高一下學(xué)期期末考試英語(yǔ)試卷帶答案解析

第第頁(yè)高一下學(xué)期期末考試英語(yǔ)試卷(帶答案解析）（滿(mǎn)分：150分；考試時(shí)間：120分鐘）學(xué)校:___________班級(jí)：___________姓名：___________考號(hào)：___________一、完形填空Ilovemyfather.He’stheparentwhoIthoughtunderstoodme.ButwhenIwasgrowingup,hewas1home.Heworkedovertimeasanaccountant,lateintotheeveningduringtheweek,alldaySaturdayandmostSundays.Evenifhewashome,andwasn’tworkingathisdesk,Ihadto2him,becauseIwasoneofthreedaughters.AllthoseyearsinmychildhoodIlongedformyfather’s3.Onedaymyfatherwasworkingathisdesk.I4himthereandstoodbesidethedesk.5inhiswriting,hedidn’tnoticeme.TolethimknowIwasthere,Iliftedmyplasticwatergunandshothimintheface.Thisfrightenedhimandheroaredlikeatiger.Idashedoutoftheroomanddownthestairs.Iwasso6becauseI’dneverseenhimangrybefore.Momentslater,heappearedatthetopofthestairs,7hisarmsandlaughed;hisarmsandlaughinvitedmetorunbackupthestairsandintohishugehug.Comfortingmesoftly,he8forscaringme.Ikeptreplayingthe9inmymindforathousandtimes.MysensethatIcouldn’treachmyfatherstayedwithmeevenwhenIwasgrown.Wellintoadulthood,IfeltthatIcouldnever10thefathertimeI’dmissedasachild.ButitturnedoutthatIcould.AndIdid.The11startedwhenmyfatherretired.Oneday,Icalledwhenmymotherwasout.Myfatheransweredthephone,andhecouldn’thandmeovertomymother,12westartedtotalk.Hetoldmehe’dbeenthinkingabouthisgrandfather,andIaskedabouthim.Hebegantellingme.I13thatwhenIaskedhimabouthispast,hestayedonthephone.Andtheolderhegot,themore14

myfatherwastotalkabouthispast,especiallyhischildhood.Inhisdetaileddescriptions,Ifelthewasrecreatingtheworldofhischildhood,and15mein.Thestorieshetoldbecameaworldweinhabitedtogether.Heintroducedmetothepeopleheknewthere,andtothechildhewas.Ireallycherishmyfather’sstoriesandwillpassthemontothenextgeneration.1．A．rarely B．merely C．frequently D．gradually2．A．watch B．follow C．share D．support3．A．impression B．a(chǎn)ttention C．explanation D．presentation4．A．a(chǎn)pproached B．ignored C．monitored D．comforted5．A．Concerned B．Experienced C．Disappointed D．Absorbed6．A．a(chǎn)nnoyed B．depressed C．scared D．bored7．A．crossed B．spread C．swung D．moved8．A．a(chǎn)pologized B．complained C．hesitated D．joked9．A．view B．message C．voice D．scene10．A．cutbackon B．makeupfor C．keepupwithD．lookforwardto11．A．change B．success C．tradition D．silence12．A．but B．or C．for D．so13．A．proposed B．discovered C．recalled D．predicted14．A．serious B．confident C．eager D．reasonable15．A．reminding B．pushing C．requiring D．inviting二、用單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成短文閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫(xiě)1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Chinahasachievedatotalvictoryinliftingthewholenationoutofpoverty(貧困).ThepovertyreliefpolicywasputforwardinNovember2013.16(finish)thistask,about800,000officialshavebeensenttoworkatlocallevels.Inthepast8years,China17(lift)98.99millionpoorrural18(resident)-apopulationlargerthanallbutafewcountries-outofpovertyunderthecurrentpovertyline.閱讀下列短文,根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空.在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫(xiě)1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~,在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空.請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡指定區(qū)域作答。TheScreamwaspaintedbyEdvardMunchin1893.19makesitstrikingisthatitshowsathinfigurewithanexpressionoffear—thefigure'smouthiswideopen,20(let)outapowerfulscream.Thefigurecovershisorherearsandlooksdirectlyattheviewer.Thisfigure21(set)onabridgeaboveadark,stormysea,andagainstaburningorange—redsky.三、選用適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或短語(yǔ)補(bǔ)全句子選詞填空beaddictedto；getusedto；belongto；tendto；innovationembarrass；makeexcuse；betoblame；haveinfluenceon；getstuckin22．Shefelt_____aboutnotbeingabletoanswerthequestion.23．They_______themud,andthisforcesthemtogiveupthechase.24．Eventhoughinrecentyears,thepriceofpetrolgoesup,peoplestill_______tousetheircars.25．Heisthepersonwhoalwayscomesupwith_______ideas.26．Humanactivity_______theconservationofenvironment.27．Expertsareworriedthatanewvirusmay________forthespreadofthedisease.28．I__________gotobedearlierduringthewinter.29．Thesebooks________me.30．Afterthreeweeksshehad______theextremeheat.31．Tobefrank,we______ourcars,thisisanationonwheels.四、根據(jù)中英文提示填寫(xiě)單詞32．Toapersonnothingismorep______________(寶貴的)thantheirlife.(根據(jù)中英文提示單詞拼寫(xiě))33．Theeditorsadmittedthemistakeanda________(道歉)tothereaders.(根據(jù)中英文提示填空)34．Evenifyoucan’tcook,you’llfindthesemealsquickandc__________(方便的)toprepare.(根據(jù)中英文提示單詞拼寫(xiě))35．Thefailuresmadethescientistssadandd________(失望的),butthedesiretolaunchaspacelabintospaceneverdied.（根據(jù)中英文提示填空)36．Whenyou’redesigningthehandbook,pleasemakesurethatitc________(包含)alltheimportantinformation.(根據(jù)中英文提示填空)五、閱讀理解IamFionnFerreira,anIrishteenager.Thankyoujudgesforthishonorandgivingthisawardinmyhand.Iamverydelightedtohavewon$50,000formyproject.MyprojectcameaboutasIwasconstantlyhearingaboutplasticpollutiononthenews.AndIalsoseetherealeffectsonourbeacheseveryday.Idiscovered,tomyshock,thatatpresentnofiltration(過(guò)濾)formicroplasticstakesplaceinanyEuropeanwastewatertreatmentcenters,soIsetupmyprojectandstartedlookingforasolution.Seeingthattherewasnone,Idecidedtostudyfurther,finallyfindingawaytousethefberofluid(鐵磁流體),aliquidwhichstickstotheplasticallowingittoberemovedusingmagnets(磁體).Afterover1,000testsIhaveprovedthatmymethodwouldremove87%orhigherofmicroplastics.IgrewupinWestCork,Ireland.Myhometownissurroundedbyuntouchednature.Thishasbeenmyfirstinspirationabouthownatureworks.Isoondiscoveredthatsciencereallywasineverything.ThefactthatIlivedinsucharemoteplacemeantthatIhadtobuildmyownequipmentandlabtodotestsandexperiments.InspiredbyscientistssuchasBenFeringaandhisworkwithorganicchemistryandnanotechnology(納米技術(shù)),Iwouldliketostudychemistryorchemicalengineeringwhenfinishingmylastyearofsecondaryschool.BothofthesesubjectswillbesuitedtomeasIreallyenjoyproblem-solvingandexperiments.Oneofthemostvaluablerewardsfromthesciencefairformeistheopportunitytopresentmyworktoagroupofprofessionaljudges.Winningtheprizeisagreathonortomeasthisisarecognitionofmyprojectandideas.Also,theprizewillgivemyprojectmoreattention.ThereisnothingIwouldliketoseemorethanmyprojecttobeusedinremovingmicroplasticsinouroceansworldwide.37．WhydidFionnsetuptheproject?A．Towintheprize. B．Tocleantheair.C．Toremovemicroplastics. D．Tobuildawastewatercenter.38．Accordingtoparagraph3,whatgaveFionnthecreativeideas?A．Thesandybeaches. B．Thenatureofhishometown.C．Thenewtechnology. D．Theresultsofhisexperiments.39．Accordingtothepassage,whichwordcanbestdescribeFionn?A．Honest. B．Determined. C．Fearless. D．Humorous.40．Thispassagemightbe_________.A．a(chǎn)newsreport B．a(chǎn)sciencesurveyC．a(chǎn)thanks-givingletter D．a(chǎn)nawardingspeechWhalesareanimportantpartoftheocean.Theymaintaintheoceanecosystembyprovidingimportantnutrientsforphytoplankton(浮游植物),microscopicorganism(微生物)intheocean,togrowasfoodforfishandotheranimals.Phytoplanktonalsocarryoutphotosynthesis(光合作用)tokeepcarbondioxidelevellowintheatmospheretokeeptheEarthcool.So,withoutwhales,theoceanswouldn’tbehealthy.Currently,NorthAtlanticrightwhalesarecriticallyendangered.ScientistsfromUniversityofSouthCarolinaandCornellUniversityimaginedthatitisthewarmeroceanwatersthatforcewhalestogotonewplacesthatdon’thaverules,suchasspeedlimitsforships,shorterfishingseasons,etc.,toprotectwhales.Toseeifclimatechangescanexplainthelossofwhales,scientistsanalyzedthewatertemperatureneartheGulfofMaine,thefeedingplaceofthewhales.ThetemperatureisaffectedbythepositionofGulfStreamwhichbringswarmwaterfromthesouth.Theyalsolookedatpopulationdataforthewhalesandtheirfood,whichisprimarilysmallshrimpsandcrabscalledcopepods.Theyestimatedhowthewhalepopulationchangedbasedonthenumberofwhalesightings,whalebirthandtheirbodies.Finally,theyanalyzedhowthechangeinthewatertemperaturerelatedtothechangeinthewhalepopulation.Theresultshowedthatsince2010,theGulfStreamhasbeenfarthernorththaneverbefore,bringingwarmerwaterstotheregion.Thepopulationdatashowsasignificantdecreaseincopepodspopulationbeginningin2010.Thismeanstherehasbeenlessfoodavailableforthewhales.ThebestexplanationisthatglobalwarmingiscausingthenorthwardshiftoftheGulfStream,whichisconsistentwithclimatechange,andmakingthewatersneartheGulfofMainewarmer.However,copepodsprefercoldwater.Warmerwaterwakesthemtooearly,theymissthenutritiousspringphytoplanktonbloomtheyneedtogrow.Besides,whentheGulfStreamisfarthernorth,lesscopepodsarebroughtintotheGulfofMaine.Withfoodlevelstoolow,fewerwhalesareborn,andfewersurvive.Tofindenoughfood,somewhalesswimnorthtotheGulfofSt.Lawrence.Therefore,thereweremorewhalesightingsthere.Italsoexplainswhythereweremorewhaledeathsintheareain2017and2019.Bylookingatthecarcasses,scientistsknowthatshipshitthewhales,ortheygottrappedinfishinggear.So,climatechangebothmakesthewhales’foodshorterandcausesthemtomovetonewplaces,makingithardertoprotectthem.Globalwarmingdoesn’tonlychangetheweather;itchangestheocean.Toprotectoceanspeciesandkeepouroceanshealthy,governmentsneedtoadjusthowtheymanagetheocean.41．ScientistsinthestudycollectedthefollowingtypesofdataEXCEPTthe______.A．temperaturesofwaters B．populationofwhalesC．populationofcopepods D．populationofphytoplankton42．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisFALSEaccordingtothearticle?A．Whalesmovetogetenoughcopepodstoeat.B．Copepodsneedphytoplanktontogrow.C．Phytoplanktoncauseglobalwarming.D．GlobalwarmingcausestheshiftofGulfStream.43．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“carcass”inparagraph7mean?A．deadbody B．woundedbodyC．trappedbody D．lostbody44．Whatshouldthegovernmentsdotosavethewhalesaccordingtotheauthor?A．Governmentsshouldcontroloceantrafficsthatkillthewhales.B．Governmentsshouldtakemeanstoslowdownglobalwarming.C．Governmentsshouldbanfishingintheareawherethewhaleslive.D．GovernmentsshouldkeepthewarmwaterawayfromtheGulfofMaine.SearchengineshavechangedthewayweusetheInternet,puttingvastsourcesofinformationjustafewclicksaway.ButHarvardprofessorofpsychologyLineDanielWegner’srecentresearchprovesthatwebsitesandtheInternetarechangingthewayourmemoriesfunction.Hislateststudyshowsthatwhenpeoplehaveaccesstosearchengines,theyrememberfewerfactsandlessinformationbecausetheyknowtheycanrelyon“search”asareadilyavailableshortcut.WegnerbelievesthenewfindingsshowthattheInternethasbecomepartofatransactivememory(交互記憶)source,amethodbywhichourbrainsdivideinformation.Transactivememoryexistsinmanyforms,aswhenahusbandreliesonhiswifetorememberarelative’sbirthday.Youdon’thavetoremembereverythingintheworldyourself.Youjusthavetorememberwhoknowsit.Nowcomputersandtechnologyarebecomingvirtualextensionsofourmemory.Wegnerconductedseveralexperimentstodemonstratethephenomenon,usingvariousformsofmemoryrecalltotestrelianceoncomputers.Inoneexperiment,participantsdemonstratedthattheyweremorelikelytothinkofcomputertermslike“Yahoo”or“Google”afterbeingaskedasetofdifficulttriviaquestions.Inanotherexperiment,participantstypedsomestatementsintoacomputerandtheyweretoldthestatementswouldbesavedinspecificfolders.Next,theywereaskedtorecallthestatements.Finally,theyweregivencuestothewordingandaskedtonamethefolderswherethestatementswerestored.Theparticipantsprovedbetterabletorecallthefolderlocationsthanthestatementsthemselves.Wegneradmitsthatquestionsremainaboutwhetherdependenceoncomputerswillaffectmemoriesnegatively:“Nobodyknowsnowwhattheeffectsofthesetoolsareonlogicalthinking.”Studentswhohavetroublerememberingdistinctfacts,forexample,maystruggletoemploythosefactsincriticalthinking.Buthebelievesthatthesituationoverallisbeneficial,comparingdependenceoncomputerstodependenceonamechanicalhand(機(jī)械手).Andeventhoughwemaynotbeusingourmemoriestorecalldistinctfacts,wearestillusingthemtoconsiderwherethefactsarelocatedandhowtoaccessthem.“Westillhavetorememberthings,”Wegnerexplains.“We’rejustrememberingadifferentrangeofthings.”45．Whydoesthewritermention“ahusbandreliesonhiswifetorememberarelative’sbirthday”inParagraph2?A．Toshowthatpeoplewhoarecloselyrelatedtendtohavesharedmemories.B．Todemonstratehowpeopleinitiallydevelopedexternalsourcesofmemory.C．Toemphasizetheeffectivenessandaccuracyoftransactivememorysources.D．Toillustratetheconceptofatransactivememorysourceusingafamiliarsituation.46．Whatdopeopletendtodointheexperimentwhenaskedtoprovideunfamiliarfacts?A．Thinkofspecificinformationsources.B．Recallthemfromtheirdeepmemories.C．Typeintocomputerandrememberthem.D．Linktheunfamiliarfactstotheirexperiences.47．Whatcanbeinferredfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A．Relianceoncomputersdoesnotnecessarilyreducehumanmemory.B．Computershavehelpedpeopletounderstandthememorysystembetter.C．Computerdependenceaffectsourthinkingcapacitiesinotherdistinctfields.D．Researchesshouldbedonetorevealthesideeffectofcomputerdependence.六、七選五Theword“diary”comesfromtheLatinword“diarium”,whichmeans“dailyallowance”.48Anditisusedforbusinessnotes,planningactivities,keepingtrackofscheduledappointments,ordocumentingwhathasalreadyhappened.Somedoctorssuggestthatwritinginadiaryisagoodformofself-study.InAmerica,fromthe1940sthroughthe1980s,adiarywasthoughtofmostlyasawaytoprivatelyexpressone’sdeepestthoughtswhilekeepingnotationsabouttheday.

49Manytimes,movieswouldshowateenagegirlbeginningtowriteinherdiarywhileshesaidaloud,“Deardiary”50AdiarykeptbyayoungGermanJewishgirlbythenameofAnneFrankprovidesuswithinvaluablelessonsabouthistory,forshedocumentedherexperienceswhileshehidfromtheNazisduringtheiroccupationoftheNetherlandsinWorldWarII.Herdiarybecameoneoftheworld’smostwidelyreadbooksandisthebasisformanyfilms.SamuelPepys,wholivedduringthe17thcentury,istheearliestdiarykeeperthatisfamoustoday.Hisdiaryisalsoanimportantdocumentationofhistory,foritgivespersonalinsight（洞察力）intoLondon’sGreatPlagueandtheGreatFire.HisdiaryisbeingpublishedontheInternet,andit’sinterestingtonotethattherehasbeenanewentryeverydaysinceJanuaryof2003.Itwillcontinueoverthecourseofseveralyearstocome.51Today’selectronicversionofthediary,theweblogor“blog”hasonceagainstretchedthediarytobemuchmorethanapersonalaccountoftheday’sevents.Thereareblogstodocumentrecipes,traveling,movies,independentnews,productannouncements,photos,andanythingelsethatneedstoberecordedovertime.SearchengineslikeTechnorati.comhavebeencreatedtokeeptrackofthemorethan112millionblogsthatarecurrentlypublic.52A．Itreferstoabookforwritingsbydate.B．Initsnewestform,thediaryhasbecomemorepopularthanever.C．Readinghisdiaryisfascinating,anditmakeshislifeallthemorerealtous.D．Peoplelovetowritediaries,sowhenevertheyarefree,theywillwriteafewlines.E．Thoseprivatereflectionsmayhavehistoricalsignificancelongaftertheauthor’sdeath.F．Nowadays,thebloghastakentheplaceofthediaryandbecomesmoreandmorepopular.G．Inthosetimes,andevencontinuingontoday,writinginadiarywaslikewritingtoaspecialfriend.七、閱讀表達(dá)閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問(wèn)題.TheImpactofSocialMediaonAdolescents(青少年)Usingsocialmediahasbecomearoutineactivityformostyoungpeople.Inrecentyearsthenumberofyoungpeopleusingsocialmediahasincreaseddramatically,soalargepartoftheirsocialandemotionaldevelopmentisoccurringwhiletheyareontheInternet.Socialmediaallowyoungpeopletoachievemanyoftheonlinetasksthatareimportanttothemoffline:stayingconnectedwithfriendsandfamily,makingnewfriends,andexchangingideas.Someschoolssuccessfullyuseblogsasteachingtools,whichhasthebenefitofimprovingskillsinwrittenexpressionandcreativity.Atthesametime,socialmediahelpsthemgetwhattheywant,increasetheirknowledgeandconfidenceintheiracademic(學(xué)業(yè)的)performance.Whilesocialmediaprovidesmanybenefits,itcanalsohaveanegativeimpactonyoungpeople,bothphysicallyandmentally.Itiseasytobecomeaddicted,andresearchshowsthatstudentswhospendtoomuchtimeonsocialmediacansufferfrompoorsleep,eyefatigue,negativebodyimage,depression,anxietyandmore.Researchalsoindicatesthattherearefrequentonlineexpressionsofofflinebehaviours,whichhaveintroducedproblemssuchascyberbullyingandonlineharassment(騷擾).Usingsocialmediabecomesarisktoadolescentsmorethantheycanrealise.Whenpeoplegoontowebsites,theyleaveevidenceoftheirvisits.Thisongoingrecordofonlineactivityiscalledthe“digitalfootprint”.Oneofthebiggestthreatstoyoungpeopleonsocialmediaistotheirdigitalfootprintandfuturereputations(名譽(yù)).Youngpeoplewholackanawarenessofprivacyissuesoftenpostinappropriatematerialwithoutunderstandingthat“whatgoesonlinestaysonline”.Asaresult,futurejobsandcollegeacceptancemaybeputindangerbyinexperiencedclicksofthemouse.53．Whyisalargepartofyoungpeople’ssocialandemotionaldevelopmentoccurringontheInternet?____________________________________________________________54．Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Youngpeople’simproperdigitalfootprintmayhaveanimpactoncyberbullyingandonlineharassment.____________________________________________________________55．Youhavebeenphysicallydistancedfromschoolformorethanonemonthinthisterm.Howdoyoumakefulluseofsocialmediatobetteryourlifeandstudy?

Pleasegiveoneortwoexamples.(Inabout40words)____________________________________________________________八、開(kāi)放性作文56．假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高三的學(xué)生李華。你班交換生Jim將要參加“學(xué)在中國(guó)”留學(xué)生漢語(yǔ)演講比賽，來(lái)信向你咨詢(xún)。請(qǐng)你給他寫(xiě)一封郵件，內(nèi)容包括：1.推薦一個(gè)演講話題；2.說(shuō)明推薦的理由；3.建議他做哪些準(zhǔn)備工作。注意：1.詞數(shù)不少于50；2.郵件的開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。DearJim,_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua參考答案1．A2．C3．B4．A5．D6．C7．B8．A9．D10．B11．A12．D13．B14．C15．D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文，作者小時(shí)候父親工作很忙，很少關(guān)注到作者，作者一度認(rèn)為自己無(wú)法彌補(bǔ)孩童時(shí)期錯(cuò)過(guò)的父愛(ài)時(shí)光，后來(lái)隨著父親退休，他向作者分享自己的過(guò)去，作者非常珍惜父親的故事并打算傳遞下去。1．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：但在我成長(zhǎng)過(guò)程中他很少在家。A.rarely很少，罕見(jiàn)；B.merely僅僅；C.frequently經(jīng)常，頻繁地；D.gradually逐漸。根據(jù)下一句“Heworkedovertimeasanaccountant,lateintotheeveningduringtheweek,alldaySaturdayandmostSundays.(作為一名會(huì)計(jì)，他經(jīng)常加班，周六全天和大部分周日都要加班到深夜)”可知，父親工作很忙，很少在家。故選A項(xiàng)。2．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：即使他在家，不在他的辦公桌前工作，我也不得不分?jǐn)偹臅r(shí)間，因?yàn)槲沂侨齻€(gè)女兒中的一個(gè)。A.watch觀看；B.follow跟隨；C.share共享，分?jǐn)?；D.support支持。根據(jù)“becauseIwasoneofthreedaughters”可知，父親有三個(gè)女兒，即使父親在家不工作時(shí)，作者也只能和兩個(gè)姐妹分?jǐn)偢赣H的陪伴。故選C項(xiàng)。3．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：童年的那些年里，我一直渴望得到父親的關(guān)注。A.impression印象；B.attention注意力，關(guān)心；C.explanation解釋?zhuān)籇.presentation展示會(huì)，陳述。上文提到父親經(jīng)常不在家，且由下文作者為了讓父親注意到自己的存在用玩具水槍噴父親可知，此處指渴望得到父親的關(guān)注。故選B項(xiàng)。4．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我走近他，站在書(shū)桌旁。A.approached接近；B.ignored忽視；C.monitored監(jiān)控；D.comforted安慰。根據(jù)“stoodbesidethedesk.”可知，父親在書(shū)桌前工作，作者走近父親，站在書(shū)桌旁邊。故選A項(xiàng)。5．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他專(zhuān)心寫(xiě)作，沒(méi)有注意到我。A.Concerned相關(guān)的，擔(dān)心的；B.Experienced有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的；C.Disappointed失望的；D.Absorbed全神貫注的。根據(jù)“hedidn’tnoticeme”可知，父親因?qū)Ｐ膶?xiě)作而沒(méi)有注意到作者。故選D項(xiàng)。6．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我很害怕，因?yàn)槲覐臎](méi)見(jiàn)過(guò)他生氣。A.annoyed惱怒的；B.depressed沮喪的；C.scared害怕的；D.bored無(wú)聊的。根據(jù)“becauseI’dneverseenhimangrybefore.”可知，父親生氣了，作者很害怕。下文“he___8___forscaringme.”也是提示。故選C項(xiàng)。7．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：過(guò)了一會(huì)兒，他出現(xiàn)在樓梯頂上，伸開(kāi)雙臂大笑起來(lái)；他的雙臂和笑聲邀請(qǐng)我跑回樓梯上，投入到他的擁抱中。A.crossed交叉，穿過(guò)；B.spread展開(kāi)，張開(kāi)；C.swung擺動(dòng)，使搖擺；D.moved移動(dòng)。根據(jù)“intohishugehug”可知，父親張開(kāi)雙臂要擁抱作者，故選B項(xiàng)。8．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他溫柔地安慰我，為嚇到我而道歉。A.apologized道歉；B.complained抱怨；C.hesitated猶豫；D.joked開(kāi)玩笑。根據(jù)“forscaringme”可知，父親為嚇到作者而道歉。故選A項(xiàng)。9．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)時(shí)的情景在我腦海里重復(fù)了一千遍。A.view觀點(diǎn)；B.message消息，信息；C.voice聲音；D.scene場(chǎng)面，情節(jié)，景象。此處指上文描述的父親笑著張開(kāi)雙臂擁抱作者，輕聲道歉的情景，作者腦海里一直回想這個(gè)情景，故選D項(xiàng)。10．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：成年后，我覺(jué)得我永遠(yuǎn)無(wú)法彌補(bǔ)我小時(shí)候錯(cuò)過(guò)的父愛(ài)時(shí)光。A.cutbackon削減；B.makeupfor彌補(bǔ)，補(bǔ)償；C.keepupwith跟上；D.lookforwardto期望。根據(jù)“thefathertimeI’dmissedasachild”可知，此處指無(wú)法彌補(bǔ)童年錯(cuò)過(guò)的父愛(ài)時(shí)光，故選B項(xiàng)。11．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：變化是從我父親退休時(shí)開(kāi)始的。A.change改變，變化；B.success成功；C.tradition傳統(tǒng)；D.silence沉默。根據(jù)上文“IfeltthatIcouldnever___10___thefathertimeI’dmissedasachild.ButitturnedoutthatIcould.”可知，作者原以為無(wú)法彌補(bǔ)童年錯(cuò)過(guò)的父愛(ài)時(shí)光，但后來(lái)證明可以彌補(bǔ)，此處指這種改變是從父親退休時(shí)開(kāi)始的。故選A項(xiàng)。12．考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：我父親接了電話，他不能把我交給我母親，所以我們開(kāi)始交談。A.but但是；B.or或者；C.for因?yàn)?；D.so所以。結(jié)合句意可知，因?yàn)闊o(wú)法讓母親接電話，所以作者只得和父親交談，前后句是因果關(guān)系，故選D項(xiàng)。13．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我發(fā)現(xiàn)當(dāng)我問(wèn)起他的過(guò)去時(shí)，他一直在電話里。A.proposed提議，建議；B.discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)；C.recalled回想；D.predicted預(yù)測(cè)?？蘸蟆皐henIaskedhimabouthispast,hestayedonthephone”是作者發(fā)覺(jué)、意識(shí)到的事情，故選B項(xiàng)。14．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)，我的父親越來(lái)越渴望談?wù)撍倪^(guò)去，尤其是他的童年。A.serious認(rèn)真的，嚴(yán)肅的；B.confident自信的；C.eager熱切的，渴望的；D.reasonable合理的。根據(jù)下文“Inhisdetaileddescriptions”可知，父親對(duì)自己的過(guò)去描述得很詳細(xì)，所以此處指年齡越大，越渴望談?wù)撟约旱倪^(guò)去，故選C項(xiàng)。15．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在他的詳細(xì)描述中，我感覺(jué)他在重新創(chuàng)造他童年的世界，并邀請(qǐng)我進(jìn)去。A.reminding提醒；B.pushing推，敦促；C.requiring需要，要求做；D.inviting邀請(qǐng)。根據(jù)下文“Thestorieshetoldbecameaworldweinhabitedtogether.Heintroducedmetothepeopleheknewthere,andtothechildhewas.(他講的故事變成了我們共同生活的世界。他把我介紹給他在那里認(rèn)識(shí)的人，以及他的童年)”可知，此處指父親通過(guò)向作者描述自己的童年而重新創(chuàng)造他的童年世界，并邀請(qǐng)作者也參與其中，故選D項(xiàng)。16．Tofinish17．haslifted18．residents【分析】本文是新聞報(bào)道。介紹中國(guó)已經(jīng)成功地徹底幫助全國(guó)擺脫貧困。扶貧政策于2013年11月提出，大量的官員被派往地方工作，成功幫助貧困人口脫貧。16．考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：為了完成這個(gè)任務(wù)，大約80萬(wàn)名官員已被派往地方各級(jí)工作。分析句子可知，finish此處為目的狀語(yǔ)，不定式形式作目的狀語(yǔ)，置句首單詞首字母大寫(xiě)，故填Tofinish。17．考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：在過(guò)去的8年里，中國(guó)已經(jīng)消除了9899萬(wàn)貧困農(nóng)村人口，按照當(dāng)前的貧困線脫離貧困的人口比除了少數(shù)國(guó)家外的大部分國(guó)家都要多。由時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)Inthepast8years可知，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)，故填haslifted。18．考查名詞。句意同上。resident“居民”是可數(shù)名詞，由98.99million修飾，用復(fù)數(shù)，故填residents。19．What20．letting21．isset【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了EdvardMunch的畫(huà)作《吶喊》。19．考查主語(yǔ)從句。句意：這幅畫(huà)富有沖擊力，畫(huà)中有一個(gè)表情恐懼的瘦弱身影——嘴巴大張,正發(fā)出強(qiáng)烈的尖叫聲。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處需用連接詞引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，從句缺少主語(yǔ)，表示具體內(nèi)容，需用連接代詞what引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，句首單詞首字母需大寫(xiě)。故填What。20．考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：同上。本句已有動(dòng)詞is，且空處沒(méi)有連詞，所以空處需用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；動(dòng)詞let與主語(yǔ)之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以空處需用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)。故填letting。21．考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：人物被設(shè)置在座橋上，橋下是漆黑的、翻滾的海面，背景是燃燒的橙紅色天空。set設(shè)置，動(dòng)詞作謂語(yǔ)；結(jié)合前一句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞covers可知，空處謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞需用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)；空處主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者，所以空處謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞需用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：bedone，主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)，所以be動(dòng)詞需用is。故填isset。22．embarrassed23．getstuckin24．makeexcuses25．innovative26．hasinfluenceon27．betoblame28．tendto29．belongto30．gotusedto31．a(chǎn)readdictedto【解析】22．考查形容詞。句意：她因回答不了這個(gè)問(wèn)題而感到尷尬。分析句子可知，此處應(yīng)用形容詞作表語(yǔ)，且根據(jù)句意可知，此處為回答不了問(wèn)題感到尷尬。故填embarrassed。23．考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：他們陷入了泥中，所以放棄了追捕。根據(jù)“他們放棄追逐”可以推斷“他們被困在泥里”，且根據(jù)“forces”可知，此句應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；主語(yǔ)“They”為復(fù)數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填getstuckin。24．考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：盡管近年來(lái)汽油價(jià)格上漲，人們?nèi)匀徽医杩谑褂闷?chē)。分析句子可知，此句描述的是客觀事實(shí)，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)為“people”，且根據(jù)“their”可知，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。makeexcuses是固定短語(yǔ)，表示“找借口”，故填makeexcuses。25．考查形容詞。句意：他是那個(gè)總能提出創(chuàng)新想法的人。分析句子可知，此處修飾名詞“ideas（想法）”，應(yīng)用“innovation”的形容詞形式“innovative（創(chuàng)新的）”。故填innovative。26．考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：人類(lèi)活動(dòng)對(duì)環(huán)境保護(hù)產(chǎn)生影響。分析句子可知，人類(lèi)活動(dòng)會(huì)影響環(huán)境保護(hù)，是客觀事實(shí)，且主語(yǔ)“Humanactivity”為單數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)。故填hasinfluenceon。27．考查固定搭配。句意：專(zhuān)家們擔(dān)心一種新的病毒可能是造成這種疾病傳播的罪魁禍?zhǔn)?。分析句子可知，一種新的病毒可能是造成這種疾病傳播的原因，且位于情態(tài)動(dòng)詞“may”后面，故填betoblame。28．考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：冬天我往往早睡。根據(jù)句意可知，“冬天傾向于早睡”且分析句子可知，此句描述的是客觀事實(shí)，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；主語(yǔ)“I”是第一人稱(chēng)。故填tendto。29．考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：這些書(shū)屬于我。分析句子可知，此句描述的是客觀事實(shí)，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，且主語(yǔ)“Thesebooks”是復(fù)數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填belongto。30．考查固定搭配和時(shí)態(tài)。句意：三個(gè)星期后，她就習(xí)慣了酷熱的天氣。根據(jù)句意可知，此處應(yīng)為“習(xí)慣酷熱天氣”，且此句應(yīng)為過(guò)去完成時(shí)。故填gotusedto。31．考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：坦率地說(shuō)，我們沉溺于汽車(chē)，這是一個(gè)車(chē)輪上的國(guó)家。根據(jù)“這是一個(gè)車(chē)輪上的國(guó)家”可以推斷“我們沉溺于汽車(chē)”，且此句描述的是客觀事實(shí)，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)“we”是復(fù)數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填areaddictedto。32．precious/recious【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：對(duì)一個(gè)人來(lái)說(shuō)，沒(méi)有什么比生命更寶貴。根據(jù)單詞首字母和漢語(yǔ)提示“寶貴的”可知，空格處應(yīng)用“precious”，意為“寶貴的”，形容詞詞性，在句中作表語(yǔ)。故填precious。33．a(chǎn)pologized/pologized/apologised/pologised【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞和時(shí)態(tài)。句意：編輯們承認(rèn)了錯(cuò)誤并向讀者道歉。根據(jù)單詞首字母和漢語(yǔ)提示“道歉”可知，空格處涉及單詞“apologize”，意為“道歉”，動(dòng)詞詞性，也可寫(xiě)作“apologise”，根據(jù)句中“admitted”可知，句子陳述的是過(guò)去發(fā)生的事，為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，空格處應(yīng)用“apologize”的過(guò)去式“apologized”，或用“apologise”的過(guò)去式“apologised”。故填apologized/apologised。34．convenient/onvenient【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：即使你不會(huì)做飯，你也會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)這些飯菜準(zhǔn)備起來(lái)既快捷又方便。根據(jù)中文提示和首字母可知，表示“方便的”應(yīng)用形容詞convenient，在本句中作賓補(bǔ)。故填convenient。35．disappointed/isappointed【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：這些失敗使科學(xué)家們感到悲傷和失望，但是把太空實(shí)驗(yàn)室發(fā)射到太空的愿望從未消失。根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)和首字母提示可知，disappointed失望的，形容詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，符合題意。故填disappointed。36．contains/ontains【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞和時(shí)態(tài)。句意：當(dāng)你在設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè)時(shí)，請(qǐng)確保手冊(cè)包含所有重要信息。根據(jù)單詞首字母和漢語(yǔ)提示“包含”可知，空格處涉及單詞“contain”，意為“包含”，動(dòng)詞詞性，根據(jù)句意可知，句子陳述的是客觀事實(shí)，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，句子主語(yǔ)為“it”，故空格處應(yīng)用“contain”的第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)“contains”。故填contains。37．C38．B39．B40．D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。作者FionnFerreira是一個(gè)科學(xué)比賽的獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)?。他介紹了自己使用鐵磁流體從水中去除微塑料的實(shí)驗(yàn)項(xiàng)目及獲獎(jiǎng)的經(jīng)歷,表達(dá)了自己對(duì)科學(xué)的熱愛(ài)。37．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Idiscovered,tomyshock,thatatpresentnofiltration(過(guò)濾)formicroplasticstakesplaceinanyEuropeanwastewatertreatmentcenters,soIsetupmyprojectandstartedlookingforasolution.(令我震驚的是，我發(fā)現(xiàn)目前歐洲任何污水處理中心都沒(méi)有對(duì)微塑料進(jìn)行過(guò)濾，所以我開(kāi)始尋找解決方案)”以及第二段第一句“Seeingthattherewasnone,Idecidedtostudyfurther,finallyfindingawaytousethefberofluid(鐵磁流體)，aliquidwhichstickstotheplasticallowingittoberemovedusingmagnets(磁體).(沒(méi)有看到解決方案，我決定進(jìn)一步調(diào)查，最終找到了一種使用鐵磁流體的方法，這種液體可以粘在塑料上，用磁鐵將其移除)”可知，作者研究該項(xiàng)目的目的就是去除水中的微塑料。故選C項(xiàng)。38．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Myhometownissurroundedbyuntouchednature.Thishasbeenmyfirstinspirationabouthownatureworks.(我的家鄉(xiāng)被原始的自然環(huán)境包圍著。這是我對(duì)大自然的第一次啟發(fā)。)”可知，是FionnFerreira家鄉(xiāng)的原生態(tài)啟發(fā)了他做出該項(xiàng)發(fā)明。故選B。39．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Isoondiscoveredthatsciencereallywasineverything.ThefactthatIlivedinsucharemoteplacemeantthatIhadtobuildmyownequipmentandlabtodotestsandexperiments.(我很快發(fā)現(xiàn)科學(xué)真的存在于一切事物中。事實(shí)上，我住在這樣一個(gè)偏遠(yuǎn)的地方，