現代大學英語第六冊paraphrase答案(整理版1,4,5,6,9,10,11)

Lesson1Howtogetthepooroffourconscience

1.Virtueis...self-centered.

Byrightaction,wemeanitmusthelppromotepersonalinterest.

2....(poverty)wasaproductoftheirexcessivefecundity...

Thepovertyofthepoorwascausedbytheirhavingtoomanychildren.

3....therichwerenotresponsibleforeitheritscreationoritsamelioration.

Therichwerenottoblamefortheexistenceofpovertysotheyshouldnotbeaskedto

undertakethetaskofsolvingtheproblem.

4.ItismerelytheworkingoutofalawofnatureandalawofGod.

Itisonlytheresultoreffectofthelawofthesurvivalofthefittestappliedtonatureofto

humansociety.

5.Itdeclinedinpopularity,andreferencestoitsacquiredacondemnatorytone.

PeoplebegantorejectSocialDarwinismbecauseitseemedtoglorifybrutalforceandoppose

treasuredvaluesofsympathy,loveandfriendship.Therefore,whenitwasmentioned,itwas

usuallythetargetofcriticism.

6....thesearchforawayofgettingthepooroffourconsciencewasnotatanend;itwas

onlysuspended.

Thedesiretofindawaytojustifytheunconcernforthepoorhadnotbeenabandoned,ithad

onlybeenputoff.

7....onlyrarelygiventooverpayingformonkeywrenches,flashlights,coffeemakers,and

toiletseats.

Governmentofficials,onthewhole,aregood,itisveryrarethatsomewouldpayhighprices

forofficeequipmenttogetkickbacks.

8.Thisisperhapsourmosthighlyinfluentialpieceoffiction.

Itisaverypopularstoryandhasbeenacceptedbymanybutitisnottrue.

9.Beliefcanbetheservantoftruth---butevenmoreofconvenience.

Beliefcanbeusefulinthesearchfortruth,butmoreoftenthannotitisacceptedbecauseitis

convenientandself-serving.

10.GeorgeGilder...Whotellstoo…thecruelspuroftheirownsufferingtoensureeffort...

GeorgeGilderadvancestheviewthatonlywhenthepoorsufferfromgreatmiserywilltheybe

stimulatedtomakegreateffortstochangethesituation,inotherwords,sufferingisnecessary

toforcethepoortoworkhard.

Lesson4nettles

1.Howallmyownterritorywouldbealtered,adifalandslidehadgonethroughitand

skimmedoffallmeaningexceptlossofMike.

TheimpactofMike'sleavingonmylifewasbeyondmyimagination.Ididn'texpectthat

Mike'sleavingwouldhavesuchatremendouspowerthatitwouldchangethemeaningofmy

existencecompletely.AllmythoughtswereaboutlossofMike.

2.Duringthattimeoflifethatissupposedtobeareproductivedaze,withthewoman's

mindallswampedbymaternaljuices,wewerestillcompelledtodiscussSimonede

BeauvoirandArthurKoestlerand"TheCocktailParty".

Atthattime,wewereyoungmothers,andweweresupposedtoleadaterriblybusylifefullof

confusionandbewildermentcausedbygivingbirthtoandraisingbabies.Andourmindswere

supposedtobefullyoccupiedbyhowtofeedthebabiesandthingslikethat.However,inthe

midstofallthiswestillfelttheneedtodiscusssomeoftheimportantthinkersofourtimelike

SimonedeBeauvoirandArthurKoestlerandT.S.Eliot'ssophisticatedwork"TheCocktail

Party".

3....Iwouldbefrightened,notofanyhostilitybutofakindofnonexistence.

Iwouldbefrightened,andmyfearwasnotcausedbymyneighbor'svisiblyhostileandviolent

wayoflife,butbyakindofformlessandhiddenemptinessandmeaninglessnessofhuman

existence.Whathappenedaroundmewastotallyirrelevanttome,andIfeltveryisolatedand

alienated.

4.Shedidnotaskme---wasitdelicacyordisapproval?---aboutmynewlife.

Shedidnotaskmeaboutmynewlife,eitheroutofsubtleconsiderationformyfeelingabout

thissensitivesubjectoroutofdisapprovalformynewlifestyle.

5.Itwouldbeasleazythingtodo,inthehouseofhisfriends.

Itwouldbeamorallylowthing,anindecentthingtocommitinfidelityinthehouseofafriend.

6.Iknewnowthathewasapersonwhohadhitrockbottom.

Iknewthathewasapersonwhohadexperiencedtheworstinlife,thehardestexperiencea

personmighthavetoendure.

7.Heandwifeknewthattogetheranditboundthem,assomethinglikethatwouldeither

breakyouapartorbindyou,forlife.

Theyexperiencedtheworsttogetherandtheyknewwhatitwaslikeandunderstoodthe

meaningofthatexperience.Suchanexperienceposedthegravesttesttopeople.Iftheystood

thetest,theirfriendshipormarriagewouldbestrengthened,andasacredbondagewouldbe

formedbetweenthem.butiftheyfailedthetest,theirrelationshipwouldbebrokenandthey

wouldflowongentlyand

8.Notriskingathingyetstayingaliveasasweettrickle,anundergroundresource.With

theweightofthisnowstillnessonit,thisseal.

Iftheyactedonlove,theywouldtakerisks.Theywouldn'tdothatorgofurtherintheir

relationship,buttheywouldratherlettheirloveremainasasweettrickle,whichwouldflow

ongentlyand...

Lesson5TheOneAgainsttheMany

1.....thenationalrejectionofdogmaticpreconceptionsaboutthenatureofthesocialand

economicorder

Therearesuchprejudicesinanarrogantmanneraboutthecharacteristicofthesocialorderand

economicorderandtheytakeitforgranted.Thecountryjustrejectedsuchprejudice.

2.NorcanonesuggestthatAmericanshavebeenconsistentlyvulnerabilitytosecular

ideologyeverafter

NoonecansaythatAmericanshaveneverbeentemptedbytheapproachofunderstanding,

preservingortransformingtheworldaccordingtorigiddogmas.

3.andanyintellectsoshapedwas...everafter

AmindinfluencedbyCalvinisttheologywouldsurelyfinditsomewhatdifficulttoresistother

ideologicaltemptationstoideologicalthinking.

4.Pragmatismisnomorewhollydevoid...experience

Pragmatismisnotcompletelyfreefromabstractideasjustasideologyisnotcompletelyfree

fromexperience,thatistosay,abstractideashaveaplaceinpragmatismjustasexperiencehas

aroleinideology.

5.Asanideologist,however,Jefferson....historicalcuriosity

Asamanfollowingafixedsetofbeliefs,Jeffersonisonlyaninterestinghistoricalfigure.His

beliefsareoutofdateandareirrelevanttopresent-dayreality.

6....whosecentraldogmaisconfidedtothecustodyofaninfalliblepriesthood

Theircentralbeliefsareimprisonedbythewholebodyofpriestswhoarealwayseffective.

1....wherefreemenmayfindpartialtruths,butwhere...onAbsoluteTruth

Inthisuniverseapersonwhosemindisunconstrainedmaybeabletodiscoverrelationtruths

butnomanonearthcanclaimthathehasalreadygraspedtheoneandonlytruth.

2.Butideologyisadrug;nomatterhow...itstillpersists.

Ideologyhasthecharacteristicofanarcotic.Inspiteofthefactthatithasbeenprovedwrong

manytimesbyexperience,peoplestilllongtocommitthemselvestoideology.

3....theonlycertaintyinan.....abuse

Theonlythingthatissureofadespoticsystemistheunrestrictedexerciseofpower.

10.Thedistinctivehumantriumph...liesinthecapacitytounderstandthefrailtyofhuman

striving...nonetheless

Themostoutstandingachievementofhumanityistheyknowthatnomatterhowhardtheytry,

theycannotachieveAbsolutetruth,yettheycontinuetomakegreateffortsandrefusetogive

up.

Lesson6Deathofapig

1.Itisatragedyenactedonmostfarmswith...Themurder,beingpremeditated,isinthe

firstdegree...andthesmokedbaconandhamprovide...questioned

Thetragedyhasanending---thekillingofapigandtheservingofitsmeat.Thekilling

deliberatelyplannedandcarriedoutefficiently,isthemosttypeofmurder.However,whether

pigsshouldendtheirlivesthatwayhasneverbeenquestioned.

2.Apigcouldn'taskforanythingbetterornonehas,atanyrate

Apigcouldnotaskforanybetterlivingconditions;atleastnopighasevercomplained.Ina

word,mypiglivedinapleasantenvironment

3.Youcouldseehimdownthereatallhours,hiswhitefaceparting...hisstethoscope

dangling...andgrinninghiscorrosivegrin

Fredwasquiteexcitedabouttheevent.Hewasdownatthepigpenallthetime.Becauseofhis

swollenjoints,hemovedaboutunsteadily.Hisfacesetapartthegrassalongthefenceashe

movedabout.Hewaslikeadoctor,withhislong,droopingearsdanglinglikeastethoscope,

andhescrabbledonthegroundasifhewereprescribingsomemedicine.

4.Whentheenemabagappeared,andthebucketofwarmsuds,hishappiness...fullcharge

oftheirrigation

Whenitwastimetodosethepig,Fredbecameevenmoreexcited,andhemanagedtoget

throughthefence,andactedasifhewastakingchargeofthemedicaltreatment.

5....andtheprematureexpirationofapigis...asorrowinwhichitfeelsfullyinvolved

Ifapigdiesbeforeheissupposedto,itisaseriousmatterforthewholecommunityto

remember.Thewholecommunitywouldsharethesadnessforhisdeath.

6.Ihavewrittenthisaccountinpenitenceandingrief,asamanwho...andtoexplain

my...somanyraisedpigs

ThepurposeofthisessayistoshowthatIamsorryforwhathashappenedtomypig,sinceI

havefailedtoraisethepigandcannotprovideareasonwhymypigcoulddidn'tgrowtheway

otherpigshavegrown.

7.Thegraveinthewoodsisunmarked,but...andIknowheandI...onflagless…own

choosing

Thepig'sgraveinthewoodsdoesn'thaveatombstone,butwheneversomebodywantstovisit

it,Fredwillshowhimtheway.Iknowwewilloftenvisitit,separateortogether,whenwe

needtoponderoverproblemsorwhenwearedepressed.

Lesson9TheBluestEye

1.Perhapsbecausetheydon’thavehometowns……anditneverleavesthem.

Thisisperhapsbecausetheyonlyhaveplacesofbirth,butnoplaceswheretherefeelathome

andwhichtheyidentifythemselveswith.Butthesegirlsarestronglyinfluencedbytheir

hometowns,andtheinfluencestayswiththemforevereventheyleavetheirhometowns.

2.Whereveriterupts,thisFunk,theywipeitaway…theyfinditandfightituntilitdies.

Thebrowngirlstryhardtorepresstheiremotionsandpassions.However,thesenatural

humanemotionscannotbewipedouttotally.Sometimestheywillemergeandburstout.And

theywilldevelop,becomestrongerandstaywiththem.SowheneverandwhereverthisFunk

burstsout,thebrowngirlswilldotheirbesttostifleit.

3.Aslongashisneedswerephysical,shecouldmeetthem—comfortandsatiety.

Iftheseneedswerephysical,shecouldmeetthem.Shecouldmakehimcomfortableandgive

himenoughorevenmorethanenoughtosatisfyhisphysicalneeds.

4.Shehadseenthislittlegirlallofherlife.

GeraldinehadseenblackgirlslikePecolaatmanyplacesandmanytimesinthepast.

5.Eyesthatquestionednothingandaskedeverything.

Ontheonehand,they(girlslikePecola)wereignorantanduncomprehending.Theydidnot

askthequestionthatwhytheirlivesweresomiserable.Ontheotherhand,astheywere

poverty-strickenandpracticallyhadnothing,theireyesrevealedtheirdesireforanythingthat

couldmaketheirliveseasier.

6.Theendoftheworldlayintheireyes,andthebeginning,andallthewasteinbetween.

Intheeyesofthesegirlsonecanseethattheywereindespair,withoutanyhopeforthefuture,

andthattheirlifewasnothingbutawaste.

7.Thegirlsgrewupknowingnothingofgirdles……thebillsoftheircapsbackward.

Asthegirlsweregrowingintoyoungwomen,theyhadneverworngirdlestomaketheir

figurelookslimmer,andthusmoreelegant;andwhentheboysgrewup,theyjustbeganto

weartheircapswiththebillsturnedbackwardtoindicatethattheyhadbecomeadults.

Lesson10NotesontheEnglishCharacter

1.SaintGeorgemaycaperonbannersand……whodeliversthegoods.

AsSaintGeorgeisahero,thepersonofarms,symbolizingchivalry,hisimage

oftenappearsonbanners,andhisnameisoftenmentionedinthespeechesof

politicians.SaintGeorgeisusedasasymbolicfigureforpoliticalpurposes.But

JohnBullisatradesmanandhedeliversthegoodsweneedinourdailylifewhile

makingmoneyatthesametime.

2.Withitsboarding-houses,itscompulsorygames……allproportiontoits

numbers.

TheEnglishpublicschoolshaveuniquefeatures.First,allboysliveinboarding

houses.Second,sportsandgamesareorganizedandcompulsoryaspartofthe

schoolcurricular.Third,olderstudentshavespecialdutiestohelpcontrolyounger

studentswhilethelattermustdojobsfortheformer.Lastly,greatemphasisis

placedongoodformandteamspirit.Thesefeaturesenablethepublicschool

studentstohavedisproportionatelygreatinfluence.

3.Notetheword“bankrupt”……anxioustomeetanyliabilities.

Payattentiontomyuseoftheword“bankrupt”,awordrelatedtobusiness.This

revealsmyidentityasamemberofthecommercialnation,whowouldbecareful

andsensibleenoughtoavoidanyrisksoffailingtopaytheirdebts.

4.ButmyfriendspokeasanOriental……butofkinglymunificenceand

splendor.

ButmyfriendexpressedhisviewsasamemberoftheOrientalcountries.They

arenourishedbyatraditionofgreatgenerosityandrichness,whichisdifferent

fromtheEnglishtraditionofmiddle-classprudence.

5.Trueloveinthisdiffersfromgoldandclay……nottotakeaway.

Inthisaspect,trueloveisdifferentfrommaterialthingssuchasclayorevengold

whichcanbedividedandtakenaway.Yet,ifwesharetruelove,itwillnever

diminish.

6.Iwillnowdescendfromthatdizzy……mybusinessofnotetaking.

Intheaboveanecdote,IhavebecomeanexampleoftheEnglishmanforthe

moment.Thatputmeninahighpositionwhichmakesmedizzyanditsunfamiliar

tome.Iwillnowcomedownfromthatheightandreturntomyroleasyour

commentatoronthecharacteristicsoftheEnglishman.

7.Suchacombinationisfruitful,andanyonewhopossessesithadgonealong

waytowardbeingbrave.

TheEnglishman’snervoussystemactspromptlyandfeelsslowly.The

combinationofthetwoqualitiesisuseful,andanyonewhohasthiscombinationis

mostlikelytobebrave.

8.Sinceliteraturerestsonnationalcharacter……h(huán)iddenspirits…wesee.

Asliteratureisbasedonnationalcharacter,theremustbeintheEnglishnature

hiddenresourcesofpassionthathaveproducedthegreatromanticliteraturewe

see.

9.“Oh,I’musedtoBernardShaw;monkeytricksdon’thurtme.

ThatkindofcriticismisjustlikeBernardShaw’sattacks.Itisnothingnewand

I’musedtothesetricksandjokes;theywon’tdoanyharmtome.

10.Andthe“toleranthumorousattitude”...boundedbythetitterandtheguffaw.

TheEnglishmenthinktheyhaveatolerantandhumorousattitudetowardcriticism.

Infactitisnotso,becausetheirattitudeislimitedbyuncomfortablelaughter,

whichindicatesthatbeneaththesurfaceoftheirtoleranthumorousattitude,they

areuneasy.Whentheytrytobehumorousandbrushasidecriticism,theywould

titterandguffaw.Suchuncomfortablelaughterisasignofuneasiness.

11.Thecatsarealloutoftheirbags,anddiplomacycannotrecallthem.

Ihavealreadymadeallmyopinionsknowntoyou.Whatissaidissaid,andbeing

diplomaticcannotunsaywhathasbeensaid.

Lesson11Beauty

1.Thefestivalofmarriagehas……canseetheirglory.

Inweddingceremony,timeseemstogoslowlysoeverybody,evenafool,could

observethingsclearlyandseehowwonderfultheyare.

2.SoIcanmakeupmydarling……inhergirlhood.

Mydaughtermayfeelshehasmissedsomethingwhenshewasyoung.Ifso,I

wishIcouldmakecompensationtohernow,beforesheismarried.

3.Theglowofhappinesshastocool……crystal