實(shí)用翻譯第四周作業(yè)

sourcerevised5Evaluating（1（2“的證（3）受訓(xùn)者足夠的時(shí)間和空間同時(shí)也需要受訓(xùn)教師使得教師對(duì)培訓(xùn)內(nèi)容（4）消化不良，對(duì)培訓(xùn)內(nèi)容各部分之間的聯(lián)系也（5）不清楚。這樣看來(lái)，從培訓(xùn)師的書(shū)名一定要翻譯，因此將TeachersinAction翻譯為OneofthestatedaimsofTeachersinAction--onewhichIconsidercrucialinpromotinglearning--is'tohelpteacherstoselectrelevantgoalsmanagetheprocessof,andevaluate,theirlearningprofessionaldevelopment'.Theterm'evaluate'differentthingstodifferentpeople,sothedefinitionhighlightstheprincipalpurposesevaluationhasinthisbook:'tocollect同，下面的定義突出強(qiáng)調(diào)了本書(shū)之中“評(píng)估”systematicallyinordertoindicatetheworthormeritofprogrammeorproject...andtoinformdecision個(gè)項(xiàng)目的價(jià)值或優(yōu)點(diǎn)…從而為決策提供信(WeirandRoberts,1994:4).Collectinginformationthissenserequirestrainerstoprovidetimeandspaceonatrainingprogramme,aswellasdemanding的時(shí)間和空間同時(shí)也需要受訓(xùn)教師層greatdealofmentaleffortfromtheteachers.Fortheywillneedtostepbackfromwhatishappeningonbusyprogrammeinordertotakestockofitorpausethinkaboutalltheaspectsbeforedecidingwhattonext(althoughnaturallythisisnotallthatisinvolvedmakingsense).IFtrainersdonotprovideteachersopportunitiestoevaluatetheirlearningonainthewayoutlinedabove,theyruntheriskbombardingthemwithtoomuchmaterialforthemtotomakesenseofit,orseeconnectionsbetweenitscomponents.Inthisrespect,fromtheofatrainer,Iwouldprefertoconcentrateon,say,seventopicsonaprogrammeratherthansqueezinginten,butconsequentlybeabletoincludeinthetimetableplentyofopportunitiesfortheteacherstoevaluateanylearningfromtheseventopics.Figure5.1TheinvestigatingcycleinTeachersinActionThefirstsixtasksinChapter5providedifferentwaysofhelteacherstoevaluatetheirlearningwhileaprogrammeisinprogress,bothindividuallyandcollectively,whileTasks5.7and5.8encourageteacherstosharetheirlearningwithothers.Allthetaskshavetheirownspecificaimsandhelptoindicatetoteachersandtrainersthemeritofaprogramme,buttheyalso yhelptoinformdecision-making,whichcouldtakeoneofthefollowingforms:Helteachersandtrainerstodecidewhattodonextonaprogramme.Forexample,theymaybeencouragedtoidentifyaspecifictopicforfurtherinvestigation(seeFigure5.1).Theymayalsoselectspecific,relevant,effectivelearningstrategiesfortherestoftheprogramme,orindeedforafterit.Whileevaluatinglearning,trainers(andteachers)gainaccesstoparticipants'detailed,fascinatingandsometimessurprisinginsightsregardingaprogramme,aswellastotheidiosyncratic,5.75.8兩個(gè)活動(dòng)，能5.35.56.346.36如和所說(shuō)（1994：7-8）：“在培訓(xùn)過(guò)程中圖表5.1《教師在行動(dòng)》—書(shū)中“探5.75.8兩個(gè)活動(dòng)，能夠鼓勵(lì)教師相互之間對(duì)體話題而受到表?yè)P(yáng)（5.1)。也可能為該項(xiàng)（5.35.5中的數(shù)據(jù)，6.346.36部分中重現(xiàn)。根據(jù)表Itisdesignedforuseby翻譯為atmospheresurroundingit(see,forexample,thedataforTasks5.3and5.5,reproducedinSections6.34and6.36respectively).Suchinformationalsohelpstrainerstoconsiderandtakedecisionsconcerningspecificmodificationstothecontentandmethodologyoffuturetrainingprogrammes.Furthermore,andperhapsmostsignificantly,'ifteachersthemselvesareactivelyinvolvedinevaluatingtheirlearningasinthetasksinChapter5,thereisgreatgeneralexperientiallearningpotentialforthemasaresult,asassertedbyWeirandRoberts(1994:7-8):self-directedformativeevaluationisaformofteacherdevelopment,arguablyoneofthemosteffectiveformsifdoneconsistently,collaboratively. Thebenefitsforteachersofinvolvementinself-directedformativeevaluationareconsiderable,includingastheydoadeepeninganddevelopmentofteachers'perceptionsofclassroomevents,developmentsinpractice,improvedprofessionaldialoguewithpeers,andimprovedskillsandconfidenceinexploringandpresentingissuesofprofessionalconcern.Iftrainersencourageteacherstotakestockinthewaysdescribedhere,thenIbelievethattheyarealso,inasense,settingagoodexampletotheteacherspresentingeducating,teachingandlearningasanopen,flexible,constantlychangingprocess.Soonefurtheraimofthetasksinthischapteristoprovideteacherswith培訓(xùn)過(guò)程中的自我評(píng)估能夠深化發(fā)展對(duì)于課堂的感知能力、發(fā)展教課能力、與業(yè)務(wù)的能力、27642的正所說(shuō)“，教師在培訓(xùn)過(guò)程中的自我評(píng)估能夠深化發(fā)展對(duì)于課堂的感知能力展教能力務(wù)的能如果培訓(xùn)師鼓勵(lì)教師按照這種方式進(jìn)行opportunitytoexperiencetheevaluationoflearningfirsthandandtoconsiderpossibleapplicationstotheirownprofessionalpracticeinschools.Onefinalwordofwarning:trainersshouldusetheevaluationtasksinbook,orotherslikethem,sensitivelyandjudiciously,soparticipantsdonotsuffertoomuchfromwhatmightbecalledevaluation-itis!Task5.1Hasthistaskhelpedme/ustolearn?BACKGROUNDFORTHETRAINERThistaskincludesWorksheet42onp.Thistaskhelpsteacherstoreflectsystematicallyontheeffectivenessoftheirlearningonatrainingprogramme.ItisdesignedforusebyindividualsandgroupsofteachersaftertheyhavebeeninvolvedinanothertaskoractivityTeachersinAction,orindeedanotherdevisedbyatrainer.TASKtoencourageteacherstoevaluateataskbyreflectingaboutwhether,how,orwhatithashelpedthemtolearntohelpteacherstoidentifyfurthertopicsforAllowatleast20minutesforthis1Exinthatyouwanttheteacherstoevaluatethetaskoractivitythatthegrouphasbeeninvolvedin.Ifappropriate,youmaybrieflyreferto根據(jù)第（12）42單進(jìn)行現(xiàn)在的評(píng)估。4210分鐘。4.1這項(xiàng)活動(dòng)涉及第276頁(yè)的第42單quotation(s)fromtheIntroductiontothischapteronthepurposeofevaluation,toexinwhyyouthinkthisisimportant.Forexample,theaimofthistaskis'tocollectinformationsystematicallyinordertoindicatetheworthormeritofaprogrammeorTheoriginalaim(s)fortheactualtaskoractivityinquestionwillprovidealogicalstartingpointfortheevaluation.Referteacherstotheaimasstatedinthebook,andwriteitontheblackboard.FollowtheinstructionsonWorksheet42.Theteacherscompletetheworksheetfromaal--eitherathomeorinthetrainingsession.Allowapproximay10minutesforthis.Note:insteadofusingallthequestionsontheworksheet,youmaywishtoselectonlythoserelevanttoyourgroup,andwritethemontheblackboardforteacherstofocuson.Oryoumaywishtomakeupyourownquestionsbasedonthoseshownonthe4.1Whentheteachershavecompletedtheirworksheet,askthemtoworkinpairstocomparetheirresponses,allowingaboutfiveminutesforthis.Note:optionally,anddependingonthetimeavailable,youmayasktheteacherstogiveyouthecompletedworksheetstotakeawayandallowingyoutorespondtotheminwritingin的培訓(xùn)課堂中，需要把表單回發(fā)給受訓(xùn)教致意見(jiàn)并且明接下對(duì)表4.2群或小組評(píng)估他們的話題。以你個(gè)人的習(xí)慣可鼓勵(lì)師個(gè)按照自開(kāi)展討論。3.根據(jù)第42單進(jìn)行現(xiàn)在的估。要求教師從個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)發(fā)，完成第42——可以在家里完10分鐘。5分spaceprovidedontheworksheet.Inasubsequentsession,returnthemtotheteachersandproceedassuggestedbelow.Itisalsoimportanttoagreeonwhattodowiththeworksheetsbeforetheteacherscompletethem.4.2Withtheaimofhelteacherstoidentifyfurthertopicsforinvestigating,in