Unit1SciencefictionReadingandThinking課件-高中英語人教版選擇性

Unit1SCIENCEANDSCIENTISTS

ReadingandThinking(2)JohnSnowDffeats“KingCholera”楊婷婷WORDS1．severeadj.

極為惡劣的；十分嚴(yán)重的；嚴(yán)厲的(P2)Thisillnesscausesseverediarrhoea,dehydration,andevendeath.這種疾病會導(dǎo)致嚴(yán)重的腹瀉、脫水，甚至死亡。(1)besevereon...對……嚴(yán)厲

beseverewithoneself嚴(yán)于律己(2)severeweather惡劣的天氣severedisease嚴(yán)重的疾病

severelooks嚴(yán)肅的表情(3)severelyadv.

嚴(yán)重地；嚴(yán)格地；嚴(yán)厲地Wemustbeseverewithourselves.我們必須對自己嚴(yán)格。Theprofessorisrathersevereonhisstudents.這位教授對他的學(xué)生相當(dāng)嚴(yán)厲。單句語法填空(1)Idonotliketobesevere________anyone,butourownsituationisserious.(2)Youshouldfirstofallbesevere________yourselfandsetanexampletoyourkids.(3)Afirehad__________(severe)damagedthewarehouse.onwithseverely2．infectionn．感染；傳染(P2)Anotherwasthatcholerawascausedbyaninfectionfromgermsinfoodorwater.另一種說法是霍亂是由食物或水中的細(xì)菌感染引起的。(1)infectvt.使感染；傳染beinfectedwith...感染上……，傳染上……(2)infectiousadj.

感染的；傳染性的單句語法填空(1)Everyyear,therearepeopleunluckyenoughtobeinfected________theflu.(2)Don’tyoufindherenthusiasm________(infect)?完成句子(3)Areyousurethereis______________now?你確定現(xiàn)在沒有感染的危險嗎？withinfectiousnodangerofinfection3．subscribevi.認(rèn)購(股份)；定期訂購；定期交納(會費(fèi))(P2)Snowsubscribedtothesecondtheory.斯諾贊同第二種理論。(1)subscribeto訂閱(報紙、雜志等)；

簽字認(rèn)可，同意；向……捐贈subscribefor預(yù)定；認(rèn)購(2)subscriptionn．訂金；訂閱；簽署subscribern．訂戶；捐獻(xiàn)者IwouldliketosubscribetoaDictionary

of

American

Slang.我想訂一本《美國俚語詞典》。Wesubscribedtoafewjournals.我們訂了幾本雜志。Iwasunwillingtosubscribetothecontract,butitseemedthatIhadnochoice.我不愿意在合同上簽字，但我似乎別無選擇。4．suspectvt.

&.vi.

懷疑；疑有；不信任

n．犯罪嫌疑人(P2)Snowsuspectedthatthewaterpumpwastoblame.斯諾懷疑水泵是罪魁禍?zhǔn)住uspectvt.懷疑；認(rèn)為；n.犯罪嫌疑人；可疑對象suspectsb.tobe＋n./adj.懷疑某人……suspectsb.ofdoingsth.懷疑某人做了某事besuspiciousof/about...對……懷疑accusesb.ofsth.指控某人某事warnsb.ofsth.警告某人某事cheatsb.ofsth.欺騙某人某事informsb.ofsth.通知某人某事remindsb.ofsth.提醒某人某事robsb.ofsth.搶劫某人某事convincesb.ofsth.使某人相信某事(1)—Whathappenedtohim?—He__________________atthepartylastnight,andthepolicewerelookingintothematter.他被懷疑在昨天的聚會上偷了戒指，警察正在調(diào)查這個事件。(2)Ibeganto__________________me.我開始懷疑他邀請我的動機(jī)。suspecthismotivationininvitingwassuspectedofstealingthering5．blamevt.

責(zé)怪；指責(zé)；把……歸咎于

n.

指責(zé)；責(zé)備(P2)Snowsuspectedthatthewaterpumpwastoblame.斯諾懷疑水泵是罪魁禍?zhǔn)住?1)blamesb.for...因……而指責(zé)某人blamesth.onsb.把……歸咎于某人betoblameforsth.因某事指責(zé)某人(主動形式表被動意義)(2)take/beartheblame承擔(dān)責(zé)任put/placetheblameonsb.把責(zé)任推到某人身上ButIoftenhadcrazydreamsinwhichIwastoblameforMiller’saccident.但我經(jīng)常做瘋狂的夢，在這場事故中我應(yīng)該為Miller的事故負(fù)責(zé)。Lotsofpeoplefindithardtogetupinthemorning,andputtheblameonthealarmclock.很多人發(fā)現(xiàn)早上起床很難，就把責(zé)任推到鬧鐘上面。單句語法填空(1)Theythinktheblameshouldbeplaced__________theconductor.(2)Mrs.Greenstoodupindefenceofthe16-year-oldboy,sayingthathewasnottheone__________(blame)．toblameon6．handlen．把手；拉手；柄

vt.

處理；搬動；操縱(車輛、動物、工具等)(P2)Accordingly,hehadthehandleofthepumpremovedsothatitcouldnotbeused.因此，他把泵的把手拿下來，這樣它不能使用。thehandleofaknife刀柄turnthehandle轉(zhuǎn)動把手Herefusedtoallowedhissecretarytohandlesecretdocuments.他拒絕讓他的秘書處理機(jī)密文件。I’mafraidthisisn’ttheproperwaytohandlethecase.恐怕這不是處理此事的恰當(dāng)方法。Pressthebuttonandyoucaneasilyhandlethemachine.按下這個按鈕，你就可以輕松地操作機(jī)器了。完成句子(1)__________________andyouwillopenthesafe.轉(zhuǎn)動把手，你就能打開保險柜。(2)Thepilotknowshowto__________________.飛行員知道如何駕駛飛機(jī)。handleaplaneTurnthehandlelink...to/with把……與……連接；聯(lián)系belinkedwith把……與……聯(lián)系起來Fingerprintslinkedthesuspecttothecrime.指紋證實(shí)了犯罪嫌疑人的犯罪行為。Yellowislinkedwithconfidence,self-respectandfriendliness.黃色一般與自信、自尊和友好相關(guān)?！昂汀新?lián)系”的其他短語：beassociatedwith;beconnectedwith;berelatedto(1)He________closely__________inthepublicmind________horrormovies.在公眾心目中，他總是和恐怖電影緊密聯(lián)系在一起。(2)Therearemanyserioushealthproblemswhich__________________smoking.→Wealways__________manyserioushealthproblems__________smoking.有很多嚴(yán)重的健康問題與吸煙有關(guān)。islinkedwitharelinkedwithlinkwith/to(1)adecreasein...……的減少onthedecrease在減少(2)decrease(from...)to...(從……)減少到…(表示減少后的量)decreaseby...減少了……(表示減少的量)decreasein...在……方面減少Therehasbeensomedecreaseinimports.進(jìn)口有所減少。Thisspeciesofbirdisdecreasinginnumbereveryyear.這種鳥的數(shù)量每年都在減少。Theydecreasedthesizeofthegroupfrom25to15．他們把小組人數(shù)從25人減少到15人。(1)Thenumberofthestudentsineachclassis____thedecrease.(2)Thedecrease______saleswasalmost20percent.(3)Theproductionofwheathasdecreased________20%becauseofthedryweather.(4)Thelatestwarmperiodhascausedthenumberofglacierstodecrease________150in1850to26today.on

in

by

from9．thanksto幸虧；由于(P3)Fortunately,wenowknowhowtopreventcholera,thankstotheworkofJohnSnow.幸運(yùn)的是，多虧了約翰·斯諾的努力，我們現(xiàn)在知道了如何預(yù)防霍亂。

狀語表語定語說明thanksto√×ד多虧”，指好的方面owingto√√×可與dueto互換dueto√√√一般不放在句首becauseof√××著重某個結(jié)果的原因Thankstohisefforts,itismoresuccessfulthanwehaveexpected.由于他的努力，比我們預(yù)期的更成功。Theydecidedtolendhimthemoneyowingto/dueto/becauseofhisgoodreputation.由于他的好名聲，他們決定借錢給他。【針對練習(xí)】單句語法填空(1)Thanks____________thetimelyrain,thecropsweresaved.辨析填詞：thanksto/dueto/becauseof/owingto(2)Hewasoutofwork__________aphysicalinjury.(3)Mostoftheproblemswere________humanerror.dueto/owingtotodueto/owingto/becauseof10．transformvt.

使改觀；使改變形態(tài)

vi.

改變；轉(zhuǎn)變(P3)Moreover,inhisuseofmapsandstatistics,Snowtransformedthewayscientistsstudydiseases.此外，通過使用地圖和統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)，斯諾改變了科學(xué)家研究疾病的方式。(1)transform...into...把……變成……transform...from...to...把……從……變成……betransformedfrom...to...由…變成……；由……遷到……(2)transformationn．轉(zhuǎn)變；變化Inonly20yearsthecountryhasbeentransformedintoanadvancedindustrialpower.這個國家只用了20年時間就變成了一個先進(jìn)的工業(yè)強(qiáng)國。Themovietransformedheralmostovernightfromanunknownschoolgirlintoawell-knownstar.這部電影讓她幾乎一夜之間從一位不知名的女學(xué)生變成一個眾所周知的明星。【特別提醒】“把……變成……”的表達(dá)方式還有：(1)translate...into...把……變成……；把……翻譯成……(2)change/turn...into...把……變成……(3)divide...into...把……變成……；把……劃分成……h(huán)avebeentransformedintotransformationSENTENCES1．(P2)Itseemedthatthewomanlikedthewaterfromthepumpsomuchthatshehaditdeliveredtoherhouseeveryday.【翻譯】這個女人似乎非常喜歡水泵里的水，所以她每天都讓人把水送到家里來。本句是主從復(fù)合句。Itseemedthat...(看來……)，that引導(dǎo)主語從句，it是形式主語。另外這個句子里還有“so...that...”(如此……以至于……)和“havesth.done”(讓某事被做)這兩個結(jié)構(gòu)。本句是主從復(fù)合句。Itseemedthat...(看來……)，that引導(dǎo)主語從句，it是形式主語。另外這個句子里還有“so...that...”(如此……以至于……)和“havesth.done”(讓某事被做)這兩個結(jié)構(gòu)。(3)“have＋賓語＋賓語補(bǔ)足語”的用法有以下幾種：havesb./sth.doing讓某人做某事(動作具有持續(xù)、進(jìn)行含義)havesb.do讓某人做某事havesth.done讓/請別人做某事；遭受到Itturnedoutthatwewerewrong.結(jié)果證明我們錯了。Ithappenedthathewasoutthatday.碰巧他那天出去了。Hewassofoolishthatheaccept