全中考英語(yǔ)-閱讀理解精練含答案 帶譯文

中考英語(yǔ)-閱讀理解精練含答案帶譯文Gesturesarethesilentlanguageofeveryculture.Wepointafingerormoveanotherpartofthebodytoshowwhatwewanttosay.Itisimportanttoknowthebodylanguageofeverycountryorwemaybemisunderstood.IntheUS,peoplegreeteachotherwithahandshakeinaformaldiscussion.Thehandshakemustbefirm.Ifthehandshakeisweak,itisasignofweaknessorunfriendliness.Friendsmayplaceahandontheother’sarmorshoulder.Somepeople,usuallywomen,greeteachotherwithahug(擁抱).SpaceisimportanttoAmericans.Whentwopeopletalktoeachother,theyusuallystandabout2.5feetawayandatanangle,sotheyarenotfacingeachotherdirectl.Americansgetuncomfortablewhenapersonstandstooclose.Theywillmovebacktohavetheirspace.IfAmericanstouchanotherpersonbyaccident,theysay,“Pardonme”or“Excuseme”.Americansliketolookattheotherintheeyeswhentheyaretalking.Ifyoudon’tdoso,itmeansyouarebored,hidingsomething,orarenotinterested.Whenyoustareatsomeone,however,itisnotpolite.ForAmericans,thumbsupmeans“yes”,“verygood”or“welldone”.Thumbsdownmeanstheopposite.Tocallawaiter,onemightputuponehandtoheadlevelorabove.Toshowyouwantthecheck,makeamovementwithyourhandsasyouaresigningapieceofpaper.Itisallrighttopointatthingsbutnotatpeoplewiththehandandindexfinger(食指).Americansshaketheirindexfingersatchildrenwhentheyscoldthemandpatthemontheheadwhentheyadmirethem.Learningaculture’sbodylanguageissometimesconfusing(困惑的).Ifyoudon’tknowwhattodo,thesafestthingtodoistosmile.(1).WhenyoushakehandswithanAmerican,youshould________．A．shakehis/herhandfirmlyB．putyourhandsonhis/hershoulderC．shakehis/herhandgentlyD．givehim/herahugafterward(2).IntheUS,peopleusually________ifyoustandtooclosetothem．A．feelfriendlyB．getuncomfortableC．keepstillD．hityouangrily(3).IfyoutalkwithanAmericanfriend,it’spoliteto________．A．stareathim/herB．lookatthegroundC．lookathim/herintheeyesD．lookhereandthere(4).What’sthemainideaofthispassage?A．PeoplegreeteachotherbyshakinghandsinAmerica．B．Everycountryhastheirowngestures．C．Learningaculture’sbodylanguageisveryimportantandnecessary．D．Itisallrighttopointatthingsbutnotatpeoplewiththehandandindexfinger．譯文：手勢(shì)是每一種文化的“無(wú)聲的語(yǔ)言”。我們指手指或移動(dòng)身體的另一部分來(lái)展示我們要說(shuō)的事情。了解每一個(gè)國(guó)家的肢體語(yǔ)言很重要，否則我們可能被誤解。在美國(guó)，在正式的談話中人們通過(guò)握手來(lái)互相打招呼。握手要堅(jiān)定有力，如果握手無(wú)力，是弱者或不友好的標(biāo)志。朋友可以把手放在對(duì)方的手臂或肩膀上，有些人，通常是婦女，以擁抱來(lái)打招呼。對(duì)美國(guó)人來(lái)說(shuō)空間是最重要的，當(dāng)兩人互相交談時(shí)，他們通常站在約2.5英尺的距離，他們不直接面對(duì)對(duì)方，當(dāng)人們站得太近的時(shí)候，他們感覺(jué)不舒服，他們會(huì)退后，留出自己的空間。如果美國(guó)人不小心觸摸到另一個(gè)人，他們說(shuō)，“對(duì)不起”或“不好意思”。美國(guó)人在交談時(shí)喜歡直視對(duì)方。如果你不這樣做，那就意味著你是無(wú)聊的，隱藏了東西，或不感興趣。然而，你一直緊盯著別人時(shí)，也是不禮貌的。美國(guó)人豎起大拇指表示“是的”或者“很好”“干得不錯(cuò)”，大拇指朝下則是相反的意思。叫服務(wù)生的時(shí)候，舉起一只手保持水平或者略高于頭部。為了表示你想要支票結(jié)賬，用手作出一個(gè)在文件上簽寫(xiě)的樣子。用手和食指指著東西是可以的，但不能用食指指著人(食指)。當(dāng)美國(guó)人責(zé)罵他們孩子時(shí)，他們會(huì)搖動(dòng)食指，當(dāng)他們贊美他們孩子時(shí)，他們會(huì)拍拍他們的頭。有時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)一種肢體語(yǔ)言的文化是令人困惑的，如果你不知道該做什么，要做的最安全事情就是微笑。答案：1．A;2．B;3．C;4．C;解析：(1)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第一段介紹美國(guó)人見(jiàn)面時(shí)習(xí)慣于緊緊地握手。(2)第二段介紹，當(dāng)一個(gè)人站得離一位美國(guó)人太近時(shí)，這位美國(guó)人會(huì)覺(jué)得不舒服。(3)根據(jù)“Americansliketolookattheotherintheeyeswhentheyaretalking．”可知。(4)主旨?xì)w納題。文章的第一段最后一句話點(diǎn)明了主題。HankViscardiwasbornwithoutlegs.Hehad—notlegsbutstumps(殘肢)thatcouldbefittedwithakindofspecialboots,Peoplestaredathimwithcruelinterest.Childrenlaughedathimandcalledhim‘ApeMan’(猿人)becausehisarmspracticallydraggedontheground.Hankwenttoschoollikeotherboys.Hisgradesweregoodandheneededonlyeightyearstofinishhisschoolinginsteadoftheusualtwelve.Aftergraduatingfromschool,heworkedhiswaythroughcollege(靠做工讀完大學(xué)).Hesweptfloors,waitedontable,orworkedinoneofthecollegeoffices.Duringallthisbusylife,hehadbeenmovingaroundonhisstumps.Butonedaythedoctortoldhimeventhestumpswerenotgoingtolastmuchlonger.Hewouldsoonhavetouseawheelchair.Hankfelthimselfgetcoldallover.However,thedoctorsaidtherewasachancethathecouldbefittedwithartificiallegs(假腿).FinallyalegmakerwasfoundandthedaycamewhenHankstoodupbeforethemirror.Forthefirsttimehesawhimselfashehasalwayswantedtobe—afullfivefeeteightinchestall.Bythistimehewasalready26yearsold.Hankhadtolearntousehisnewlegs.Againandagainhemarchedthelengthoftheroom,andmarchedbackagain.Thereweretimeswhenhefelldownonthefloor,buthepulledhimselfupandwentbacktotheendlessmarching.Hewentoutonthestreet.Heclimbedstairsandlearnedtodance.Hebuiltaboatandlearnedtosailit.WhenWorldWarIIcame,hetalkedtheRedCrossintogivinghimajob.Hetooktheregulartraining.Hemarchedanddrilledalongwiththeothersoldiers.Fewknewthathewaslegless.ThiswasthetruestoryofHankViscardi,amanwithoutlegs.1.ChildrenlaughedatHankandcalledhim‘ApeMan’because______A.hedidn’ttalktothemB.hekeptawayfromthemC.hisarmstouchedthegroundwhenhemovedD.hecouldn’tusehisarms2.Itcanbeinferredfromthestorythatfivefeeteightinchestallis______A.anaverageheightforafullygrownpersonB.tootallforanaveragepersonC.tooshortforanaveragepersonD.noneoftheabove3.WhenHankmarchedanddrilledalongwiththeothersoldiers,he______A.dideverythingtheothersoldiersdidB.didnothingtheothersoldiersdidC.didsomeofthethingstheothersoldiersdidD.tooksomespecialtraining4.ThewritersuggeststhatHankViscardi_______A.hadnofriendsB.neversawhimselfasdifferentfromothersC.wasveryshyD.wastooproudtoaccepthelpfromothers短文翻譯(由鄭老師提供)：漢克·維斯卡迪生來(lái)就沒(méi)有腿。他不是沒(méi)有腿，而是只有一雙適合穿特殊靴子的殘肢，人們用殘忍的目光看他，孩子們嘲笑他，稱他為“猿人”，因?yàn)樗母觳矌缀跬显诘厣?。漢克和其他男孩一樣上學(xué)，他的成績(jī)很好，他只需要8年就完成學(xué)業(yè)，而不是通常的12年。從學(xué)校畢業(yè)后，又看靠做工讀完大學(xué)。他在餐館里掃地，做服務(wù)員，或者在大學(xué)的辦公室里工作，在他忙碌的一生中，他一直在用這雙殘肢走動(dòng)。但有一天，醫(yī)生告訴他，即使是殘肢也不會(huì)持續(xù)太久，他很快就得用輪椅了，聽(tīng)到這，漢克覺(jué)得全身都涼了。不過(guò)，醫(yī)生說(shuō)，他能安裝假腿。終于找到了一個(gè)造腿的人。這一天實(shí)現(xiàn)了，漢克站在鏡子前，第一次看到了他一直想要的自己----一個(gè)足足5英尺8英寸高的人，然而這時(shí)他已經(jīng)26歲了。漢克必須學(xué)會(huì)使用他的新腿，他一次又一次地走到房間的盡頭，又一次一次地走回來(lái)。有幾次他摔倒在地，但他重新起來(lái)，又回到了無(wú)盡的行進(jìn)中。他走到街上，他爬樓梯學(xué)跳舞，他造了一艘船并學(xué)會(huì)了駕駛它。第二次世界大戰(zhàn)爆發(fā)時(shí)，他說(shuō)服紅十字會(huì)給他一份工作，他接受了常規(guī)訓(xùn)練。他和其他士兵一起行軍和操練，很少有人知道他沒(méi)有腿。這是漢克維斯卡迪的真實(shí)故事，一個(gè)沒(méi)有腿的人。參考答案：CAAB試題分析：本文是一篇記敘文，敘述了身殘志不殘的Hank的事跡。身為一名殘疾人的Hank，憑借自己的毅力做到了與正常人一樣工作學(xué)習(xí)和生活，具有很強(qiáng)的教育意義。1.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第一段最后一句話“Childrenlaughedathimandcalledhim‘ApeMan’(猿人)becausehisarmspracticallydraggedontheground.”可知C為正確選項(xiàng)?！癲rag”在此意思為“拖在地上”2.A推理判斷題。從文章可知Hank因?yàn)闅埣矎男〗邮艿饺藗兒闷娴哪抗夂秃⒆觽兊某靶?，所以?nèi)心應(yīng)該是一直渴望像個(gè)正常人一樣，而且文章第三段“Forthefirsttimehesawhimselfashehasalwayswantedtobe—afullfivefeeteightinchestall.”也證實(shí)了這點(diǎn)，所以A為正確答案。3.A推理判斷題。從文章最后一段“Hetooktheregulartraining.Hemarchedanddrilledalongwiththeothersoldiers.Fewknewthathewaslegless.”可知他應(yīng)該是和別人做一樣的事情，所以正確選項(xiàng)是A4.B推理判斷題。從整篇文章的敘述可知Hank和別人一樣學(xué)習(xí)工作甚至在部隊(duì)行軍操練，從來(lái)沒(méi)把自己看做一個(gè)不同于別人的人，而且其余三個(gè)選項(xiàng)文章中沒(méi)有涉及，所以正確選項(xiàng)是B?？键c(diǎn)：考查人物類短文閱讀。Theclockstruck（敲）eight，butIwasstillonthebed．Icouldhearitwasblowingstrongly．"Itmustbewindyoutside，"Ithought．Icametothesmalltownaweekago．Isoldsomeclothestoashop．ChristmaswascomingandIhopedtobuysomepresentsformyfamilyandfriends．SoItriedtomeetthemanagerandaskhimtopayforthem．Iwasoutofluck（運(yùn)氣不好）．HewenttoLondonandIhadtowaitforhimhere．Therewasnotheatreherebutacinema．Thefilmswerealltooold．Ipreferredstayinginthesmallhoteltosittinginthecoldcinema．Halfanhourlater，Ifelthungry．Ihadtogetup．Itwaswhiteeverywhereandsomechildrenwereskiingdownthehill．Onmywaytothesmallrestaurant，Isawaboyfallontoarock（巖石）．Irantohimquicklyandcarriedhimtoahospital．Soonhisparentscamehere．NowIknewtheboywasjustthemanager'sson．Hethankedmeverymuchandgavemethemoneyafterwehadadinner．1）Whatwastheweatherliketoday？______________________________2）Whatdidthewriter（作者）cometothetownfor？______________________________3）Whydidthewriterpreferstayinginthehotel？______________________________4）Whendidthewritergetup？______________________________5）Whydidthemanagerthankthewriter？______________________________參考答案：1）Itwasawindydaytoday．2）Hecametothetowntoaskthemanagertopayfortheclothes．3）Becauseitwasalittlewarmerthere．4）Hegotupathalfpasteight．5）Becausethewritersavedhisson．NearlyallAmericanstudentsincollegesanduniversitiespayfortheireducation.Therearemanyexpenses.Firstofall,thereistuition(學(xué)費(fèi)).Atsomeschools,thetuitionisveryhigh,tenthousanddollarsayearormore.Atotherschools,itmayonlybeafewhundreddollarsayear.Atsomecommunity(社區(qū))colleges,tuitionisfree.Thereareotherexpensesaswell.Manystudentsleavetheirhomestogotoschoolsinothercities.Theymayliveindormitoriesorapartments(flats),andtheymustpayforit.Finally,studentsmustbuytextbooksfortheircourses.Somefamiliesstartsavingmoneyfortheirchildren'seducationwhenthechildrenaresmall.Manystudentsworktosavemoneyfortuition.Theycanalsogetloans(貸款)fromthegovernment.Theypaythe