考研英語(yǔ)長(zhǎng)難句解讀(優(yōu)質(zhì))

1/11考研英語(yǔ)長(zhǎng)難句解讀(優(yōu)質(zhì))1.Despite?attempts?by?the?Chuch?to?stop?suppress?this?new?generation?of?logicians?and?rationalists，more?explorations?for?how?the?universe?functioned?were?being?made?at?a?rate?that?people?could?no?longer?ignore.?

解析：句子主干：more?explorations?were?being?made?at?a?rate(主+謂+狀語(yǔ)，被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))。修飾成分：despite?attempts?by?the?Chuch?to?stop?suppress?this?new?generation?of?logicians?and?rationalists是短語(yǔ)作句首讓步狀語(yǔ)，其中to?stop?suppress?this?new?generation?of?logicians?and?rationalists表示目的；for?how?the?universe?functioned是介詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)，修飾explorations，其中介詞for?后how?the?universe?functioned是賓語(yǔ)從句，that?people?could?no?longer?ignore是修飾rate的定語(yǔ)從句，that在從句中作賓語(yǔ)。翻譯：盡管教堂做出許多嘗試去壓制新一代的邏輯學(xué)家和理性主義者，但是更多對(duì)于宇宙是如何運(yùn)作的探索正在以人們難以忽視的速度進(jìn)行著。2.SuchactionstoseekknowledgeandtounderstandwhatinformationwealreadyknewwerecapturedbytheLatinphrase'sapereaude'or'daretoknow'.

解析：句子主干：SuchactionswerecapturedbytheLatinphrase'sapereaude'or'daretoknow'.

(主+謂+賓，被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))修飾成分：toseekknowledgeandtounderstandwhatinformationwealreadyknew是and并列的兩個(gè)todo短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)，修飾actions，其中whatinformationwealreadyknew是動(dòng)詞后面的賓語(yǔ)從句。翻譯：這些探索知識(shí)并且理解已知信息的行為可以用拉丁文“Sapereaude”或英文“daretoknow(勇于求知)”描述。3.TheFederalcircuitissuedanunusualorderstatingthatthecasewouldbeheardbyall12ofthecourt’sjudges,ratherthanatypicalpanelofthree,andthatoneissueitwantstoevaluateiswhetheritshould“reconsider”itsstatestreetBankruling.單詞：issuev.發(fā)布judgen.法官evaluatev.評(píng)估解析：對(duì)于這種長(zhǎng)難句，難點(diǎn)之一就在于它太長(zhǎng)了，所以為了方便理解，接下來(lái)我們就應(yīng)該去對(duì)它進(jìn)行斷句，當(dāng)然斷句并不是按照我們想當(dāng)然來(lái)斷句的而是有一定得標(biāo)志，所以第一步即是找標(biāo)志，段長(zhǎng)句，其中存在的非常天然的一個(gè)標(biāo)志即是標(biāo)點(diǎn)，然后連詞，最后短語(yǔ)，并且斷句還等滿(mǎn)足一個(gè)長(zhǎng)度適中，結(jié)構(gòu)完整的原則，先看第一個(gè)逗號(hào)這里斷了，符合結(jié)構(gòu)完整，長(zhǎng)度適中;第二個(gè)逗號(hào)這斷一下，結(jié)構(gòu)完整，長(zhǎng)度適中。所以可以斷句為：①TheFederalcircuitissuedanunusualorderstatingthatthecasewouldbeheardbyall12ofthecourt’sjudges,//②ratherthanatypicalpanelofthree,//③andthatoneissueitwantstoevaluateiswhetheritshould“reconsider”itsstatestreetBankruling.抓主干，識(shí)從句。①是一個(gè)有從句的句子，主句是從the到that前，主語(yǔ)TheFederalcircuit,謂語(yǔ)issued，賓語(yǔ)unusualorder，后面stating作伴隨狀語(yǔ)，后that從句放在動(dòng)詞stating的后面，為賓語(yǔ)從句，沒(méi)有需要調(diào)整語(yǔ)序的，順譯即可；②ratherthan引導(dǎo)并列，atypicalpanelofthree和前面的all12ofthecourt’sjudges并列;③句，and后連接that從句，往前確定并列，和前面的stating后的that從句并列作為賓語(yǔ)，從句是主系表的結(jié)構(gòu)，主語(yǔ)oneissueitwantstoevaluate，這里面出現(xiàn)了N+N+V結(jié)構(gòu)，定語(yǔ)從句that的省略，oneissue(that)itwantstoevaluate，定語(yǔ)按照小8原則翻譯到修飾對(duì)象issue前，系動(dòng)詞is，表語(yǔ)whether引導(dǎo)的從句充當(dāng);第三步，調(diào)語(yǔ)序；翻譯：聯(lián)邦巡回法院發(fā)布了一條不同尋常的命令，要求該案例由12名法院法官聽(tīng)審而不是一個(gè)典型的三人小組，并且他們想要評(píng)估法院書(shū)否應(yīng)該重新考慮道富銀行的裁決。4.Socialpsychologistshaveamassedoceansofresearchintowhattheycallthe“aboveaverageeffcect”,or“illusorysuperiority,”andshownthat,forexample,70%ofusrateourselvesasaboveaverageinleadership,93%indrivingand85%atgettingonwellwithothersallabviouslystatisticallyimpossibility.解析：這句話(huà)整體上是簡(jiǎn)單句謂語(yǔ)并列，大句子主語(yǔ)是“Socialpsychologists”，謂語(yǔ)是“haveamassed”和“shownthat”并列?！癶aveamassed”的賓語(yǔ)是“oceansofresearch”，之后是介詞短語(yǔ)“into+what...superiority’”作定語(yǔ)修飾“research”，其中what引導(dǎo)的從句是介詞into的賓語(yǔ)從句，賓語(yǔ)從句中they作主語(yǔ)，call作謂語(yǔ)，后面的the“aboveaverageeffcect”,or“illusorysuperiority,”是賓語(yǔ)，兩個(gè)短語(yǔ)是并列關(guān)系，因?yàn)槭且茫梢苑g為“高于平均效應(yīng)”或“虛幻的優(yōu)越感”。后半句話(huà)中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞shown后面接的是賓語(yǔ)從句，賓語(yǔ)從句中是多個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句并列，其中后面兩個(gè)個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句有省略。賓語(yǔ)從句中第一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句70%ofusrateourselvesasaboveaverageinleadership，主語(yǔ)是70%ofus，謂語(yǔ)是rate...as...,賓語(yǔ)是ourselves，as的賓語(yǔ)是aboveaverage，后面加了介詞短語(yǔ)inleadership,后面的93%indrivingand85%atgettingonwellwithothers都存在省略，“93%indriving”的完整句子是93%ofusrateourselvesasaboveaverageindriving，85%atgettingonwellwithothers的完整句子是85%ofusrateourselvesasaboveaverageatgettingonwellwithothers，最后是破折號(hào)引出對(duì)原句內(nèi)容的補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明allabviouslystatisticallyimpossibility.本句翻譯可以是：社會(huì)心理學(xué)家針對(duì)所謂的“高于平均數(shù)效應(yīng)”或“虛幻的優(yōu)越感”進(jìn)行了大量研究，并指出我們中有70%的人自認(rèn)為領(lǐng)導(dǎo)能力高于常人，93%的人認(rèn)為自己駕駛水平高于常人，85%的人認(rèn)為與人相處的能力高于常人——很顯然這些在統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)上是不可能的。Thestrategyalsoaimstoensurethatcarboninwoodymaterialremovedfromtheforestsislockedawayintheformofsolidlumberorburnedasbiofuelinvehiclesthatwouldotherwiserunonfossilfuels.翻譯：該策略還旨在確保從森林中砍伐的木材中的碳以固體木材的形式被儲(chǔ)存起來(lái)，或者在本使用化石燃料的車(chē)輛中作為生物顏料燃燒。5.WeareevenfartherremovedfromthediscursivenewspaperreviewspublishedinEnglandbetweentheturnofthe20thcenturyandtheeveofWorldWarII,atatimewhennewsprintwasdirt-cheapandstylishartscriticismwasconsideredanornamenttothepublicationsinwhichitappeared.(2010text1)解析：WeareevenfartherremovedfromthediscursivenewspaperreviewspublishedinEngland-ved短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)修飾newspaperreviewsbetweentheturnofthe20thcenturyandtheeveofWorldWarII——介詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)修飾publishedatatime——介詞短語(yǔ)作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)whennewsprint…thepublications——定語(yǔ)從句，修飾timeinwhichitappeared——定語(yǔ)從句，修飾publication翻譯：在20世紀(jì)初到二戰(zhàn)前夕，英國(guó)出版的散漫的報(bào)紙?jiān)u論與我們的關(guān)系更為疏遠(yuǎn)，當(dāng)時(shí)新聞紙非常便宜，時(shí)尚的藝術(shù)批評(píng)被認(rèn)為是出版物的裝飾品。6.Nowthenation’stoppatentcourtappearscompletelyreadytoscalebackonbusiness-methodpatents,whichhavebeencontroversialeversincetheywerefirstauthorized10yearsago.(2010text2)解析：主句：Nowthenation’stoppatentcourtappearscompletelyreadytoscalebackonbusiness-methodpatents定語(yǔ)從句修飾business-methodpatents：whichhavebeencontroversial時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句修飾定語(yǔ)從句：eversincetheywerefirstauthorized10yearsago翻譯：現(xiàn)在，美國(guó)最高專(zhuān)利法院似乎已經(jīng)完全準(zhǔn)備好縮減商業(yè)方法專(zhuān)利，自10年前首次授權(quán)以來(lái)，商業(yè)方法專(zhuān)利就一直備受爭(zhēng)議。7.Curbsonbusiness-methodclaimswouldbeadramaticabout-face,becauseitwasthefederalcircuititselfthatintroducedsuchpatentswithis1998decisionintheso-calledstateStreetBankcase,approvingapatentonawayofpoolingmutual-fundassets.(2010text2)解析：主干：Curbsonbusiness-methodclaimswouldbeadramaticabout-face原因狀語(yǔ)從句：because…case強(qiáng)調(diào)句：itwasthefederalcircuititselfthatintroducedsuchpatentswithis1998decisionintheso-calledstateStreetBankcaseVing短語(yǔ)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)：approvingapatentonawayofpoolingmutual-fundassets翻譯：對(duì)商業(yè)方法索賠的限制將是一個(gè)戲劇性的轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)，因?yàn)檎锹?lián)邦巡回法院本身在1998年的所謂的道富銀行案中提出了這類(lèi)專(zhuān)利，批準(zhǔn)了一項(xiàng)共同基金資產(chǎn)集資方法的專(zhuān)利。8.InEurope，whereforestryisecologicallymoreadvanced,thenon-commercialtreespeciesarerecognizedasmembersofnativeforestcommunity,tobepreservedassuch,withinreason.(2010年翻譯)解析：該句的難點(diǎn)在于定語(yǔ)從句，即“whereforestryisecologicallymoreadvanced”，修飾Europe。其他考點(diǎn)結(jié)構(gòu)：“ofnativeforestcommunity”作定語(yǔ)，修飾members;“withinreason”介詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)，修飾動(dòng)詞“arerecognizedas”。翻譯：在生態(tài)林業(yè)更為發(fā)達(dá)的歐洲，沒(méi)有商業(yè)價(jià)值的樹(shù)種被合理地視為當(dāng)?shù)厣秩郝涞某蓡T，同樣地得到保護(hù)。9.InDecember2010America’sFederalTradeCommission(FTC)proposedaddinga“donottrack”(DNT)optiontointerne