2018屆嘉定高三英語(yǔ)二模試卷

2017學(xué)年度嘉定區(qū)高三年級(jí)第二次質(zhì)量調(diào)研

英語(yǔ)試卷

（滿分140分）

I.ListeningComprehension

SectionA

Directions:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.

spokenonlyonce.

Attheendofeach

conversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbe

Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswerson

B.Heisexhausted.

D.Heisdisappointed.

B.Attendtheparty.

D.Takethefinalexam.

yourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.

1.A.Heisangry.

C.Heishungry.

2.A.Gooverhislessons.

C.Eatoutwithfriends.

3.A.Sheismostlikelytobearrested.

C.Shemayhavelostherdriverlicense.

4.A.Billistakingatest.

C.Billalwaysfailstests.

5.A.Makearecoveryplan.

B.Shehasforgottentocallthepolice.

D.Sheislyingtothepoliceoffice.

B.MumwillprobablyrewardBill.

D.MumisworriedaboutBill'stest.

B.Gobacktowork.

D.Quitherpresentjob.

B.Sheofferedhimanextraroom.

C.Dropoutofschool.

6.A.Shegavehimalifthomeagain.

C.Shetreatedhimwellatherhome.

D.Shesparedmuchtimeforhim.

7.A.Shedoesn'thavetimetofindanewflat.

B.Shehasnotpaidenoughrentinadvance.

C.She'sunlikelytogiveuptheniceflat.

D.Shewantstodecoratetheflatintheholiday.

8.A.Extremesports.

C.Bungeejumping.

B.Travelinsurance.

D.Divingsafety.

B.Sheappreciatesotherkindsofmusicals.

9.A.ShelikesPhillips'singingverymuch.

C.Sheprefersthechangesofhismusicals.

10.A.Americanstudentsaretootalkativeinclass.

B.ItishardtolearnalotinanAmericanschool.

D.SheadmiresothersingersmorethanPhillips.

C.Onecanjoininschoolingindifferentways.

D.Activeparticipationisgreatlyencouraged.

SectionB

Directions:InSectionB,youwillhearseverallongerconversation(s)andshortpassage(s),andyouwillbe

askedseveralquestionsoneachoftheconversation(s)andthepassage(s).Theconversation(s)andthe

passage(s)willbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthe

fourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.

高三英語(yǔ)試卷第1頁(yè)共11頁(yè)

Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

11.A.Oneshouldwaitforthingstohappenbeforeworrying.

B.Oneshouldremainsilentwhenthingsaregettinghard.

C.Oneshouldtrytotakecontrolofthedifficultsituation.

D.Oneshouldturntootherpeopleforinstanthelp.

12.A.Bymotivatinghimselftotakeaction.

C.Bythinkingofthemeaningoflife.

B.Byseekinghelpfromhisfriends.

D.Bytakinggoodcareofhimself.

13.A.Lifeisnotalwayspeacefulanditisfullofdeadlyaccidents.

B.Keepapositiveattitudeandfocusonsurvivalwhateverhappens.

C.Excellentequipmentistheessentialfactorinsurvivingcrises.

D.Bereadytogetimmediateassistancewhenlostinthejungle.

Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

14.A.In1969.

B.In2012.

C.In1976.

D.In2016.

15.A.SuggestedcreatingauniversityofscienceandtechnologyinEgypt.

B.HelpedmanyEgyptianscientiststobeawardedtheNobelPrize.

C.HadclosecooperationwiththeUniversityofCaliforniaintheU.S..

D.ProvidedexcellentEgyptianstudentswithmorefinancialsupport.

16.A.ForhisrelationshipwithEgyptianPresident.

B.Forhisacademicperformanceintechnology.

C.ForhisgoodserviceintheEgyptianArmy.

D.ForhisoutstandingcontributionstoEgypt.

Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.

17.A.Itoffersdifferentopinionsonoldage.

B.Itisabouthowtokeephealthyinoldage.

C.Itinvestigatescausesoftheagingproblems.

D.Itrevealsthesecretoflivinglonger.

18.A.Theoldarethoughttobehealthybutlonely.

B.Theoldarereportedtobepoorbuthappy.

C.Theoldareregardedasanunattractivegroup.

D.Theoldareconsidereddangeroustothesociety.

19.A.Theyareeasytofalldownwithseriousillness.

B.Theyenjoytravelingandgettingnewexperiences.

C.Theyaredifficulttoberecognizedduetothechanges.

D.They'venomorementalproblemsthanthemiddleaged.

20.A.Raisepeople'sawarenesstocarefortheold.

B.Helppeopletaketheirresponsibilitiesfortheold.

C.Changepeople'sattitudetowardstheoldage.

D.Easepeople'sfearandanxietyaboutoldage.

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II.GrammarandVocabulary

SectionA

Directions:

Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentand

grammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegiven

word;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.

StephenHawking:Science'sBrightestStar

HisfamilyreleasedastatementintheearlyhoursofWednesdaymorningconfirminghisdeathathis

homeinCambridge.

Hawking'schildren,Lucy,RobertandTim,saidinastatement:"Wearedeeplysaddenedthatourbeloved

fatherpassedawaytoday.Hewasagreatscientistandanextraordinaryman(21)______workandlegacywill

liveonformanyyears."

Forfellowscientistsandlovedones,itwasHawking'sintuitionandwickedsenseofhumor(22)______

markedhimoutasmuchasthefierceintellectthat,coupledwithhisillness,cametosymbolize(23)______

unboundedpossibilitiesofthehumanmind.

HawkingwasdriventoWagner,butnotthebottle,whenhe(24)______(diagnose)withmotorneurone

diseasein1963attheageof21.Doctorsexpectedhim(25)______(live)foronlytwomoreyears.But

Hawkinghadaformofthediseasethatprogressedmoreslowlythanusual.Hesurvivedformorethanhalfa

century.

Hawkingonceestimatedheworkedonly1,000hoursduringhisthreeundergraduateyearsatOxford.In

hisfinals,hecameclose(26)______afirst-andsecond-classdegree.(27)______(convince)thathewasseen

asadifficultstudent,hetoldhisexaminersthatiftheygavehimafirsthewouldmovetoCambridgetopursue

hisPhD.Awardasecondandhethreatenedtostay.Theyoptedforafirst.

Thosewholiveintheshadowofdeathareoftenthosewholivemost.ForHawking,theearlydiagnosisof

histerminaldisease,and(28)______(witness)thedeathfromleukemiaofaboyheknewinhospital,aroused

afreshsenseofpurpose."(29)______therewasacloudhangingovermyfuture,Ifound,tomysurprise,that

Iwasenjoyinglifeinthepresentmorethanbefore.Ibegantomakeprogresswithmyresearch,"heoncesaid.

Takinguphiscareerinearnest,hedeclared:"Mygoalissimple.Itisacompleteunderstandingoftheuniverse,

whyitis(30)______itisandwhyitexistsatall."

SectionB

Directions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.

Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.

Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.analysis

G.cloudy

B.usually

H.absent

C.assures

D.pours

J.allow

E.developmentF.necessary

K.extremely

I.cultivate

HeIsKindly

TheothereveningatadancingclubayoungmanintroducedmetoMr.andMrs.F.ScottFitzgerald,and

ScottseemedtohavechangedalotfromthefirsttimeImethimatPrinceton,whenhewasaneager

undergraduatetryinghisbestto

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himselfintoagreatauthor.Heisstilltryinghardtobeagreat

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author.Heisatworknowonanovelwhichhiswife

likemostofouryoungernovelists,hefindsit

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meisfarbetterthanThisSideofParadise,but

toproduceacertainnumberofshortstoriestomake

thewheelsgoaround.ThatTheVegetable,hisplay,didnotreceiveaManhattanpresentationseemstohave

disappointedratherthandiscouragedhim.Heisstill

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light-hearted.

Ihavealwaysconsideredhimthemostbrilliantofouryoungernovelists.Notoneofthemcantouchhis

style,northesuperbqualityofhissatire(諷刺).Hehasyettoputtheminanovelwithcarefulnessof

conceptionand

characterwill

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36.

ofcharacter.Hecanbecomealmostanykindofwriterthathispeculiarlyrestless

BorninSt.Paul,heattendedPrinceton,servedintheArmy,wrotehisfirstnovelinatrainingcamp,

achievedfameandfortune,marriedaSoutherngirl,hasachildandlivesinNewYork.Atheart,heisoneof

thekindliestoftheyoungerwriters.ArtistrymeansagreatdealtoF.ScottFizgerald,andintohisownbest

workhe

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greatefforts.Hedemandsthisintheworkofothers,andwhenhedoesnotfindithe

38.

criticizeswithpassionateearnestness.Ihaveknownhim,afterreadingayoungfellow-novelist'sbook,totake

whatmusthavebeenhoursoftimetowritehimalengthy,careful

Justwhathewillwriteinthefutureremains

39.Withafirmerreputationthanthatoftheother

youngpeople,heyetseemstometohaveachievedratherlessthanRobertNathanandrathermorethan

StephenVincentBenet,CyrilHume.Hiscomingnovelshouldmeanadefinitepredictionforfuturework.Itis

tobehopedthatfromitwillbe

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theseeminglyunavoidablemoderngirls.

III.ReadingComprehension

SectionA

Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.

Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.

StandardsforSchools:DevelopingOrganizationalAccountability(績(jī)效)

Qualityteachingdependsonnotjustteachers'knowledgeandskillsbutontheenvironmentinwhichthey

work.Schoolsneedtoofferacoherentcurriculumfocusedonhigher-orderthinkingandperformanceacross

subjectareasandgrades,timeforteacherstowork

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withstudentstoaccomplishchallenginggoals,

opportunitiesforteacherstoplanwithandlearnfromoneanother,andregularoccasionstoevaluatethe

outcomesoftheir

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Ifschoolsaretobecomemoreresponsible,theymust,likeotherprofessionalorganizations,make

evaluationandassessmentpartoftheireverydaylives.Justashospitalshavestandingcommitteesofstaffthat

meetregularlytolookatevaluationdataanddiscussthe

practiceandeffectiveness.

AsRichardRothsteinandcolleaguesdescribeinGradingEducation:GettingAccountabilityRight,

school-levelaccountabilitycanbesupportedbyschool

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ofeachaspectoftheirwork-apractice

reinforcedbytheiraccreditation(評(píng)定)requirements,-schoolsmusthaveregularoccasionstoexaminetheir

44,likethosecommoninmanyothernations,in

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46

samplesof

lookingat

whichtrainedexpertsevaluateschoolsbyspendingseveraldaysvisitingclassrooms,

studentwork,andinterviewingstudentsabouttheirunderstandingandtheirexperiences,

objectivedatasuchastestscores,graduationrates,andsoon.Insomecases,principalsaccompanythe

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inspectorsintoclassroomsandareaskedfortheirownevaluationsofthelessons.Inthisway,theinspectors

areabletomake

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abouttheinstructionalandsupervisorycompetence(能力)ofprincipals.As

describedearlier,inspectorsmayalsoplayaroleinensuringthe

HongKong).

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andcomparabilityofschool-based

assessments(asinEnglandandAustralia),aswellasschool'sinternalassessmentandevaluationprocess(asin

Inmostcountries'inspectionsystems,schoolsareratedonthequalityofinstructionandotherservices

andsupports,aswellasstudents'

workplaceskillsandthe

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49

andprogressinawiderangeofaspects,includingandgoing

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beyondacademicsubjectareas,suchasextra-curricular,personalandsocial

,theacquisitionof

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53

.

towhichstudentsareencouragedtoadoptsafepracticesanda

lifestyle.Schoolsareratedastowhethertheypassinspection,needmodestimprovements,orrequireserious

intervention(介入),andtheyreceiveextensivefeedbackonwhattheinspectorsbothsawand

Reportsarepubliclyposted.Schoolsrequiringinterventionarethengivenmoreexpert

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andsupport,

andareplacedonamorefrequentscheduleofvisits.Thosethatpersistentlyfailtopassmaybeplacedunder

localgovernmentcontrolandcouldbe

41.A.occasionally

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iftheyarenotimproved.

C.strictly

B.closely

D.peacefully

D.practices

D.requirements

D.consideration

D.copying

D.aswellas

42.A.challenges

43.A.effectiveness

44.A.instruction

45.A.taking

46.A.asfaras

B.competence

B.faults

C.curriculum

C.progress

B.protection

B.improving

B.ratherthan

C.inspection

C.examining

C.otherthan

C.inquiries

C.instruction

C.attention

C.resources

C.satisfaction

47.A.judgments

48.A.quantity

49.A.education

50.A.responsibility

B.decisions

B.quality

D.suggestions

D.support

D.interest

D.benefits

D.extent

D.unique

D.rewarded

D.explanations

D.pulleddown

B.performance

B.structure

B.consistence

B.healthy

51.A.frequency

52.A.comparable

53.A.appreciated

54.A.attention

55.A.setdown

C.different

C.recommended

C.evaluation

C.closeddown

B.criticized

B.programs

B.putdown

SectionB

Directions:

Readthefollowingthreepassages.

Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsor

unfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.

Choosetheonethat

fitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.

(A)

EyeScanTechnologyComestoSchools

ABCNews:ParentswhowanttopickuptheirkidsatschoolinoneNewJerseydistrictnowcansubmit

toiris(虹膜)scans,asthetechnologythathelpskeepournation'sairportsandhotelssafebeginstomakeits

wayfurtherintoAmericanlives.

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TheFreeholdBoroughSchoolDistrictlaunchedthishigh-techsecurity

systemonMondaywithfundingfromtheDepartmentofJusticeaspartofa

theadultprovidesadriver'sonthesystem'seffectiveness.

study

Whenpickingupachild,

licenseandthensubmitstoan

Asmanyasfouradultscanbeauthorizedtopickupeachchildinthe

eyescan.Iftheirisimage

camerarecognizeshisorher

district,butinordertobeauthorizedtocomeintoschool,theywillbe

askedtoregisterwiththedistrict'sirisrecognitionsecurityandvisitor

eyes,thedoorclicksopen.

managementsystem.Atthispoint,theNewJerseyprogramisnotamust.

Ifsomeonetriestoslipinbehindanauthorizedperson,thesystemcausesanalarmandredflashinglights

inthefrontoffice.Theentireprocesstakesjustseconds.

ThiskindoftechnologyisalreadyatworkinairportsaroundthecountrylikeOrlandoInternational

Airport,wheretheprogramhasbeeninoperationsinceJuly.Ithas12,000subscriberswhopay$79.95forthe

convenienceofsubmittingtoirisscansratherthangoingthroughlengthysecuritychecks.

Anirisscanissaidtobemoreaccuratethanafingerprintbecauseitrecords240uniquedetails—farmore

thantheseventotwenty-fourdetailsthatareanalyzedinfingerprints.Thechancesofbeingmisidentifiedby

anirisscanareaboutonein1.2millionandjustonein1.44trillionifyouscanbotheyes.

PhilMeara,theFreeholdDistrictofficial,saidthatalthoughitwasexpensive,theprogramwouldhelp

schoolsacrossthecountrymoveintoanewfrontierinchildprotection."Thisisallpartofalargeremphasis,

hereinNewJersey,onschoolsafety,"hesaid."Wechosethisschoolbecausewewerelookingforatypical

slightlyurbanschooltolaunchthesystem."

Mearaappliedfora$369,000grantonbehalfoftheschooldistrictandhadtheeyescannersinstalledin

twogrammarschoolsandonemiddleschool.Sofar,300ofthenearly1,500individualsavailabletopickupa

studentfromschoolhaveregisteredfortheeyescansystem.

56.WhydoestheFreeholdBoroughSchoolDistrictadopttheeyescansecuritysystem?

A.Toensuretheschoolsafetyandefficiencyofpickingupchildren.

B.ToencouragemorestudentstoregisterinNewJerseyurbanschools.

C.Totesttheeffectivenessofschoolsecurityandmanagementsystem.

D.Tocollecttheinformationofthechildrenandtheirbelovedparents.

57.Whatmakestheeyescansystemmoreaccuratethanthefingerprintsystem?

A.Processingthedataoftheauthorizedpeoplefaster.

B.Identifyingthedataoftheadultstopickupchildren.

C.Submittingthedataoftheauthorizedpeopleconveniently.

D.Providingfarmoreuniquedetailsoftheauthorizedones.

58.HowdoesPhilMearahelptoprotectthesafetyofchildren?

A.Byaskingpeopletoregisterwiththesecuritysystem.

B.Byapplyingforgranttoinstalleyescannersinschools.

C.Byaskingthedepartmentofjusticetofundthisprogram.

D.ByturningtoOrlandoInternationalAirportforhelp.

59.Theeyescansystemcanbebestdescribedas__________________________.

A.safeandcheap

B.portableanduseful

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C.smartandaccurate

D.popularandhelpful

(B)

SeniorManagerMajorGiftFundraising&SpecialProjects

BlindVeteransUKisthenationalcharityhelpingblindex-servicemenandwomenleadindependentand

fulfillinglives.Weofferblindveteransaccesstothehighestqualityofservicestohelpthemdiscoverlife

beyondsightloss.Wehaveanexcitingopportunityforaninnovativeandresourcefulindividualtojoinour

PartnershipsteambasedatourheadquartersinLondon.TheteamfocusesonsecuringdonationsfromHNWIs,

TrustsandCompanies.ThisrolefocusesonsecuringsupportfromHNWIs.Thespecialprojectsaspectofthe

rolerelatestoannualactivitiesthatofferanopportunitytodeveloprelationshipswiththetargetaudience.

Wearelookingforanexperiencedindividualwithasoundtrackrecordinthefollowingareas:

?

?

?

?

?

?

Identifyingprospectswiththecapacityandtendencytosupport

Developingandimplementingcultivationandmarketingstrategies

Managingadocumentofcurrentaswellasprospectivemajordonors

Planninganddrivingpeertopeerfundraising

Organizingpromotionevents

Deliveringagainstapersonaltargetandteamtargets

Thesuccessfulcandidatewillalsohavesomepeoplemanagementexperienceandanexpertinmajorgift

fundraisingprocesseswillbeconsideredaspriority.

Inreturnforyourtalent,weoffercompetitiveconditionsofserviceandaconduciveenvironment.To

apply,pleasesendyouruptodateCVandSupportingStatementofnotmorethan500wordstoRecruitment.

Ldn@.uk,outlininghowyourskillsandexperiencemeetthepersonspecification.

Interviewdate:Weekstartingfrom26March2018

PleasenoteonlyapplicantswhosubmitaCVwithasupportingstatementwillbeconsidered.

Duetothehighnumberofenquiriesandapplicationswereceiveforourvacancieswedon'tacknowledge

eachone-ifyouhaven'theardfromuswithinaweekoftheclosingdate,pleaseassumethatwewon'tbe

invitingyouforaninterview.Youare,ofcourse,welcometotryagainifasuitablepostcomesup.Weare

unabletoprovidefeedbacktocandidatesnotshortlistedforinterview.

60.Thepassageismainlywrittento____________.

A.invitepeopletojointhefundraisingevents

C.informtheblindveteransofmoneyservice

B.seektherightpersontobeSeniorManager

D.attracttheinterestofpotentialdonors

61.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementisTRUE?

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A.Theapplicationfailsifoneisn'tinformedbefore26March.

B.Theapplicationshouldincludealengthypersonalstatement.

C.Alltheapplicantswillreceiveaninvitationbeforeinterview.

D.Theapplicantsshouldsendhisapplicationwhenheisfree.

62.Whatexperienceismostlikelytohelpacandidatestandout?

A.Peoplemanagementexperience.

C.Peertopeerfundraisingexperience.

B.Annulactivitiesexperience.

D.Large-scalefundraisingexperience.

(C)

Asbusinessesandgovernmentshavestruggledtounderstandtheso-calledmillennials—bornbetween

roughly1980and2000—onefrequentconclusionhasbeenthattheyhaveauniqueloveofcities.A

deep-seatedpreferencefornightlifeandsubways,thethinkinggoes,hasdriventheprosperityofurbancores

acrosstheU.S.overthelastdecade-plus.

Butthere'smountingevidencethatmillennials'loveofcitieswasonlyapassingfling(放縱).Millennials

don'tlovecitiesanymorethanpreviousgenerations.

ThelatestargumentcomesfromDowellMyers,anurbanplanningprofessoratUSC.Astheyage,says

Myers,millennials'presenceincities,will"beevaporating...throughourfingers,ifwedon'tmakesome

plansnow."That'sbecausemillennials'preferenceforcitieswillfadeastheystartfamiliesandbecomemore

establishedintheircareers.

It'saboutmorethanaging,though.DemographerWilliamFreyhasbeenarguingforyearsthat

millennialshavebecome'stuck'incitiesbythe2008downturnandthefollowingslowrecovery,withpoorjob

prospectsanddecliningwagesmakingitharderforthemtoaffordtobuyhomesinsuburbia.

Myers,too,saysobservershaveconfusedyoungpeople'spresenceincitieswithapreferenceforcities.

Surveydatashowsthatmoremillennialswouldliketobelivinginthesuburbsthanactuallyare.Butthe

normalcareerandfamilycyclesmovingyoungpeoplefromcitiesintosuburbanhouseshavebecome,in

Myers'words,"apluggedupdrain

."

Butunemploymenthasfinallyreturnedtohealthylows(thoughparticipationratesandwagesarestill

largelydepressing),whichMyerssaysshouldfinallyincreasemobilityformillennials.

Othertrendsamongmillennials,supposedlymattersoflifestylepreference,havealreadyturnedoutto

havebeendrivenmostlybyeconomics.Whatwasonceconsideredtheirbroadpreference

laterhavebeenstressedastoday'syoungpeoplestruggleforfinancialstability.

forpublictransit

mayhavealwaysbeenanow-reversinginabilitytoaffordcars.Evendecades-longtrendstowardsmarrying

Investorsarealreadytakingtheideathatmillennialswillreturntooldbehaviorpatternsseriously,putting

moremoneyintoautomanufacturersanddevelopers.Buturbanlifestyles,uptoandincludingtrendybars,

aren'tjustmodern—they'reapartofwhatpowersacity'seconomicengines,bringingpeopletogetherto

explorenewideas,createcompanies,andbuildcareers.

Fromthe1960stothe1990s,wesawthatsuburbanizationalsomeansaneconomicandsocialhollowing

outforcities.Nowthattheeconomicrestrictionsarecomingofftoday'syoungcityresidents,citiesthatwant

tostayvibranthavetofigureouthowtoconvincethem—andtheirgrowingfamilies—tostickaround.

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63.Overthelastdecade,whatisthoughttohaveensuredtheprosperityofthecity?

A.Fasteconomicdevelopment.

C.Convenientpublictransport.

B.Around-the-clockclubservices.

D.Well-establishedcareers.

64.WhyareMillennialsabouttoleavecity?

A.Itistooexpensiveforthemtobuyapartmentincities.

B.Theyfinditdifficulttoseekagoodjobincities.

C.Itiseasiertogetmarriedmovingtothesuburban.

D.Theyaremoreconfidentwiththeireconomicsituation.

65.WhatdoestheauthormeanquotingMyer's"apluggedupdrain

"(para5)?

A.Millennialsarereluctanttoleaveattractivecities.

B.Millennialsarestoppedfrommovingtothesuburbs.

C.Millennialsareunwillingtobecutofffromthesuburban.

D.Millennialsareafraidofanothereconomicdecline.

66.Howdoestheauthorfeelaboutthesuburbanization?

A.Asignofstablefinance.

B.Agrowthofhealthissues.

C.Aconflictofnewideas.

D.Alossofmodernlife.

SectionC

Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.

Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Each

sentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.

A.Someexpertsthinkthatthewealthgainedfromtradeallowedforsuchleisureinsportsandthearts.

B.Expertsbelievethatakingandmostlyafemalepriestruledthegovernmentandcontrolledtrade.

C.InancientGreekmyths,Minoansocietywasquiteprosperousandhighlycivilized.

D.ThepalacethatEvansunearthedacenturyagowasthefirstproofofMinoanculture.

E.Minoanculturedidn'texistbeforeuntilArthurEvansdiscoveredthepalaceundertheearth.

F.Althoughnotyetdecoded,writtenscriptonclaytabletsappearstolisttradeaccounts.

TheMinoans:AForgottenPeople

ThefirstadvancedcultureinancientGreecewastheMinoanculture.Forthousandsofyears,knowledge

ofthesepeoplesurvivedonlyinGreekmyths.Inthelate19thcentury,archaeologistsbegantounearthruins.

ThisinspiredArthurEvanstobegindiggingontheislandofCretenearmainlandGreece.OnadiginKbossos,

Evansfoundanancientpalace.ExpertsthinkthatitwasthepalaceofKingMinos,acentralfigureinmany

Greekmyths.

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Minoanculture.

Withhisteam,heuncoveredavaststructure,variedworksof

art,andmanyhieroglyphicrecords.Thesefinds,togetherwithlaterfinds,compriseallthatexpertsknowabout

Fromtheevidenceexpertsgathered,itisclearthattheMinoanswereaheadoftheirtime.Thepalaceat

Knossoswasfivefloorshighwithhundredsofrooms.Buildingsthroughouttheancientcityhadplumbingand

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flushtoilets.Stonepavementlinedthesurfacesoftheroads.Inaddition,theMinoanspossessedahighly

developednavalfleetforlong-distancetrade.

centralroleofcommerceinculture.

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Theserecordsconfirmthe

ExpertanalysisoftheevidencealsooffersinsightintosomeaspectsofMinoansociety.

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andmanyfemalegods.

AnunusualfeatureofMinoansculturewasthepursuitofleisureinterests.Sportandvisualartswere

Ruinsandartworksuggestthatpeopleofallclassesenjoyedahigh

degreeofsocialandgenderequality.ReligiousiconsshowthatMinoansworshipedbulls,thenaturalworld,

centraltoMinoanlife.Boxingandbulljumping,asportinwhichplayersjumpedoverlivebulls,werepopular.

Althoughbulljumpingmayhaveservedsomeritualpurpose,expertsbeliev