2023年自考類(lèi)英語(yǔ)自考英美文學(xué)選讀歷年高頻考題帶答案難題附詳解

2023年自考類(lèi)英語(yǔ)自考英美文學(xué)選讀歷年高頻考題帶答案難題附詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）第1卷一.歷年考點(diǎn)試題黑鉆版(共50題)1.AllofthefollowingnovelsbyDanielDefoearethefirstliteraryworksdevotedtothestudyofproblemsofthelower-classpeopleexcept______.A.RobinsonCrusoeB.CaptainSingletonC.MollFlandersD.ColonelJack2.ThebestfictionalworkofJonathanSwiftis______.A.ATaleofaTubB.TheBattleoftheBooksC.AModestProposalD.Gulliver'sTravels3.Thenovel______writtenbyCharlesDickensisfamousforitsvividdescriptionsoftheworkhouseandlifeoftheunderworldinthe19th-centuryLondon.A.DavidCopperfieldB.BleakHouseC.GreatExpectationsD.OliverTwist4."Thedignityofmovementofanicebergisduetoonlyone-eighthofitbeingabovewater."This"iceberg"analogyaboutprosestylewasputforwardby______.A.WilliamFaulknerB.HenryJamesC.ErnestHemingwayD.F·ScottFitzgerald5."Shenosoonercamehomethanshesentforthegamekeeper,andorderedhimtobringhisdaughtertoher;sayingshewouldprovideforherinthefamily,andmightpossiblyplacethegirlaboutherownperson,whenherownmaid,whowasnowgoingaway,hadlefther."

Questions:

A.Identifythetitleandtheauthor.

B.Whatstorydoesthenoveltell?6.CharlesDickensisoneofthegreatestcriticalrealistwritersoftheVictoriaAge.Makeabriefcommentonhisnovels.7.Weslowlydrove—Heknewnohaste,

AndIhadputaway

Mylaborandmyleisuretoo,

ForHisCivility—

WepassedtheSchool,whereChildrenstrove

AtRecess—intheRing—

WepassedtheFieldsOfGazingGrain—

WepassedtheSettingSun—

Questions:

A.Identifythepoetandthetitleofthepoemfromwhichtheabovestanzasaretaken.

B.WhatfigureofspeechisusedinLine1andLine4?

C.Whatdo"theSchool","theFieldsofGazingGrain"and"theSettingSun"represent?8.ThethreedominantfiguresoftheAmericanAgeofRealismunderstandthe"truth"differently.Whoaretheyandwhatarethedifferences?9.SymbolismhasbeenwidelyusedbymanyAmericanwriters.DiscussthewaysymbolismisusedinFaulkner'sstoryARoseforEmily.10.Inhis______,Shelleyeulogizedthepowerfulwestwindandexpressedhiseagernesstoenjoytheboundlessfreedomfromthereality.A.PrometheusUnboundB.OdetotheWestWindC.AdonaisD.ADefenceofPoetry11.ByanalyzingthepoemsbyPercyByssheShelley,discusshisartofpoems.12.Fitzgeraldwroteonenovel______,inwhichhetracesthedeclineofayoungAmericanpsychiatristwhosemarriagetoabeautifulandwealthypatientdrainshispersonalenergiesandcorrodeshisprofessionalcareer.A.TenderistheNightB.TheGreatGatsbyC.TheSideofParadiseD.TheLastTycoon13.ItisthegreatestmastersofEnglishprose______thatdefinedagoodstyleas"properwordsinproperplaces."A.HenryFieldingB.JonathanSwiftC.SamuelJohnsonD.AlexanderPope14."Cometome—cometomeentirelynow,"saidhe,andadded,inhisdeepesttone,speakinginmyearashis"cheekwaslaidonmine,"Makemyhappiness—Iwillmakeyours."

Theabovepassagepresentsascenein______.A.EmilyBronte'sWutheringHeightsB.CharlotteBronte'sJaneEyreC.JohnGalsworthy'sTheForsyteSagaD.ThomasHardy'sTessoftheD'Urbervilles15.OneofShelley'sgreatestpoliticallyricsis______,whichwaslatertobecomearallyingsongoftheBritishCommunistParty.A."OdetoLiberty"B."OdetoNaples"C."Sonnet.Englandin1819"D."MenofEngland"16.InhisTheArtofFiction,clearlyindicatesthattheaimofthenovelistopresentlife.A.HenryJamesB.MarkTwainC.TheodoreDreiserD.WilliamDeanHowells17.______isThomasHardy'smostcheerfulandidyllicwork.A.TheReturnoftheNativeB.FarfromtheMaddingCrowdC.UndertheGreenwoodTreeD.TheWoodlanders18.ThemajorconcernofFaulkner's______isprimarilyabouttheSouthasastateofmind.A.TheSunAlsoRisesB.Lightin.AugustC.TheFableD.TheMansion19.Generally,theRenaissancereferstotheperiodbetween______and______centuries.A.14th,mid-17thB.16th,mid-17thC.14th,mid-18thD.16th,mid-19th20.In______,WilliamFaulknerilluminatestheproblemofblackandwhiteintheAmericanSouthernsocietyasaclose-knitdestinyofbloodbrotherhood.A.GoDown,MosesB.LightinAugustC.TheMarbleFaunD.AsILayDying21.WiththescarletletterAasthebiggestsymbolofall,______proveshimselftobeoneofthebestsymbolists.A.HawthorneB.DreiserC.JamesD.Faulkner22.HermanMelvillewrotehissemi-autobiographicalnovel______concerningthesufferingsofagenteelyouthamongbrutalsailors.A.TypeeB.RedburnC.Moby-DickD.Mardi23.______paintsaworldofmisery,poverty,disease,warandrepressionwithamelancholytone.A.OliverTwistB.ATaleofTwoCitiesC.SongsofInnocenceD.SongsofExperience24.InallhisnovelsTheodoreDreisersetshimselftoprojectthe______Americanvalues.Forexample,inSisterCarrie,thereisnotonecharacterwhosestatus,isnotdeterminedeconomically.A.PuritanB.materialisticC.psychologicalD.religious25.Milton'sliteraryachievementscanbedividedintothreegroups:theearlypoeticworks,themiddle______andthelastgreatpoems.A.romancesB.dramasC.prosepamphletsD.ballads26.Asoneofthefirstnoveliststointroducethethemesofpsychologyintohisworks,

D.H.Lawrenceuses______topresentthepsychologicalaspectsofhischaracters.A.dramaticmonologueB.streamofconsciousnessC.poeticimaginationandsymbolismD.romanticandrealistictradition27.Thesentence"threeorfourfamiliesinacountryvillagearetheverythingtoworkon"canbestreflectthewriter'spersonalknowledgeandrangeofwriting.Thiswriteris______.A.WalterScottB.ThomasHardyC.CharlotteBronteD.JaneAusten28.AccordingtoWhitman,poetrycouldenableAmericanstocelebratetheirreleasefromtheOldWorldandthe______rule.A.academicB.officialC.colonialD.legislative29.Hemingway'ssecondbigsuccessis______,whichwrotetheepitaphtoadecadeandtothewholegenerationisthe1920sintellingusastoryaboutthetragicloveaffairofawoundedAmericansoldierwithaBritishnurse.A.TheOldManandtheSeaB.ForWhomtheBellTollsC.TheSunAlsoRisesD.AFarewelltoArms30.______thefirstimportantEnglishessayist,isalsothefounderofmodemscienceinEnglandandoneoftherepresentativesoftheEnglishRenaissance.A.ChristopherMarloweB.FrancisBaconC.ThomasMoreD.WilliamShakespeare31."Avioletbyamossystone

Halfhiddenfromtheeye!

—Fairasastar,whenonlyone

Isshininginthesky."

Questions:

A.Identifytheauthorandthetitleofthepoemfromwhichthisstanzaistaken.

B.Pickoutthemetaphorusedinthisstanza.

C.Whatqualitydoestheauthorintendtoshowbyusingthemetaphor?32.______isthefirstimportantgovernessnovelintheEnglishliteraryhistory.A.JaneEyreB.EmmaC.WutheringHeightsD.Middlemarch33.Thework______byWilliamBlakeisalovelyvolumeofpoems,presentingahappyworld,thoughnotwithoutitsevilsandsufferings.A.SongsofInnocenceB.SongsofExperienceC.PoeticalSketchesD.LyricalBallads34.Manisa"victimofforcesoverwhichhehasnocontrol"Thisisanotionheldstronglyby______.A.RobertFrostB.TheodoreDreiserC.HenryJamesD.HamlinGarland35.TheHouyhnhnmsdepictedbyJonathanSwiftinGulliver'sTravelsare______.A.horsesthatareendowedwithreasonB.pigmiesthatareendowedwithadmirablequalitiesC.giantsthataresuperiorinwisdomD.hairy,wild,lowanddespicablecreatures,whoresemblehumanbeingsnotonlyinappearancebutalsoinsomeotherways36.Whitmanhasmaderadicalchangesintheformofpoetrybychoosingfreeverseashismediumofexpression.WhatarethecharacteristicofWhitman'sfreeverse?37.Generallyspeaking,allthosewriterswithanaturalisticapproachtohumanrealitytendtobe______.A.transcendentalistsB.optimistsC.pessimistsD.idealists38.Whenhewaseighty-seven,hereadhispoetryattheinaugurationofPresidentJohnF.Kennedyin1961.Thispoetwas______.A.HenryJamesB.RobertFrostC.WilliamFaulknerD.WallaceStevens39.MuchofShaviandramaisconstructedaroundthe______ofaconventionaltheatricalsituation.A.traditionB.inversionC.borderingD.distortion40.WaltWhitmanisapoetwithastrongsenseofmission,havingdevotedallhislifetothecreationofthe"single"poem,______.A.InnocentsAbroadB.TheLostParadiseC.LeavesofGrassD.TheWasteLand41.TessoftheD'Urbervilles,oneofThomasHardy'sbestknownnovels,portraysmanas______.A.beinghereditarilyeithergoodorbadB.havingnocontroloverhisownfateC.beingself-sufficientD.stillretaininghisownfaithinaworldofconfusion42.Avioletbyamossystone

Halfhiddenfromtheeye!

—Fairasastar,whenonlyone

Isshininginthesky.

Questions:

A.Identifytheauthorandthetitleofthepoemfromwhichthisstanzaistaken.

B.Pickoutthemetaphorusedinthisstanza.

C.Whatqualitydoestheauthorintendtoshowbyusingthemetaphor?43.Inthisparttheheroofthestory,RobinsonCrusoe,narratesin______howhegoestosea,getsshipwreckedandmaroonedonalonelyisland,strugglestolivefortwenty-fouryearsthereandfinallygetsrelievedandreturnstoEngland.A.thesecondpersonB.thefirstpersonC.thethirdpersonD.Defoe'smouth44.WhichofthefollowingdescriptionsoftheEnlightenmentMovementisNOTcorrect?A.ThemovementflourishedinFrance.B.ThemovementwasafurtheranceoftheRenaissance.C.Thepurposeofthemovementwastoenlightenthewholeworld.D.Thepurposeofthemovementwastoenhancethereligiouseducation.45.WhichofthefollowingistheGothicnovel?______A.P.B.Shelley'sPrometheusUnbound.B.JohnKeats'Lamia.C.MaryShelley'sFrankenstein,D.JaneAusten'sPrideandPrejudice.46.WhichofthefollowingisNOTregardedasoneofthecharacteristicsofRenaissance?A.RediscoveryofancientRomanandGreekculture.B.AttempttoremovetheoldfeudalistideasinmedievalEurope.C.Introducingnewideasthatexpressedtheinterestsoftherisingbourgeoisie.D.Praiseofman'seffortsinsouldeliveryandpersonalsalvation.47.SinclairLewis'Babbitpresentsadocumentarypictureofthenarrowandlimited______.A.upper-classmindB.middle-classmindC.proletarianD.ordinarypeople48.Fitzgerald'sfictionalworldisthebestembodimentofthespiritof______.A.theJazzAgeB.theRomanticPeriodC.theRenaissancePeriodD.theNeoclassicalPeriod49.RobertBrowningcreatedtheversenovel,transferringthethematicinterestfrommerenarrationofthestorytorevelationandstudyofcharacters'innerworldandbroughttotheVictorianpoetry______.A.somepsycho-analyticalelementB.someromanticelementC.somerealisticelementD.someclassicalelement50.JonathanSwift'sGulliver'sTravels,asawhole,isoneofthemosteffectiveanddevastatingcriticismsandsatiresofallaspectsintheEnglishandEuropeanlifeofhisday.PleasegiveabriefcommentonGulliver'sTravels.第1卷參考答案一.歷年考點(diǎn)試題黑鉆版1.參考答案：A[解析]《魯濱遜漂流記》是一部體現(xiàn)時(shí)代精神的游記歷險(xiǎn)小說(shuō)，是公認(rèn)的笛福代表作。其余四部小說(shuō)——《辛利頓船長(zhǎng)》(1720)、《莫爾·弗朗德斯》(1722)、《杰克上?！?1722)、及《羅克薩那》(1724)，描述了貧苦的下層人民為生計(jì)而奔忙，同時(shí)卻還渴望大筆財(cái)富和上等人的生活。2.參考答案：D[解析]《格列佛游記》發(fā)表于1726年，是斯威夫特最佳諷刺小說(shuō)。答案為D。3.參考答案：D主要考查的知識(shí)點(diǎn)為《霧都孤兒》著名的原因。狄更新的《霧都孤兒》以生動(dòng)地描寫(xiě)十九世紀(jì)倫敦那非人道的工廠廠房與黑暗的充滿罪惡的下層生活而著名。4.參考答案：C[解析]海明威曾說(shuō)，“冰山運(yùn)動(dòng)的尊嚴(yán)在于只有八分之一露出水面?！焙Ｃ魍娘L(fēng)格就是這種“冰山”原則。他的作品看似簡(jiǎn)單自然，但實(shí)際上已經(jīng)精心修飾，極富暗示性和底蘊(yùn)。5.參考答案：A.HenryFielding;TheHistoryofTomJones,aFoundling.

B.ThestorytellsaboutTom,thetitularheroofthestory,whoisaboyfoundinMr.Allworthy'shouseandbroughtuptherewiththekindoldman'snephewBtifil.Thelatter,ahypocritical,wreckedman,isenviousofMr.Allworthy'sfondnessforthefoundlingandofTom'sintimacywiththebeautifulSophia,daughterofthewell-offsquireWestern.HeplayssometrickssothatMr.AllworthydrivesTomoutofthehouse.Tom,intendingtogotosea,wronglytakestheroadtoLondon,andSophia,inrebellionagainstherfather'sdesirethatshebemarriedtoBlifil,marchesoutforLondontoo,accompaniedbyhermaid.Thetwoyoungpeople,especiallyTom,havemanyadventuresontheroad;butintheend,aftersomemisunderstandingbetweenthem,theyarehappilyunited.6.參考答案：CharlesDickens,inhiscareerasanovelist,wrotemanynovels,andpresentedtousacomprehensivepictureofthe19thcenturyEngland,particularlyLondon.

Inhisearlynovels,heexposesandcriticizesoneormorespecificsocialevilsineach.Forexample,thedehumanizingworkhousesystemandthedark,criminalunderworldlifeinOliverTwist;theenslavingeducationinNicholasNickleby;thelegalfraudinThePickwickPaper;thedebtor'sprisoninDavidCopperfield;themoney-worshipthatbringstragedyinDombeyandSon,etc.Withaneyetosocialreform,CharlesDickensisoptimisticinhisseeminglybitterattackofthesins.

Hislaterworksshowthenovelistasahighlyconsciousandmatureartistinthatstoriesaremuchbetterconstructured,institutionssetasmetaphorsforarepressivesocialpsychology.Allofhisnovels,exceptATaleofTwoCities,presentacriticismofthecomplicatedandfoundamentalsocialinstitutionsandmoralsoftheVictorianEngland,forexample,thelegalsystemthatdeprivesthepooroftheirrightsinBleakHouse,thepoliticalmanagementthatleadstotheimprisonmentoftheinnocentinLittleDorrit,theUtilitarianismthatcorruptsyoungmindsinHardTimes,andthedegeneratingatmosphereinGreatExpectations.Theattacksbecomemoreurgentandpassionate,withtheirpessimistictonequitedifferentfromthatinhisearlynovels.7.參考答案：A.FromEmilyDickinson's"BecauseICouldnotStopforDeath—".

B.Personification.

C.Theyrepresentthreestagesoflife:"theSchool"—youth;"theFieldsofGazingGrain"—matureperiod;"theSettingSun"—endoflife.8.參考答案：A.WilliamDeanHowells,MarkTwain,HenryJames.

B.MarkTwainandHowellsseemedtohavepaidmoreattentiontothe"life"oftheAmericans.Howellsfocusedhisdiscussionontherisingmiddleclassandthewaytheylived.MarkTwainpreferredtohavehisownregionandpeopleattheforefrontofhisstories.HenryJameshadapparentlylaidagreateremphasisonthe"innerworld"ofman.9.參考答案：A.Rose,asasymboloflove,mayrefertothelovebetweenEmilyandtheNortherner,yetusedratherironically,inthewayitisassociatedwithdecayanddeathinthestory.

B.Rosecouldalsostandforthepity,sympathy,orthelament"we"showsforEmily.

C.ThepityandlamentgoesnotonlytoEmilybutallthosewhoareimprisonedinthepastandfailtoadapttothechange.

D.Emily,aneccentricspinsterwhorefusestoacceptthepassageoftime,isthesymboloftheOldSouthimprisonedinthepast.10.參考答案：B[解析]本題主要考查的知識(shí)點(diǎn)為雪萊的在《西風(fēng)頌》中所表達(dá)的思想。

在《西風(fēng)頌》中，雪萊描述了西風(fēng)強(qiáng)大的威力，表達(dá)了自己對(duì)西風(fēng)自由馳騁的羨慕和讓西風(fēng)將其吶喊傳遍全世界的愿望。11.參考答案：A.PercyByssheShellyisanintenseandoriginallyricalpoetintheEnglishlanguage.

B.Hispoemsarefullofclassicalandmythologicalallusions.

C.Hisstyleaboundsinpersonificationandmetaphorandotherfiguresofspeech.

D.Hedescribesvividlywhatweseeandfeel,orexpresswhatpassionatelymovesus.12.參考答案：A[解析]在《夜色溫柔》這部小說(shuō)中，菲茲杰拉德講述了一個(gè)美國(guó)精神病醫(yī)生和一位美麗而又富裕的病人結(jié)婚，最后耗盡了他的精力，事業(yè)也一蹶不振的故事。答案為A。13.參考答案：B[解析]本題主要考查的知識(shí)點(diǎn)為斯威夫特的寫(xiě)作風(fēng)格。

斯威夫特擅長(zhǎng)寫(xiě)簡(jiǎn)練樸素的散文，他創(chuàng)立了一種良好的文風(fēng)，即“在恰當(dāng)?shù)牡胤接们‘?dāng)?shù)脑~”。14.參考答案：B[解析]簡(jiǎn)童年時(shí)生活在一個(gè)父母雙亡、寄人籬下的環(huán)境中，但也許正是因?yàn)檫@一切，使簡(jiǎn)·愛(ài)擁有無(wú)比的信心和堅(jiān)強(qiáng)不屈的精神，還有一種不可戰(zhàn)勝的內(nèi)在人格力量。也正因?yàn)樗恼?、高尚、純潔，使得羅切斯特為之震撼，并把她看做可以和自己在精神上平等交談的人，并且慢慢地深深地愛(ài)上了她。題中這一段話正是羅切斯特向簡(jiǎn)·愛(ài)表白他的愛(ài)戀時(shí)的情景。15.參考答案：D[解析]雪萊最著名的政治抒情詩(shī)是《致英格蘭人民》。這首詩(shī)在英國(guó)憲章運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)期成為英國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨的戰(zhàn)歌。答案為D。16.參考答案：A[解析]本題主要考查的知識(shí)點(diǎn)為詹姆斯的《小說(shuō)的藝術(shù)》。

在《小說(shuō)的藝術(shù)》一書(shū)中，詹姆斯明確指出，小說(shuō)的目的是展示現(xiàn)實(shí)生活。17.參考答案：C主要考查的知識(shí)點(diǎn)為哈代最歡快、最抒情的作品。在哈代所有的作品中，《格林伍德的林蔭下》是最歡快、最抒情的。18.參考答案：B19.參考答案：A[解析]一般來(lái)說(shuō)，文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期指的是從十四世紀(jì)到十七世紀(jì)中葉的這一時(shí)期。答案為A。20.參考答案：A本題主要考查的知識(shí)點(diǎn)為《下去吧，摩西》中?？思{的觀點(diǎn)。在《下去吧，摩西》這部小說(shuō)中，?？思{把美國(guó)南方社會(huì)的黑人和白人的關(guān)系看成命運(yùn)休戚相關(guān)的血親兄弟關(guān)系。21.參考答案：A22.參考答案：B[解析]麥爾維爾的早期創(chuàng)作是在1846至1852年間。這是他創(chuàng)作的最佳時(shí)期。他文思泉涌，《雷得本》(Redburn，1849年)是半自傳性的小說(shuō)，寫(xiě)一個(gè)高雅的青年在野蠻的水手中的遭遇。23.參考答案：D本題主要考查的知識(shí)點(diǎn)為布萊克的詩(shī)集《經(jīng)驗(yàn)之歌》的主要內(nèi)容。布菜克的詩(shī)集《經(jīng)驗(yàn)之歌》描繪了一個(gè)充滿苦難、貧窮、疾病與戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的世界，在筆調(diào)上也極為憂傷壓抑。24.參考答案：B25.參考答案：C[解析]彌爾頓的文學(xué)作品可分為三類(lèi)：早期的詩(shī)作、中期的散文小冊(cè)子和后期的偉大詩(shī)作。答案為C。26.參考答案：C[解析]為了表現(xiàn)角色的心理活動(dòng)，勞倫斯大量使用詩(shī)化的聯(lián)想和象征主義。答案為C。27.參考答案：D[解析]本題主要考查的知識(shí)點(diǎn)為簡(jiǎn)·奧斯汀的寫(xiě)作素材。

奧斯汀的寫(xiě)作素材十分狹窄。主題、角色、社會(huì)背景及情節(jié)都離不開(kāi)18世紀(jì)英國(guó)的鄉(xiāng)村中產(chǎn)階級(jí)生活，總是三、四口之家的日常生活、舞會(huì)、茶點(diǎn)、人際關(guān)系、閑言碎語(yǔ)等。因此答案為D。28.參考答案：C[解析]惠特曼認(rèn)為，詩(shī)歌可以塑造一個(gè)新的民族精神，可以幫助脫離歐洲思想和殖民地統(tǒng)治的影響，還可以幫助美國(guó)人理解其新的地位和在新的充滿無(wú)限可能的國(guó)家里給自己定位。答案為C。29.參考答案：D主要考查的知識(shí)點(diǎn)為海明威的第二部成名作。《永別了，武器》是海明威第二部成功的作品。小說(shuō)講的是一個(gè)受傷的美國(guó)士兵與一個(gè)英國(guó)護(hù)士的愛(ài)情悲劇，反映的是20世紀(jì)20年代整個(gè)社會(huì)和整代人。30.參考答案：B[解析]本題主要考查的知識(shí)點(diǎn)為培根在英國(guó)文學(xué)中的地位。

培根是英國(guó)歷史上最重要的散文家，是英國(guó)現(xiàn)代科學(xué)的奠基人，是英國(guó)文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期當(dāng)之無(wú)愧的代表人物。31.參考答案：A.Thestanzaistakenfrom"SheDweltAmongtheUntroddenWays"writtenbyW.Wordsworth.

B.Theflower(violet)isusedasametaphor.

C.Bycomparingacountrygirl(Lucy)toaviolet,thepoetintendstoshowherqualityofbeautyandhervirtuewhichareoftenneglectedbythecommonpeoplejustlikeawildflowerbloomingbyanuntroddenroad.32.參考答案：A[解析]本題主要考查的知識(shí)點(diǎn)為英國(guó)文學(xué)史上第一部重要的關(guān)于家庭女教師的小說(shuō)。小說(shuō)《簡(jiǎn)·愛(ài)》在英國(guó)文學(xué)史上第一次成功地塑造出了家庭女教師的形象。33.參考答案：A[解析]布萊克的代表作《天真之歌》(1809年)是一部受人喜愛(ài)的詩(shī)集，表述了一個(gè)愉快而純真的世界，盡管這個(gè)世界也偶有苦難與罪惡。答案為A。34.參考答案：B35.參考答案：A[解析]本題主要考查的知識(shí)點(diǎn)為《格列佛游記》的內(nèi)容。

《格列佛游記》的第四卷是全書(shū)中最有趣的一部分，格列佛發(fā)現(xiàn)了慧馬國(guó)。在那里，馬即彗馬具有理性以及其他所有的優(yōu)秀品質(zhì)，它們是統(tǒng)治階級(jí)。36.參考答案：A.Itdoesn'thavefixedbeatorregularrhymescheme.Alooserandmoreopen-endedsyntacticalstructureisfrequentlyfavored.

B.Thepoeticlinesaresimpleandproselike,varyinginlength,whichallowshimtoexpresshisideasfreely.

C.WhitmanalsoappliesoralEnglishinhisfreeversetomakeitaneffectivewaytoexpressfreelythefeelingsofcommonpeople.37.參考答案：C[解析]常識(shí)題。自然主義流派忽視人的社會(huì)屬性，將人類(lèi)看作自然界的一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的組成部分，依博立特·泰納(1828—1893年)為自然主義的發(fā)展提供了哲學(xué)上的依據(jù)，他深信人類(lèi)性格和命運(yùn)的形成取決于遺傳因素、周遭環(huán)境以及所處之年代。自然主義雖然風(fēng)靡一時(shí)，但由于其過(guò)于悲觀的基調(diào)和極端冷峻的風(fēng)格，始終未能如現(xiàn)實(shí)主義或浪漫主義一樣形成一種世界范圍內(nèi)的大觀。38.參考答案：B主要考查的知識(shí)點(diǎn)為弗洛斯特。87歲的弗洛斯特在1961年肯尼迪總統(tǒng)的就職儀式上吟誦他的詩(shī)《直率的禮物》。39.參考答案：B[解析]蕭伯納的許多戲劇情節(jié)與角色都在傳統(tǒng)的基礎(chǔ)上發(fā)生倒轉(zhuǎn)錯(cuò)位。這種倒轉(zhuǎn)錯(cuò)位是他對(duì)生活中各種問(wèn)題的最佳解釋方法。答案為B。40.參考答案：C[解析]惠特曼是個(gè)有強(qiáng)烈使命感的詩(shī)人，他畢生所創(chuàng)作的唯一一本詩(shī)集是關(guān)于美國(guó)民主思想的《草葉集》?！恫萑~集》絕大部分作品是歌頌美國(guó)支持民主的群體以及自我的。41.參考答案：B42.參考答案：A.WilliamWordsworth;SheDweltAmongtheUntroddenWays.

B.Avioletisusedasametaphor.

C.Bycomparingacountrygirltoaviolet,thepo