安徽省合肥市肥東縣白龍中學(xué)高二英語期末試題含解析

安徽省合肥市肥東縣白龍中學(xué)高二英語期末試題含解析一、選擇題1.It’sverydangerousto_______theseviruseswithoutanyprotection.

A.beexposedto

B.exposeto

C.expose

D.beexposingto參考答案：A2.Thepresidentspokeatthebusinessmeetingfornearlyanhourwithout_________hisnotes.A.bringingup B.referringtoC.lookingfor D.tryingon參考答案：B3.

Shewillgetadivorcefromherhusbandunless_______.A.tellingnotto

B.tobetoldtonot

C.toldtonot

D.toldnotto參考答案：D4._______makesmefeelworriedis______singingstarsarecenteredonbymassesofteenagerstoday.A.What;what

B.That;that

C.What;that

D.That;what參考答案：C5.Withtheirfood______,therobbersgaveintothepolice.A.runout

B.runningout

C.usingup

D.runningoutof參考答案：B6.Therecentfinancialcrisis_______intoconsideration,theJapaneseboss______backonthenumberofworkersworkingforhim.（

）

A.taking;cuts

B.wastaken;cut

C.taken;cut

D.totake;cutting參考答案：7.【答案】C

7.Ifscientistshadbeenabletopredictitexactly,theJapanearthquake________suchheavylossesinhumanlives.A.wouldn’tcause

B.didn’tcause C.hadn’tcaused

D.wouldn’thavecaused參考答案：D8.Jackislateagain.Itis_____ofhimtokeepotherswaiting.A.normal

B.ordinary

C.common

D.typical參考答案：D9.Itmakes_______bigdifferencetokeepcalmwhengiving_______firstaid.A.a,/

B./,the

C.a,the

D./,a參考答案：A10.ThisflatthatIwanttobuyiswonderful_______beingfarawayfromthecompany.A.besides

B.exceptfor

C.but

D.except參考答案：B11.Agoodinterpersonalrelationshipcanhelpteawork,which___benefitsacompany’sdevelopmentA.infact

B.inreturn

C.inturn

D.inpractice參考答案：C12.ViolenceonTVturnsouttobeastrong________onsomeyoungpeople.A．impression

B．expressionC．influence

D．influential參考答案：答案：C句意：電視中的暴力片段對一些年輕人有強烈的影響力。impression“印象”；expression“表情，表達”；influence“影響力”；influential“有影響的”。13.—Mywifetriesherbesttodoeverythingforourchildren.—That'sexactly___sheismistaken．A．how

B．when

C．where

D．what參考答案：C14.–Haveyouseen________pen?Ileftitherethismorning.–Isit________blackone?IthinkIsawitsomewhere.A.a;the

B.the;theC.the;a

D.a;a參考答案：D試題分析：句意：你有沒有見到一只鉛筆？我今天上午落在這兒了。它是一只黑色的嗎？我想我在哪里見到它了。不定冠詞a/an表示泛指，故選D點評：冠詞分不定冠詞和定冠詞兩種，本題著重理解定冠詞和不定冠詞的區(qū)別，對于冠詞特指和泛指的考察是歷年來高考的必考點，平時的學(xué)習(xí)要多進行積累，仔細(xì)分析特指還是泛指。同時，更為重要的是要多去積累習(xí)慣表達，特殊表達，這也是近幾年高考習(xí)慣考的地方?？偠灾嘟忸}、多理解、多積累才是制勝的法寶。15.Fourand_____halfhoursofdiscussiontookusuptomidnight,and____breakforcheese,chocolateandteawithsugar.A.a;a

B.the;the

C.不填；the

D.a;不填參考答案：A16.You’vedonesomuchworkthatyou’re______topasstheexam.A.exposed

B.used

C.devoted

D.bound參考答案：D17.There______quantitiesofapplesinthebasketandtherewas______milkinthebucket.A.were;anumberof

B.was;quantitiesofC.were;aquantityof

D.was;agoodmany參考答案：C18.Thegirllookedatmewitha_______expression.Maybetheproblemwasquite_________.A.puzzled;puzzling

B.puzzling;puzzledC.puzzled;puzzled

D.puzzling;puzzling參考答案：A19.Traditionally,Chinesepeople_______theChinesecharactersDoubleHappinessandstickthemontowallsordoorsforweddings. A.cutdown B.cutoff

C.cutup

D.cutout參考答案：D二、完型填空20.完型填空：PeopleoftensaythattheEnglishman’shomeishiscastle(城堡).Theymeanthatthehomeisveryimportantandpersonal.MostpeopleinBritainliveinhouses

1flat,andmanypeopleowntheirhomes.Thismeansthattheycanmakethemindividual(個人的);Theycan

2

themandchangetheminanywaythey

3

.Inacrowdedcitytheindividualknowsthatheorshehasaprivatespace

whichis

4

forhimselforherselfandfor

5

friends.

Peopleusuallyliketomarktheirspace.Areyousittingnowinyourhomeorinabeachoratrain?Ifyouareonthebeachyoumayhavespreadyour

6

aroundyou;onthetrainyoumayhave

7

yourcoatorsmallbagontheseatbesideyou;inalibraryyoumayhaveonecornerorchairwhichisyourown.

OnceIwastravelingona

8

toLondon.Iwasinasectionforfourpeopleandtherewasatablebetweenus.Themanonthe

9

sidetomehadhisbriefcaseonthetable.Therewasno

10

onmysideofthetableatall.Iwasmaderather

11

.Ithoughthethoughtthatheownedthe12

table.Itookvariouspapersoutofmybagandputthemon

13

!WhenIdidthishestiffenedandhiseyesnearlypoppedoutofhishead.Ihadinvaded(侵犯)hisspace!AfewminuteslaterItookmypapers

14

hiscaseinordertoreadthem.Heimmediately

15

hiscasetohissideofthetable.(Ofcourse,itispossiblethathejustwantedtobehelpfultome!)1.A.ratherthan

B.aswellas

C.asaresultof

D.orrather2.A.buy

B.leave

C.paint

D.offer3.A.make

B.clear

C.like

D.prepare4.A.only

B.already

C.ever

D.even5.A.unwanted

B.unexpected

C.sick

D.invited6.A.towels

B.sands

C.papers

D.flags7.A.find

B.give

C.put

D.store8.A.plane

B.train

C.way

D.street9.A.opposite

B.back

C.wrong

D.good10.A.matter

B.weight

C.light

D.space11.A.angry

B.hurt

C.fearful

D.busy12.A.right

B.only

C.small

D.whole13.A.thetable

B.hiscase

C.theseat

D.hisside14.A.into

B.for

C.off

D.outof15.A.hid

B.set

C.moved

D.kept參考答案：1---5

ACCAD

6----10ACBAD

11---15ADBCC

略21.Almosteveryonewantstogetsmarter.Westruggletoimproveour_____21_____,intelligenceandattention.Wedrinkcupaftercupofcoffeetohelpus______22______theday.___23___,anewstudypublishedinCurrentDirectionsinPsychologicalSciencewarnsthatthereare_____24_____tohowsmarthumanscanget.Eachofourbodypartsdevelopsinacertainwayforareason._______25_______wearenot3meterstall_____26_____mostpeople'sheartsarenotstrongenoughtosend_______27_______upthathigh.Scientistssaythatourthinkingabilityworksinthesameway.Ababy'sbrainsizeislimitedbyaseriesof_____28_____,suchasthesizeofthemother'spelvis(骨盆).Ifourbrainsdevelopedtobebigger,therecouldbemore_____29_____duringchildbirth.ThestudyofJews,whohaveanaverageIQmuch_____30_____thanotherEuropeans,showedtheyweremore_____31_____todevelopdiseasesofthe_____32_____system.Thismightbebecauseoftheirincreasedbrainpower.Ifintelligencecannotbeimproved,canweatleastgetbetterat_______33_______?Notreally,sayscientists.Theystudied_____34_____likecaffeine(咖啡因)thatimproveattention.Theyfoundthedrugsonlyhelpedpeoplewithserious_____35_____problems.Forthosewhodidnothavetroublepayingattention,thedrugscouldhavethe_____36_____effect.Scientistssaythatthissuggeststhereisa(n)_____37_____limittohowmuchpeoplecanorshouldconcentrate.Ourmemoryisalsoa"double-edgedsword".Peoplewithextremelygoodmemoriescould_____38_____havingadifficultlifebecausetheycannot_____39_____badthingsthathappentothem.ThomasHills,oneoftheauthorsofthepaper,saidthat_______40_______alltheproblemsintryingtogetsmarter,it'sunlikelythattherewilleverbea"supermind".21.A.memory

B.character

C.ability

D.emotion22.A.gothrough

B.putthrough

C.carrythrough

D.getthrough23.A.Though

B.However

C.Therefore

D.Meanwhile24.A.limits

B.measures

C.ranges

D.standards25.A.Atfirst

B.Forexample

C.Inaddition

D.Aboveall26.A.because

B.until

C.before

D.sothat27.A.information

B.strength

C.breath

D.blood28.A.aspects

B.reasons

C.factors

D.effects29.A.chances

B.choices

C.deaths

D.lives30.A.smarter

B.higher

C.lower

D.better31.A.likely

B.possible

C.probable

D.sure32.A.nervous

B.bodily

C.personal

D.physical33.A.exercising

B.memorizing

C.concentrating

D.thinking34.A.drugs

B.poisons

C.plants

D.drinks35.A.health

B.family

C.attention

D.living36.A.different

B.similar

C.same

D.opposite37.A.higher

B.upper

C.smaller

D.lower38.A.startup

B.makeup

C.endup

D.comeup39.A.share

B.remember

C.perform

D.forget40.A.considering

B.concerning

C.supposing

D.regarding參考答案：21.A

22.D

23.B

24.A

25.B

26.A

27.D

28.C

29.C

30.B

31.A

32.A

33.C

34.A

35.C

36.D

37.B

38.C

39.D

40.A【分析】本文是一篇議論文。文章通過研究變得聰明會帶來的問題，得出結(jié)論我們是不可能擁有更聰明的頭腦的?！?1題詳解】考查名詞。A.memory記憶B.character特點C..ability能力D.emotion情感，我們想改善記憶力，智力和注意力，故選A。【22題詳解】考查詞組。A.gothrough經(jīng)歷；B.putthrough通過；C.carrythrough幫助…渡過難關(guān)；D.getthrough完成。句意：我們一杯咖啡一杯咖啡的喝來幫助我們度過每天。故選D。【23題詳解】考查副詞。A.Though雖然；B.However然而；C.Therefore因此；D.Meanwhile與此同時。從后面的句中的warns可知是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，用副詞。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查名詞。A.limits限制；B.measures方法；C.ranges范圍；D.standards標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。句意：然而，一項研究警告說，人類有多聰明是有限制的。故選A。【25題詳解】考查詞組。A.Atfirst起初，開始；B.Forexample例如；C.Inaddition另外；D.Aboveall首先，尤其是。根據(jù)_______5_______wearenot3meterstall_____6_____mostpeople'sheartsarenotstrongenoughtosend_______7_______upthathigh.。可知，例如，我們不到3米高，因為人的血液是到不了那么高的。故選B?！?6題詳解】考查連詞：A.until直到B.before在…前面C.because因為D.sothat以至于。根據(jù)_______5_______wearenot3meterstall_____6_____mostpeople'sheartsarenotstrongenoughtosend_______7_______upthathigh.?？芍?，我們不到3米高，因為人的血液是到不了那么高的。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查名詞：A.blood血液Binformation信息C.breath呼吸D.strength力量。根據(jù)_______5_______wearenot3meterstall_____6_____mostpeople'sheartsarenotstrongenoughtosend_______7_______upthathigh.?？芍?，我們不到3米高，因為人的血液是到不了那么高的。故選D。【28題詳解】考查名詞：A.reasons原因B.factors因素C.aspects方面D.effects影響，孩子的大腦是由一定的因素決定的。選B【29題詳解】考查名詞：A.chances機會B.lives生命C.choices選擇D.deaths死亡，如果孩子的腦袋太大，在出生的時候就有更多死亡。選D【30題詳解】考查形容詞：A.smarter更聰明B.better更好C.higher更高D.lower更低，猶太人平均的智商比歐洲人高，選C【31題詳解】考查形容詞：A.likely可能B.possible可能C.probable可能D.sure肯定，猶太人更有可能得神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的疾病，只有l(wèi)ikely可以用于：Sb/sthislikelytodo，選A【32題詳解】考查形容詞：A.nervous緊張的B.bodily身體的C.personal個人的D.physical身體的，解析同上。選A【33題詳解】考查動詞：A.exercising練習(xí)B.concentrating集中C.memorizing記憶D.thinking思考，如果腦力不能提高我們可不可以提高注意力呢？選B【34題詳解】考查名詞：A.poisons毒B.drinks飲料C.plants植物D.drugs藥品，他們研究了可以提高注意力的咖啡因。選D【35題詳解】考查名詞：A.health健康B.family家庭C.attention注意力D.living生活，藥品只能影響有嚴(yán)重健康問題的人，選A【36題詳解】考查形容詞：A.same同樣B.different不同C.opposite相反D.similar相似的，對沒有注意力問題的人這些藥物會有相反的影響。C【37題詳解】考查形容詞：A.lower更低B.smaller更聰明C.higher更高D.upper更高，對人們的注意力有更高的限制。選D【38題詳解】考查詞組：A.endup結(jié)束B.makeup組成C.startup開始D.comeup提出，記憶力好的人可能最終過著不好的生活。選A【39題詳解】考查動詞：A.remember記得B.forget忘記C.perform改革D.share分享，因為他們不能忘記不好的事情。選B?！?0題詳解】考查動詞：A.supposing猜想B.considering考慮到C.concerning關(guān)于D.regarding關(guān)于，考慮到，變得聰明會帶來的問題，我們是不可能擁有更聰明的頭腦的。選B【點睛】.在做完形填空時一定要注意and/but/so/besides/however/furthermore/moreover/inaddition/what’smore等詞匯、固定結(jié)構(gòu)的運用。它們連接了上下文，起著承上起下的作用。像but（但是）、however（然而），表示轉(zhuǎn)折，這說明前后的內(nèi)容相反或相對。把握住這一點，做起題來就會得心應(yīng)手。本題小題3，從后面的句中的warns可知是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，用副詞。故選B。三、閱讀理解22.Peoplehavebeenwonderingwhyelephantsdonotdevelopcancereventhoughtheyhavelifespans（壽命）thataresimilartohumans，livingforaround50to70years．

Nowscientistsbelievetheyknowwhy．AteamattheUniversityofChicago，UShasfoundthatelephantscarryalargenumberofgenesthatstoptumors（腫瘤）developing．Tobeprecise，theyfound20copiesofanantitumorgenecalledTP53inelephants．Mostotherspecies，includinghumans，onlycarryonecopy．

Accordingtotheresearch，theextracopiesofthegeneimprovedtheanimal'ssensitivitytoDNAdamage，whichletsthecellsquicklykillthemselveswhendamagedbeforetheycangoontoformdeadlytumors．

"Anincreasedriskofdevelopingcancerhasstoodinthewayoftheevolutionoflargebodysizesinmanyanimals，"thestudyauthorDr．

VincentLynchtoldTheGuardian．Ifeverylivingcellhasthesamechanceofbecomingcancerous（癌變的），largecreatureswithalonglifespanlikewhalesandelephantsshouldhaveagreaterriskofdevelopingcancerthanhumansandmice．Butacrossspecies，theriskofcancerdoesnotshowaconnectionwithbodymass．

ThisphenomenonwasfoundbyOxfordUniversityscientistRichardPetointhe1970sandlaternamed"Peto'sparadox（悖論）"．Biologistsbelieveitresultsfromlargeranimalsusingprotectionthatmanysmalleranimalsdonot．Intheelephant'scase，themakingofTP53isnature'swayofkeepingthisspeciesalive．

Thestudyalsofoundthatwhenthesamegeneswerebroughttolifeinmice，theyhadthesamecancerresistanceaselephants．Thismeansresearcherscouldusethediscoverytodevelopnewtreatmentsthatcanhelpstopcancerspreadingorevendevelopinginthefirstplace．

"Naturehasalreadyfiguredouthowtopreventcancer，"saidJoshuaSchiffman，abiologistattheSchoolofMedicine，UniversityofUtah，US．"It'suptoustolearnhowdifferentanimalsdealwiththeproblemsothatwecanusethosestrategiestopreventcancerinpeople．"

（1）Whyareelephantsunlikelytodevelopcancer？

A．Theyhavearatherlargebodysize．B．TheirgenessuffernoDNAdamage．C．Certaingenesintheirbodykillexistingtumors．D．Theycarrymanygenestopreventtumorsdeveloping．（2）Accordingtothepassage，whathasbeenariskintheevolution（進化）oflargeanimals？

A．Deadlytumors．B．Thehugebodymass．C．Cellskillingthemselves．D．SensitivitytoDNAdamage．（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedpart"Thisphenomenon"inParagraph5probablyreferto？

A．LargeranimalshaveprotectionfromTP53．B．Theriskofcancerisnotrelatedtobodysize．C．Largeranimalssufferthesameriskofcancerassmallerones．D．Thehugeranimalsare，thebiggerriskofcancertheywillhave．（4）Whatcanbeconcludedfromthepassage？

A．Dependingonnatureissurelyenoughtofightagainstcancer．B．TheTP53geneshaveprovedusefulinstoppingcancerinpeople．C．HumansareexpectedtopreventcancerwiththemakingofTP53．D．Theextracopiesofelephants'genesareusedtocurecancerpatients．參考答案：DABC【分析】本文是一篇科教類閱讀，屬于說明文，主要講述的是大象為何很少患癌癥的原因，這對人類治療腫瘤具有非常重要的意義【解答】1．D細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)文章第三段的AteamattheUniversityofChicago，Ushasfoundthatelephantscarryalargenumberofgenesthatstoptumors（腫瘤）fromdeveloping美國芝加哥大學(xué)的一個團隊發(fā)現(xiàn)，大象攜帶大量的基因，阻止腫瘤（腫瘤）的發(fā)展，可知大象不得癌癥是因為本身具有的基因問題．故選D項．2．A細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)文章第五段的"Ifeverylivingcellhasthesamechanceofbecomingcancerous，largecreatureswithlonglifespanslikewhalesandelephantsshouldhaveagreaterriskofdevelopingcancerthanhumansandmicedo如果每一個活細(xì)胞都有相同的機會成為癌變，大型動物壽命長像鯨魚和大象應(yīng)該有一個更大的比人類和老鼠患癌癥的風(fēng)險"可知，體型大的動物具有得癌癥的更大腫瘤．故選A項．3．B．細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)Butacrossspecies，theriskofcancerdoesnotshowaconnectionwithbodysize．可知，癌癥的風(fēng)險與體型無關(guān)．故選B．4．C推理判斷題．根據(jù)最后一段"It'suptoustolearnhowdifferentanimalsdealwiththeproblemsothatwecanusethosestrategiestopreventcancerinpeople．"可知是時候了解不同的動物是如何處理這種問題，為了我們可以使用這些策略來預(yù)防癌癥．而根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段Intheelephant'scase，themakingofTP53isnature'swayofkeepingthisspeciesalive．可知在大象的案例中，TP53的制作是讓這個物種存活的自然方法．由此推知，人們有望通過合成TP53來預(yù)防癌癥．故選C．【點評】閱讀理解題測試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對未說明的趨勢或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點理論，對文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋．考生首先要仔細(xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點23.Winterisaveryspecial,magicaltimeinNorthernNorway,withthelandscape(風(fēng)景)andlightchangingconstantlyandnotwodaysarethesame．Tomanythenorthernlightsareanunforgettablesight,andinNarvikthe