月8日完型填空思路方法

胸懷大局，瞻前顧后（完型一定要有。絕不可僅憑對(duì)單句的理解。不可以上來就進(jìn)去做題）20個(gè)空。1、一定要有明確的中心主線（+導(dǎo)向性、傾向性）高度“”全文基調(diào)一致2、總分結(jié)構(gòu)是最有利于線控制全文的。總分是完型的唯一基本結(jié)構(gòu)。把總述句中的詞畫出來，后文一定是對(duì)的分別展開。兩部分（如09年動(dòng)物實(shí)驗(yàn)+實(shí)驗(yàn)的對(duì)人類智力的思考）1and,andalso,or,neithernor,eitheror,notonly…butalso,likewise,similarly,equally,inthesameway,thatistosay,aswellas,same….as2alsothen,besidesadditionallyfurthermoremoreoverinaddition,whatismoreindeed3accordinglyconsequentlyinresponsetoonaccountofinthatnowthatgiven,…4onthecontrary=bycontrastnevertheless=nonetheless()ontheotherhand,unfortunay.infact(隱蔽轉(zhuǎn)折)5Though,although,despite,inspite7while,whereas,as/ratherthan,not…but89supposethat,supposingthat,providedthat/providingthat,whenwhenever方法+基礎(chǔ)：方法需要在基礎(chǔ)上起作用?；A(chǔ)：語法+詞匯語法不是會(huì)不會(huì)的問題，而2006年完型①ThehomelessmakeupagrowingpercentageofAmerica’spopulation.（非常重要，仔細(xì)發(fā)掘其中信息提示。 ）

前因關(guān)系。遞進(jìn)關(guān)系連詞中，前后說同一主體（一件事）→indeedVS前后說不同主體（兩件事）→furthermore?！縣omelessnesshasreachedsuchproportionsthatlocalernmentcan’tpossibly 意這回事。另外retain是“保留”的意思，最易排除。cope可以單用不接賓語或與with搭配接賓語）。②Tohelphomeless

（立，獨(dú)立是他們的目標(biāo)。要幫他們從不獨(dú)立向獨(dú)立這個(gè)層次發(fā)展。所以必填toward。如果填with的話后面必須是seekingindependence這類的達(dá)成目標(biāo)的行動(dòng)，而不是作為目標(biāo)、目的本身的independence）independence,thefederalernmentmustsupportjobtrainingprograms, （通過上下分句并列關(guān)系找線索，關(guān)鍵提示詞fundmore…,比原有的提高→raise,提高最低工資標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。如果是add,則應(yīng)該是addextraamounttheminimumwage,andfundmorelow-costhousing.③ 家對(duì)人數(shù)的估計(jì)從60萬到300萬，差別不小→大家的估測(cè)很不一致→不是每個(gè)人都對(duì)人數(shù)達(dá)成共識(shí)→Not。另外，hardly與everyone不搭配，正確搭配是hardlyanyone。。。=幾乎沒有人。。。）everyoneagreesonthenumbersofAmericanswhoarehomeless.④Estimates

doagreeondoAlthoughitisnotmystyle,Idolikethecolor).→顯然前后分句構(gòu)成輕微轉(zhuǎn)折:數(shù)matter:thatthenumberofthehomelessis growing,number只與increase搭配。expand指空間上的膨脹，inflate也指空間上的膨脹以及通貨膨脹，extend指空間和時(shí)間上以及抽象意義上的延伸延長(zhǎng)，number只能增長(zhǎng)，不能膨脹或延展）。⑥Oneofthe

predict）thatthenumberofthehomelesswillreachnearly19millionbytheendofthisdecade.⑦Findingways

， ，helpgrowing,第二段側(cè)重helphelpassist。）thisgrowinghomelesspopulationhaseincreasingly⑧11（still 部分時(shí)間在大街上…。Even…still，邏輯關(guān)系清晰。）whenhomelessindividualsmanagetofinda

為(無家可歸者的)，避難所，與無家可歸者對(duì)應(yīng)。而lodging為住所的一般說法，固定搭配boardandlodging膳宿；dwelling:住處，寓所，本來就不能與不定冠詞搭一傾向，為最佳選項(xiàng)】thatwillgivethemthreemealsadayand cetosleepnight,agoodnumberstillspendthebulkofeachday__13（theproblemisthatmanyhomelessadultsareaddictedtoalcoholordrugs.⑩Andasignificantnumberofthehomelesshaveseriousmentaldisorders.Many while）notaddictedormentallyill,simplylackthe

16（固定搭配,turnaround:使情況好轉(zhuǎn)）.BostonGlobereporterChrisReidynotesthesituationwillimproveonlywhenthere （ 本句和下句兩處：many,apackagedeal.需要一攬子措施才能讓現(xiàn)狀好轉(zhuǎn)→本空應(yīng)填“全面、綜合、配套”的同義詞→comprehensivecomplex _（正如某某所說：asputit.固定用法。EBas）EdwardBlotkowsk,directorofcommunityserviceatBentleyCollegeinMassachusetts,_

it.“Therehastobe

（apackagedeal,計(jì)劃→N個(gè)計(jì)劃要協(xié)調(diào)、統(tǒng)籌相互配合→coordination.A監(jiān)督，B、控制C規(guī)制、管理。一律偏離線索指向）ofprograms.Whatweneedisapackagedeal.”1.[A]Indeed[B]Likewise[C]Therefore[D]Furthermore2.[A]stand[B]cope[C]approve[D]retain3.[A]in[B]for[C]with[D]toward4.[A]raise[B]add[C]take[D]keep5.[A]generally[B]almost[C]hardly[D]not6.[A]cover[B]change[C]range[D]differ7.[A]Nowthat[B]Although[C]Provided[D]Exceptthat8.[A]inflating[B]expanding[C]increasing[D]extending9.[A]predicts[B]disys[C]proves[D]discovers10.[A]assist[B]track[C]sustain[D]dismiss11.[A]Hence[B]But[C]Even[D]Only12.[A]lodging[B]shelter[C]dwelling[D]house13.[A]searching[B]strolling[C]crowding[D]wandering14.[A]when[B]once[C]while[D]whereas15.[A]life[B]existence[C]survival[D]maintenance16.[A]around[B]over[C]on[D]up17.[A]complex[B]comprehensive[C]complementary[D]compensating18.[A]So[B]Since[C]As[D]Thus19.[A]puts[B]interprets[C]assumes20.[A]supervision[B]manipulation[C]regulation一．五大邏輯關(guān)系：對(duì)立（包括轉(zhuǎn)折、讓步、其他對(duì)立關(guān)系）列＞總分＞遞進(jìn)。（一）轉(zhuǎn)折 ，evenas，whileas，whilewhereas（然而、盡管）despite,inspiteaaaaadt，gnorng（onthecontrarybycontrast（相比之下，不能完全否定學(xué)習(xí)努力的事實(shí)，可能是睡過頭耽誤了考試本應(yīng)該能通過考試。后，But、andso（but，只能放在句中，不【but若出現(xiàn)在句首，是作副詞用。but表轉(zhuǎn)折時(shí)前面必須有一個(gè)分句才能提供它要轉(zhuǎn)折的Humansareoftenthoughttobeinsensitivesmellerscomparedwithanimals,1thisislargelybecause,2animals,westandupright.、③、though,though,….”2005Humansareoftenthoughttobeinsensitivesmellerscomparedwithanimals,……Infact,5,weareextremelysensitivetosmells,6wedonotgenerallyrealizeit.5.[A]anyway［B］though（然而）［C］instead［D］therefore【2005】解析：5，前后意思對(duì)立：可從insensitivesensitiveinfactinsteadHeisill，I'llonduty④、while與whereas的區(qū)別：while可以引導(dǎo)省略式的狀語從句，whereaswhilea.b.Thephenomenonprovidesawayforcompaniestoremaingloballycompetitive 48（省略了：thephenomenonis）avoidingmarketcycles…48.[A] [B] [C] [D]（二）因果關(guān)系（難點(diǎn)：必須分清－前因or前果后因，才可正確答題）【每年必（三）表示并列關(guān)系的詞 ，aslikeiswhil（similrl似地，meanwhile（。（四總分關(guān)系：（）【02-05.swf】forexample，forinstance，suchas，including考點(diǎn)：forexampleforinstance（，moreover（?！锟粗髡Z是人還是物 beimpressed ☆主語必須是物的動(dòng)詞：manifest例【1998－9】specialistshaveshowedtwothings(manifest)①看賓語是抽象名詞還是具體名詞enhancefeed、label、fastentightenof例題【2000－5feed(enhance)thesoil2001－32；significanttighteningoflegalcontrolsoverthepress】：例題【2001－20ensure（assure）guiltyverdicts sidewith sharewith confidetocreditsth.tosb.賓語既可以是人又可以是物的動(dòng)詞： agree根據(jù)主語和賓語的邏輯關(guān)系判定動(dòng)詞：[例題200118(weresaidtohavereceivedpaymentsfromlingtheirstoriestopapers)]；2004－10(changesintheeconomythatleadtofewerjobopportunities)；根據(jù)動(dòng)詞后的介詞以及介詞賓語做題2001－7,agreewith2001—45,beentitled2000－4oldagricultural名詞做主語時(shí)，謂語或表語就是線索名詞做賓語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞就是線索根據(jù)名詞前后介詞判斷名詞2004－4responsetoapproachto keyto answerto confidenceinconfidentofspecialistin attitudeto/toward researchinto bycontrast[2006－12]；needthe_A_thatcomesfromsuccessA. B.根據(jù)已有名詞判斷所選名詞2001－32003－13】 as例：Heishonest,asweknow. as例：Asweknow,heishonest. as…as、so…as、such…as、thesame…as例：Hehasmanybooks,whicharedisyedhere.Hehasasmanybooksasaredisyedhere.例：Hehasbeenmarried,asweexpect.Hehasbeenmarriedwhichisunexpected. 例：Iamtallerthanyou.Hedrinksmorewinethanisgoodforhis butthatnotwhonot例：Thereisnoonebuterrs.Thereisnoonethatdoesn’t 詳Researchonanimalinligencealwaysmakesmewonderjusthowsmarthumansare.（首句很重要，先讀透首句再做題。通過對(duì)動(dòng)物智力的研究好 排除observe觀察,imagine想象,suppose假定）thefruit-flyexperimentsdescribedinCarlZimmer’spieceintheScienceTimesonTuesday.Fruitflieswhoweretaughttobesmarterthantheaveragefruitfly2(tendtofear/threaten,happento律，)toliveshorterlives.Thissuggeststhat3（聰明的活得更短→笨一點(diǎn)的活得更長(zhǎng)→更暗的燈泡亮的時(shí)間更長(zhǎng)。Dim暗淡的比喻頭腦不聰明的）bulbsburnlonger,thatthereisan4（長(zhǎng)是好事，也就是智商劣權(quán)，長(zhǎng)短沒有優(yōu)先考慮的問題，是客觀規(guī)律）innotbeingtooterrificallybright.Inligence,it5（Itturnsoutthatinligenceisahigh-pricedoption=Inligence,itturnsout,isahigh-pricedoption.把itturnsout作為插 式）,isahigh-pricedoption.Ittakesmoreupkeep,burnsmoreand （從起跑線開始就慢→只有off能表示從起跑線出發(fā)那一瞬間的動(dòng)作趨勢(shì)thestartinglinebecauseitdependsonlearning—a process—insteadofinstinct.Plentyofotherspeciesareabletolearn,and oneofthethingsthey’veapparentlylearnediswhento （理解中心文意才能做對(duì)，inligence代價(jià)高→high-priced，消耗能量，又使短.所以要學(xué)會(huì)適可而止）Isthereanadaptivevalueto9（知道適可而止→有限，選limited呼 inligence?That’sthequestionbehindthisnewresearch.Iliket.Insteadofcastingawistfulglance10（leftinthedust，atallthespecieswe’veleftinthedustI.Q.-wise,itimplicitlyaskswhatthereal11（線索是本段的limited,high-option,本文中心在強(qiáng)調(diào)智力的代價(jià)→cost）ofourowninligencemightbe.Thisis12（擬人說法提示線索價(jià)是什么→選on,固定搭配，表示在頭腦中）themindofeveryanimalI’veevermet.Researchonanimalinligencealsomakesmewonderwhatexperimentsanimalswould13(考動(dòng)詞用法辨析，perform 配)onhumansiftheyhadthechance.Everycatwithanowner,14（cat作為動(dòng)物中的一種，顯然是舉例關(guān)系，選forinstance）,isrunningasmallscalestudyinoperantconditioning（操作性條件下）.Webelievethat15（would）animalsranthelabs,theywouldtestusto16（動(dòng)詞題線索是賓意這里也可以提示作為本段中心句的段首句adoptivevaluetolimitedinligence,ofourpatience,ourfaithfulness,ourmemoryforterrain.Theywouldtrytodecidewhatinligenceinhumansisreally17（不只是有多少，而是到底用來做什么→表目的或原因→whatfor符合要求）,notmerelyhowmuchofitthereis.18（邏輯銜接題。本題句構(gòu)成并列排比，theywouldhopetostudyaquestion“它們希望研究一個(gè)問題”，與前兩句Aboveall“首先，尤其是”符合題意theywouldhopetostudya19(aboveall提性的問題，且看下文的問題內(nèi)容是人類是否真正了解所生活的世界→基本的question:Arehu