我的定語從句課件

TheAttributiveClauseLet’sstudyittogether.TheAttributiveClauseLet’sst1定語從句相關概念我的定語從句ppt課件2復合句:主句+從句主句是一個完整的句子,它包含一句子的主要主語和動詞。從句是一個從屬的句子,它必須和一個主句連用。1.定語從句的定義：在復合句中修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句。Thegirl

whoisstandingthereisMary.復合句:主句+從句1.定語從句的定義：在3.2.

先行詞:

被定語從句所修飾的詞。

3.關系詞:

引導定語從句的詞。關系代詞:that,which,who,whom,whose,as關系副詞:when,where,why4.定從的分類：限定性定語從句非限定性定語從句2.先行詞:被定語從句所修飾的詞。3.關系詞:4Thenumberofpeoplereachedasmanyas250,000.Theylosthomesintheearthquake.Thenumberofpeoplewholosthomesintheearthquakereachedasmanyas250,000.定語從句先行詞ThenumberofpeoplereachedT5TheboywasJohn'sbrother.Wesawhim

yesterday.Theboy

whomwesawyesterdaywasJohn'sbrother.定語從句先行詞TheboywasJohn'sbrother.The6that和which考點一that和which考點一7在限定性定語從句中，which和that都指物時，可通用。Thepicturethat/whichwasdrawnbyTomwasnice.在限定性定語從句中，which和that都指物時，可通用。8但在下列情況中，只能用that，不用which：

①當先行詞是all,alot,(a)little,few,much,none,anything,something,everything,nothing等詞時。如：

All

thatcanbedone

hasbeendone.

InthisfactoryIsaw

little/much

thatwasdifferentfromours.

②當先行詞被all,any,no,much,little,few,every等限定詞所修飾時。如：

Weheardclearly

everyword

thathesaid.但在下列情況中，只能用that，不用which：9

③當先行詞是序數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞所修飾時。如：

The

firstthing

thatshouldbedone

istogetthetickets.WhenpeopletalkaboutHangzhou,

thefirst

thatcomestomind

istheWestLake.

④當先行詞是形容詞最高級或被形容詞最高級所修飾，以及先行詞被序數(shù)詞和形容詞最高級同時修飾時，如：

Isthat

thebest

thatyoucando?

That’s

themost

expensive

hotel

thatwe’veeverstayedin.

Thisnovelis

thesecondbestone

thatIhaveeverread.③當先行詞是序數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞所修飾時。如：10

⑤當先行詞被thevery,theonly,thenext,thelast等所修飾時。如：Thisisthe

verybook

thatIwanttofind.

⑥當先行詞為指人和指物的兩個并列名詞詞組時。如：Theguestsspokehighlyof

thechildrenandtheirperformances

thattheysawattheChildren’sPalace.

Shedescribedinhercompositions

thepeopleandplaces

thatimpressedhermost.

⑤當先行詞被thevery,theo11⑦當主句是以which,who開頭的特殊疑問句時。如：Which

isthe

car

thatkilledtheboy?

Whoisthegirl

thatistalkingtoourteacher?

⑧.若主句中有疑問代詞who或者which，為了避免重復,關系代詞不要再用who,which，而用that。

Hebuiltupafactory

whichproducedthingsthathadneverbeenseenbefore..⑦當主句是以which,who開頭的特殊疑問句時。如：W121.Thisisall____Iknowaboutthematter.A.thatB.whatC.whoD.whether2.Isthereanything

else_____yourequire?A.whichB.thatC.whoD.what3.Thelastplace_____wevisitedwastheGreatWall.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.it4.Hetalkedhappilyaboutthemenandbooks_____interestedhimgreatlyintheschool.A.whichB.thatC.itD.whom1.Thisisall____Iknowabo135.Thereisnodictionary_____youcanfindeverything.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.inthat6.Isoxygentheonlygas_____helpsfireburn?A.thatB./C.whichD.it7.Whichwasthehotel_____wasrecommendedtoyou?A.thatB.whichC.whereD.it5.Thereisnodictionary____14考點二連接詞who的用法考點二連接詞who的用法15who的用法who代人，在從句擔任主語，也可代替在從句中做賓語的whom，前面不能有介詞。如有介詞則必用whom（結構：介詞+whom）。ThegirlwhoisinredisMary.Sheisthegirlwho/whomImetthatday.Thedoctortowhomshesentherfriendisveryfamous.who的用法Thegirlwhoisin16注意：以下情況，用who不用thata.先行詞為one(s),he,they,anyone,those時e.g.Those

whowanttoseethefilmputupyourhands.b.先行詞有較長定語時用whoe.g.Imetaforeignerinthestreetyesterday

whocouldaskedmequestionsinChinese.c.一個句子中帶有兩個定語從句，其中一個定語從句的關系代詞是that另一個用whoe.g.Theboythatyoumetlastnightisthegroupleaderwhostudiesveryhard.d.在therebe開頭的句中用who

注意：以下情況，用who不用thata.先行詞為one(s)17考點三連接詞whose的用法考點三連接詞whose18whose的用法1。是代詞的所有格（‘的’），其先行詞不僅可以指人，還可以指物。Isawawomanwhosebagwasstolen.Pleaseshowmethebagwhosecoverisred

Doyouknowthewomanwhosehusbandisadoctor?Thisisabook

whosecoverisgreen.whose的用法Doyouknowthew192。whose的先行詞指物時,可用ofwhich代替,但詞序不同，即whose+名詞=the+n+ofwhich=ofwhich+the+n.Helivesintheroomwhosewindow

facessouth.=Helivesintheroom,thewindowofwhich

facessouth.=Helivesintheroom,ofwhich

thewindow

facessouth.2。whose的先行詞指物時,可用ofwhich代替,20考點四介詞＋關系代詞考點四介詞＋關系代詞21“of+which/whom”可用來限定名詞、代詞、分數(shù)詞、數(shù)詞等。e.g.1.Inthedarkstreet,therewasn’tasingleperson____________shecouldturnforhelp.A.thatB.whoC.fromwhomD.towhom2.Hepaidtheboy$10forwashingthewindows,mostof________hadn’tbeencleanedforatleastayear.A.theseB.thoseC.thatD.whichDD“of+which/whom”可用來限定名詞、代詞、分22關系代詞前介詞的確定1.根據(jù)從句中動詞與先行詞的邏輯關系，請體會：e.g.Isthatthenewspaperforwhichyouoftenwritearticles?2.根據(jù)從句中動詞或形容詞的習慣搭配，如：e.g.CanyouexplaintomehowtousetheseidiomsaboutwhichI’msure.3.根據(jù)先行詞與介詞的搭配習慣，請體會：e.g.1949wastheyearinwhichtheP.R.C.wasfounded.關系代詞前介詞的確定1.根據(jù)從句中動詞與先行詞的邏輯關系，請23關系代詞前介詞的確定4.非限制性定語從句中，要表示先行詞的一部分時，可用“數(shù)詞/代詞+of+關系代詞”的結構，如：e.g.Thereare50studentsinourclass,two-thirdsofwhomhavebeentoBeijing.關系代詞前介詞的確定4.非限制性定語從句中，要表示先行詞的一24關系代詞前的介詞的確定5.Whose從句可轉換為“of+關系代詞”型，如：e.g.Theyliveinahouse,whosedooropenstothesouth.

Theylivedinahouse,ofwhichthedooropenstothesouth.Theylivedinahouse,thedoorofwhichopentothesouth.關系代詞前的介詞的確定5.Whose從句可轉換為“of251.Theman__________youshookhandsjustnowisourheadmaster.2.Theroom__________myfamilyliveusedtobeagarage.3.Didyoufindthepen_________Iwrotejustnow?4.Didyoufindthecomposition______Iwrotejustnow?withwhominwhichwithwhichwhichCanyouworkthemout????????1.Theman__________youshook26Fillintheblankswithproperprepositions:1.Thesungivesusheatandlight,________whichwecan’tlive.2.Thestudent________whomweweretalkingjustnowisthebeststudentinourclass.3.I’llneverforgettheday_____whichshesaidgood-byetome.4.Whocangivemethereason______whichhehasn’tturnedupyet?foraboutonwithoutFillintheblankswithproper271.Therearethreelibrariesinourschool,_______werebuiltfiveyearsago.A、allofthemB、eitherofthemC、allofwhichD、bothofthatC2.Iboughtsomebooksfromthebookstore,five

______wereEnglishnovels.A.ofwhichB.whichC.thatD.inwhichA1.Therearethreelibrariesi28考點五As與which的用法考點五As與which的用法29兩者均可引導非限制性定語從句，有時可以互換，但下列情況多用as。1.關系代詞引導的定語從句居句首時。e.g.Asweallknow,theearthisround.2.當與such或thesame連用時，一般用as。e.g.Suchbooksasyoutellmeareinteresting.Ihavethesameplanasyou.兩者均可引導非限制性定語從句，有時可以互換，但下列情況多用30GoonPlease!3.當從句和主句語義一致時，用as，反之則用which。e.g.

Shehasmarriedagain,aswasexpected.

Shehasmarriedagain,whichwasunexpected.GoonPlease!3.當從句和主句語義一致時，用a31Goonplease!4.as在從句中作主語時，后面常接行為動詞的被動語態(tài)，如beknown，besaid，bereported等，如從句中行為動詞是主動語態(tài)，一般要用which作主語。e.g.Shehasbeenlateagain,

aswasexpected.Tomhasmadegreatprogress,whichmadeushappy.Goonplease!4.as在從句中作主語時，后面常321.______wasnatural,hemarriedJenny.A.WhichB.ThatC.ThisD.As2.Suchsigns_____weuseintheexperiment______Greekletters.A.as,areB.as,isC.that,areD.that,is3.Ipassedhimalargeglassofwhisky,_____hedrankimmediately.A.thatB.asC.whichD.who1.______wasnatural,hemarr334.Sheisverygoodatdance,____everybodyknows.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.as5.______hasbeensaidabove,grammarisasetofdeadrules.A.WhichB.WhatC.ThatD.As6.Wedothesamework_____theydo.A.whichB.asC.thanD.like4.Sheisverygoodatdance,34考點六關系代詞和關系副詞考點六關系代詞35使用關系副詞應注意下列幾點：1、關系副詞在意義上都相當于一定的介詞+which結構：

when=on(in,at,during…)+which;where=in(at,on…)+which;why=forwhich.

如：IwasinBeijingon

theday

when(=onwhich)

hearrived.Theoffice

where(=inwhich)

heworksisonthethirdfloor.Thisis

thechiefreason

why(=forwhich)

wedidit.使用關系副詞應注意下列幾點：362、當先行詞是表時間和表地點的詞時，一定要注意分析從句的結構，如果缺少主語或賓語時，關系詞應該用

which或that,缺少時間狀語或地點狀語時，才能用

when或

where，試比較：

I’llneverforget

theday

whenmyhometownwasliberated.

I’llneverforget

thedays

which/thatwespenttogetherlastsummer.

Hisfatherworksin

afactory

whereradiopartsaremade.

Hisfatherworksin

afactory

which/thatmakesradioparts.3、when

和

where

既可以引導限制性定語從句，也可以引導非限制性定語從句。而

why

只能引導限制性定語從句。2、當先行詞是表時間和表地點的詞時，一定要注意分析從句的結371.Shewillneverforgettheday_____shespentinBeijing.A、whenB、whatC、whichD、whyC2.Shewillneverforgettheday_____shestayedwithhiminBeijing.A想想看到底填什么1.Shewillneverforgetthe383.YingDeisacity,___isfamousforitsblacktea.4.YingDeisacity,____thereisaBaojingPalace.

A.whichB.thatC.whereD.thereAC想想看到底填什么3.YingDeisacity,___is39考點七主謂一致的問題考點七主謂一致的問題40

定語從句中的動詞在人稱和數(shù)方面應該與它的先行詞保持一致。

1.Iamnotonewho______afraidofdifficulty．2.Don‘tchooseme,who_______notfitforthisjob．

isam定語從句中的動詞在人稱和數(shù)方面應該與它的先行詞保持一致。41

3.Thisisoneofthebestbooks_______.A.thathaveeverbeenwrittenB.thathaseverbeenwrittenC.thathaswrittenD.thathavewritten4.Sheisnottheonlyoneofthegirls___wellinclass.A.whichsingsB.whosingC.whosingsD.whotosing3.Thisisoneofthebestbo425.I，______yourgoodfriend,willtrymybesttohelpyouout.A、whoisB、whatisC、whatamD、whoamD5.I，______yourgoodfriend,43考點八疑問句和theone怎么回事考點八疑問句441.Isthisfactory____wevisitedlastweek?D2.Isthisthefactory____wevisitedlastWeek?A、whereB、thatC、towhichD、theoneB解題關鍵：如果是疑問句式，將其轉化為陳述句式。1.Isthisfactory____wev453.Howdoyoulikethebook?

It’squitedifferentfrom_____Ireadlastmonth.

A.thatB.which

C.theoneD.theonewhat

C3.Howdoyoulikethebook?

465.Thecollegewon’ttakeanyone_____eyesightisweak.A、whoB、whoseC、ofwhomD、whichB6.Those_____totakepartinthegamewritedownyournames.A、whoB、whowantC、whowantsD、whatB5.Thecollegewon’ttakeanyo47解題思路:判斷出先行詞題干句如果是疑問句式，將其轉化為陳述句式。分析從句的句子結構，在定語從句中，缺什么，就補什么：缺主或賓語，用關系代詞；缺狀語，用關系副詞4.注意標點符號和題干中是否存在并列連詞and,but等。解題思路:判斷出先行詞48Correctthesentences:1.I’musingthepenwhichheboughtityesterday.2.Isthatfactorywhichyourfatheronceworkedin?3.ThemanwhomIspokeisfromCanada.4.July1,2019isthedaywhenwe’llneverforget.^^__(去掉)which____totheoneCorrectthesentences:1.I’mu49Correctthesentences:5.IstillremembertheholidaysIstayedwiththem.6.I’mgoingtoworkinthehospitalwhereneedsme.7.Thosethathaven’tbeentotheWestLakewillgatherattheschoolgate.8.Idon’tlikethewaywhichyoutalkedtoyourfriend.inwhen____who___(that/which)^^Correctthesentences:5.Isti50Correctthesentence