Unit1+Developing+ideas高中英語(yǔ)外研版（2019）必修第三冊(cè)

新外研社高中英語(yǔ)必修三

Unit1Knowingme,knowingyou

DevelopingideasLeadinLookatthepictures.WhatwouldyousayifyouwerestudentB?DoesStudentBwishtotellhisrealmarktoStudentA?Myanswermaybe:B:Oh,sorrytohearthat.ButIdidnobetterthanyou.B:Comeon.Actuallyyoudidwell.Ididworsethanyou.B:Well,Ididjustso-so.Pre-readingLearningtolearn(P10)

Anessayusuallyconsistsofthreeparts:introduction,mainbodyandconclusion.Westartwithanintroductionanditcontainstheaimsandoverviewsoftheessay.Themainbodyisaseriesofparagraphsthatexploreanddevelopyourargument.Theconclusioncontainsasummaryofyourideas---donotintroduceanynewmaterialhere!Endyouressaybylinkingyourconclusionbacktotheessaytitle.AnessayMainbody:

Introduction:

theaimandanoverviewConclusion:

asummaryofyourideasexploreanddevelopargumentWhile-readingMatchtheparagraphswitheachpart.Para.1-2Para.3-7Para.8While-readingReadpara.1to2andanswerthequestions.IntroductionWhichsentencedoesthewriterusetointroducethetopic?Whatdopeoplenormallythinkoflies?Whatarewhitelies?

Scottishnovelist,poet,historian,andbiographerwhoisoftenconsideredboththeinventorandthegreatestpractitionerofthehistoricalnovel.WalterScott

Oh,whatatangledwebweweave,Whenfirstwepracticetodeceive!tangledwebdeceive!

cheatcomplicatedsituation,inwhichoncewetellalie,wehavetocontinuetotellmoreotherliesinordertocoverthepreviousones.

Honestyisanimportantvalueandlyingiswrong,butwhocanhonestlysaythatthey’venevertoldalie?Perhapswecomfortourselveswiththeknowledgethatmostofthelieswetellare“whitelies”.Whiteliesarelittleliesthatwetelltoprotectothersfromthetruth.Weknowlyingiswrong,sowhydowetellwhitelies?While-readingMainbodyReadpara.3to7andandcompletethechart.Reason1

Whydowetellwhitelies?Tomakeothers_______________.Someone’scooking______________________________________________________________________Someone’shaircutPerhapswelietoprotectourselves_________________________________________MainbodyfeelbetterExample(s)

amealforusthatwedon’tlike.Themajorityofusdon’ttellthetruth---welieandsaythatthefoodisdelicious.isawful,butwesay“it’sgreat.”Analysis

fromthedisappointmentorangerfromothers.Reason2

Whydowetellwhitelies?___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Perhapsyourfriendwants________________________________________________________________MainbodyExample(s)

Yousayyourfriend’ssingingiswonderful,despitesecretlythinkingthatyourcatcansingbetter.Analysis

somefrankcommentsTogiveencouragement.Perhapstheyneedtoknow___________________________________________fromyousothattheycanimprove.thattheyshouldlookforadifferenthobby.Reason3

Whydowetellwhitelies?___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Perhapsyourparents______________________________________________________MainbodyExample(s)

You’vehadabadday,butyouhideyourtearsandlietoyourparentsthatyourdaywas“fine”.Analysis

wouldwanttolistentoyouToprotectothersfrombadnews.andunderstandyourfeelings.While-readingConclusionReadpara8andanswerthequestions.Whatistheconclusionthewritercomestoinpara8?Whichexamplesareusedinthelastparagraph?conclusionexamplesEvenwhiteliesmayhaveresultswecannotpredict.Soweshouldnottelllieseveniftheyarewhitelies.Honestyisanimportantvalueandlyingiswrong.Whyweshouldn’ttelllies,eveniftheyarewhitelies?Conclusion1.Whycanwetellawhitelie?①Tomakeothersfeelbetter②Nottoletothersknowsomethingbad③Togivecouragetoothers④ToavoidtroubleA.①②④ B.①③④C.①②③ D.②③④Post-readingReadingcomprehensionAccordingtothepassage,whenwesayourfriend’shaircutiswonderful,infactwemaywantto_______________.Aprotectourselvesfromthedisappointmentandangerofothers.Bimprovethesituationforothers.Cmakeourfriendhappy.DKeepourfriendship.Whatdoestheauthorthinkoftheresultsofthewhitelie?A.Wonderful.B.Awful.C.Thoughtful.D.Notalwayssatisfactory.ThinkandShareWhatdoyouthinkisthedifferencebetweenalieandawhitelie?Alieistoldtocoverthetruthinordertobenefityourself,whichcanbeharmfultoothers.Awhitelieistoldtoavoidhurtingothers,withoutbadintention.Howwouldyoufeelifyouweretoldawhitelie?Tobehonest,Iwillfeelalittlesadfornotbeingtoldthetruth.ButIcanunderstandothers’goodintentionandshowthankstothem.ThinkandShareWritingananimalcoveredwithlongstiffpartslikeneedles(針),whichitcanraisetoprotectitselfwhenitisattacked豪豬；箭豬Afableisastorywhichteachesamoral(道德的)lesson.Fablessometimeshaveanimalsasthemaincharacters.

寓言Fableadifficultsituationinwhichyouhavetochoosebetweentwoormorealternatives（進(jìn)退兩難的）窘境，困境—Thisfabledescribes…—Thefableteachesusthat...—Oneexampleofthisfromreallifeis...—Inconclusion,...

Finishtheessaywiththeexpressionslisted.LanguagepointsWrittenmorethantwohundredyearsago,theselinesbyWalterScottremainoneofthemostwell-knownexcerptsofScottishpoetry:◆remainvt.仍然；剩下；停留

◆remainingadj.剩下的，留下的

Translation兩百多年前，沃爾特·司各特寫(xiě)下的這幾行文字，如今依然是蘇格蘭詩(shī)歌中最廣為傳誦的詩(shī)句之一：過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)Oh,whatatangledwebweweave,

Whenfirstwepractisetodeceive!Translation啊，謊言一旦開(kāi)始，我們須得織就一張錯(cuò)綜復(fù)雜的網(wǎng)！adj.糾結(jié)的；復(fù)雜的v.編，織v.欺騙Perhapswecomfortourselveswiththeknowledgethatmostofthelies

wetellare“whitelies”:littleliesthatwetelltoprotectothersfromthetruth.Translation也許我們會(huì)這樣來(lái)安慰自己：我們所說(shuō)的大部分謊言都是“善意的謊言”——我們?yōu)榱吮Ｗo(hù)他人免受真相傷害的小謊言。同位語(yǔ)從句定從定從that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，說(shuō)明前面抽象名詞

knowledge的內(nèi)容。同位語(yǔ)從句多用來(lái)補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明前面某個(gè)抽象名詞的具體內(nèi)容。常見(jiàn)的抽象名詞有:

fact,evidence,proof,doubt,

belief,

idea,

hope,

question,problem,

suggestion,advice,information,news,promise,view等。that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，不翻譯，不省略，不作任何成分。Hisadvice

that

theworkshouldbepostponedtonextweekasaresultoflackoftoolsisacceptable.

他的建議--由于缺乏工具將工作推遲到下周的建議，被接受了。Thefact

that

theearthisbecomingwarmerandwarmertheseyearshasworriedmanyscientists.

地球這些年以來(lái)變得越來(lái)越熱的事實(shí)使很多科學(xué)家都很擔(dān)心。Examples含義原形過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞現(xiàn)在分詞躺，位于lielaylainlying撒謊lieliedliedlying放置，下蛋l(fā)aylaidlaidlaying規(guī)則的撒謊(lie-lied-lied)，不規(guī)則的躺躺過(guò)(lay)就下蛋（放置）,下過(guò)蛋是累的Themajorityofusofcoursedon’ttellthetruth—welieandsaythatthefoodis“delicious”.◆majorityn.多數(shù)，大多數(shù)（人或物）the?majority?of+集體名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)。a?majority?of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞，“許多”，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。minorityn.少數(shù)，少數(shù)民族a/theminorityof少數(shù)◆major

adj.主要的;重要的v.主修n.主修課程；專(zhuān)業(yè)課；主修學(xué)生majorin主修Orifafriendasksuswhatwethinkoftheirnewhaircut,wesay“It’sgreat!”,evenifwethinkit’sawful.adj.可怕的Buttowhatextentcanwejustifytellingwhitelieslikethese?在多大程度上◆justifyv.證明（別人認(rèn)為不合理的事）有道理；

為...辯護(hù)

justifydoingsth.證明做某事有道理justifysth./oneselftosb.向某人解釋?zhuān)粸槟橙宿q護(hù)◆justadj.公正的，正義的，合理的

adv.總是，正好；恰好；僅僅

◆justicen.公平，公正n.程度，范圍tosomeextentOneofthemainreasonsfortellingawhitelieistotrytomakeothersfeelbetter.make+賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)Perhapsweareinfactlyingtoprotectourselvesfromthedisappointmentandangerofothers.protect/keep/prevent/stop...fromdoingsth.Stopforamomentandconsiderthatperhapsyourfriendwantssomefrank

commentsfromyousothattheycanimprove.◆frankadj.坦率的，坦誠(chéng)的

befrankwithsb.對(duì)某人坦誠(chéng)相告befrankaboutsth.對(duì)某事直言不諱tobefrank=frankly坦白說(shuō)，坦率地說(shuō)(tobehonest=honestly)franklyspeaking坦率地說(shuō)(honestlyspeaking/generallyspeaking)Ifyou’vehadabadday,doyoutellyourparentsaboutit,ordoyouhideyourtearsandliethatyourdaywas“fine”?◆tearn.眼淚，淚水burstintotears/laughter突然大哭/笑起來(lái)◆tear

v.撕裂，扯破teardown拆除，拆掉tearup

撕毀，撕碎(文件等)tearapart撕毀，撕碎(分成一部分，整齊的分開(kāi))Wouldn’titbebettertorespecttheirconcernforyouandaskfortheiradvice?it作形式主語(yǔ)征求某人的意見(jiàn)it作形式主語(yǔ)的6大句型?it作形式主語(yǔ)的6大句型It

+

be

+

adj.

+

(of/forsb.)

todosth.It

+

benouse/useless

+

doingsth.It

+

be

+形容詞+that

從句

(形容詞：possible/strange/important...)It

+

be

+過(guò)去分詞+that

從句(said/thought/believed/supposed/reported...)It

+不及物動(dòng)詞(seem/occur/happen...)+that從句It

+

be

+名詞短語(yǔ)+that從句

(名詞短語(yǔ)：apity/afact/awonder/an

honour/anidea/nowonder...)ExamplesItisnecessaryforcollegestudentstomasteratleastaforeignlanguage.Itisnouse/useless

waitinghere.Itisreportedthat16peoplewerekilledin

theearthquake.Itoccurredtome

thatIlostmywalletinhiscar.我突然想到我把錢(qián)丟他車(chē)上了。It'sstrangethathe

fail

inthedrivingtest.Itisapitythathefailsinthecompetition.在句型“It

+

be

+形容詞+that

從句”中，從句常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為“should+動(dòng)詞原形”，should可以省略。GoingbacktoWalterScott’slines,wemayfindevenwhitelieshaveresults