廣東省汕頭市2022-2023學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期末教學(xué)質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè)英語試題（含解析）

第第頁廣東省汕頭市2022-2023學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期末教學(xué)質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè)英語試題（含解析）廣東省汕頭市2022-2023學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期末教學(xué)質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè)英語試題

學(xué)校:___________姓名：___________班級(jí)：___________考號(hào)：___________

一、閱讀理解

WhateverattractsyoutoIreland,thegreenlandscape,theancientcastlesoritscultures—thesetourswillhelpyoumakethemostofyourtimehere.

LallyTours

ExplorethewestcoastofIrelandonthisbustrip.Theroute(路線)onthiseight-hourjourneywindsthroughthepicturesqueTwelveBensmountainrange.AmongthestopsareascenicmountainsidevillageandthegreatKylemoreAbbey(修道院),a19th-centuryabbeyfeaturingaVictorianwalledgardenandaneo-Gothicchurch.

Ticketsforthetourstartat$50foradults,$39forchildren5to12and$28forchildrenyoungerthan5.Discountsareofferedtoseniorsandstudents.

DerosTours

ObservetheuniquelandscapeoftheIveraghPeninsula,includingIreland’shighestmountain,onthisabout6.5-hourbusride.StopsincludethevillagesofGlenbeigh,WatervilleandSneem.FromMarchtoOctober,coachesalsostoptoshowhowdogsaretrainedtoguardsheep.AhighpointisavisittoMoll’sGap.AnotherhighlightistheLadiesViewattheKillarneyLakes.

Ticketscost$35foranyone13orolder,exceptstudentswithID,whopay$25;feesforthoseyoungerthan12startat$20.

KillarneyJauntingCars

Onthishourlonghorsecoachride,you’lltraveltobothKillarneyNationalParkandRossCastle,passingsightslikeStMary’sCathedralandMacGillycuddy’sReeksalongtheway.WhyacoachrideThismeansoftransportationallowsvisitorstoseepartsoftheparkwherecarsarenotallowed.

Feesstartat$33forriders13andolder,and$14forthoseyoungerthan13.

KillarneyLakeTours

SeethesightsofKillarneyfromLoughLeane,thearea’slargestlake,onthishourlongboatride.WaterbusesstartfromandreturntoRossCastleandpassattractions,suchasInnisfallenIsland’smonastic(廟宇的)ruinsandO’Sullivan’sCascade,aswellasthenearbymountains.

Pricesstartat$13foradults,$11forseniorsand$6.50forchildrenyoungerthan12.

1．OnwhichtourcanyouvisitthetallestmountainofIreland

A．LallyTours.B．DerosTours.

C．KillarneyJauntingCars.D．KillarneyLakeTours.

2．WhattransportisbestfortravellinginKillarneyNationalPark

A．Byboat.B．Bycoach.C．Bybus.D．Bycar.

3．Howmuchshouldacouplewiththeir15-year-oldsonpayontheKillarneyLakeTour

A．$39.B．$37.C．$32.5.D．$28.5.

HachikowasanAkitaInu(秋田犬)whowasbornin1923inacounty,Japan.AyearlaterhebecameagiftforthedaughterofaprofessorofTokyoUniversity.Whentheprofessor,EisaburoUeno,sawhimforthefirsttime,herealizedthathislegswerealittlebent.Theylookedlikethekanji(漢字)“八”thatrepresentsthenumber8,whichinJapaneseispronouncedhachi,sohedecidedtonamehimHachiko.

WhenUeno’sdaughtergrewup,shemarriedandwenttolivewithherhusband,leavingthedogbehind.Theprofessorlikedhim,sohedecidedtokeepHachiinsteadofgivinghimaway.

UenowenttoworkbytraineverydayandHachikobecamehisfaithfulcompanion.EverymorningthedogaccompaniedhisownertotheShibuyatrainstationandintheafternoonhewentbacktomeethisownerwhenUenoreturned.

Oneday,whileteachingattheuniversity,Uenosufferedasuddencerebralhemorrhage(腦溢血)whichendedhislife.However,HachikocontinuedtowaitforhimattheShibuyastation.

DayafterdayHachikowenttothestationandwaitedforhoursforhisowner,lookingforhisfaceamongthethousandsofstrangerspassingby.Thesedaysturnedintomonthsandmonthsandeventuallyintoyears.Hachikowaitedtirelesslyforhisownerforninelongyears.Throughrain,snoworsunshine,hewouldappearattheexacttiehismaster’strainwasdueinthestation.

ThelocalsofShibuyaknewHachikoandhadregularlyseenhimwithProfessorUeno.Duetothebusynessofthestation,manyfounditannoyingtohavethedoggettingintheway.However,whentheyrealizedwhathadhappened,theytookchargeoffeedingandtakingcareofhimwhilehewaitedinthedoorofthestation.

Hachikokeptwaitingforhisownerwhowouldneverappear.Afterhisdeath,wherehewaitedforUenoeveryday,in1934,astatueofhimwasputupinfrontofthesametrainstation.

4．WhydidUenocalltheAkitaInuHachiko

A．Becauseofhisage.B．Becauseofhisnumber.

C．Becauseofhisappearance.D．Becauseofhispronunciation.

5．WhendidHachikobegintoaccompanyUenotothestationeveryday

A．AfterUenohimselfkeptHachiko.

B．BeforeUeno’sdaughtergotmarried.

C．WhenUenosufferedabraindisease.

D．WhileUenowasteachingattheuniversity.

6．Whatcanbeconcludedaccordingtothepassage

A．Hachikowas9yearsoldwhenhedied.

B．HachikowasagiftfromUeno’sdaughter.

C．Hachikowasunawareofhismaster’sdeath.

D．Hachikowasanannoyanceforthelocalpeople.

7．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext

A．AkitaInu,aKindofSmartDogB．Hachiko,aFaithfulDog

C．ShibuyaStation’sStatuetoaDogD．People’sKindnesstoaDog

AccordingtoastudypublishedbytheAmericanPsychologicalAssociation,playinganinstrumentasachildkeepsthemindsharperasweage.

Thestudy,doneattheUniversityofKansasMedicalCenter,elected70healthyadultsbetweentheages60and83,whoweredividedintogroupsbasedontheirlevelsofmusicalexperience.Themusiciansperformedbetterinseveralcognitive(認(rèn)知的)teststhanindividualswhohadneverstudiedaninstrumentorlearnedhowtoreadmusic.Thebrainfunctionsmeasuredbytheteststendtogoworsewithage.

“Musicalactivitythroughoutlifemayserveasachallengingcognitiveexercise,makingyourbrainfitterandmorecapableofmeetingthechallengesofaging,”saidleadresearcherBrendaHanna-Pladdy.“Sincestudyinganinstrumentrequiresyearsofpracticeandlearning,itmaycreateconnectionsinthebrainthatcouldmakeupforcognitivedropaswegetolder.”

“Music-makingisconnectedtoanumberofhealthbenefitsforolderadults,”saidSuzanneHanser,chairofthemusictreatmentdepartmentattheBerkleeCollegeofMusicinBoston.“Researchshowsthatmakingmusiccanlowerbloodpressure,slowheartrate,reducestress,andeaseanxiety.Thereisalsoincreasingevidencethatmakingmusicenhancestheimmunological(免疫)response,whichenablesustofightdisease,”Hansersaid.Hansersaidthatanyone,withoutconsideringageorability,canmakemusicandbenefitfromit.

“Peoplearenotonlylivinglongerthesedays;theywanttoremainhealthyandactiveforaslongaspossible,”saidAntoinetteFollett,editor-in-chiefof“MakingMusic”magazine.“Plus,thereisanincreasingfocusinthemedicalcommunityontheneedtokeepthebrainashealthyasthebody.Thisfocusisasmuchaboutmakingtheemptynestandretirementyearsfunandworthwhileasitisaboutpreventingdebilitatingdementias(衰弱性癡呆)suchasAlzheimer’sdisease.Musicmakingisabletodoboth.”

8．Among4healthyadultsbelow,whomightperformbetterinthecognitivetests

A．Aseniorwhousedtoteachreading.

B．Anagedmanwhoknewamusician.

C．Agrandpawhooftenlistenedtomusic.

D．Anoldladywhoenjoyedplayingtheguitar.

9．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“enhances”inParagraph4probablymean

A．Disables.B．Frees.C．Improves.D．Operates.

10．Whatcanweconcludeaccordingtothepassage

A．Brainfunctionsgoworsewithage.

B．Learningmusicisabletostopaging.

C．Musicisbeneficialtobrainandbody.

D．Playinganinstrumentcanfightdiseases.

11．Inwhichpartofanewspapercouldthisarticleprobablybefound

A．Culture.B．Art.C．Medicine.D．Health.

Adroughtisaperiodoftimewhenanareaorregionexperiencesbelow-normalrainfall.Thelackofenoughrainfall,eitherrainorsnow,cancausereducedsoilwetnessorgroundwater,diminishedsteamlow(減少的水流),croploss,andageneralwatershortage.Droughtsarethesecond-mostcostlyweathereventsafterhurricanes.

Theearlyeffectsofadroughtmaybedifficulttoidentifyrightaway,soitmaytakeweeksormonthstodeterminethatadroughthasstarted.Theendofadroughtishardtoidentifyforthesamereason.Adroughtmaylastforweeks,months,orevenyears.Sometimes,droughtconditionscanexistfortenyearsormoreinaregion.Thelongeradroughtlasts,thegreatertheharmfuleffectsithasonpeople.

Droughtsaffectpeopleinseveralways.Cleandrinkingwaterissignificantforalllife,andsourcesofwatermaynarrowduringadrought.Withoutthepresenceofwater,peoplemustbringinenoughwaterfromelsewheretosurvive.Waterisalsoneededforcropstogrow.Whennotenoughrainfallstonaturallywatercrops,theymustbewateredbyirrigation(灌溉).Irrigationispossibleonlywhenthereisenoughwaterinnearbyrivers,lakes,orstreams,orfromgroundwater.Duringadrought,thesewatersourcesarediminishedandmayevendryup,preventingcropsfrombeingirrigatedandcausingthemtodieoff.

OnepersonstudyingtheseproblemsisAlexandraCousteau,aNationalGeographicEmergingExplorerwhoselatestplanisBlueLegacy.ShestartedBlueLegacytoraiseawarenessthatweliveonawaterplanetandmusttakecareofit.Cousteau,thegranddaughterofthewell-knownoceanexplorerJacquesCousteau,believesthatwaterwillbeakeyissueinthiscentury.Shepredictsthatwaterproblemssuchasdrought,storms,floods,anddegradedwaterqualitywillcreate“waterrefugees”,peoplemovinginsearchofwater.CousteaustressesthatwemustdoallwecantoprotectEarth’svaluablefreshwaterresources.

12．Whatisthefunctionofthefirstparagraph

A．Tointroducewhatadroughtis.B．Tocomparedroughtswithhurricanes.

C．Toexplainwhyadroughtoccurs.D．Toraiseawarenessofsomedisasters.

13．Amongalldisasters,whatisspecialaboutdroughts

A．Theycausethegreatestharms.B．Theyarehardtospotinnotime.

C．Theyusuallyendfornoreason.D．Theyinfluencepeople’sliving.

14．Whatdoesthethirdparagraphmainlytellus

A．Cropscannotgrowwithoutwater.

B．Irrigationisimpossibleduringadrought.

C．Therearemanywaystopreventdroughts.

D．Droughtsinfluencelivingandagriculture.

15．Whyis“waterrefugees”mentionedinthelastparagraph

A．TopopularizeBlueLegacy.

B．Totellweliveonawaterplanet.

C．Topersuadepeopletolookforwater.

D．Tostresstheimportanceofwaterresource.

二、七選五

SecretsofGreatSavers

Wonderinghowtosavemoremoneybuthavenoideawheretocut16Theycanmakeyourmoneygofurtherandhelpyouliveamorefinanciallysecure(保障的)life.Youcanforma“hand-me-down”club.Sincekidsgrowsofast,theirclothesquicklybecomeunwearableeventhoughtheystilllooknice.17Insteadofmakingyourlocalkids’clothingstorerich,organiseaclubofparentsfromyourchild’sschoolordaycaretoexchangehand-me-downclothing.

18Alwaysbuythesamecolourandstyleofsocksforyourchild—preferablywhite,sinceyoucanbleach(漂白)themwhentheyarestained.Sincesocksalwaysdisappear,whenyouloseoneofapair,youcanpairitupwithanother,becausetheyareallthesame.

Itisagoodideatotakeajobforadiscount.Ifyouarelookingforapart-timejob,filloutapplicationsatshopswhereyouoftendoyourshopping.19Ifyouhaveteenagersinyourhomewhoarereadyforajob,encouragethemtoworkatyourfamily’sfavouritestoreswithemployeediscountstoo.Notonlywillyoubenefitfromthediscountbutyouwillalsogainaccesstoanewworldofinsideinformationonupcomingsales!

WhynothelpyourfriendmoveAlwayshelpfriendspacktheirbelongingsandloadthetruckwhentheyaremoving.Whenpeopleareloadingtheirhouseholdsintoboxes,theyusuallyfinditemsthattheynolongerneedordonotwanttopackorunpack.Asaresult,youcanbringhomehundredsofpoundsworthoffrozenfood,tableware,books,toys,furniture(家具)andotherhouseholditems.20

A．Getsocksofonecolour.

B．Bleachsockstowhitenthem.

C．Wesharefoursecretsofsupersavershere.

D．So,parentsbuyalotofnewclothestomeettheneed.

E．Bestofalltheywillstillthinkyou’vedonethemafavour.

F．Forexample,clothingshopsmaygivetheiremployeesadiscount.

G．Oncetheydoafavor,yourproblemwillprobablybesolvedveryquickly.

三、完形填空

Schoolissaidtobeatemple(殿堂)ofknowledge.Itistheveryfirstpacethat21youtotheworldandyourownself.

Myschoollifeisallaboutthememories.Ideeply22friendshipandallthesportandafter-school23butalsothewaythathelpedmefindmyinterests.Iowe(把……歸功于)themalltomyschoollife.Ithasmademethe24Iamtoday.

Myschoollifehasbeenfullofdifferent25overtheyears.Itgavemeavarietyofopportunitiesto26notonlymylearningabilitiesbutalsotheartandsportskills.Itsupportedmeinmysportsaswellas27metoknowalltypesofpeople.Alloftheseaccountedtomakemeunderstandhowtobehave28andtohelpmeforma29whichIhavetoday.

Therearecountlessthingsthatmakeschoollifethebest30inone’slife.Allofthiseventuallyisbecauseweareyoungtomake31againandagaintillwerealize,stupidenoughnotto32peopleanddowhatwefeellikedoing,and33toexploreeverythingwecan.Mostimportantly,wearestillnotmessedwiththe34feelingsofthisworld.Andallofthesemakeus35apersonalityofourown.

21．A．throwsB．lendsC．devotesD．introduces

22．A．protectB．hideC．treasureD．trust

23．A．quarrelsB．examinationsC．partiesD．a(chǎn)ctivities

24．A．studentB．teacherC．personD．parent

25．A．stylesB．experiencesC．jobsD．sports

26．A．useB．developC．requireD．stress

27．A．a(chǎn)dvisedB．enabledC．selectedD．organized

28．A．differentlyB．normallyC．sociallyD．professionally

29．A．habitB．groupC．personalityD．club

30．A．stageB．destinationC．sceneD．event

31．A．mistakesB．preparationsC．friendsD．experiments

32．A．thinkaboutB．chatwithC．lookforD．learnfrom

33．A．a(chǎn)nxiousB．curiousC．generousD．serious

34．A．positiveB．specialC．colorfulD．ill

35．A．chooseB．controlC．changeD．build

四、用單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成短文

閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

WorldBookDaywascreatedonApril23rd,1995,bytheUnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganization(UNESCO).Theconnectionbetweenthatdateandbooks,however,wasmade36Spainin1923,asitistheanniversary(周年紀(jì)念日)ofthe37(die)ofWilliamShakespeareandIncaGarcilasodelaVega,famousSpanishChronicler.

Therewereafew38(idea)forthedayoftheyearthatWorldBookDayshouldbeheld.39(original),VicenteClavelAndres,aValencianwriter,suggestedthatthedayshouldbeonaday40honoredtheauthorMigueldeCervantes.Thiswouldbeeitherhisbirthday,October7,orthedatewhenhepassedaway,April23.The41(choose)dateisthelatteronebecauseitwasalsothedatewhenWilliamShakespearediedandwhenIncaGarcilasodelaVegadiedtoo.Infact,severalotherwell-knownauthorshavealsodiedonApril23—perhapsauthorsshouldbewary(留神的)ofthisdate!

Insomecountries,WorldBookDayactually42(take)placeonotherdaysoftheyear,despitethefactthattheintentionaleventwascreatedbyUNESCO.Forexample,Sweden,theUnitedKingdom,andIrelandallcelebrate43(they)ownWorldBookDayeventson44differentday.However,theinternationalday45(hold)onthesamedayeachyearsinceitbeganin1995.

五、根據(jù)漢語意思填寫單詞

46．Parentsareproudoftheirchildren’s(成就).(根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫)

47．Sheisa(定期的;常規(guī)的)customeratthefishmarket.(根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫)

48．Heisan(精力充沛的)boyandhedoessportseveryday.(根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫)

49．Iamwritingto(申請(qǐng))forthejobasapart-timeeditor.(根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫)

50．Don’ttouchthemushroom,becauseitcontainssomething(有毒的).(根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫)

51．Themoneywas(捐贈(zèng))byananonymous(匿名的)localbusinessman.(根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫)

52．Rubbishcaneasilybeseparatedandsortedinto(塑料),glassandpaper.(根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫)

53．Onlywhenwelivein(和諧)withnaturecanthisworldbeabetterplace.(根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫)

54．Familymembersgatheraroundatable,enjoyingfoodandeachother’s(陪伴).(根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫)

55．Weapologizeforthedelay(耽擱)andregretany(不便)itmayhavecaused.(根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫)

六、其他應(yīng)用文

56．假定你是李華，你校外教Tom發(fā)郵件向你詢問潮汕方言和普通話的區(qū)別，請(qǐng)你給他回復(fù)，內(nèi)容包括：

1.兩者發(fā)音不同，語法相似;

2.潮汕方言對(duì)于潮汕人的意義。

參考詞匯：潮汕方言Chaoshandialect;普通話Mandarin

注意：

1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右;

2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

DearTom,

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

LiHua

七、讀后續(xù)寫

57．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。

TonyandIwereinourschoolbasketballteam,theLions.WelovedbasketballandwerebothhugefansoftheNBA．Whenweweren’tplayingonthecourt,wewerewatchingagameonTV.MyfavouriteplayerwasLeBronJameswhileTony’swasTyroneBogues.

Bogueswasonly1.6metrestall,whichmadehimtheshortestplayereverintheNBA．GuesswhatTonywasonly1.6metrestall,too!Tonyknewthatbeingshorterthanotherplayersmeantthathehadtopractisemore.Duringallthosehoursofdoingjumpshotsonhisown,heusedBoguesashisinspiration.Tonyoncesaid,“IfBoguescouldmakeit,whynotme”

Butourcoachwasnotsosure.Tonyhadtotryoutmanytimesjustformakingtheteam.Hewasstillusuallyonthebench(場(chǎng)邊休息區(qū)),beingjustareplacement.EveryoneknewTonyhadrealskills,andwassomeonewhoworkedreallyhardandhadastrongdesiretoplayfortheteam.However,Tonydidn’tgetachance.

Thisweek,theLionswereplayingourmaincompetitors,theBears,ateamwhoserecordthisseasonhadbeenperfect.Theyhadn’tlostasinglegame.

Thelastquarterbegan,andmyteamwasbehindby10points.Suddenly,aplayerandIcrashedintoeachother.Painracedthroughmybody.Mykneehurtbadly.“Idon’tthinkIcanplayanymore,coach,”Isaidquietlyasthedoctorputanicepackonmyknee.

“Noway,”thecoachrepliedsharply.“We’vegotnomoreplayers!”

注意：

1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為100左右;

2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

“WhataboutTony”someonesuggested.

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

試卷第1頁，共3頁

試卷第1頁，共3頁

參考答案：

1．B2．B3．A

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了四個(gè)愛爾蘭的旅行。

1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)DerosTours部分“ObservetheuniquelandscapeoftheIveraghPeninsula,includingIreland’shighestmountain,onthisabout6.5-hourbusride.(乘坐約6.5小時(shí)的巴士，可以欣賞到艾維拉格半島的獨(dú)特景觀，包括愛爾蘭最高的山峰。)”可知，在DerosTours旅行中可以參觀愛爾蘭最高的山峰。故選B。

2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)KillarneyJauntingCars部分“WhyacoachrideThismeansoftransportationallowsvisitorstoseepartsoftheparkwherecarsarenotallowed.(為什么坐長途汽車？這種交通方式可以讓游客看到公園里不允許開車的地方。)”可知，在基拉尼國家公園，乘坐長途汽車最適合旅行。故選B。

3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)KillarneyLakeTours部分“Pricesstartat$13foradults,$11forseniorsand$6.50forchildrenyoungerthan12.(成人起價(jià)13美元，老年人起價(jià)11美元，12歲以下兒童起價(jià)6.50美元。)”可知，15歲孩子是成人價(jià)13美元，一對(duì)夫婦應(yīng)該付26美元，一共應(yīng)付39美元。故選A。

4．C5．A6．C7．B

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。本文講述了一只名叫Hachiko的秋田犬，它陪伴主人每天去車站上下班，主人去世后，它仍然每天在車站等待主人的歸來，堅(jiān)持了九年之久，最終在車站門口豎起了一座它的雕像。

4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Whentheprofessor,EisaburoUeno,sawhimforthefirsttime,herealizedthathislegswerealittlebent.Theylookedlikethekanji(漢字)“八”thatrepresentsthenumber8,whichinJapaneseispronouncedhachi,sohedecidedtonamehimHachiko.(當(dāng)教授上野第一次看到它時(shí)，他意識(shí)到它的腿有點(diǎn)彎曲。它的腿看起來像漢字“八”，代表數(shù)字8，在日語中發(fā)音為“hachi”，因此他決定給它取名為八公。)”可知，因?yàn)楣饭返耐扔悬c(diǎn)彎曲，看起來像漢字“八”，代表數(shù)字8，在日語中發(fā)音為“hachi”，因此上野決定給它取名為Hachiko。故選C。

5．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“WhenUeno’sdaughtergrewup,shemarriedandwenttolivewithherhusband,leavingthedogbehind.Theprofessorlikedhim,sohedecidedtokeepHachiinsteadofgivinghimaway.(上野的女兒長大后，結(jié)婚了，和丈夫一起生活，留下了狗。教授很喜歡它，所以他決定留下八公，而不是把它送人。)”以及第三段中“UenowenttoworkbytraineverydayandHachikobecamehisfaithfulcompanion.(上野每天坐火車去上班，八公成了他忠實(shí)的伙伴。)”可知，在上野的女兒長大后，結(jié)婚后只剩下教授和八公，上野自己養(yǎng)了Hachiko之后，八公每天開始陪伴上野去車站。故選A。

6．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Oneday,whileteachingattheuniversity,Uenosufferedasuddencerebralhemorrhage(腦溢血)whichendedhislife.(有一天，上野在大學(xué)教書時(shí)突發(fā)腦溢血，結(jié)束了他的生命。)”以及根據(jù)第五段中“DayafterdayHachikowenttothestationandwaitedforhoursforhisowner,lookingforhisfaceamongthethousandsofstrangerspassingby.Thesedaysturnedintomonthsandmonthsandeventuallyintoyears.Hachikowaitedtirelesslyforhisownerforninelongyears.Throughrain,snoworsunshine,hewouldappearattheexacttiehismaster’strainwasdueinthestation.(日復(fù)一日，八公去車站等他的主人幾個(gè)小時(shí)，在成千上萬路過的陌生人中尋找他的臉。這些日子變成了月復(fù)一月，最后變成了年復(fù)一年。八公不知疲倦地等了它的主人整整九年。無論下雨、下雪還是晴天，他都會(huì)準(zhǔn)時(shí)出現(xiàn)在主人的火車到站的時(shí)間。)”以及最后一段中“Hachikokeptwaitingforhisownerwhowouldneverappear.(八公一直在等待他的主人，而他的主人永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)出現(xiàn)。)”可知，八公一直等待著自己的主人上野的出現(xiàn)，可是它不知道自己的主人已經(jīng)突發(fā)腦溢血去世了。故選C。

7．主旨大意題。通讀全文，本文講述了一只名叫八公的秋田犬，它陪伴主人每天去車站上下班，主人去世后，它仍然每天在車站等待主人的歸來，堅(jiān)持了九年之久，最終在車站門口豎起了一座它的雕像。B選項(xiàng)“Hachiko,aFaithfulDog(忠犬Hachiko)”概括文章的內(nèi)容，符合文章標(biāo)題。故選B。

8．D9．C10．A11．D

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一項(xiàng)研究：孩童時(shí)期學(xué)習(xí)樂器可以使人晚年時(shí)的大腦更加敏銳。此外，制作音樂還能增強(qiáng)免疫反應(yīng)，幫助人們抵抗疾病。

8．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“AccordingtoastudypublishedbytheAmericanPsychologicalAssociation,playinganinstrumentasachildkeepsthemindsharperasweage.(根據(jù)米國心理協(xié)會(huì)發(fā)表的一項(xiàng)研究，小時(shí)候演奏一種樂器可以讓我們長大后思維更敏捷。)”可知，小時(shí)候演奏一種樂器可以讓我們長大后思維更敏捷。因此彈吉他的老太太會(huì)在認(rèn)知測(cè)試中表現(xiàn)得更好。因此D選項(xiàng)“Anoldladywhoenjoyedplayingtheguitar.(一位喜歡彈吉他的老太太。)”符合文章內(nèi)容。故選D。

9．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞后面的內(nèi)容“whichenablesustofightdisease(這能讓我們能夠?qū)辜膊?”可知，創(chuàng)作音樂能夠增強(qiáng)免疫力，由此對(duì)抗我們的身體疾病。故劃線詞與C選項(xiàng)為同義詞，意為“提升，促進(jìn)”。故選C。

10．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Sincestudyinganinstrumentrequiresyearsofpracticeandlearning,itmaycreateconnectionsinthebrainthatcouldmakeupforcognitivedropaswegetolder.(由于學(xué)習(xí)一種樂器需要多年的練習(xí)和學(xué)習(xí)，它可能會(huì)在大腦中建立聯(lián)系，彌補(bǔ)隨著年齡增長而出現(xiàn)的認(rèn)知能力下降)”可知，隨著年齡的增長，大腦功能越來越差。故選A。

11．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“AccordingtoastudypublishedbytheAmericanPsychologicalAssociation,playinganinstrumentasachildkeepsthemindsharperasweage.(根據(jù)米國心理協(xié)會(huì)發(fā)表的一項(xiàng)研究，小時(shí)候演奏一種樂器可以讓我們長大后思維更敏捷。)”以及通讀全文可知，文章介紹了一項(xiàng)研究：孩童時(shí)期學(xué)習(xí)樂器可以使人晚年時(shí)的大腦更加敏銳。此外，制作音樂還能增強(qiáng)免疫反應(yīng)，幫助人們抵抗疾病，故推斷文章出自于報(bào)紙中關(guān)于健康的部分。故選D。

12．A13．B14．D15．D

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了什么是干旱、干旱的特點(diǎn)以及干旱的影響。

12．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一自然段“Adroughtisaperiodoftimewhenanareaorregionexperiencesbelow-normalrainfall.Thelackofenoughrainfall,eitherrainorsnow,cancausereducedsoilwetnessorgroundwater,diminishedsteamlow(減少的水流),croploss,andageneralwatershortage.Droughtsarethesecond-mostcostlyweathereventsafterhurricanes.(干旱是指一個(gè)地區(qū)的降雨量低于正常水平的一段時(shí)間。缺乏足夠的降雨，無論是雨還是雪，都可能導(dǎo)致土壤濕度或地下水減少、蒸汽量減少、作物損失和普遍缺水。干旱是僅次于颶風(fēng)的第二大天氣事件。)”可知，本段主要介紹了什么是干旱以及引起干旱的因素。因此第一段的作用是介紹什么是干旱。故選A。

13．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二自然段“Theearlyeffectsofadroughtmaybedifficulttoidentifyrightaway,soitmaytakeweeksormonthstodeterminethatadroughthasstarted.Theendofadroughtishardtoidentifyforthesamereason.Adroughtmaylastforweeks,months,orevenyears.(干旱的早期影響可能很難立即確定，因此可能需要數(shù)周或數(shù)月的時(shí)間才能確定干旱已經(jīng)開始。由于同樣的原因，干旱的結(jié)束很難確定。干旱可能持續(xù)數(shù)周、數(shù)月甚至數(shù)年。)”可知，在所有災(zāi)害中，干旱的特別之處在于它們很難在短時(shí)間內(nèi)被發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選B。

14．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三自然段“Droughtsaffectpeopleinseveralways.(干旱對(duì)人們的影響有幾個(gè)方面。)”可知，本段主要介紹干旱對(duì)人們的影響。又根據(jù)本段“Cleandrinkingwaterissignificantforalllife,andsourcesofwatermaynarrowduringadrought.(清潔的飲用水對(duì)所有生命都很重要，干旱期間水源可能會(huì)減少。)”和“Waterisalsoneededforcropstogrow.Whennotenoughrainfallstonaturallywatercrops,theymustbewateredbyirrigation(灌溉).(作物生長也需要水。當(dāng)降雨量不足以自然灌溉作物時(shí)，必須通過灌溉來解決。)”可知，第三段主要闡述干旱對(duì)生活和農(nóng)業(yè)的影響。故選D。

15．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Shepredictsthatwaterproblemssuchasdrought,storms,floods,anddegradedwaterqualitywillcreate“waterrefugees”,peoplemovinginsearchofwater.CousteaustressesthatwemustdoallwecantoprotectEarth’svaluablefreshwaterresources.(她預(yù)測(cè)，干旱、風(fēng)暴、洪水和水質(zhì)惡化等水問題將造成“水難民”，即人們四處尋找水源。庫斯托強(qiáng)調(diào)，我們必須竭盡全力保護(hù)地球上寶貴的淡水資源。)”可知，最后一段提到“水難民”是為了說明缺水問題的嚴(yán)重影響，進(jìn)而強(qiáng)調(diào)水資源的重要性。故選D。

16．C17．D18．A19．F20．E

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。本文介紹了四個(gè)超級(jí)省錢的秘訣，這些秘訣可以讓你的錢花得更長久，幫助你過上更加經(jīng)濟(jì)安全的生活。

16．根據(jù)前文“Wonderinghowtosavemoremoneybuthavenoideawheretocut(想知道如何節(jié)省更多的錢，但不知道從哪里削減)”可知，此處提出要節(jié)省錢，但不知道如何節(jié)省的問題，后文應(yīng)該對(duì)該問題進(jìn)行回答即提出省錢的方法。C選項(xiàng)“Wesharefoursecretsofsupersavershere.(我們?cè)谶@里分享超級(jí)儲(chǔ)蓄者的四個(gè)秘密。)”符合語境。故選C。

17．根據(jù)前文“Sincekidsgrowsofast,theirclothesquicklybecomeunwearableeventhoughtheystilllooknice.(因?yàn)楹⒆觽冮L得很快，他們的衣服很快就不能穿了，即使它們看起來還不錯(cuò)。)”可知，此處是說衣服不能穿之后的行動(dòng)。D選項(xiàng)“So,parentsbuyalotofnewclothestomeettheneed.(所以，父母買了很多新衣服來滿足需要。)”的so與前文的since構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，形成呼應(yīng)。故選D。

18．根據(jù)后文的“Alwaysbuythesamecolourandstyleofsocksforyourchild—preferablywhite,sinceyoucanbleach(漂白)themwhentheyarestained.(給你的孩子買同樣顏色和款式的襪子——最好是白色的，因?yàn)楫?dāng)襪子被弄臟時(shí)，你可以漂白。)”可知，此處建議的是買相同顏色的襪子，尤其是買白色的襪子。A選項(xiàng)“Getsocksofonecolour.(買一種顏色的襪子。)”概括本段內(nèi)容，符合語境。故選A。

19．根據(jù)前文“Itisagoodideatotakeajobforadiscount.Ifyouarelookingforapart-timejob,filloutapplicationsatshopswhereyouoftendoyourshopping.(接受一份有折扣的工作是個(gè)好主意。如果你正在找兼職工作，在你經(jīng)常購物的商店填寫申請(qǐng)表。)”可知，此處建議的是在有折扣的地方兼職。F選項(xiàng)“Forexample,clothingshopsmaygivetheiremployeesadiscount.(例如，服裝店可能會(huì)給他們的員工打折。)”承接前文，指出在有折扣地方兼職的好處是可以給員工打折。故選F。

20．根據(jù)前文“Asaresult,youcanbringhomehundredsofpoundsworthoffrozenfood,tableware,books,toys,furniture(家具)andotherhouseholditems.(因此，你可以把價(jià)值數(shù)百英鎊的冷凍食品、餐具、書籍、玩具、家具和其他家居用品帶回家。)”可知，此處說的是，幫朋友搬家可以得到好處。E選項(xiàng)“Bestofalltheywillstillthinkyou’vedonethemafavour.(最好的是，他們?nèi)匀粫?huì)認(rèn)為你幫了他們一個(gè)忙。)”承接前文，指出除了可以帶回家各種東西，同時(shí)自己還能夠得到朋友的感謝，即認(rèn)為自己幫了他們一個(gè)忙。故選E。

21．D22．C23．D24．C25．B26．B27．B28．C29．C30．A31．A32．A33．B34．D35．D

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。學(xué)校是知識(shí)的殿堂。從自身學(xué)校生活經(jīng)歷談?wù)摿藢W(xué)校生活的意義。

21．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這是將你引到世界和你自己的第一步。A.throws投擲；B.lends借給；C.devotes致力于；D.introduces介紹；引見。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，學(xué)校是傳授知識(shí)的場(chǎng)所，它讓我們了解世界，認(rèn)識(shí)自我。所以，是學(xué)校將人們引入世界。故選D。

22．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我深深地珍惜友誼，所有的體育和課后活動(dòng)，還有幫助我找到興趣的方式。A.protect保護(hù)；B.hide藏；C.treasure珍視；D.trust信任。根據(jù)下文“Iowe(把……歸功于)themalltomyschoollife.”可知，把它們都?xì)w功于他的學(xué)校生活，因此他深深地珍惜友誼、體育和課后活動(dòng)。故選C。

23．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.quarrels吵架；B.examinations考試；C.parties派對(duì)；D.activities活動(dòng)。根據(jù)下文“helpedmefindmyinterests”可知，此處指課外活動(dòng)。故選D。

24．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：它使我成為今天的我。A.student學(xué)生；B.teacher老師；C.person人；D.parent父母親。根據(jù)下文“And