2023年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-山東大學(xué)歷年高頻考題黑鉆摘選版附帶答案

2023年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-山東大學(xué)歷年高頻考題黑鉆摘選版附帶答案（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）答案解析附后第1卷一.綜合題(共10題)1.單選題

Togiveyouageneralideaofourproducts,weenclosethecataloguesshowingvariousproductshandledbyuswithdetailed_______andmeansofpacking.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.specimensB.inspectionsC.samplesD.specifications2.單選題Arrivinganywherewiththesepossessions,hemightjustaseasily_______foramonthorayearasforasingleday.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.putupB.stayupC.speedupD.makeup3.單選題ChristmasisaChristianholydayusuallycelebratedonDecember25th_______thebirthofJesusChrist.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.inaccordancewithB.intermsofC.infavorofD.inhonorof4.翻譯題Thiswillbeparticularlytruesinceenergypinchwillmakeitdifficulttocontinueagricultureinthehigh-energyAmericanfashionthatmakesitpossibletocombinefewfarmerswithhighyields.5.單選題Motorcyclistsshouldwearhelmetsto（）themfrominjury.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.saveB.shieldC.shelterD.defend6.寫(xiě)作題Asthesocietydevelops,interpersonalrelationshipsaregettingmoreandmoreindifferent.Pleasemakecommentonthephenomena.7.單選題Sincetheauthor’sunflatteringreferencestoherfriendswereso________,shewassurprisedthather______wererecognized.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.laudatory...stylesB.obvious...anecdotesC.oblique...allusionsD.critical...eulogies8.單選題Language,culture,andpersonalitymaybeconsidered______ofeachotherinthought,buttheyareinseparableinfact.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.indistinctlyB.separatelyC.irrelevantlyD.independently9.單選題Johnwassoinhisbookthathedidnothearthedoorbellring.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.engagedB.occupiedC.absorbedD.concentrated10.單選題Manyofyouyoungpersonsoutthereareseriouslythinkingaboutgoingtocollege.(Thatis,ofcourse,alie.Theonlythingsyouyoungpersonsthinkseriouslyaboutareloudmusicandsex.Trustme:thesearecloselyrelatedtocollege).Collegeisbasicallyabunchofroomswhereyousitforroughlytwothousandhoursandtrytomemorizethings.Thetwothousandhoursarespreadoutoverfouryears;youspendtherestofthetimesleepingandtryingtogetdates.Basically,youlearntwokindsofthingsincollege:Thingsyouneedtoknowlaterinlife(twohours).Theseincludehowtomakecollecttelephonecallsandgetbeerandcrepe-paperstainsoutofyourpajamas.Thingsyouwillnotneedtoknowinlaterlife(1,998hours).Thesearethethingsyoulearninclasseswhosenamesendin-ology,-osophy,-istry,-ics,andsoon.Theideaisyoumemorizethesethings,thenwritethemdowninlittleexambooks,thenforgetthem.Ifyoufailtoforgetthem,youbecomeaprofessorandhavetostayincollegefortherestofyourlife.It’sverydifficulttoforgeteverything.Forexample,whenIwasincollege,Ihadtomemorize—don’taskmewhy—thenamesofthemetaphysicalpoetsotherthanJohnDonne.Ihavemanagedtoforgetoneofthem,butIstillrememberthattheothertwowerenamedVaughanandCrashaw.Sometimes,whenI’mtryingtoremembersomethingimportant,likewhethermywifetoldmetogettunapackedinoilortunapackedinwater,VaughanandCrashawjustpopupinmymind,rightthereinthesupermarket.It’saterriblewasteofbraincells.Afteryou’vebeenincollegeforayearorso,you’resupposedtochooseamajor,whichisthesubjectyouintendtomemorizeandforgetthemostthingsabout.Hereisaveryimportantpieceofadvice:besuretochooseamajorthatdoesnotinvolveKnownFactsandRightAnswers.Thismeansthatyoumustnotmajorinmathematics,physics,biologyorchemistry,becausethesesubjectsinvolveactualfacts.If,forexample,youmajorinmathematics,you’regoingtowanderintoclassonedayandtheprofessorwillsay:“Definethecosineintegerofthequadrantoftherhomboidbinaryaxis,andextrapolateyourresulttofivesignificantvertices.’’Ifyoudon’tcomeupwithexactlytheanswertheprofessorhasinmind,youfail.Thesameistrueofchemistry:ifyouwriteinyourexambookthatcarbonandhydrogencombinetoformoak,yourprofessorwillflunkyou.Hewantsyoutocomeupwiththesameanswerheandalltheotherchemistshaveagreedon.Scientistsareextremelysnottyaboutthis.1.Accordingtotheauthor,whatarecloselyrelatedtocollege?2.Accordingtotheauthor,whatshouldthecollegestudentslearnincollege?3.Whenshouldthecollegestudentschooseamajor?4.Theword“flunk”inthelastparagraphmeans_____.5.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.Thinkingandstudy.B.Shoppingandmusic.C.Musicandsex.D.Sleepingandthinking.問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)A.Howtomemorizethingsandtogetdates.B.Thethingsyouwillneedandnotneedtoknowinlaterlife.C.Howtoforgeteverythingandtowritepoets.D.Howtoenhancememoryandstudyability.問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)A.Themomenttheygotocollege.B.Aftertheyhavebeenincollegefornearlytwoyears.C.Aftertheyhavebeenincollegeforayearorso.D.Whentheybecomeasenior.問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)A.floatB.failC.ridiculeD.dupe問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)A.TheMythofCollegeB.WhatCanYouLearninCollegeC.HowtoEnjoyYourCollegeLifeD.TheImportanceofCollege第1卷參考答案一.綜合題1.【答案】D【解析】名詞詞義辨析。specification“規(guī)格，規(guī)范”；specimen“范例；樣品，樣本”；inspection“檢查”；sample“樣品，例子”。句意：為了使你對(duì)我們的產(chǎn)品有個(gè)大致的了解，隨函寄上我們各種產(chǎn)品的目錄，包括詳細(xì)的規(guī)格介紹和包裝方式。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

2.【答案】A【解析】固定搭配。putupfor“獲得食宿安排”；stayup“熬夜”；speedup“加速”；makeup“組成，補(bǔ)充，編造”。句意：帶著這些財(cái)產(chǎn)去任何地方，你可以住上一個(gè)月或者一年，就像過(guò)上一天一樣。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

3.【答案】D【解析】介詞詞組辨析。inaccordancewith“根據(jù)”；intermsof“就……而言”；infavorof“喜歡”；inhonorof“紀(jì)念；招待”。句意：12月25日圣誕節(jié)是基督教的一個(gè)神圣的日子，為了紀(jì)念耶穌的出生。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

4.【答案】

這種情況將是確定無(wú)疑的，能源匱乏將使高能量消耗這種美國(guó)生產(chǎn)方式將很難在農(nóng)業(yè)繼續(xù)下去，而這種耕種方式使少量農(nóng)民聯(lián)合起來(lái)獲得高產(chǎn)量成為可能。

5.【答案】B【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。save意為“使……免于受到……的損傷”；shield指用某種手段作為防御工具以防危險(xiǎn)或傷害；shelter通常指尋找安全地方躲避危害；defend指用武力或其他措施使人或物不受損害。題中是指運(yùn)用頭盔這種工具躲避傷害。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

6.【答案】Itseemsveryridiculousthatpeoplelivingsoneardon’tknoweachotherforsuchalongtime.However,theconditionisperformedeverywhere.Itistheexactreflectionofinterpersonalrelationshipsinthemodemworldwheremostpeopleliveinapartments.Theyclosetheirdoorsandnevergooutassoonastheygethomefromwork.Iftheylivealone,theywillkilltheirtimebywatchingTVorreadingmagazines.Theydon’thaveanyconnectionsevenwiththeirclosestneighbors，whoseemnodifferentfrompeopletheymeeteverydayinthestreet.Thisphenomenonisneithergoodtous,nortooursociety.Peoplewillfeellonelyandbecomemoreandmoreindifferentsothatinterpersonalrelationshipsarenotharmonious.Interpersonalcommunicationisveryimportanttous.Firstly,itisessentialforourphysicalwell-being.Lackofcommunicationshowsawiderangeofmedicalhazards.Sociallyisolatedpeoplearefoundtobetwoorthreetimesmorelikelytosufferfrompoorhealththanthosewithstrongsocialties.Steadyinterpersonalcommunicationcontributestothelongevityofourlives.Secondly,interpersonalcommunicationenablesustohaveasenseofouridentity.Deprivedofcommunicationwithothers,wecanhardlyhaveaclearideaofidentity.Oursenseofidentitycomesfromthewayweinteractwithotherpeople.Wedecidewhatwearelikebasedonhowothersreacttous.Inourlifeweneedtofeelasenseofbelongingtosomepersonalrelationship.Weneedtoinfluenceothersandfeelsomesenseofpoweroverourworld,andtocareforothersandknowthattheycareforus,thustohaveasenseofaffectionandfriendship.Lastly,interpersonalcommunicationisthemeansofimportantinformationineveryrespect,whichmakesuswellinformedandhelpsustogrow.Tosumup,interpersonalcommunicationisjustasnecessaryaswaterandairtousinourworkandlife.Weshouldpaygreatattentiontotheamountofinterpersonalcommunicationaswellastothewaysofdoingit.Properandskillfulinterpersonalcommunicationwillsatisfyourphysicalneeds,psychologicalneeds,socialneedsandpracticalneeds.7.【答案】C【解析】形容詞和名詞詞義辨析。laudatory“贊美的”；obvious“明顯的”；oblique“不光明正大的”；critical“批判的”。style“風(fēng)格”；anecdote“軼事，奇聞”；allusion“暗示，提及”；eulogy“悼詞，頌詞”。句意：作者間接地指出了她的朋友們的不當(dāng)之處，但是使她驚訝的是，這種暗示得到了大家的認(rèn)可。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

8.【答案】D【解析】固定搭配。separatelyfrom“獨(dú)立的”,independently和of搭配。句意：語(yǔ)言、文化和個(gè)性被認(rèn)為是相互獨(dú)立存在的，但是實(shí)際上是不可分割的。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

9.【答案】C【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。absorbed“全神貫注的”；engaged“使用中的”；occupied“已占用的”；concentrated“集中注意力的”，本題用beabsorbedin“全神貫注于”更為合適。句意：約翰如此全