xì)心的44.attheprimaryschool在小學(xué)45.helpsick/lonely/disabled/blind/deafpeople46.VolunteerDay志愿日47.volunteertodosth.志愿做某事48.makeitpossible使....成為可能 49.answerthetelephone接電話50.afriendofmine-oneofmyfriends51.feellucky/goodluck52.bestwishesforsb.with/tosth.H、 用法集萃needtodosth,須要做某事makeplanstodosth.制訂安排做某事asksb.（not）todosth.要求某人（不要）做usedtodosth.過去常常做某事giveup+時(shí)間+todosth.放棄時(shí)間去做某事getafeelingof...有 感覺decidetodosth.確定做某事helpsb.（to）dosth.幫助某人做某事makeadifferenceto對(duì) 產(chǎn)生影響makeitpossibleforsb.todosth.使得做某事對(duì)m、重點(diǎn)句型Theboycouldgiveoutfoodatthefoodbank.這個(gè)男孩可以在食品救濟(jì)站分發(fā)食物。Clean-UpDayisonlytwoweeksfromnow.淸潔日離現(xiàn)在僅僅兩周的時(shí)間。HevolunteersatananimalhospitaleverySaturdaymorning每周六上午，他都在一'家動(dòng)物醫(yī)院當(dāng)志愿者。Lastyear,shedecidedtotryoutforavolunteerafter-schoolreadingprogram.去年，她確定去參與一個(gè)課外閱讀項(xiàng)目的志愿者的選拔。...youcanseeintheireyesthatthey'regoingonadifferentjourneywitheachnewbook.. ....從他們的眼睛里你可以看到他們正在進(jìn)行每本不同的新書之旅。Iwanttoputoffmyplantoworkinananimalhospitaluntilnextsummer.我想把我在動(dòng)物醫(yī)院工作的安排推遲到明年夏天。Mostpeopletodayareonlyworriedaboutgettinggoodjobstomakelotsofmoney.現(xiàn)在的大部分人只是為找一份能掙很多錢的好工作而焦急。YouhelpedtomakeitpossibleformetohaveLucky.在你的幫助下，我才有可能擁有“幸運(yùn)兒”。IV、學(xué)問點(diǎn)sick生病的，有病的；可在句中作表語Marycouldnotcomebecausesheissick.Hi可作定語asickchild【區(qū)分ill]ill與sick同義；但是只在句中做表語，不做定語。Marycouldnotcomebecausesheisill.alone【形容詞】獨(dú)自一人的，無感情色調(diào)：lonely（感到）孤獨(dú)孤獨(dú)的，帶有很強(qiáng)的感情色調(diào)，可做表語或定語。Eg:Themusicianenjoyedlivingaloneandwritingsongshimself.Thelonelyboyisnotlonelynow.such**這樣的，這種，如此”，用于修飾名詞such+a/an+形容詞+單數(shù)名詞：such+形容詞+復(fù)數(shù)名詞/不行數(shù)名詞：so+形容詞/副詞+many,much,few,little+that.(so+形容詞/副詞+a/an+名詞+that...)假如名詞前被many,much,few,little修飾時(shí)，只能用so,而不用such：somanysickchildren/solittletimetryoutfor...參與選拔，tryout試用，試驗(yàn)爭取成為ThirtyfootballplayerstriedoutfortheBestPlayeroftheyear.journey【名詞】(尤指長途)旅行，行程：trip(名詞】多指短途旅行；travel【名詞、動(dòng)詞】travelaroundtheworld—?【名詞】traveler旅行者raisemoney集資，籌錢;raisemoneyfor...為籌錢raise【動(dòng)詞】舉起：提髙；募集keep【動(dòng)詞】keep+名詞，保留(某物)；keep+形容詞，保持【形容詞】broken破損的，出毛病的；blind瞎的，失明的；deaf聾的；disabled有殘疾的，丟失實(shí)力的在句中做定語和表語：makeitpossible(forsb.)todosth.使(某人)做某事成為可能，makeit+形容詞(+forsb.)todosth.使(某人)做某事成為；think/findit+形容詞todosth.YouhelpedtomakeitpossibleformetohaveLucky.makeadifferenceto...對(duì)有影響；對(duì)有作用，difference前可以用no,any,some,much等修飾，如：Therainmadenodifferencetothegame.Hard-workingmakesmuchdifferencetostudy.order［名詞】吩咐，指示；依次，次序【動(dòng)詞】訂購；點(diǎn)(菜)。change【動(dòng)詞】變更，變更It'shardforapersontochangehislife(style).【名詞】變更：零錢changeAforB用A換成B：WhenyoutravelinChina,remembertochangeUSdollarsforRMB.repair【動(dòng)詞】修理，修補(bǔ)；fix［動(dòng)詞】安裝；使固定［fixup修理=repair］作主語一為避開句子的頭重腳輕，常用it作為形式主語，而真正的主語動(dòng)詞不定式后置。常用句型：It+be+adj./n.+(for/ofsb.)todosth./lttakessb.sometimetodosth.作賓語 動(dòng)詞want,decide,hope,ask,agree,choose,learn,plan,need,teach,prepare...常接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語。作(后置)定語一常用于“have/has+sth.+todo"或"enough+名+todo""lt'stimetodosth.”等結(jié)構(gòu)中。作賓語補(bǔ)足語 tell,ask,want,invite,teach,like,call等可接帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語,構(gòu)成tell/ask/want/call/invitesb.todosth.結(jié)構(gòu)。【留意】動(dòng)詞不定式作使役動(dòng)詞和感官動(dòng)詞的賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)應(yīng)省去t。：“一感(feel),zziyf(listento,hear),三讓(let,make,have,,四看(lookat,see,watch,notice).半幫助(help)"。動(dòng)詞不定式作狀語:主要用來修飾動(dòng)詞，表示目的，結(jié)果或緣由。為了強(qiáng)調(diào)目的，有時(shí)可以把動(dòng)詞不定式放在句首,或在不定式前加inorder(to)或soas(to)"為了,目的是"。常用結(jié)構(gòu)有too+adj./adv.+todosth.等。固定句式中動(dòng)詞不定式的用法常見的有:hadbetter(not)dosth./Wouldyouliketodosth./Whynotdosth./Wouldyouplease(not)dosth.等。

Unit3Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom

SectionAPeter,couldyoupleasetakeoutthetrash彼得，你能把垃圾倒了嗎？【解析1】Couldvoupleasedosth請你（做） 好嗎？用于提出懇求，希望得到對(duì)方的確定回答，說話的語氣比較客氣委婉。Could不是can的過去式，是委婉、禮貌的說法?；卮鹩胏an.【常用答語】確定回答：Sure./Ofcourse./Certainlv./NoDroblem.否定回答*Sorry.Ican't【解析2】takeout取出（v+adv）【注】：礙代詞做賓語，代詞放中間；跟名詞做賓語，可放在中間，也可放在后邊【短語】takeoutthetrash倒垃圾takeawalk漫步takeawav拿走，取走 takeback收回 takeplace發(fā)生takeoff脫下：起飛Thegiftisinthebox.Youcantakejtout.Canyoudothedishes.2那你可以洗盤子嗎？dothedishes洗碗【結(jié)構(gòu)1】dothe+名詞： dothedishes/laundry洗餐具/衣服【結(jié)構(gòu)2}dothe+動(dòng)詞?ing dothecleaning打掃衛(wèi)生【結(jié)構(gòu)3]doone's+名詞doone'shousework/homework做家務(wù)/家庭作業(yè)【結(jié)構(gòu)4]dosome+動(dòng)詞-ingdosomereading/shopping讀寫書/購物CouldIatleastfinishwatchingthisshow至少讓我看完這個(gè)節(jié)目可以嗎？【解析1】CouldIdoasth我可以做 .....嗎？用于表達(dá)懇求，語氣比較委婉。CouldIgooutwithmyclassmatethisweekend【解析2】atleast至少，多指數(shù)量或程度上的最低限度。（反）atmost至少，不超過【解析3】finishv結(jié)束；完成finishdoinasth做完某事4.1thinktwohoursofTVisenoughforyou!我覺得你看兩個(gè)小時(shí)的電視巳經(jīng)足夠了?！窘馕?】twohoursofTV表示時(shí)間、距離、金額、度量等詞語作主語時(shí)，通常被視作整體，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。 Howtimeisflies!Threeyears （be）reallyashorttime. 足夠的，充分的（在句中作作形容詞 【解析2】enouqhIdon'thaveenouqhmoneywithme.\足夠;頂分飛放查形窘詞九作副詞Ineriverisdeepenoughforswimming.【記】Mr.Smithhasenoughmoney,butheisn'tkindenoughtohelpothers.【留意】enough修飾名詞時(shí)，置于名詞前；修飾形容詞時(shí)，置于形容詞之后。5.Couldyoutakeouttherubbish,foldtheclothesanddothedishestake的用法：你能把垃圾倒了.把衣服疊好，再把碗洗了嗎？【解析】takeouttake的用法：拿；取Pleasetakesomebookstotheclassroom.喝："”用Takethismedicinethreetimesaday.乘（車；船等）

Theyusuallytakethebustowork.花費(fèi)（時(shí)間；金錢）kesmetwohourstodomyhomeworkeveryday.【拓展】take構(gòu)成的短語：takeawalk去漫步takearest休息takecareof照看takeoff脫下；起飛takeup占據(jù)takedown拿下takeone'stime不急：漸漸來takeone'stemperature量體溫6.TheminuteIsatdowninfrontoftheTV,mymomcameover.我剛坐在電視機(jī)前面,我媽媽就過來了。就 ”Pleasewritetometheminuteyougetthere.【解析1】就 ”Pleasewritetometheminuteyougetthere.【解析2】infrontof指在物體外部.hereisabikeinfrontoftheclassroom.【辨析】指在【記】Thedriversatinthefrontofteacherisstandinginthefrontoftheclassroom

thecar.Thepolicemanstoodhereisabikeinfrontoftheclassroom.【辨析】指在【記】Thedriversatinthefrontofteacherisstandinginthefrontoftheclassroom

thecar.Thepolicemanstoodthecar.【留意】有the無the區(qū)分大:ttable吃飯；進(jìn)餐thetabel在桌邊—inhospital住院【解析3】【解析3】comeover過來【拓展】come短語：comeacross（偶然）發(fā)覺cometrue實(shí)現(xiàn)comein/into進(jìn)來comeback回來comeupwith想出

comedown下來 comefrom=befrom來自,誕生于comeon趕快，加油 comealong走吧，過來，快點(diǎn)comeandgo來來去去comeup上來comeout出來，（花）開，（照片）沖洗出來YouwatchTVallthetimeandneverhelpoutaroundthehouse!你總是看電視，從不flf忙做家務(wù)！I解析】allthetime=always始終；總是【拓展】與time相關(guān)的短語：ontime按時(shí)intime剛好 atthesametime同時(shí)formtimetotime間或thefirsttime第一次attimes有時(shí)timeandtimeagain一再；常常lasttime上次nexttime下次Pmjustastiredasyouare!我和你一樣累！【解析】as...as...和 一樣 【注】比較級(jí)倍數(shù)表達(dá)句型為：倍數(shù)+as+形容詞、副詞原級(jí)+as+比較對(duì)象【解析】考査主謂一樣和動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。題干主語中心詞為介詞短語aswellas之前的musician,故謂語運(yùn)用單

數(shù)Foroneweek,shedidnotdoanyhouseworkandneitherdidL一周的時(shí)間，她不做任何家務(wù)，我也不做?！窘馕觥縩either+助動(dòng)詞/系動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語“某人(主語)也不”(1)neither兩者都不neither...nor...既不...也不.…連接兩個(gè)詞做主語，謂語動(dòng)詞由后一個(gè)主語確定NeitherTomnorJimisastudent(2)表達(dá)"…也不 ”則用“Naithar/Ncr+be/V助/V情*主”Thenextday,mymomcamehomefromworkt。findthehousecleanandtidv.其次天，媽媽下班回到家后發(fā)覺房間很干凈、整齊?！窘馕觥縡ind+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語【注】find—>found—>foundv找尋(1)findsb.doinQsth發(fā)覺某人做某事(2)findit土adj.+todosth發(fā)覺做某事很 .....?finditdifficult/hardtodosth發(fā)覺做某事很困難Sheaskedin 她驚訝地問道?！窘馕觥縤nsurprise驚異地；驚訝地surprisev使驚訝>surprisinqadj.令人驚訝的^surprisedadj.驚訝的toone'ssurprise使某人驚訝的是insurprise驚訝地besurprisedat對(duì) 感到驚訝“I'mdosorry,Mom.Ifinishunderstandthatweneedtosharethehouseworktohaveacleanandcomfortablehome."Ireplied.“對(duì)不起，媽媽。我最終理解為了擁有一個(gè)干凈、舒適的家我們須要共同來分擔(dān)家務(wù)?！蔽一卮鹫f?！窘馕?】needv須要用于確定句，是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞。⑴人做主語，sb.needtodosth某人須要做某事(2)物做主語，sthneeddoinasth=sthneedtobedone用于否定句或疑問句，是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞needn't=don'thaveto沒有必要need,must引導(dǎo)的一般疑問句，確定會(huì)的用must,否定回答用needn't—MustIgotherenow—Yes,youmust/No,youneedn'tsharesth共享或共用某物sharesthwithsb.與某人共享某物CouldIhangoutwithmyfriendsafterthemovie看完電影后我能和摯友們一起閑逛嗎？【解析】hanaout閑逛hanaup把 懸掛/掛起CouldyouDleasepassmethesa〃你能把鹽遞給我嗎？【解析】pass(l)v給；遞；走過；通過passsb.sth把某物遞給某人Passon傳遞Pleasepassthepaperontotheotherstudents.(2)v通過；路過Ipassvourhome.(3)v通過(考試)；及格Tomcanpasshismathexam.CouldIborrowthatbook我能借下你那本書看嗎Couldyoulendmesomemoney你能借我一些錢嗎？【解析】borrow/lend/keep⑴borrow⑴borrow借入，與from連用，尤指主語“【來"】borrowsthfromsb.從某人那里借某物Youcanborrowthebookfromthelibrary.(2)lend借出，與to搭配【指借出去】lendsbsth=lendsthtosb把某物借給某人Hedoesn'twanttolendhisbooktoothers.(3)keep保留，保存(持續(xù)動(dòng)詞，可以與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用)【指借一段時(shí)間】【記】Iwantto abikefrommyfriendbuthedidn't ittome,BecauseTomhad itfortwodays.cutmyfingerandPmtrvinanottoaetitwet.我的手指割傷了，傷口不能弄濕?！窘馕觥縯ry(not)todosth努力(不)做某事。trvv試圖，設(shè)法，努力【拓展】(1)trvon試穿(2)trvtodosth努力做某事【側(cè)重盡力做】 (3)trvdoinasth試圖做某事【側(cè)重嘗試做】(4)tryone'sbesttodosth=doone'sbesttodosth盡某人最大努力做某事hatetodochores.我厭煩做家務(wù)。【解析】hatetod。sth厭煩做某事，表示某次詳細(xì)行為或動(dòng)作。Ihatetotroublehim.hatedoingsth不情愿做某事表示常?；蛄?xí)慣性行為或動(dòng)作。Shehatessmokinginherroom.18.CouldIaskyoutohelpwithsomechoresthen那我能懇求你帯我做些雜活嗎？【解析】asksb.todosth要求某人做某事。askfor懇求，要某物asksb.aboutsth向某人詢問關(guān)于某事(1)asksb.forhelp向某人懇求常助 (2)asksb.(not)todosth懇求某人做某事msk構(gòu)成的短語:短語含義asksb.todosth請某人做某事asksb.nottodosth不讓某人做某事asksbforsth向某人要某物askforhelp尋求希助19.111finishmyhomeworkwhileyouhelpmewiththedishes.當(dāng)你帶我洗盤子的時(shí)候，我將完成我的家庭作業(yè)?！窘馕?】finishdoinasth完成某事【解析2】whileconj.“在 .....期間；當(dāng) .....的時(shí)候”While引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞只能是持續(xù)動(dòng)詞。【解析3】helpsb.withsth.在某事上希助某人。［注］help，希助—>helpfuladi.有希助的helpsb.dosth.=helpsb.withsth.布助某人做某事withthehelpofsb.=withone'shelp在某人的布助之下withoutthehelpof沒有在...的希助之下Unit3Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom課文重難點(diǎn)講解SectionB1-CouldIinvitemvfriendstoaparty我能邀請我的摯友們來聚會(huì)嗎？【解析】invitesb.toSp.邀請某人去某地【解析】invitev—?invitationn邀請(1)invitesb.todosth邀請某人做某事(2)invitesb.to+地點(diǎn)邀請某人去某地Youshouldrefusehis (invite).Heisreallyfriendly. invitedhim (join)ustopracticespeakingEnglish. @Heinvitedalotoffriends (come)tohisbirthdayparty. 2.No,youcan'thaveaparty.不，你不能舉辦聚會(huì)?！窘馕觥縞arTt不能：不會(huì)3.1don'tunderstandwhysomeparentsmaketheirkidshelpwithhouseworkandchoresathome.我不理解為什么有些父母在家讓孩子們希忙做家務(wù)和雜務(wù)?！窘馕觥縨akesb.d。sth讓某人做某事make一made一madev.做，制作，使得⑴makesb/sth+形容詞"讓某人或某物makevouhappv⑵makesb/sthd。sth使某人做某事 makemelauah.(make短語】:makesure確信 makeadialogue編對(duì)話makeamistake犯錯(cuò)誤(bymistake由于疏忽)makeanoise吵鬧 makefaces做鬼臉makefriends(with)和..交摯友 makeroomfor給..讓地方maketea沏茶makemoney賺錢makeadecision作出確定makethebed整理床鋪makealiving謀生makefunof=laughat取笑Theydon't醇妃timetoshJdyanddohousework,too他們也沒有時(shí)間來學(xué)習(xí)家務(wù)和做家務(wù)?！窘馕觥縣avetimetodosth.有時(shí)間做某事havetime=befree有空Houseworkisawasteoftheirtime.做家務(wù)是在奢侈他們的時(shí)間?！窘馕觥縜wasteof奢侈awasteoftime奢侈時(shí)間awasteofmoney奢侈金錢wastev"奢侈"wastetime/monevonsthwastetime/monev(in)doinasth在做某事上花費(fèi)時(shí)間/金錢Theyshouldtheirtimeor?schoolworkinordertoaetgoodgradesandaetintoagooduniversity.為了取得好成果并考上一所好高校，他們應(yīng)當(dāng)把時(shí)間用在學(xué)習(xí)上?！窘馕?】spend...onsth在某事上花費(fèi) spend/Dav/cost/tak?；ㄙM(fèi)(1)spend一spent—spentv花費(fèi)，主語是人?sb.+spend+時(shí)間/錢+onsth?sb.+spend+時(shí)間/錢+(in)doinasth?spendon=pavfor支付Hespendstoomuchtimeonthecomputeraames.⑵pay一paid一paidv支付，主語是人?sb.+pav+錢+forsth IDav10yuanforthebook.⑶cost—>cost—costv花費(fèi)，主語是某物或某事?sthcostsb.+錢某物花費(fèi)某人多少錢Anewcomputercostsmealotofmonev.(4)take—?took一takenv花費(fèi)?Ittakes/tooksb.sometimetodosth.做某事花費(fèi)某人多長時(shí)間Ittakeshim3hourstodohishomework.【解析2】inorderto“目的是；為了”后接動(dòng)詞原形。inordertodosth為了做某事【解析3】aetinto=enter進(jìn)入［拓展】與aet相關(guān)的短語：getup起床setback返回aetover克服aetdressed穿衣aetinto進(jìn)入aet/belost丟失aetoff/on下/上車aetonwellwithsb.與某人相處得好aetoutof從...出來aetwarm變曖aetreadvfor+n.為...做準(zhǔn)備 aetreadvtodosth.準(zhǔn)備做某事aetwell康復(fù)aetachance有機(jī)會(huì)、得到機(jī)會(huì)aet/aotosleep(fallasleep)入睡相關(guān)：(beasleep睡著)7.Also,whentheygetolder,theywillhavetodohousrworksothere'snoneedforthemtodoitnow.而且，當(dāng)他們長大的時(shí)候，他們也將會(huì)做家務(wù)，因此，他們沒必要現(xiàn)在在做。【解析】aetolder長大aet/become/ao辨析：（1:qet+adi較多地與形容詞比較級(jí)連用。Thedaysaregettinglongerandlonger.（2）become強(qiáng)調(diào)變更的結(jié)果lt，sbecomingcolderandcolder.⑶Qo+adi."表示令人不快的事情qobad變壞，qoblind變瞎，qohunarv挨餓8.Itistheparents*jobtoprovideacleanandcomfortableenvironmentathometortheirchildren,在家為孩子們供應(yīng)一個(gè)干凈、舒適的環(huán)境是父母的義務(wù)?！窘馕觥縫rovidesth.forsb.為某人供應(yīng)某物providev供應(yīng)providesb.withsth,（sb前介詞用for）=providesthforsb.（sth前需加介詞with）供應(yīng)某人某物相當(dāng)于：offersb.sth.=offersthtovide為應(yīng)急等做好準(zhǔn)備而“供應(yīng)；供應(yīng)“providesb.withsth.=providesthforsb.供應(yīng)某人某物offer側(cè)重表示“情愿賜予” offersb.sth.=offersthtosb.對(duì)某人供應(yīng)某物offertodosth主動(dòng)提出干某事supply定期“供應(yīng)”，強(qiáng)調(diào)替代或補(bǔ)充所需物品Supplysb.withsth=supplysth.tosb.為某人供應(yīng)某物9.And而/wav,Ithinkdoingchoresisnotsodifficult.無論如何，我認(rèn)為做家務(wù)并不則難?！窘馕觥縜nyway無論如何，（一般放在句首，用逗號(hào)和句子隔開）10.1thinkitisimportantforchildrentolearnhowtodochoresandhelptheirparentswithhousework.我認(rèn)為對(duì)孩子們來說，學(xué)習(xí)如何做雜務(wù)并希助他們的父母做家務(wù)是很重要的?！窘馕觥縄tisimportantforsb.todosth.對(duì)某人來說做某事是重要的Childrenthesedaysdependontheirparentstoomuch.現(xiàn)在的孩子太依靠他們的父母?！窘馕觥縟ependon依靠：信任...Everyoneshoulddotheirpartinkeepingitcleanandtidy.每個(gè)人都有責(zé)任保持家里的干凈和整齊?！窘馕?】d。one、part盡職責(zé)【盡本分Doone'spartindoingsth在做某事上盡職責(zé)【解析2】keep+sth/sb.+ad]."使 .....處于某種狀態(tài)”keep系動(dòng)詞“保持”keep+adj.Wemustkeephealthy.實(shí)義動(dòng)詞“保持；接著”⑴keep（on）doinasth接著做某事Hewasingreatpainbuthekeptonworking（2）keepsb.Doingsth讓某人始終做某事l*msorrytohavekeptyouwaitingforsolong.Doingchoreshelpstodevelopchildren'sindependenceandteachesthemhowtolookafterthemselves.做雜務(wù)不僅可以培育孩子們的獨(dú)立性還可以教他們?nèi)绾握湛醋约骸！窘馕觥縟evelopindependence培育獨(dú)立意識(shí)develop—developmentn發(fā)展—developingadj.發(fā)展的—developedadj.發(fā)達(dá)的adevelopingcountry一個(gè)發(fā)展中國家adevelopedcountry一個(gè)發(fā)達(dá)國家Sincetheyliveinonehousewiththeirparents,theyshouldknowthateveryoneshoulddotheirpartinkeepingitcleanandtidy.既然他們和父母同住在一個(gè)房子里，他們應(yīng)當(dāng)知道保持家里干凈、整齊每個(gè)人都應(yīng)當(dāng)參與?！窘馕觥縮inceconi.既然（表示對(duì)方已知的事實(shí)或理由，常放在句首）Ourneighbor'ssongotintoagoodcollegebutduringhisfirstyear,hehadnideahowtotakecare坦himself.我們鄰居的兒子上一所好高校,但是在第一年的時(shí)候，他還不知道如何照看自己?！窘馕觥縯akecareof照看【拓展】與take相關(guān)的短語：takephotos/pictures照像takeawav拿走takeout取出（workout算出） takecare當(dāng)心takemedicine職藥takeDlace獲生takeone'stemperature畳體溫takeone'stime別焦急 takeawalk漫步Asaresult,heoftenfellillandhisgradesdropped.結(jié)果，他常常生病，功課也落下了?！窘馕?】asaresult結(jié)果（插入語，放在句首，用逗號(hào)隔開）【解析2】fallill生病fallasleep入睡Theearlierkidslearntobeindependent,thebetteritisfortheirfuture.孩子們越早學(xué)會(huì)獨(dú)立，對(duì)他們的將來越好?！窘馕觥縯he+比較級(jí)，the+比較級(jí) “越......越 .....”Unit4Whydon'tyoutalktoyourparentsLanguagepoints1）allowv.允許；準(zhǔn)許allowdoingsth允許做某事e.g.Wedon'tallowsmokinginourhouse.我們不允許在家里抽煙。眥我斂.....（mtUQ.亜斂..（丕1允注某A做某裹.（在中衣單選正常.考＞?e.g.Myparentsdon'tallowmetostayuplate.我父母不允許我熬夜。Mr.SmithallowedMiketodrivethere.史密斯先生允許邁克開車去那里。2） bigdeal,dealbigdeal表示“重要的事情或狀況"，多用于非正式溝通。作否定時(shí)，常說It'snotabigdeal或It'snobigdeal,沒有什么了不得。e.g.There'sasoccergameonTVthiseveningbutIdon'thavetowatchit.It'snobigdeal.今日晚上電視上有-?場足球賽，但我不確定要看。It'sabigdeal,David,biggerthanyouknow.這事挺重要的，戴維，比你所知道的要重要。What'sthebigdealIt'sonlyabirthday,nottheendoftheworld.有什么了不得的？這不過是個(gè)生日，又不是世界某日。3） workoutworkout解決（問題）；算出e.g.Mikeworkedoutthedifficultproblembyhimself.邁克自己算出了那道難題。Isitpossibletoworkouttheproblem有可能解決這個(gè)問題嗎？.題QlK伽..為.?.做.虱..為盡力?，…被?虞傭者.MQkQUL可以解?決.，…設(shè)辻.出”…篡出2…辻篡出?，…消耗完擠出去4)argue爭吵】爭論e.g.Thecouplebegantoargueaboutthechild'seducation.arguefor為……辯護(hù)Thelawyerarguesforthepoorman.arguesbwith/oversth與 爭論Dowhatyouaretoldanddon'targuewithme!argueagainst爭論……Hearguedfiercelyagainsttheplanoftaxcute..properadj.正確的；恰當(dāng)?shù)膃.g.It'snotpropertovisitafriendtoolateintheevening.太晚了，去看摯友不合適。.nervousadj.焦慮的；擔(dān)憂的e.g.Don'tbenervous.Itisjustasmalltest.沒關(guān)系張。就是個(gè)小測試而己。.MyproblemisthatIcan'tgetonwithmyfamily...get.onwith.^n諧相處；關(guān)系良好相當(dāng)于getalong.withe.g.Thechilddoesn'tgetonwellwithothers.那個(gè)小孩不合群。Insteadhewatcheswhateverhewantsuntillateatnight.insteadaW.代替；反而；卻e.g.Ifwecan'tgotoHuashanMountain,wellgotothecityofXi'anforthetrip.假如我們不能去爬華山，我們就去西安游玩。辨析：?響ead懸副迅…賞置壬包壬.末島...組皿一是介刊短設(shè)，…后接名-詞二,代詞丄.動(dòng)一名詞笠。例如：LastsummerIwenttoQingdao.ThissummerI'mgoingtoDalianinstead.去年夏天我去了青島。今年夏天我要去大連。InsteadofgoingtoQingdaoI'mgoingtoDalianthisyear.今年我準(zhǔn)備去大連，而不去青島。whateverpen.任何：無論什么相當(dāng)于nomatterwhate.g.WhateverIsuggest,healwaysdisagrees.無論我提什么建議，他都不同意。whatever可用作連接代詞或連接副詞，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，表示“無論，不管”的意思“此時(shí)，可用nomatterwhat結(jié)構(gòu)來替換其意完全相同。位置前后置都可。whatever還可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，同時(shí)起先行詞和關(guān)系代詞的作用。相當(dāng)于anythingthat或allthat.有任何一切這類意思。此時(shí)不能用nomatterwhat替換。留意“n。matter*疑問河，結(jié)構(gòu)與“疑問詞+ever”在用法上的區(qū)分1.“nomatter*疑問詞”結(jié)構(gòu)只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，這時(shí)可以和“疑問詞+ever"互換。如：Nomatterwherehemaybe<=Whereverhemaybe),hewillbehappy.留意從句的時(shí)態(tài)由nomatterwhat/who/where/when...引導(dǎo)的從句往往用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般過去時(shí)Nomatterwhoyouare,youmustobeytherules.無論你是誰，都應(yīng)當(dāng)遵守規(guī)則。.Ifyourparentsarehavingproblems,youshouldoffertohelp.offerv.主動(dòng)提出：自愿賜予offer側(cè)重主動(dòng)或情愿賜予，主動(dòng)提出做某事。結(jié)構(gòu)：offersb..sth....或.QtteUQVQ.fttl：e.g.Sheofferedmeacupoftea.她給我端了杯茶。Heofferedtogoinsteadofme.他主動(dòng)提出代替我去。.Secondly,whydon'tyousitdownandcommunicatewithyourbrothercommunicatev.溝通；溝通communicate.with ...與.某人溝.通e.g.LiMeicaneasilycommunicatewithforeignersinEnglish.李梅能用英語與外國人輕松溝通。.Canyouexplaintomehowtodothismathproblemexplainv.說明；說明explanationn.explain+that/what/why等從句explainsth.(tosb.)(向某人)說明某事e.g.Canyouexplainwhatthismeans你能說明一下這個(gè)的意思嗎？Pleaseexplainittome.請你向我說明一下吧。elder/older這兩個(gè)詞均是old的比較級(jí)。在用法上有所區(qū)分。elder表意前一輩的，…'全紀(jì)較炊的1，…僅用壬同一二家庭成員的一比揀.&擔(dān)威則不眼士此丄如Myyoungersonisfiveandmyeldersonisnine。我的小兒子5歲,大兒子9歲。TomistwoyearsolderthanI.湯姆比我年長兩歲?！苍隰~蟲只用作定語l丕作.表i缶一一。!4。!■.西置-豎可丄.例如：Myeldersisterdoesherhomeworkallbyherself.我的姐姐獨(dú)自做作業(yè)。Hiseldersongotmarriedlastweek.他的長子是上星期結(jié)婚的。Ithinkhismotherisolder.我認(rèn)為他的母親年齡大引起。e!Ce〔只能用來指人;...Ql瘋.既可修飩?cè)?，...也可修飾物?...例如：Myelderbrotherjoinedthearmywhenhewasonlyfifteen.我哥年僅15就參了軍。Thisdogisolderthananyotherdogshere.這條狗在這里是最老的?條。Ihaveasisterolderthanmyself.我有位比我大的姐姐。ItissaidMrChenisovertenyearsolderthanMrsLi.據(jù)說陳先生比李女士大10多歲。一、用括號(hào)中單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。Allthe (communicate)withtheoutsideworldwasbroken.Jimisadoctor.His (old)brotherisanengineer.AfterhighschoolMikegotajobinsteadof (go)touniversity.It'sverykindofyoutooffer (help)usontheweekend.Tobeginwithwedon'thavemuchmoney, (second)wearetoobusy.練習(xí)：你看上去很疲憊，怎么了？You tired.What's 昨晚，我始終學(xué)習(xí)到午夜，因此我沒有睡足覺。Istudied lastnightsoIdidn't sleep.我應(yīng)當(dāng)做什么？ Ido你為什么不忘掉此事呢？盡管她錯(cuò)了，但那不是一件大事。 youforgetaboutit she'swrong.It'snot .他應(yīng)當(dāng)如何做？ hedo他應(yīng)當(dāng)和他的摯友交談一下，以便于他能向他道謙。He hisfriends hecansayhe'ssorry.或許你應(yīng)當(dāng)去他家。 you gotohishouse.我想我可以，但是我不想讓他驚訝。IthinkI ,butIdon'twantto .二、用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空Weshouldn't (argue)withourparents.Youshouldn't (use)thephoneintheclassroom.―ouldIuseyourdictionary—well,you .A.canB.couldC.shouldD.mightyou'dbetter (go)toschoolbybike.Howabout (go)hikingthisafternoon.copyv.復(fù)制；復(fù)印It'snotgoodhabitstocopyother'shomework.抄襲別人的作業(yè)不是好習(xí)慣。.returnv.回來；回去Theydidn'treturnuntilyesterdayafternoon.直到昨天下午他們才回家。重點(diǎn)區(qū)分：sothat;點(diǎn)撥：sothat意為“因此”，引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句，一般放在主句后，且不用逗號(hào)隔開。表示前一句所表述的動(dòng)作的目或動(dòng)機(jī)(是一種可能性),而非事實(shí)。因此，在從句中常運(yùn)用can/could/will/may/should等詞。IgotupearlysothatIcouldcatchtheearlybus.我起得早，以便能趕上早班車。Youmustgonowsothatyouwon'tbelate.sothat...意為"如此 .....以至于”，常用于結(jié)果狀語從句，表示上文動(dòng)作所產(chǎn)生結(jié)果，陳述的是客觀事實(shí)，常常不帶情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。Hestudiedhardsothathepassedtheexam.他努力學(xué)習(xí)，結(jié)果通過了考試。(2023山東)Theydeveloptheirskills tehycandothingsbetterandbetter.A.howeverB.becauseC.sinceD.sothat2.點(diǎn)撥：though意為“盡管……