高中名詞性從句總結(jié)課件

名詞性從句在句子中起名詞作用。功能相當(dāng)于名詞詞組，在復(fù)合句中擔(dān)任主語、賓語、表語、同位語、介詞賓語……名詞性從句可分為主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句、同位語從句。1A名詞性從句在句子中起名詞作用。1ARelatedConception(相關(guān)概念)1.名詞:表示人或事物的名稱的詞叫名詞。2.名詞在句子當(dāng)中一般可以作什么成分?名詞在句中主要作主語、賓語、表語和同位語。TheboyisliMing.主語表語Mr.Liang,a24-year-oldboy,teachesusEnglish.主語同位語賓語2ARelatedConception(相關(guān)概念)1.名詞:在英語的句子結(jié)構(gòu)中，本來該由名詞充當(dāng)?shù)闹髡Z、賓語、表語和同位語，由一個(gè)句子來充當(dāng),這個(gè)句子就叫名詞性從句。什么是名詞性從句?名詞性從句主語從句(TheSubjectClause)賓語從句(TheObjectClause)

表語從句(ThePredicativeClause)同位語從句(TheAppositiveClause)3A在英語的句子結(jié)構(gòu)中，本來該由名詞充當(dāng)?shù)闹髡Z、賓語、表語和同位一、主語從句定義：在句子中起主語作用的從句稱為主語從句。連接主語從句的連接詞主要有三類：連接詞：that、whether…連接代詞：what、who、whose、whatever、whichever、whoever…連接副詞：when、where、why、how4A一、主語從句定義：在句子中起主語作用的從句稱為主語從句。4A1.連接詞引導(dǎo)：that、whether例：Thatthecollegewilltakeinmorenewstudentsthisyearistrue.今年這所大學(xué)將招收更多新生是真的。

Thatthewhetherbecomeswarmeristheresultofpollution.天氣變暖是污染的結(jié)果。

Whetherhecanfinishhistaskontimeisofgreatimportance.他是否能按時(shí)完成任務(wù)非常重要。Whetheryoucansucceedornotdependsonhowhardyouworkatit.你是否能成功取決于你努力地程度。5A1.連接詞引導(dǎo)：that、whether5A2.連接代詞引導(dǎo)例：Whatwecan’tgetseemsbetterthanwhatwealreadyhave.我們得不到的東西似乎比我們擁有的東西更好。

Whotheletterwasfromisstillunknown.這封信是誰郵寄的還不清楚。

Whicheverofyougetsherefirstwillgettheprize.你們當(dāng)中第一個(gè)達(dá)到這里的人將獲得獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)。6A2.連接代詞引導(dǎo)6A_____wearesureaboutistheneedtopreventchildrenfrombeingspoiled.WhatB.WhichC.whetherD.ThatWhat一方面引導(dǎo)主語從句；另一方面在句中做about的賓語。7A_____wearesureaboutisthe3.連接副詞引導(dǎo)例：Howmedicinereducesandrelievespainisunclear.藥物是如何減輕和解除疼痛的還不清楚。

Whytheysuddenlydisappearedstillremainsamystery.它們?yōu)槭裁赐蝗幌н€是個(gè)迷。

8A3.連接副詞引導(dǎo)8AExercise1_______shesaidpuzzledhim._______shesaidsuchathingpuzzledhim._____________weshouldsendtotakepartinthepartyistobediscussed._______theydon’twanttodroptheplanisclear._______hefinishedtheworkinsoshorttimeremainsaquestion.________itisgoingtosnowthiseveningisnotcertain.WhatWhyWhom/whoThatHowWhether9AExercise1WhatWhyWhom/whoThatExercise2______________________________________(月球上沒有生命)isknowntoall.2._________________________(我在會(huì)議上說的)mustbekeptsecret.3.______________________(是否這件事是真的)remainsaquestion.4.______________________________________(我們什么時(shí)候開會(huì))istobediscussed.Thatthereisnolifeonthemoon

WhatIsaidatthemeetingWhetheritistrueWhenwewillhavethemeeting10AExercise2Thatthereisnolif形式主語it替代主語從句：It是形式主語，that引導(dǎo)的從句是真正的主語。①it+系動(dòng)詞+形容詞+that從句Itisnecessarythat…有必要…Itisimportantthat….重要的是…Itisobviousthat……很明顯……Itisquiteclearthatthewholeprojectisdoomedtofailure.很清楚，整個(gè)計(jì)劃注定要失敗。②it+系動(dòng)詞+名詞+that從句

Itiscommonknowledgethat……是常識(shí)Itisasurprisethat….令人驚奇的是…Itisafactthat……事實(shí)是……Itisourhopethatthetwosideswillworktowardspeace.我們的希望是雙方能朝著和平的方向發(fā)展。

11A形式主語it替代主語從句：11A③it+be+動(dòng)詞的-ed形式+that從句Itisbelievedthat…人們相信…Itisknowntous/allthat….眾所周知…Ithasbeendecidedthat……已經(jīng)決定……Itisannouncedthattheplanhadbeensuccessfullycarriedout.據(jù)宣布，計(jì)劃正在順利實(shí)施。④It+不及物動(dòng)詞＋that從句Itappearsthat…似乎…Ithappensthat….碰巧…Itoccurredtomethat……我突然想起……12A③it+be+動(dòng)詞的-ed形式+that從句1Exercise1Itisawonder_____youweren'tinjured.Itisstillunknown______and______thistookplace.Itmakesnodifferencetome_________heisrichorpoor.Itisnotyetdecided_______istotakeherplaceassecretary.Itissaid______thisplazahas15cinemas.Itdoesn'tmatter_______youaregoingtodoit.thatwhenwherewhetherwhothatwhether13AExercise1Itisawonder_____Exercise2你昨天錯(cuò)過了這部新的電影，真是太遺憾了。他們將要在這里建一個(gè)新的醫(yī)院是真的嗎？據(jù)說我們清明節(jié)要放三天假。4.他是否掙很多很多錢對(duì)我來說并不重要。Itisapitythatyoumissedthenewmovieyesterday.Isittruethattheyaregoingtosetupanewhospitalhere?Itissaidthatwe’lltakethreedaysoffonTombSweepingDay.Itisn’timportanttomewhetherhecanmakealotofmoney.14AExercise2你昨天錯(cuò)過了這部新的電影，真是太遺憾了。二、賓語從句定義：在句子中起賓語作用的從句稱為賓語從句。引導(dǎo)賓語從句的連接詞主要有三類：連接詞：that、whether、if連接代詞：what、who、whose、whatever、whichever、whoever連接副詞：when、where、why、how15A二、賓語從句定義：在句子中起賓語作用的從句稱為賓語從句。151.連接詞引導(dǎo)例：Ithink(that)youshouldturntotheteacherforhelp.我認(rèn)為你應(yīng)該向老師尋求幫助。Istilldon’tknowif/whetherhestillliveshereaftersomanyyears.我不知道這么多年后他是否還住在這兒。Tinawashesitatingaboutthejobofferasshedidn’tknow______thecompanywasanestablishedone.蒂娜對(duì)那份工作有點(diǎn)遲疑，因?yàn)樗恢滥鞘欠袷且患冶徽J(rèn)定的公司。16A1.連接詞引導(dǎo)16AWhether/if都意為“是否”，一般情況下可互換?？谡Z中常用if。但是以下情況只能用whether：①與ornot連用時(shí)。Letmeknowwhetherornotyoucancome.請(qǐng)讓我知道你是否能來。②引導(dǎo)介詞賓語從句時(shí)。Weareinterestedin

whetheryouwillattendthemeetingornot.17AWhether/if都意為“是否”，一般情況下可互換?？谡Z2.連接代詞引導(dǎo)例：Sheaskedmewhosehandwritingwasthebestintheclass.她問我班上誰的書法最好。I’lljustsaywhatevercomesintomymind.3.連接副詞引導(dǎo)例：Doyouknowwhentheancientgamesbegan?你知道古代的奧運(yùn)會(huì)是什么時(shí)候開始的嗎？I’vebeenthinkingabouthowwecanmakethenewspapermoreinteresting.我一直在考慮如何使我們的報(bào)紙更有趣。18A2.連接代詞引導(dǎo)18A注1：賓語從句的語序在賓語從句中需用陳述句語序。例：Heaskedmewhenwecouldleavethenextday.(whencouldweleavethenextday?)Didyoufindoutwhereshelosthercar?

(wheredoesshelosthercar?)注2：賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)①主句的謂語動(dòng)詞是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，其賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)可以是任何適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)態(tài)，所以賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)更具實(shí)際情況而定。例：Shesays(that)sheworksfromMondaytoFriday.(從-一般現(xiàn)在)Shesays(that)shewillleaveamessageonhisdesk.（從-一般將來）Shesays(that)shehasneverbeentoMountEmei.（從-現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)）

19A注1：賓語從句的語序19A②主句的謂語動(dòng)詞是一般過去時(shí)，其賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)一般要用適當(dāng)?shù)倪^去時(shí)態(tài)。例：Hesaidtherewerenoclassesyesterdayafternoon.(從-一般過去時(shí))

Hesaidthathewasgoingtotakecareofthebaby.(從-過去將來時(shí))Hesaidthattheywerehavingameetingallthatnight.(從-過去進(jìn)行時(shí))

20A②主句的謂語動(dòng)詞是一般過去時(shí)，其賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)③當(dāng)賓語從句是表達(dá)客觀真理和規(guī)律的句子時(shí)，其時(shí)態(tài)仍舊用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。例：Theteachertoldusthatnothingisdifficultifweputourheartsintoit.老師告訴我們世上無難事，只怕有心人。Hesaidthatlighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.21A③當(dāng)賓語從句是表達(dá)客觀真理和規(guī)律的句子時(shí)，其時(shí)態(tài)賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)和語序Couldyoutellmeifit_____tomorrow?

A.rains B.israiningC.willrain D.rain2.Theteachertoldhisstudentsthesun_____intheeast.

A.rise B.rises C.rose D.risen22A賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)和語序Couldyoutellmeif3.Peterknew_______.

A.whetherhehasfinishedreadingthebook

B.whytheboyhadsomanyquestions

C.therewere12monthsinayear

D.whentheywillleaveforParis

23A3.Peterknew_______.

A.wh4.Couldyoutellme______?

A.whereisthenearestrailwaystation

B.wherethenearestrailwaystationwas

C.wherethenearestrailwaystationis

D.wherewasthenearestrailwaystation24A4.Couldyoutellme______?

5.Ireallydon'tknowifshe_______itwhenshe________.A.finds/arrives

B.finds/willarrive

C.willfind/willarrive

D.willfind/arrives25A5.Ireallydon'tknowifshe6.─Wheredoyouthink_____he____theTVset?─Sorry,I'venoidea.A./,bought

B.has,bought

C.did,buy

D.didbought26A6.─Wheredoyouthink_____h7.Canyoutellme______?

A.what'sthematterwithhim B.whatthematterwithhimis

C.whathappenedwithhim D.whatwithhimhappened

27A7.Canyoutellme______?

A使用賓語從句時(shí)需注意以下幾點(diǎn)1.動(dòng)詞find、feel、think、consider、make、believe、guess、suppose、assume等后有賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)，則需要用it做形式賓語，而將that賓語從句后置。例：Ithinkitnecessarythatwetakeplentyofboiledwatereveryday.我認(rèn)為每天多喝開水是有必要的。IhavemadeitarulethatIkeepdiaries.我每天寫日記成了習(xí)慣。28A使用賓語從句時(shí)需注意以下幾點(diǎn)1.動(dòng)詞find、feel、t2.賓語從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移將think、believe、suppose、expect、fancy、imagine等動(dòng)詞后面賓語從句的否定，轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中。-----即主句的謂語動(dòng)詞用否定式，而從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用肯定式。例：IthinkIdon’tknowyou.（F）Idon’tthinkIknowyou.（T）我想我并不認(rèn)識(shí)你。我相信他不會(huì)來。Idon’tbelievehewillcome.29A2.賓語從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移29A在句中充當(dāng)主語的從句叫做主語從句。他星期三來這里是肯定的。hewillcomehereonWednesdayiscertain.他星期三是否來這里還不肯定的。hewillcomehereonWednesdayisnotcertain.That主語從句

Whether

Whathesaidisnottrue.Whobrokethewindowhasnotbeenfoundout.Howheescapedisstillamystery.Whomsheborrowedmoneyfromstillpuzzledhim.30A在句中充當(dāng)主語的從句叫做主語從句。他星期三來這里是肯定的。Exercise1_______shesaidpuzzledhim._______shesaidsuchathingpuzzledhim._____________weshouldsendtotakepartinthepartyistobediscussed._______theydon’twanttodroptheplanisclear._______hefinishedtheworkinsoshorttimeremainsaquestion.________itisgoingtosnowthiseveningisnotcertain.WhatWhyWhom/whoThatHowWhether31AExercise1WhatWhyWhom/whoThatThathecan’tattendthepartyisapity.Itisapitythathecan’tattendtheparty.Howmuchmoneyisneededishardtosay.Itishardtosayhowmuchmoneyisneeded.Thatthemoonmovesaroundtheearthisknowntoall.Itisknowntoallthatthemoonmovesaroundtheearth.it做形式主語32AThathecan’tattendthepartyShesaid(that)sheisgoingtolearnEnglish.Iwanttoknowwhether/ifshestilllivesthere.Idon’tknowwhoallthesepeopleare.ShewantstoknowwhichfilmIlikebest.Pleasetellmewhereshelives.Iamnotinterestedinwhatheisdoing.Iamcertainthatheisathomenow.Iamafraidhewon’tcomeontime.賓語從句在句中充當(dāng)及物動(dòng)詞,介詞或某些形容詞賓語的句子叫做賓語從句。33AShesaid(that)sheisgoingt三、表語從句定義：在復(fù)合句中做表語（即放在be動(dòng)詞后面）的從句叫做表語從句。從句的語序用陳述句語序。連接主語從句的連接詞主要有三類：連接詞：that、whether…連接代詞：who、whom、whose、which、what、whoever、whomever、whichever、whatever…

連接副詞：when、where、why、how34A三、表語從句定義：在復(fù)合句中做表語（即放在be動(dòng)詞后面）的從1.連接詞引導(dǎo)例：Thereasonforhisabsenceisthathehasn’tbeeninformed.他缺席的原因是他沒接到通知。Thequestionremainswhethertheywillbeabletohelpus.問題還是他們能否幫我們。Anotherimportantdifferenceiswhetherschoolsarestateschoolsorprivateschools.另一個(gè)重要的不同之處是學(xué)校是公立的還是私立的。35A1.連接詞引導(dǎo)35A2.連接代詞/副詞引導(dǎo)例：Theproblemiswhowilltakechargeofthisshop.問題是誰將接管這家店鋪。

ThatiswhenIrealizedtheimportanceofjournalism.那時(shí)我才意識(shí)到新聞工作的重要性。ThisiswhyIthinkmyhappiestdayswillbeinthefuture.這就是我認(rèn)為自己最快樂的日子會(huì)在將來的原因。36A2.連接代詞/副詞引導(dǎo)36Aas/asif/asthough引導(dǎo)的表語從句，此類表語從句常跟在特定動(dòng)詞后面，如seem，appear，look，taste，sound，feel等。例：Itsoundsasifsomeoneisknockingatthedoor.聽上去好像有人在敲門。Atthattime,itseemedasthoughIcouldn’tthinkoftherightword.當(dāng)時(shí)我似乎怎么也想不出一個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)淖盅蹃?。?dāng)主句的主語是reason時(shí)，表語從句一般由that引導(dǎo)。此用法常見于句型“thereasonwhy……isthat……”例：Thereasonwhyhecamelatewasthathegotuplate.他來的晚是因?yàn)槠鸫餐砹恕?7Aas/asif/asthough引導(dǎo)的表語從句，我們的目的是他能認(rèn)識(shí)到錯(cuò)誤。Ourpurposeisthathecanrealizehisfaults.問題是它是否值得做。

Thequestioniswhetheritisworthdoing.注意：表語從句表示“是否”只用“whether”而不用“if”

38A我們的目的是他能認(rèn)識(shí)到錯(cuò)誤。38A試區(qū)分以下句子Isthismuseumwhatyouvisited?Thismuseumiswhatyouvisited.Isthisthemuseumthatyouvisited?Thisisthemuseumthatyouvisited.Isthismuseumtheonethatyouvisited?Thismuseumistheonethatyouvisited.把句子變換成陳述句，接著判斷句子是屬于哪種從句再完成。(表從)(定從)(定從)39A試區(qū)分以下句子IsthismuseumwhatyouThathouseis_______thegardentoolsarestored.ThereasonIdon’twanttogothereis______I’vejustgotanewjobhere.Thatwas______theyhadmadethemistake.Everythingintheroomis_____itwastenyearsago.ThedreamJackhasinmindis______hewillbecomeascientistinthefuture.wherethathowwhatthat40AThathouseis_______thegard6.Whatwecareaboutis_________itwillbeafinedaytomorrow.7.Thatwas____theydidn’tpaymuchattentiontotheteacherinclass.8.Myopinionis_____everyoneofustakesout$5forJane’sbirthdaypresent.9.Theproblemis________wecanbeallowedtostayoutatsuchalatehour.10.Herexplanationis______sheusedtoliveinthecountryandsheknowsitbetterthanus.

whetherwhythatwhetherthat41A6.Whatwecareaboutis_____問題是誰能幫我學(xué)英語.這就是她不愿意出國留學(xué)的原因.那就是我要告訴你的.問題是他是否會(huì)同意這個(gè)建議.ThequestioniswhocanhelpmewithmyEnglish.Thatiswhysheisunwillingtostudyabroad.ThatiswhatIwilltellyou.Thequestioniswhetherhewillagreewiththesuggestion.42A問題是誰能幫我學(xué)英語.Thequestioniswho定語從句：修飾一個(gè)名詞，關(guān)系詞在從句中做一個(gè)成分。Thisistheboy

whogavemehelpyesterday.主語從句：做句子的主語，在謂語（動(dòng)詞）前面。

Whathesaidisnottrue.賓語從句：做句子的賓語，在謂語（動(dòng)詞）后面。HetoldmethatheisfromChina.表語從句：做句子的表語，在be動(dòng)詞后面。Thequestionis

whetherheisfromChinaornot.看到一個(gè)句子，首先分析主語，謂語，賓語/表語，關(guān)系詞在謂語前，則該從句為主語從句；關(guān)系詞在謂語后，則該從句為賓語從句；關(guān)系詞在be動(dòng)詞后，則該從句為表語從句；關(guān)系詞在名詞后，修飾名詞，則該從句為定語從句；關(guān)系詞在名詞后,說明解釋名詞,則為然后看從句表達(dá)的是什么意思，根據(jù)意思選擇相應(yīng)的關(guān)系詞。同位語從句.（是否，誰，為什么，怎么樣，什么，誰的。。。。。。that適應(yīng)于從句結(jié)構(gòu)完整,不缺少成分.）43A定語從句：修飾一個(gè)名詞，關(guān)系詞在從句中做一個(gè)成分。43A四、同位語從句在句子中作某一名詞的同位語，一般位于該名詞之后，解釋和說明該名詞的具體內(nèi)容。這些名詞常見的有：idea/fact/news/hope/belief/thought/doubt/promise/suggestion/order等。用that引導(dǎo)同位語從句。that無詞義，也不做句子成分，不能省略，從句用陳述句語序。44A四、同位語從句在句子中作某一名詞的同位語，一般位于該名詞之后Theyexpressedthehope

thatwewouldgoandvisitShanghaiagain.他們表示希望我們?cè)偃ピL問上海。Ihavenoidea

that

shehasquitherpresentjob.我不知道他已經(jīng)辭職了。Givemeyourpromise

that

youwillcometoourpartythisevening.答應(yīng)我，你今天晚上回來參加我們的晚會(huì)。Thereisnoobviousevidence

that

thereislifeonanyotherplanetinthesolarsystem.沒有明顯的證據(jù)表明太陽系的其他行星上有生命。

45ATheyexpressedthehopethatw同位語從句還可以用whether，when，where，why，how等引導(dǎo)。Thestudentaskedmethequestion

whetherthebookwasworthreading.Ihavenoidea

whyhewasexcidedthattime.46A同位語從句還可以用whether，when，where，wh定語從句與同位語從句的區(qū)別定語從句是從句對(duì)其先行詞的修飾或限制。同位語從句是從句對(duì)前面抽象名詞的進(jìn)一步的解釋和說明。Thenews

that

ourteamhaswonthegamewastrue.（同位語從句，補(bǔ)充說明news到底是一個(gè)說明消息）Thenewsthathetoldmeyesterdaywastrue.（定語從句，news在從句中做told的賓語）47A定語從句與同位語從句的區(qū)別定語從句是從句對(duì)其先行詞的修飾或限ImadeapromisethatifanyonesetmefreeIwouldmakehimveryrich.Themothermadeapromisethatpleasedallherchildren.48AImadeapromisethatifanyonExerciseAtfirsthehatedthenewjobbutdecidedtogivehimselfafewmonthstosee_____itgotanybetter.A.whenB.howC.whyD.ifD:賓語從句，從句中不缺少時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因，D項(xiàng)意為“是否”。49AExerciseAtfirsthehatedtheItisnotimmediatelyclear_____thefinancialcrisiswillsoonbeover.SinceB.whatC.whenD.whetherD:名詞性從句中的主語從句，it做形式主語。whetherthefinancialcrisiswillsoonbeoverisnotimmediatelyclear.50AItisnotimmediatelyclear___Asanewdiplomat,heoftenthinksof____hecanreactmoreappropriatelyonsuchoccasions.WhatB.whichC.thatD.howD:賓語從句，作為新上任的外交官，他經(jīng)?？紤]如何在這樣的場(chǎng)合做出更恰當(dāng)?shù)姆磻?yīng)。51AAsanewdiplomat,heoftenthWeshouldconsiderthestudents’request_____theschoollibraryprovidemorebooksonpopularscience.ThatB.whenC.whichD.whereA:同位語從句，名詞request，從句結(jié)構(gòu)完整，不缺成分。52AWeshouldconsiderthestudentSheisverydeartous.Wehavebeenpreparedtodo_____ittakestosaveherlife.WhicheverB.howeverC.whateverD.WhoeverC:賓語從句，whatever同時(shí)做takes的賓語。53ASheisverydeartous.WehavThefacthasworriedmanyscientists____theearthisbecomingwarmerandwarmertheseyears.Whatb.whichc.thatd.t