新視野大學(xué)英語第一冊u(píng)nit1講義

Unit1SectionALearningaForeignLanguagePart1Pre-readingActivitiesIntroducethethemeof“l(fā)earningaforeignlanguage”byshowingSsthetitleofthetext.Askstudentsfollowingquestionsaboutwaysoflearningaforeignlanguage(showthemonthescreen).Howdoyouusuallylearnaforeignlanguage?ClassLearningOnlineLearningSelflearningDoyouknowwhatisonlinelearning?Reference:AformofdistanceeducationLearningthroughanetworkedcomputerOnlinelearningoftentakesplaceontheInternet.Inanonlinelesson,studentsworkwithacomputerprogramtoselectthematerialstheyshouldbelearning.OpenclassinNetEase.Basedonpeopletocomputercommunication(learningsoftwareorwebbrowsers)/peopletopeoplecommunicationthroughinternet(chatonline)Thematerialspresented:text,graphics,animatedgraphics,audio,video,acombinationoftheseorothermultimediaplayerssuchasWindowsMediaPlayerHaveyoueverhadanonlinelearningexperience?Part2Newwordsandexpressions1?reward：vt.①givearewardtoorfor獎(jiǎng)賞；回報(bào)Ourpatiencewasfinallyrewarded.我們的耐心最終得到了回報(bào)。Herewardedushandsomely(=withalotofmoney).對(duì)于我們的幫助，他大加酬謝。n.[C,U]?somethingasareturnforgoodandvaluabledoings.獎(jiǎng)賞，回扌艮Thebankdevelopedanewsystemof~stoencouragetheclerkstoworkharder.銀行推行新的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)制度鼓勵(lì)員工更加努力工作。②Moneyofferedorgivenforsomespecialservice,suchasthereturnofalostarticleorthecaptureofacriminal報(bào)酬，酬金A$100rewardhasbeenofferedforthereturnofthenecklace.已經(jīng)懸賞100美元找尋項(xiàng)鏈。A$25,000rewardisbeingofferedforinformationleadingtothearrestoftherobbers.rewarding:offeringorlikelytooffersatisfactionorgratification值得的shefoundtheexperienceveryrewarding.她返現(xiàn)這個(gè)經(jīng)理使他受益匪淺。Awardn.1.[C]Aprizesuchasmoney,etc.forsththatsbhasdone獎(jiǎng)，獎(jiǎng)品，獎(jiǎng)金，獎(jiǎng)狀：towin/receive/getanawardforsth因某事贏得/得到/獲得獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)Hewasnominatedforthebestactoraward.他獲得最佳男演員獎(jiǎng)提名。[U]theofficialdecisiontogivesth(suchasaDIPLOMA)tosb(畢業(yè)證書等的)授予：HewasawardedtheNobelPrizeforliterature.他被授予最佳諾貝爾文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)。【詞義辨析1】award,reward這三個(gè)詞都可以作名詞。award意為“獎(jiǎng)、獎(jiǎng)品”,為可數(shù)名詞，指對(duì)某些突出的成就給與的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，其獎(jiǎng)品可以是錢或物。reward意為“酬勞，獎(jiǎng)賞”，可作為可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞，通常指對(duì)工作、服務(wù)的酬勞，幫人尊回失物或捉拿罪犯等功勞的獎(jiǎng)賞。prize意為“獎(jiǎng)金，獎(jiǎng)品，獎(jiǎng)賞”，其意義幾乎與award相同，但語氣不如award不正式。Theawardforthisyear'sbestactresswenttoher.她是今年的最佳女演員得主。Wehavegained/got/obtainedthefirstprize.我們已經(jīng)獲得了一等獎(jiǎng)。Hehasreceivednorewardforhisservice.他沒有因?yàn)榉?wù)而獲得報(bào)酬。詞義辨析2】award,reward這兩個(gè)詞都可作為動(dòng)詞。award作為動(dòng)詞時(shí)，意為“授予，給予;判給”，通常指官方或法院根據(jù)有關(guān)規(guī)定把錢財(cái)獎(jiǎng)給或判給某人。后面可跟雙賓語。reward作為動(dòng)詞時(shí).意為“為(某事)酬勞(某人)”，其后一般以人或人的行為作賓語。reward后跟with用來說明以何物作為報(bào)酬。Theuniversityawardedhimanhonorarydegree.這所大學(xué)授予他名譽(yù)學(xué)位。Thecourtawardedhimdamagesof$5,000.法院判給他損害賠償金5000美金。HowcanIrewardyourkindness?我如何酬謝你的好意呢？frustrate：vt.①preventfromaccomplishingapurposeorfulfillingadesire阻礙，挫敗使挫折②causefeelingsofdiscouragementorbafflementin使沮喪，使灰心；Apoormemoryfrustratedhereffortstobecomeanactress.糟糕的記憶力阻礙了她成為女演Theweatherfrustratedourplans.天氣破壞了我們的計(jì)劃。Itisfrustratingwhenyoureinahurryandthetrafficisn'tmoving.3?Thegirlwas ashopassistant;sheisnowamanagerinalargedepartmentstoreApreliminarilyB.FormallyCpreviouslyDformerlyGiventhechoicebetweenapieceofchocolateandabook,mostwillchoosetheformer.Theformerpresidentmadeaspeechattheconference.unlike:adj.①notalike;different不相象的；不同的prep.differentfrom;notlike區(qū)別于；不象She'sunliketherestofherfamily.她不同于她家里的其他成員。Fortwins,theyareveryunlike.作為一對(duì)雙胞胎，他們很不一樣。【近義詞】alike:adj?.同樣的，相似的；類似的adv.—樣地like:prep?相似，類似：具有…的特點(diǎn)；相象；相似5?opportunity:n.(-ties)afavorableorsuitableoccasionortime機(jī)會(huì)；時(shí)機(jī)【詞義辨析】opportunity,occasion,chance,break這組詞的一般含義是“時(shí)機(jī)”或“機(jī)會(huì)”。不管在口語中或者在文學(xué)作品中，這幾個(gè)都是常用的詞。opportunity表示某時(shí)機(jī)符合自己想干某事的意愿、目的、雄心甚至野心?！八艡C(jī)而動(dòng)”waitforanopportunitytotakeaction;Opportunityknocks(atthedoor)butonce.機(jī)不可失，失不再來。occasion含有opportunity所能表達(dá)的這樣一層意思：某時(shí)機(jī)能激發(fā)或喚起某人的某種行為。chance常意味著因?yàn)檫\(yùn)氣或偶然而出現(xiàn)的機(jī)遇:Don'tthrowthischanceaway;itwon'tcomearoundagain.不要讓這個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)溜走；否則它是不會(huì)再來的。break作為“時(shí)機(jī)”解時(shí)，一般要求修飾語，如：agoodbreak,abadbreak,即“走運(yùn)”或“壞運(yùn)氣”?！究键c(diǎn)】復(fù)數(shù)通常用media。6?access:ntherighttohaveorusesth享用權(quán)IfyoudonothaveaccesstotheInternet,wewillsendsomeonetohelpyou.ameansofenteringaplace通道，入口Thesoldiersguardedtheonlyaccesstothebuilding士兵把守著通向那棟樓的唯一通道。Theonlyaccesstothatancientcastleisalongamuddytrack..到那座古老城堡去的唯一通道是一條泥濘小路?！居梅ā縣as/gain/get/obtain?to有權(quán)做某事Before1949,manypeoplegetnoaccesstoeducationinChina.1949年以前，在中國很多人沒有受教育的機(jī)會(huì)。virtual:adj.①existingorresultinginessenceoreffectthoughnotinactualfact,form,orname實(shí)質(zhì)上的，實(shí)際上的②虛擬的virtually:adv.infactortoallpurposes;practically實(shí)際上；事實(shí)上Sheisthevirtualpresident,thoughthertitleissecretary.雖然她的頭銜是秘書，她是實(shí)際上的董事長。Mybook'svirtuallyfinished.我的書實(shí)際上已寫完了。commitment:n.apromisetodosth..承諾?tosth.獻(xiàn)身某事/承諾某事fulfill/carryout?履行諾言 backaway?背棄諾言Theorganizationhasmadea?toplant5,000trees.acommitmenttopay$50000toRedCross承諾向紅十字會(huì)提供50000美元thehardworkandloyaltythatsomeonegivestoanorganization,activitiesdevotion投入，致力，獻(xiàn)身Onlinelearningdemandyour?.Her?toherjobisbeyonddoubt.她的敬業(yè)精神不容置疑。Theteamshowedgreat?.這只隊(duì)伍表現(xiàn)出強(qiáng)烈的奉獻(xiàn)精神。obligation,responsibility承擔(dān)義務(wù)，責(zé)任I'vetakenontoomany?s.我承擔(dān)的義務(wù)太多了。Hedoesn'twanttogetmarriedbecauseheisafraidofanycommitments.他不想結(jié)婚,因?yàn)樗ε鲁袚?dān)任何責(zé)任。9?embarrass:v.t.?causetofeelself-consciousorillatease;disconcert使尷尬，使難堪embarrassing:adj.令人為難的embarrassment:n.困窘，阻礙Theothersembarrassedherwhentheylaughedhermistake.人們嘲笑她的錯(cuò)誤讓她很尷尬。Itwas~thatIcannotrememberyourname.好尷尬，我記不起你的名字了。Thedoctoraskedmealotof~questions.醫(yī)生問了我許多令人尷尬的問題。10?continually:adj.recurringregularlyorfrequently不停的；連續(xù)的continually:adv.連續(xù)不斷地Hehatesthesecontinualarguments.他討厭這種無休止的爭論?！驹~義辨析】continual,continuous,constant,successive,frequent,usual這些形容詞都表示不停的，不間斷的”。Continual一般指多次重復(fù)的動(dòng)作pleasestopyourcontinualquestions.請不要接二連三的提問。Continuous則強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作或物體不間斷的驚醒下去。Theychatteredcontinuouslyforanhour.他們嘮叨了足有一個(gè)小時(shí)。Acontinuousflowoftraffic接連不斷的來往車輛。constant意為“連續(xù)的”，著重強(qiáng)調(diào)不變、穩(wěn)定和持久的特點(diǎn)。successive意為“連續(xù)的”，表示相互關(guān)聯(lián)的事物或事情一個(gè)接一個(gè)的發(fā)生，強(qiáng)調(diào)按一定的次序進(jìn)行。11?insight:n.[C,U]（常與into連用）Anaccurateordeepunderstandingofsomething洞悉;深刻的了解Studyingsciencegavemegreatinsightsintonaturallaw.學(xué)習(xí)科學(xué)只是使我對(duì)自然規(guī)律有了深刻的了解。Wehelptroubledteenagersgainsomeinsightintotheirownproblem.我們幫助問題青少年認(rèn)識(shí)他們的問題insightful:adj.showingorhavinginsight;perceptive有洞察力的；有悟性的Expressions1?attimes:E.g.Itwasdifficultattimes.有時(shí)挺難的。beworthsth./doingsth.:具有什么的價(jià)值Ourhouseisworthabout$350,000.Eachquestionisworth4points.每個(gè)問題有4分。Thefilmisdefinitelyworthseeing.這電影絕對(duì)值得一看。farfrom:farfrom+a./n./v-ing:很不；決非；非但 反而Myparentsarefarfromsatisfiedwithmyacademicperformance.(not???atall)父母對(duì)我的學(xué)業(yè)很不滿意。Farfromturningdownthestereo,heturneditup.(ratherthan)他非但不將音響的音量關(guān)小，反而調(diào)高了音量。Farfrom(beingangry),heisveryhappy.她一點(diǎn)也不生氣，反而很高興。keepupwith:satisfy/meet/keepstepwith趕上，不落后Itisimportantto?thechangeofthesociety.跟上時(shí)代的變化非常重要。Alotofyoungwomenliketokeepupwiththelatestfashions.許多年輕女性愛趕時(shí)髦。Ihavetroublekeepingupwiththerestoftheclass.跟上全班的學(xué)習(xí)我有點(diǎn)困難。比較：catchupwith:追上，趕上，與…并駕齊驅(qū)tocatchupwiththeschoolbus趕上校車5?feellikesth?/doingsth:Ifeellikehavingarest.可以不打牌了嗎？我想休息一會(huì)兒。Letitgo,hethought.Hedidn'tfeellikearguing.順其自然吧，他想。他不想爭辯。6?giveupsth/doingsth:stopdoingsth.giveupthehope放棄希望giveupsmoking戒煙Thoughfacedwithmanydifficulties,hewouldnotgiveuponlinelearning.雖然面臨很多困難，她還是不會(huì)放棄網(wǎng)上學(xué)習(xí)。7.thinkout:consideralltheaspectsofsth.beforedoingit.仔細(xì)考慮，推敲E.g.Wemustthinkeverythingoutcarefully.我們必須把一切都想清楚。8?comeacross:E.g.Haveyoucomeacrossthisproblem?你遇至U過這個(gè)問題嗎？He?anoldfriendonthestreetoneday.9.trade^for/with:exchangefor歌迷用五張光盤換到一張演唱會(huì)的入場券。ThefantradedfiveCDsforaconcertticket.ThefantradedaconcertticketwithfiveCDs.Iwouldtrademydictionaryforyourbook.10?nowthat:becauseofsth.orasaresultofsth.Yououghttohaveagoodrestnowthatyou'vefinishedyourwork.既然已完成了工作，你就應(yīng)該好好休息一下。NowthatJohnhasarrived,wecanbeginourmeeting.11?reachoutto:communicatewith;contactWiththeintroductionoftheInternet,wecanreachouttoourfriendsbyemail.由于互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的使用，我們可以通過店子郵件與朋友聯(lián)系。ReachforHereachedforthephoneanddialedthenumber12?InsteadofHewanttostayathomeinsteadofgoingoutshoppingwithfriends.Step3?While-readingActivitiesFastReading:AskSstoreadthepassageasquicklyastheycan.Askthemtounderlinethetopicsentenceineachparagraphorsummarizeitbysimpleword.Para.1:Learningaforeignlanguagewasoneofthemostdifficultyetmostrewardingexperiencesofmylife.Para.2:Myexperiencewithlearningaforeignlanguageinjuniorschoolwasveryhappy.Para.3:Myexperienceinseniorschoolwasfrustratingandunhappy.Para.4:Thesituationchangedincollege,butitwasfarfromperfect.Para.5:IwasofferedanopportunitytostudyEnglishthroughanonlinecourse.Para.6:Onlinelearningisnoteasierthanregularclassroomstudy.Para.7:Ipracticedallthetime.Para.8:Learningaforeignlanguagehasbeenamosttryingexperienceforme,butonethatIwouldn'ttradeforanything.Step4TextstructureIntroduction(Para.1)Learningaforeignlanguagewasoneofthemostdifficultyetmostrewardingexperiencesofmylife.Theauthor's4stagesoflanguagelearningexperiences(Paras.2-7)Theparagraphsarearrangedintimesequence:languagelearningexperiencefromJuniormiddleschoolSeniormiddleschoolCollegeOnlinelearningConclusion(Para.8)Learningaforeignlanguagehasbeenamosttryingexperienceforme,butonethatIwouldn'ttradeforanything.Mainidea:Learningaforeignlanguagewasoneofthemostdifficultyetmostrewardingexperiencesofmylife.Devicesfordevelopingit:1.DeductionOrganizationfromgeneraltospecific(演繹法)Generalstatement(Topic):Learningaforeignlanguagewasoneofthemostdifficultyetmostrewardingexperiencesofmylife.Specificstatements:Myexperienceinjuniormiddleschool(Para.2):akindandpatientteacherwhopraisedallofthestudents…positivemethod...eagerlyansweredquestions,atthetopofmyclassMyexperienceinseniormiddleschool(Para.3):an(impatient)teacher...punishedthosewhomademistakes...shakingitupanddown...shouted...losemyeagerness/desiretosayanythinginEnglishMyexperienceatcollege(Para.4):farfromperfect...verylargeclassandbetterstudents.feelintimidated.afraidtospeak.atthesamelevelforeverMyexperiencewiththeonlinecourse(Para.5-7):requirecommitmentanddiscipline.virtualclassroom.practiceallthetime.crywithfrustration.feellikegivingup.reapedthebenefitsofhardworkConclusion(Para.8):amosttryingexperience,butonethatIwouldnottradeforanything.teachmethevalueofhardwork.givemeinsightsintoanotherculture.mymind.openedtonewwaysofseeingthings.themostwonderfulresultofhavinglearnedaforeignlanguage.communicatewithmanymorepeoplethanbefore.oneofmyfavoriteactivities.bridgethegapbetweenmycultureandtheirsStep5.detailedreadingStep6.Usefulexpression.有意義的經(jīng)歷arewardingexperience.值得去努力itiswellworththeeffort.在班里名列前茅tobeatthetopoftheclass渴望做某事beeagertodosth.對(duì)什么有耐心bepatientwith失去說英語的欲望losemydesire/eagernesstosayanythinginEnglish遠(yuǎn)不盡人意、不完美befarfromperfect永遠(yuǎn)停滯不前tostayatthesamelevelforever接觸到必要的設(shè)備togetaccesstothenecessaryequipment參加虛擬課堂participateinthevirtualclassroom.跟上課程進(jìn)度tokeepupwiththeflowofthecourse滿足課程最低要求tomeettheminimumstandardssetbythecourse按時(shí)完成作業(yè)completeassignmentsontime.隨身攜帶什么carrysth.withsb.犯了很多令人尷尬的錯(cuò)誤makeembarrassingmistakes因沮喪而哭泣tocryoutoffrustration想要放棄feellikegivingup想出主意thinkoutideas獲得努力學(xué)習(xí)的益處toreapthebenefitsofhardwork使我認(rèn)識(shí)了另一種文化togivemeinsightsintoanotherculture彌合不同文化之間的鴻溝tobridgethegapbetweendifferentculturesStep7sentencepatternTypicalpatternsforcauseandeffect原句1):Becauseofthispositivemethod,IeagerlyansweredallthequestionsIcould,neverworryingmuchaboutmakingmistakes.(L.6)句型提煉Becauseof…,sbadv.doessth/is+adj.todosth,neverworrying/caringmuchabout…由于 ，某人很 做某事，從不怎么擔(dān)心….由于他對(duì)網(wǎng)上沖浪的興趣過濃，他很有可能一門心思上網(wǎng)，而不會(huì)關(guān)心自己的功課。Becauseofhisundueinterestinonlinesurfing,heislikelytoputallhismindonthisbusiness,nevercaringabouthisschoolwork.原句2):NowthatIspeakaforeignlanguage,insteadofstaringintospacewhenEnglishisbeingspoken,Icanparticipateandmakefriends(L.50)句型提煉Nowthatsb.does/hasdonesth.,insteadof?…，he/shecan/shoulddosth,else.由于/既然某人做某事，而不再 ,他/她就能做另一事。應(yīng)用：a.既然我們上遠(yuǎn)程英語課，而不再因在普通課堂上出錯(cuò)感到難堪，那我們就能從網(wǎng)上學(xué)習(xí)中有所收獲。Nowthatwehavetakentheonlinecourse,insteadoffeelingembarrassedwhenmakingmistakesintheregularclass,wecanreapsomebenefitsfromit.應(yīng)用：b.既然你能從心里上樂于接受新的思維方式，而不再對(duì)其視而不見，那你就有機(jī)會(huì)跟上時(shí)代的潮流。Nowthatyoucankeepyourmindopentonewwaysofthinking,insteadofturningablindeyetothem,youstandagoodchancetokeepupwiththeflowofthetimes.Typicalpatternsforcomparisonandcontrast:原句1)：Unlikemyseniormiddleschoolteacher,mycollegeEnglishteacherswerepatientandkind,andnoneofthemcarriedlong,pointedsticks!(L.16) 句型提煉Unlikesb./sth.else(that…)，sb./sth,is/does…應(yīng)用:與我在高中時(shí)遇到的女孩不同，她很高傲自大，從不正眼看我一眼。UnlikethegirlsIcameacrossintheseniormiddleschool,sheisveryself-important,neverlookingmeintheeye.原句2):Learningaforeignlanguagehasbeenamosttryingexperienceforme,butonethatIwouldn'ttradeforanything.(L.44)句型提煉Doingsth.isamost+adj.experienceforsb.，butonethathe/shewouldnottrade/give/exchangeforanything.做某事對(duì)某人來說是非?！慕?jīng)歷，但卻是一種用什么他/她都不換的經(jīng)歷。應(yīng)用：a.追求幸福對(duì)我來說是非常艱辛的經(jīng)歷，但卻是一種用什么我都不換的經(jīng)歷。Seekingafterhappinesshasbeenamostpainstakingexperience，butonethatIwouldnottradeforanything.補(bǔ)充：l.Wheneverweansweredincorrectly,shepointedalongstickatusand,shakingitupanddown,shouted...(Line.ll,伴隨狀語)Ineededtothinkoutmyideasandwroteareplybeforepostingitonthescreen.(Line.39,時(shí)間狀語)現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(補(bǔ)充)現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語：時(shí)間，條件，伴隨方式，原因，結(jié)果現(xiàn)在分詞作時(shí)間狀語(一般式/完成式)分詞動(dòng)作一發(fā)生，謂語動(dòng)作緊跟著發(fā)生，這時(shí)用現(xiàn)在分詞的一般式作時(shí)間狀語。常用的動(dòng)詞，如:hear,see,arrive,return,getto,look,open,close,leave,turnaround,walk等，表示一個(gè)極短暫動(dòng)作。e.g.Hearingtheirteacher'svoice,thepupilsstoppedtalkingatonce.(=Onhearingtheirteacher'svoice...=Assoonastheyheardtheirteacher'svoice,thepupils...)謂語動(dòng)作發(fā)生在分詞所表示的動(dòng)作過程之中，用現(xiàn)在分詞的一般式作時(shí)間狀語。e.g.Workinginthefactory,helearnedalotfromtheworkers.(=When/whileworkinginthefactory…=Whenhewasworkinginthefactory,he...)分詞所表示的動(dòng)作完成之后，謂語動(dòng)作才發(fā)生，則要現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式，即havingdone的形式。e.g.HavingfinishedhishomeworktheboywasallowedtowatchTVplay.(=Afterhavingfinishedhishomework,theboy.=After/whenhehadfinishedhishomework,theboy.)現(xiàn)在分詞作條件狀語e.g.Workinghard,youwillsucceed.=Ifyouworkhard,you'llsucceed.現(xiàn)在分詞作原因狀語e.g.Havinglivedwiththegirlfor5years,weallknowherverywell.=Becausewehavelivedwiththegirlfor5years,weallknowherverywell.現(xiàn)在分詞作讓步狀語e.g.Weighingalmostonehundredjinthestonewasmovedbyhimalone.=Althoughthestoneweightedalmostonehundredjin,itwasmovedbyhimalone.現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語e.g.Theircarwascaughtinatrafficjam,thuscausingthedelay.=Theircarwascaughtinatrafficjam,thusitcausedthedelay.現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨方式狀語e.g.Thechildrenranoutoftheroom,laughingandtalkingmerrily.=Thechildrenlaughedandtalkedmerrily,andtheyranoutoftheroom.-ing形式作狀語，可表示時(shí)間、原因、方式、伴隨、條件等。如：Shesatatthedeskreadinganewspaper. （伴隨）HangWeiwenttoschool,takingatrain. （方式）Whilereadingthebook,henoddedfromtimetotime. （時(shí)間）Nothavingreceivedareply,wewroteagain. （原因）Heatingwater，wecanchangeitintovapor. （條件）注意：①-ing形式作狀語，其邏輯主語應(yīng)與句子的主語一致。②-ing形式前可有while,when,unless,though,訐等連詞。SectionBKeytoSuccessfulOnlineLearningPart1readingskills-findingoutwordmeaningPart2LanguagePointsplayarole/part:haveapositionorjobin?…：E.g.peoplecometounderstandthatcomputersareplayinganincreasingimportantroleinourmunity:Communityproblems社會(huì)問題communityfacilities公共設(shè)施［構(gòu)詞法］:com(prefix:共同)+muni(stem:服務(wù))+ty(suffix:性質(zhì)，狀態(tài))Familymembers:communev.交流;交談communicatev.傳送;聯(lián)絡(luò);通訊expand:E.g.toexpanddomesticdemand擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需tobecome/beawareof:tobecome/beconsciousof;tobeawaketo;sense;haveafeelingthat意識(shí)到…E.g.Mostsmokersare?ofthedangerofthesmoking多數(shù)吸煙者都清楚吸煙的危害。Hewasnot?thathissonhadquittedhisjob.他不知道兒子已經(jīng)辭職。Itcannotbelongbeforepeoplebecomeawareofthedangerofbadlivinghabitstotheirhealth.要不了多久，人們就會(huì)意識(shí)到不良的生活習(xí)慣對(duì)其健康的危害.unique:wordingbuilding:uni-:oneuniformadj./n./v.相同的/制服/使一致unionn.聯(lián)合;結(jié)合;合并;一致;工會(huì)unitn.單位;單元unitev.聯(lián)合;結(jié)合;合并;兼?zhèn)鋟nityn.單一性;統(tǒng)一體;聯(lián)合;和諧universala.—般的;通用的;宇宙的tobeopen-mindedabout:keepone'smindopentoE.g.Oneoughttobeopen-mindedaboutsuchthings.對(duì)這種事，要思想解放一些。visual:visualdefect/impression/nerve/test/navigation/education視力缺陷/視覺印象/視覺神經(jīng)/視力測試/目視導(dǎo)航/直觀教育barrier:breakdown/removeabarrier消除障礙build/erect/setup/putupabarrier設(shè)置障礙constitute/formabarrier(to)構(gòu)成障礙overcomeabarrier克服障礙languagebarrierLackofself-confidenceisoneofthebiggestbarrierstoyoursuccessincareers.缺乏自信心是你在職業(yè)生涯上取得成功的最大障礙之一。hinder:E.g.Don'thinderme.別妨礙我。inaddition:besides;moreover;furthermore;likewise;also;what'smore此外，另夕卜E.g.Inaddition,supportandmaintenancearesimplified.此外，支持和維護(hù)也簡化了。reflecton/upon:E.g.reflectonone'sownthoughtsandfeelings深刻地反思自己的思想和感覺critical:句型Itis/wascriticalthat…"(should)do…E.g.Itiscriticalthatyou(should)keepupwiththeflowoftheonlinecourse.跟上網(wǎng)絡(luò)課程的進(jìn)度十分重要。Hemadecriticalanalysisofthecurrentsituation.她對(duì)目前的形式做了批評(píng)性分析Don'tbesocriticalofeveryoneelse.不要對(duì)其他人都這樣挑剔findingfault:E.g.Somepeoplearealwaysfindingfault.有些人總是好吹毛求疵。perspective:toviewsth.fromanewperspective從新的視角看待某事tolackperspective缺乏洞察力toseethingsintheirrightperspective正確地觀察事物E.g.Anytheory,ifseeninitswrongperspective,willturnouttobemoreofabarrierthanaguidetoitspractice.任何理論，若不能正確看待之，最終不但不能指導(dǎo)實(shí)踐反而成為其障礙。speakup:saysth,expressone'sidea.Don'tbeafraidodspeakingup,even訐youdonotagreewiththecontentofmylecture.你不同意我講課的內(nèi)容，你也可以大膽陳述自己的觀點(diǎn)。SpeaklouderI'madeaf,soyouhavetospeakup.arise:E.g.Accidentsarisefromcarelessness.疏忽大意往往會(huì)引起事故的發(fā)生。Insomecases,difficultiesarisebecauseoffailuretocommunicate.在有些情況下，困難的產(chǎn)生是因?yàn)榻涣魇　xplicit:tobeexplicitaboutsth.對(duì)某事表達(dá)清晰tobeexplicitwithsth./sb.對(duì)某人/事很坦然tobeexplicitonthepoint/problem在這一點(diǎn)/問題上態(tài)度明確Weneedanexplicitexplanationabutthefailureoftheproject.這個(gè)計(jì)劃為什么失敗，我們需要明確的解釋。comment:togive/makecommentonsth.對(duì)…發(fā)表評(píng)論tocommentonsth.對(duì)某事加以評(píng)論requiremente.g.toanswer/fill/fulfill/meet/satisfytheentrancerequirements 符合入學(xué)條件totightenmembershiprequirements嚴(yán)格會(huì)員條件toset/establishrequirements規(guī)定必要條件tosupplyeveryrequirementforonlinelearning提供網(wǎng)上學(xué)習(xí)的必需品(supplies)tobebeyond/belowrequirements供大于求/供不應(yīng)求tobearequirementforsth.是某事的必要條件Familymembers:acquirev.獲得；習(xí)得(n.acquirement)inquire/enquirev.詢問；調(diào)查(n.inquiry)requirev.需求；要求(n.requirement)questn./v.探詢；探求/搜尋(n.question)questionnairen.問卷調(diào)查conquestn.征服；戰(zhàn)利品requestn./v.請求；需要；要求acquisitionn.獲得(a.acquisitive想獲得的)reinforce:makesthstronger強(qiáng)化，力口固E.g.Theexperienceofwarcanreinforcepeople'ssenseofinsecurities.戰(zhàn)爭經(jīng)理會(huì)加劇人文的不安全感。Parentsshouldtryto?thereadingskillstheirchildrenlearnatschool.鞏固閱讀技巧。Reinforcedmit:decidetouseforapurpose用于E.g.tocommitsthto(doing)sth.把某物專門用于…dosth.wrongorillegal犯(罪)；干(壞事)：E.g.tocommitanerror才犯錯(cuò)承諾Thecityhascommitteditselftocleaninguptheenvironment.這個(gè)城市承諾要清潔環(huán)境。E.g.tocommitsth.tosb'scare把某事托付給某人關(guān)照Beforeyoucommityourselftothiscontractyoushouldtakeacoupleofhourstothinkitthrough.在你答應(yīng)履行此合同之前，應(yīng)拿出幾個(gè)小時(shí)的時(shí)間進(jìn)行全面的考慮。tocommitsth.tosb'sca