【課件】Unit+4+Discovering+Useful+Structures+課件人教版（2019）必修第三冊(cè)

Unit4SpaceExplorationGrammar2Step1.Leadin---PairworkLookatthefollowingsentencesandfocusontheitalicizedinfinitives.Inpairs,discusstheirfunctions.1.Itrainedforalongtimetoflyairplanesasafighterpilot..2.Asweallknow,anastronautneedstobehealthyandcalminordertoworkinspace..作目的狀語(yǔ)作目的狀語(yǔ)33.Firstofall,youmustbeintelligentenoughtogetarelatedcollegedegree.4.Somescientistweredeterminedtohelphumansrealisetheirdreamtoexplorespace..Summary:1.不定式的結(jié)構(gòu)：to+do原形。2.分析上面的句子，我們知道在描述太空探索時(shí)，動(dòng)詞不定式不僅可以用來(lái)表目的，還可以用來(lái)作定語(yǔ)，表修飾。作目的狀語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)PresentationYangLiweithoughtlittleofhispersonallifetofocusonhiswork.Tianwen-1isChina'sfirstmissiontolandonMars.動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)1.動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)常放在名詞或不定代詞后面作后置定語(yǔ),表示尚未發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。Letusgivehimsomethingtoeat.讓我們給他一些吃的東西。Wehavemuchhomeworktodotonight.今晚我們有很多作業(yè)要做。Step2.動(dòng)詞不定式用作定語(yǔ)2.名詞前有first,last,next,only等詞以及最高級(jí)修飾時(shí),其后要用動(dòng)詞不定式。ShewasthefirstwomantowinthegoldmedalintheOlympicGames.她是第一個(gè)在奧運(yùn)會(huì)中贏得金牌的女性。3.抽象名詞attempt,ability,chance,desire,determination,decision,plan,way或不定代詞something,nothing等后面常用不定式作后置定語(yǔ)。ButJanisAdkinshastheabilityanddesiretodousefulwork.但是詹尼斯·阿德金斯有能力和愿望去做有用的工作。4.當(dāng)名詞與定語(yǔ)之間存在動(dòng)賓關(guān)系時(shí)。Iusuallyhavealotofmeetingstoattend.我通常有很多會(huì)議要參加。Sheisanicepersontoworkwith.她是一個(gè)很好的合作伙伴。5.當(dāng)名詞與定語(yǔ)之間存在主謂關(guān)系時(shí)。Wemustfindapersontodothejob.我們必須找到一個(gè)人來(lái)做這項(xiàng)工作。Weneedsomeonetogoandgetadoctor.我們需要有人去請(qǐng)醫(yī)生。6.當(dāng)名詞與定語(yǔ)有同位關(guān)系時(shí)。Wegottheordertoleavethecity.我們接到了離開(kāi)這個(gè)城市的命令。(1)Theairport______________(complete)nextyearwillhelppromotetourisminthisarea.

(2)Doyouhaveanything_____(do)tonight?

(3)Thebestway__________(improve)yourEnglishistojoinanEnglishclub.

tobecompletedtodotoimproveStep3Practice動(dòng)詞不定式在句中作狀語(yǔ),主要用來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞和形容詞,也可用來(lái)修飾副詞。在句中,不定式可作目的狀語(yǔ)、原因狀語(yǔ)、結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)、條件狀語(yǔ)等,可表示目的、原因及結(jié)果等。1.目的狀語(yǔ),置于句首或句末,置于句首時(shí)常表示強(qiáng)調(diào)。為加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣,常與inorder或soas組成短語(yǔ)。Agroupofyoungpeoplegottogethertodiscussthisquestion.一群年輕人聚在一起討論這個(gè)問(wèn)題。Inordertohelphim,wewoulddoeverythingwecan.為了幫助他,我們將盡我們所能。Step4動(dòng)詞不定式作狀語(yǔ)不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)(1)不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)時(shí),其動(dòng)作通常遲于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作。Isaidthattoencouragehim.我這么說(shuō)是為了鼓勵(lì)他。(2)置于句首時(shí)只用todo/inordertodo。如用于表示否定,inorder或soas不能省略,用inordernottodo或soasnottodo形式。Iwalkedquietlysoasnottodisturbthebaby.我安靜地走路,以免打擾嬰兒。(3)不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)可轉(zhuǎn)換為sothat/inorderthat或so...that...引導(dǎo)的目的狀語(yǔ)從句。Heworkedveryhardtopasstheexam.→Heworkedsohardthathecouldpasstheexam.→Heworkedhardsothat/inorder

thathecouldpasstheexam.他非常努力以便能通過(guò)考試。2.原因狀語(yǔ),多見(jiàn)于“sb.+be+adj.+todo...”結(jié)構(gòu)句中。Iwasverysadtohearthenews.聽(tīng)到這個(gè)消息我很難過(guò)。3.結(jié)果狀語(yǔ),多見(jiàn)于“too...to”;“enoughto...”;onlytodo(表示意料之外的結(jié)果的發(fā)生);so/such...asto(意為“如此……以至于……”)結(jié)構(gòu)句中。I’mtootiredtodowell.我太累了做不好。Heisoldenoughtogotoschool.他到上學(xué)的年齡了。Herushedback,onlytofindthebookmissing.他沖了回來(lái),卻發(fā)現(xiàn)書不見(jiàn)了。Sheissoproudastolookdownuponothers.她太驕傲了,看不起別人。4.獨(dú)立動(dòng)詞不定式多用作插入語(yǔ),表示說(shuō)話人的心理狀態(tài)或?qū)κ虑榈目捶?。I’dliketostayhealthy,buttobehonest,Ionlyeatfoodthattastesgood.我想保持健康,但說(shuō)實(shí)話,我只吃味道好的食物?！久麕燑c(diǎn)津】現(xiàn)在分詞與不定式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)的區(qū)別(1)動(dòng)詞不定式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是一種意想不到的結(jié)果。Anxiously,shetookthedressoutofthepackageandtriediton,onlytofinditdidn’tfit.(2)現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是一種順承的,必然造成的結(jié)果。Hisfatherpassedaway,leavinghimalittlemoney.(1)___________(workout)thedifficultmathsproblem,IhaveconsultedProfessorRussellseveraltimes.

(2)________(learn)moreaboutChineseculture,JackhasdecidedtotakeChinesefolkmusicasanelectivecourse.

ToworkoutTolearn(3)Hehurriedtothestationonly______(find)thetrainhadleft. (4)(2018·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)WetravelonDay2tonorthernFrance______(visit)theWorldWarⅠbattlefields.

(5)(2018·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)WhenthegorillasandIfrightenedeachother,Iwasjustglad______(find)themalive.

tofindtovisittofind(6)(2018·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)Joinus_______(taste)avarietyoffreshlocalfoodanddrinks.

totasteStep5Practice(1)選出不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)的句子①Wemustdoeverythingwecantohelpthem.②Heleft，nevertoreturn.③Todoagoodjob，wemusthavetherighttools.④Wejumpedwithjoytohearthenews.⑤Shewastooyoungtounderstandallthat.⑥Shestudiedveryhardtogethighgrades.⑦M(jìn)anyfarmersfertilizetheircropsinordertomakethemgrowmorequickly.⑧Weplanttreeseveryyearsoastoprotectthesoilonthehill.________________________________________________________________________①，③，⑥，⑦，⑧LevelA一句多譯我們將召開(kāi)會(huì)議來(lái)討論這種不健康的生活方式。①We’llholdameeting_____________________theunhealthylifestyle.②We’llholdameeting_____________________theunhealthylifestyle.③We’llholdameeting_____________________theunhealthylifestyle.④________________________theunhealthylifestyle，we’llholdameeting.⑤________________theunhealthylifestyle，we’llholdameeting.todiscussinordertodiscusssoastodiscussInordertodiscussTodiscussLevelBTask1同義句轉(zhuǎn)換①WestayedinBeijingsothat/inorderthatwecouldvisittheBird’sNest.→WestayedinBeijing_____________________________theBird’sNest.②Wewilldoeverythinginorderthat/sothattheycanlivehappily.→Wewilldoeverything_________________________