全國新高考I卷講評課件高三英語一輪復習

第二部分閱讀理解第一節(jié)21.B 22.C 23.D 24.C 25.D26.B 27.A 28.B 29.A 30.C31.A 32.B 33.D 34.C 35.D第二節(jié)36.D37.B 38.F 39.C 40.G第三部分語言運用第一節(jié)41.D 42.A 43.D 44.A 45.C46.B 47.D 48.A 49.B 50.B51.C 52.D 53.A 54.C 55.B第二節(jié)56.tasty 57.tobite 58.or59.recognized 60.by61.tobelifted62.their 63.a 64.rarely 65.wanting2023全國新課標I卷答案閱讀理解A人與社會：自行車租賃&游覽項目介紹21.WhatisanadvantageofMacBike?A.Itgiveschildrenadiscount.

B.Itoffersmanytypesofbikes.C.Itorganizesfreecycletours.

D.Ithasover2,500rentalshops.Prices

HandBrake,ThreeGearsFootBrake,NoGears1hour€7.50€5.003hours€11.00€7.501day(24hours)€14.75€9.75Eachadditionalday€8.00€6.0022.Howmuchdoyoupayforrentingabikewithhandbrakeandthreegearsfortwodays?A.€15.75.

B.€19.50. C.€22.75. D.€29.50.GuidedCityToursThe2.5-hourtourcoverstheGooyerWindmill,theSkinnyBridge,theRijksmuseum,HeinekenBreweryandmuchmore.ThetourdepartsfromDamSquareeveryhouronthehour,startingat1:00pmeveryday.YoucanbuyyourticketinaMacBikeshoporbookonline.23.Wheredoestheguidedcitytourstart?A.TheGooyer,Windmill. B.TheSkinnyBridge.C.HeinekenBrewery. D.DamSquare.重難點詞及詞塊rentaln[派生詞]租賃，出租（rent+-al）；guidedtourn有導游的游覽；economicaladj經濟的，實惠的；sustainableadj可持續(xù)的，不破壞環(huán)境的；canaln運河；bikev[名詞動化]騎自行車；landscapen陸上）風景，景色，地帶；aroundadv[熟詞生義]存在著，出現；strategicadj重要的，合適的，戰(zhàn)略（性）的（strategy+-ic）；locationn地點，位置；availableadj可用的，可得到的；additionaladj[派生詞]附加的，另外的，追加的（近extra）；coverv[熟詞生義]涵蓋，包括；departv出發(fā)，啟程，離開inawidevariety多種多樣（地）；(everyhour)onthehour（每小時的）整點閱讀理解B人與自然：一項具有環(huán)保價值的發(fā)明——生態(tài)設計

【1】WhenJohnToddwasachild,

helovedtoexplorethewoodsaroundhishouse,

observinghownaturesolved

problems.

A

dirtystream,

forexample,

oftenbecameclearafterflowingthroughplantsandalongrockswheretiny

creatureslived.

Whenhegotolder,Johnstartedtowonderifthisprocesscouldbeusedtocleanupthemessespeople

weremaking.

24.

WhatcanwelearnaboutJohnfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Hewasfondoftraveling. B.Heenjoyedbeingalone.C.Hehadaninquiringmind. D.Helongedtobeadoctor.閱讀理解B人與自然：一項具有環(huán)保價值的發(fā)明——生態(tài)設計25.

WhydidJohnputthesludgeintothetanks?A.Tofeedtheanimals. B.Tobuildanecosystem.C.Toprotecttheplants. D.Totesttheeco-machine.閱讀理解B人與自然：一項具有環(huán)保價值的發(fā)明——生態(tài)設計

【3】ThetaskJohnsetforhimselfwastoremoveharmfulsubstancesfromsomesludge(污泥).First,

heconstructed

aseriesofclearfiberglasstanksconnectedtoeachother.

Thenhewentaroundtolocalpondsandstreamsandbrought

backsomeplantsandanimals.

Heplacedtheminthetanksandwaited.

Littlebylittle,

thesedifferentkindsoflife

gotusedtooneanotherandformedtheirownecosystem.

Afterafewweeks,

Johnaddedthesludge.

【4】Hewasamazedattheresults.

Theplantsandanimalsintheeco-machinetookthesludgeasfoodandbeganto

eatit!

Withinweeks,

ithadallbeendigested,

andallthatwasleftwaspurewater.

【5】Overtheyears,

Johnhastakenonmanybigjobs.

Hedevelopedagreenhouse-likefacilitythattreatedsewage

(污水)from1,600homesinSouthBurlington.

Healsodesignedaneco-machinetocleancanalwaterinFuzhou,

a

cityinsoutheastChina.

閱讀理解B人與自然：一項具有環(huán)保價值的發(fā)明——生態(tài)設計

【6】“Ecologicaldesign”

isthenameJohngivestowhathedoes.“LifeonEarthiskindofaboxofsparepartsfortheinventor,”hesays.“Youputorganismsinnewrelationshipsandobservewhat’shappening.Thenyouletthesenewsystemsdeveloptheirownwaystoself-repair.”27.

WhatisthebasisforJohn’swork?A.Naturecanrepairitself. B.Organismsneedwatertosurvive.C.LifeonEarthisdiverse. D.Mosttinycreaturesliveingroups.重難點詞及詞塊processn過程，進程；fisheryn[派生詞]漁業(yè)，水產業(yè)（fish+-ery）;trapv[熟詞生義]吸收，留存；chemical

n化學品；figurev（經過考慮后）認為，以為；eco-machinen[合成詞]生態(tài)機器；substancen物質；constructv建造，修建；clearadj[熟詞生義]透明的；fiberglassn[合成詞]玻璃纖維；tankn（貯放液體或氣體的）箱，槽，罐；lifen[熟詞生義]生物，活物；重難點詞及詞塊ecosystemn[派生詞]生態(tài)系統(tǒng)；developv[熟詞生義]開發(fā)，研制；greenhouse-likeadj[合成詞]像溫室一樣的；facilityn[課標新增詞]（設備或系統(tǒng)的）特殊裝置；treatv[熟詞生義]（利用化學物質或反應）處理；ecologicaladj[派生詞]生態(tài)的；spare

partn[獨立詞條]配件，備用零件；organismn[派生詞]微生物，有機體（organ+-ism）；self-repairn[合成詞]自行修復；reviewv回顧，反思；applicationn[派生詞]（尤指理論、發(fā)現等的）應用，運用；erasev消除，清除；diverseadj

不同的，多種多樣的重難點詞及詞塊cleanup清除（污染物）；set(sb)atask給（某人）布置任務/定下目標；remove...from從……中除去/消除……；aseriesof（同類事物的）一系列，一連串；littlebylittle慢慢地，逐漸地；getusedto(doing)sth習慣于（做）某事；be

amazedat對……感到十分驚奇；takeon承擔（責任）；an

inquiringmind好奇心，探究精神；longtodosth盼望/渴望做某事閱讀理解C人與社會：如何建立數字極簡生活方式

【1】Thegoalofthisbookistomakethecasefordigitalminimalism,

includingadetailedexplorationofwhatitasks

andwhyitworks,

andthentoteachyouhowtoadoptthisphilosophyifyoudecideit’srightforyou.這本書的目的是為數字極簡主義做一個案例，包括對它的要求和為什么它有效的詳細探索，然后教你如何采用這種哲學，如果你認為它適合你。28.

Whatisthebookaimedat?A.Teachingcriticalthinkingskills. B.Advocatingasimpledigitallifestyle.C.Solvingphilosophicalproblems. D.Promotingtheuseofadigitaldevice.閱讀理解C人與社會：如何建立數字極簡生活方式

【2】Todoso,

Idividedthebookintotwoparts.

Inpartone,

Idescribethephilosophicalfoundationsofdigital

minimalism,

startingwithanexaminationoftheforcesthataremakingsomanypeople’sdigitallivesincreasingly

intolerable,

beforemovingontoadetaileddiscussionofthedigitalminimalismphilosophy.為此，我把這本書分成了兩部分。在第一部分中，我描述了數字極簡主義的哲學基礎，首先考察了使許多人的數字生活越來越難以忍受的力量，然后再詳細討論數字極簡主義哲學。

【3】Partoneconcludesbyintroducingmysuggestedmethodforadoptingthisphilosophy:

thedigitaldeclutter.

This

processrequiresyoutostepawayfromoptionalonlineactivitiesforthirtydays.

Attheendofthethirtydays,

youwill

thenaddbackasmallnumberofcarefullychosenonlineactivitiesthatyoubelievewillprovidemassivebenefitstothe

thingsyouvalue.第一部分最后介紹了我建議的采用這一理念的方法:數字整理器。這個過程要求你在30天內遠離可選的在線活動。在30天結束的時候，你會加上一些你認為會給你所看重的東西帶來巨大好處的精心挑選的在線活動。29.

Whatdoestheunderlinedword“declutter”inparagraph3mean?A.Clear-up. B.Add-on.C.Check-in.D.Take-over.閱讀理解C人與社會：如何建立數字極簡生活方式

【4】Inthefinalchapterofpartone,

I’llguideyouthroughcarryingoutyourowndigitaldeclutter.

Indoingso,

I’ll

drawonanexperimentIranin2018inwhichover1,600peopleagreedtoperformadigitaldeclutter.

You’llhear

theseparticipants’

storiesandlearnwhatstrategiesworkedwellforthem,

andwhattrapstheyencounteredthatyou

shouldavoid.

在第一部分的最后一章，我將指導你完成你自己的數字整理。在此過程中，我將引用我在2018年進行的一項實驗，在該實驗中，1600多人同意進行數字整理。你將聽到這些參與者的故事，了解哪些策略對他們有效，以及他們遇到的你應該避免的陷阱。30.

Whatispresentedinthefinalchapterofpartone?A.Theoreticalmodels. B.Statisticalmethods.C.Practicalexamples. D.Historicalanalyses.閱讀理解C人與社會：如何建立數字極簡生活方式

【5】Thesecondpartofthisbooktakesacloserlookatsomeideasthatwillhelpyoucultivate(培養(yǎng))asustainable

digitalminimalismlifestyle.Inthesechapters,Iexamineissuessuchastheimportanceofsolitude(獨處)andthenecessityofcultivatinghigh-qualityleisuretoreplacethetimemostnowspendonmindlessdeviceuse.Eachchapterconcludeswithacollectionofpractices,whicharedesignedtohelpyouactonthebigideasofthechapter.Youcanviewthesepracticesasatoolboxmeanttoaidyoureffortstobuildaminimalistlifestylethatworksforyourparticularcircumstances.本書的第二部分深入探討了一些可以幫助你培養(yǎng)可持續(xù)的數字極簡主義生活方式的想法。在這些章節(jié)中，我研究了一些問題，比如獨處的重要性和培養(yǎng)高質量休閑的必要性，以取代現在大多數人花在無意識設備上的時間。每一章都總結了一些實踐，這些實踐旨在幫助您按照本章的主要思想行事。你可以把這些做法看作是一個工具箱，旨在幫助你努力建立一個適合你特殊情況的極簡主義生活方式。重難點詞及詞塊minimalismn極簡主義；detailedadj詳細的；explorationn探討，研究；workv奏效，起作用；philosophyn哲學，生活準則；philosophicaladj哲學的；examinationn研究，考察；increasinglyadv越來越多地；intolerableadj無法忍受的；concludev結束；optionaladj可選擇的；massiveadj大量的；valuev[名詞動化]重視，珍視；runv[熟詞生義]組織；performv執(zhí)行；participantn參與者；重難點詞及詞塊trapn陷阱，困境；encounterv遭遇（尤指問題）；sustainableadj可持續(xù)的；high-quality

adj[合成詞]高質量的；mindlessadj毫無目標的，無須動腦筋的；practicen實踐，做法；toolboxn[合成詞]工具箱；minimalistn簡約主義者；advocatev提倡；promotev促進；clear-upn[合成詞]打掃，清理；add-onn[合成詞]附加物；check-inn[合成詞]登記處；take-overn[合成詞]接管，控制；presentv[熟詞生義]描述；theoreticaladj理論上的；statisticaladj統(tǒng)計學的；identifyv找出重難點詞及詞塊makethecasefor為……闡明理由；moveonto開始做（別的事）；stepawayfrom不靠近，遠離；guidesbthrough指導某人；carryout實施，執(zhí)行；drawon利用；takea

closerlookat更仔細地研究；bedesignedtodosth目的是做某事；acton根據……行事；view…as將……看作；bemeanttodosth旨在做某事；beaimedat旨在，目的是；criticalthinking批判性思維；theoreticalmodels理論模型閱讀理解D人與社會：群體智慧效應閱讀理解D人與社會：群體智慧效應32.Whatisparagraph2ofthetextmainlyabout?A.Themethodsofestimation.B.Theunderlyinglogicoftheeffect.C.Thecausesofpeople’serrors.D.ThedesignofGalton’sexperiment.【3】ButanewstudyledbyJoaquinNavajasofferedaninterestingtwist(轉折)onthisclassicphenomenon.Thekeyfindingofthestudywasthatwhencrowdswerefurtherdividedintosmallergroupsthatwereallowedtohaveadiscussion,theaveragesfromthesegroupsweremoreaccuratethanthosefromanequalnumberofindependentindividuals.Forinstance,theaverageobtainedfromtheestimatesoffourdiscussiongroupsoffivewassignificantlymoreaccuratethantheaverageobtainedfrom20independentindividuals.但是，由華金·納瓦加斯領導的一項新研究為這一經典現象提供了一個有趣的轉折。這項研究的關鍵發(fā)現是，當人群被進一步分成更小的群體并允許進行討論時，這些群體的平均值比同樣數量的獨立個體的平均值更準確。例如，從4個5人的討論小組中得到的平均值比從20個獨立個體中得到的平均值要準確得多。閱讀理解D人與社會：群體智慧效應【4】Inafollow-upstudywith100universitystudents,theresearcherstriedtogetabettersenseofwhatthegroupmembersactuallydidintheirdiscussion.Didtheytendtogowiththosemostconfidentabouttheirestimates?Didtheyfollowthoseleastwillingtochangetheirminds?Thishappenedsomeofthetime,butitwasn’tthedominantresponse.Mostfrequently,thegroupsreportedthatthey“sharedargumentsandreasonedtogether.”Somehow,theseargumentsandreasoningresultedinaglobalreductioninerror.

AlthoughthestudiesledbyNavajashavelimitationsandmanyquestionsremain,thepotentialimplicationsforgroupdiscussionanddecision-makingareenormous.在對100名大學生的后續(xù)研究中，研究人員試圖更好地了解小組成員在討論中實際做了什么。他們是否傾向于相信那些對自己的估計最有信心的人?他們追隨那些最不愿意改變主意的人了嗎?這種情況有時會發(fā)生，但不是主要的反應。最常見的是，這些小組報告說他們“分享論點，一起推理”。不知何故，這些論證和推理導致了錯誤的全面減少。雖然納瓦哈人領導的研究有局限性，還有許多問題，但對小組討論和決策的潛在影響是巨大的。閱讀理解D人與社會：群體智慧效應34.Whatdidthefollow-upstudyfocuson?A.Thesizeofthegroups.B.Thedominantmembers.C.Thediscussionprocess.D.Theindividualestimates.35.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardNavajas’studies?A.Unclear.B.Dismissive.C.Doubtful.

D.Approving.重難點詞及詞塊illustratev說明，闡明；wisdomn智慧；averagen平均數；independentadj獨立的；estimaten估算；accurateadj準確的；averagev[名詞動化]算出……的平均數；classicadj經典的；individualn個人，個體；dominantadj首要的，占支配地位的；responsen反應；frequentlyadv經常地；reasonv思考，推理；globaladj整體的，全面的；potentialadj潛在的；enormousadj巨大的；logicn邏輯conductanexperiment做實驗；insomecases在某些情況下；capitalizeon充分利用；makeerrors犯錯；tendto

dosth傾向于做某事；cancelout抵消，對消；resultin導致；intechnicalterms用專業(yè)的術語來說；forwhatever

reasons無論出于什么原因；godown下降；重難點詞及詞塊bedividedinto被分成；forinstance例如；getabettersenseof更好地了解；gowith同意，接受；(be)willingtodosth愿意做某事；changeone’smind改變主意；reductionin……方面的減少；focuson專注于，聚焦于派生詞statisticiann統(tǒng)計學家（statistic+-ian）；estimationn估算（estimate+-ion）；capitalizev把……大寫，給……提供資金（capital+-ize）；overestimatev高估（over-+estimate）；underestimatev&n低估（under+estimate）；correlatev（使）相互關聯（cor-+relate）；dependentadj依賴的，依靠的（depend+-ent）；accuracyn準確性，精確度（accurate+-cy）；significantlyadv顯著地（significant+-ly）；argumentn論點，論據（argue+-ment）；reasoningn推理（reason+-ing）；reductionn減少，降低（reduce+-tion）；limitationn局限（limit+-ation）；implicationsn可能的影響/作用/結果（同根詞：imply）；派生詞underlyingadj潛在的，根本的（under+lie+-ing）；relatively相對地（relative+-ly）；occasionaladj偶爾的（occasion+-al）；dismissiveadj輕蔑的，鄙視的（dismiss+-ive）；doubtfuladj感到懷疑的（doubt+-ful）；approvingadj贊許的，贊成的（approve+-ing）合成詞：follow-upadj后續(xù)的（短語動詞followup跟進，采取后續(xù)行動）；decision-makingn決策閱讀七選五人與自我：如何自我寬恕PersonalForgivenessTakingresponsibilityformistakesisapositivestep,butdon’tbeatyourselfupaboutthem.

Toerr(犯錯)is

human.

36

Youcanusethefollowingwritingexercisetohelpyoudothis.Inajournaloronapieceofpaper,

puttheheading

“Personalstrengths.”

37Areyoucaring?

Creative?

Generous?

Agoodlistener?

Funtobearound?

Theydon’thavetobeworld-changing,

justaspectsofyourpersonality

thatyou’reproudof.A.

Alittleself-forgivenessalsogoesalongway.B.

Nowlistallthecharacteristicsyoulikeaboutyourself.C.

Theymightevenliketohaveagoatdoingtheexercise.D.

It’sjustasimportanttoshowyourselfsomeforgiveness.E.

Itdoesn’tmeanyouhavetoignorewhat’shappenedorforgetit.F.

Whateveritis,

nomatterhowsmallitmightseem,

writeitdown.G.

Whateverthemistake,

rememberitisn’tafixedaspectofyour

personality.閱讀七選五人與自我：如何自我寬恕Atthetopofasecondpage,

puttheheading“Actsofkindness.”

Onthisone,

listallthepositivethingsyou’ve

doneforothers.

Itmightbethetimewhenyouhelpedafriendwiththeirhomework,

whenyoudidtheironingwithout

beingasked,

orwhenyoubakedcookiesafterthefamilyhadhadatiringday.

38A.

Alittleself-forgivenessalsogoesalongway.B.

Nowlistallthecharacteristicsyoulikeaboutyourself.C.

Theymightevenliketohaveagoatdoingtheexercise.D.

It’sjustasimportanttoshowyourselfsomeforgiveness.E.

Itdoesn’tmeanyouhavetoignorewhat’shappenedorforgetit.F.

Whateveritis,

nomatterhowsmallitmightseem,

writeitdown.G.

Whateverthemistake,

rememberitisn’tafixedaspectofyour

personality.閱讀七選五人與自我：如何自我寬恕Youcouldaskafriendorfamilymembertohelpaddtoyourlist.

39Thatway,

youcouldexchange

thoughtsonwhatmakeseachofyouspecialandtheaspectsofyourpersonalitythatshinethrough.

Infact,

don’twait

untilyou’vemadeamistaketotrythis

—

it’sagreatwaytoboostself-confidenceatanytime.It’ssomethingofacliché(陳詞濫調)thatmostpeoplelearnnotfromtheirsuccessesbutfromtheirmistakes.

The

thingis,

it’strue.

40We’reallchangingandlearningallthetimeandmistakesareapositivewaytodevelop

andgrow.A.

Alittleself-forgivenessalsogoesalongway.B.

Nowlistallthecharacteristicsyoulikeaboutyourself.C.

Theymightevenliketohaveagoatdoingtheexercise.D.

It’sjustasimportanttoshowyourselfsomeforgiveness.E.

Itdoesn’tmeanyouhavetoignorewhat’shappenedorforgetit.F.

Whateveritis,

nomatterhowsmallitmightseem,

writeitdown.G.

Whateverthemistake,

rememberitisn’tafixedaspectofyour

personality.重難點詞forgivenessn[派生詞]原諒；putv[熟詞生義]寫；headingn[派生詞]標題，題目；caringadj[派生詞]關心他人的；fixedadj[派生詞]固定的，不變的takeresponsibilityforsth承擔某事的責任；beatyourself

upaboutsth[非正式用語]為某事過分自責；actsof

kindness善舉；dotheironing熨衣服；addto增添；exchangethoughtson就……交流想法；shinethrough（某種品質）顯現出來；boostself-confidence增強自信心；goalongway大有幫助；haveagoat(doing)sth嘗試（做）某事完形填空人與社會：越野賽跑中救助受傷對手完形填空人與社會：越野賽跑中救助受傷對手

Asreportedbyalocalnewspaper,Baileywasmorethantwo-thirdsofthewaythroughher44________whenarunnerinfrontofherbegancryinginpain.She45________tohelpherfellowrunner,DanielleLenoue.Baileytookherarmtoseeifshecouldwalkforwardwith46________.Shecouldn’t.Baileythen47________toletLenoueclimbontoherbackandcarriedherallthewaytothefinishline,thenanother300feettowhereLenouecouldget48________attention.

完形填空人與社會：越野賽跑中救助受傷對手重難點詞coursen[熟詞生義]賽道；checkpointn[合成詞]檢查站（check+point）；assessv評定，評價；identify

v確認，認出，識別；ashamedadj[派生詞]羞恥的，慚愧的；discouragedadj[分詞形容詞]泄氣的，失去信心的；bigdealn重要的/令人激動的事情或情況；meetn[熟詞生義]體育比賽，運動會；displayn[熟詞生義][課標新增詞]（特性、情感或能力的）顯示，表露重難點詞塊語法填空人與社會：小籠包Xiaolongbao(soupdumplings),thoseamazingconstructionsofdelicatedumplingwrappers,encasinghot,56(taste)soupandsweet,freshmeat,arefarandawaymyfavoriteChinesestreetfood.Thedumplingsarrivesteaminganddangerouslyhot.Toeatone,youhavetodecidewhether57(bite)asmallholeinitfirst,releasingthestreamandriskingaspill(溢出)，58toputthewholedumplinginyourmouth,lettingthehotsoupexplodeonyourtongue.Shanghaimaybethe59(recognize)homeofthesoupdumplingsbutfoodhistorianswillactuallypointyoutotheneighboringcanaltownofNanxiangasxiaolongbao’sbirthplace.Thereyouwillfindthemprepareddifferently—moredumplingandlesssoup,andthewrappersarepressed60handratherthanrolled.Nanxiangaside,thebestxiaolongbaohaveafineskin,allowingthem61(lift)outofthesteamerbasketwithouttearingorspillinganyof62(they)contents.Themeatshouldbefreshwith63touchofsweetnessandthesouphot,clearanddelicious.NomatterwhereIbuythem,onesteameris64(rare)enough,yettwoseemsgreedy,soIamalwaysleft65(want)morenexttime.

書面表達人與自我：給外教提口語練習分組建議