廣東省汕尾市2020-2021學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期末考試英語(yǔ)試題

汕尾市2020—2021學(xué)年度第二學(xué)期全市高中二年級(jí)教學(xué)質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè)英語(yǔ)注意事項(xiàng):1.答題前，考生先將自己的信息填寫(xiě)清楚、準(zhǔn)確，將條形碼準(zhǔn)確粘貼在條形碼粘貼處。2.請(qǐng)按照題號(hào)順序在答題卡各題目的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書(shū)寫(xiě)的答案無(wú)效。3.答題時(shí)請(qǐng)按要求用筆，保持卡面清潔，不要折疊，不要弄破、弄皺，不得使用涂改液、修正帶、刮紙刀。考試結(jié)束后，請(qǐng)將本試題及答題卡交回。第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題分，滿分分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AVolunteerAbroadProjectsVolunteeringSolutionsoffersincredibleandmeaningfulvolunteerprogramsindifferentcountries,whereyoucanplayanactiveroleinbuildinghouses,schools,munityclubsandmore.Theseprogramswouldbeaperfectchoiceforgapyeartravelersaswellascollegestudentgroups,whowishtotraveltogetherandbinetheireffortsinmakingadifferencebygettinginvolvedinvoluntarywork.Notonlywillyouhelpthehostmunities,butyou'llalsogettolearnalotandgainfirsthandworkexperiencethat'llboostyourcareerinthefuture.UrbanGardeningRioDeJaneiroImunityDevelopment1.Assistinmunitygardeningintheruralarea2.Keepthelocalresidentsawayfromlownutritionprocessedfood3.Work8hoursaday,4timesaweekmunityDevelopmentProjectTamale|munityDevelopment1.Workinvillagemunitieslocated1520kmoutsidethecityofTamale2.Organizehealthawarenessprogramsforschoolchildren3.WorkonweekdaysThailand—1WeekSpecialSurinIOneWeekVolunteerAbroad1.VolunteerfortheruralmunitiesinSurin2.Helpindaycarecenters3.ExplorethecharmofBangkokwithalocalguide1.Wherecanyoutakepartin“UrbanGardening”?A.Surin. B.Tamale.C.RioDeJaneiro. D.Bangkok.2.Whatcanyoudoat“munityDevelopmentProject”?A.Grownutritiousfood. B.WorkinthecityofTamale.C.Takecareofpreschoolers. D.Organizeeducationalprograms.3.Whatisspecialabout“Thailand—1WeekSpecial”?A.Ittargetsatschoolchildren. B.ItprovidesaguidedtourtoBangkok.C.Itoffershelptoruralresidents. D.Itonlyreceivescollegestudentgroups.【答案】1.C2.D3.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了三個(gè)項(xiàng)目的名稱、時(shí)長(zhǎng)、年齡條件和工作內(nèi)容等，分三個(gè)表格展示廣告內(nèi)容，直觀易懂?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由UrbanGardening中的“RioDeJaneiroImunity(RioDeJaneiroI社區(qū))”可知，在RioDeJaneiro可以參加UrbanGardening。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由munityDevelopmentProject中的“2.Organizehealthawarenessprogramsforschoolchildren(2.為學(xué)童組織健康意識(shí)活動(dòng))”可知，在munityDevelopmentProject可以組織教育項(xiàng)目。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由Thailand—1WeekSpecial中的“3.ExplorethecharmofBangkokwith

a

localguide(3.與當(dāng)?shù)貙?dǎo)游一起探索曼谷的魅力)”和結(jié)合前面兩個(gè)項(xiàng)目的特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行比較，可知它提供到曼谷的導(dǎo)游是這個(gè)項(xiàng)目特點(diǎn)。故選B項(xiàng)。BRockandpophitmakerJimSteinman,whowroteandposedmusicforMeatLoaf,BonnieTyler,CelineDion,andmore,diedMondayinDanbury,Connecticut.Hewas73.Steinman'sbrotherBillconfirmedthatthecauseofdeathwaskidney(腎)failure.AstatementpostedonSteinman'sFacebookpageread,“It'swithaheavyheartthatIcanconfirmJim'spassing.Therewillbemuchmoretosayintheinghoursanddaysaswepreparetohonorthisgiantofahumanbeingandhisgloriouslegacy.”Steinman'swhollyuniquecareerfoundhimworkingasaposer,lyricist,andproducerformanyartistsinavarietyofstyles.Accordingtoabiographyonhiswebsite,therecordshe'sworkedonhavesoldmorethan190millioncopiesworldwide.Hewasnominated(提名)forfourGrammys,andwonAlbumoftheYearforhisworkonDion's1996smash,FallingIntoYou.Steinmanbeganhiscareerinamusicaltheaterwhileincollege,writingandstarringinarockmusicalcalledTheDreamEngine,whichgainedtheattentionofNewYorktheatricalproducerJoePapp.Aftergraduating,SteinmanworkedatthePublicTheater(whichwasestablishedbyPapp).In1973,YvonneEllimanrecordedSteinman'ssong“HappyEnding”,whichbecameSteinman'sfirstmerciallyreleasedtune.Thatsameyear,thePublicTheaterstagedhismusicalMoreThanYouDeserve.OneoftheactorswhoauditionedforMoreThanYouDeservewasMeatLoaf,andheandSteinmansoonstruckupaclosepersonalandprofessionalrelationship.ThetwobeganworkingonMeatLoaf'ssoloalbum,BatOutofHell,intheearly70s,butitwouldn'tbereleaseduntil1977.Itwasn'tuntilaboutoneyearlater—afterMeatLoafperformedonSaturdayNightLive—thatthealbumbecameahit.“Thereisnoothersongwritereverlikehim,”MeatLoafsaid.“Icanneverrepayhim.Hehasbeensuchaninfluence,infact,thebiggestinfluenceonmylife,andIlearnedsomuchfromhimthattherewouldbenowayIcouldeverrepayMr.JimSteinman.”4.WhatcausedJimSteinman'sdeath?A.Ahitonthehead. B.Akidneyproblem.C.Afailedoperation. D.Alackofbloodsupply.5.Whatisthecorrectorderofthefollowingevents?a.MeatLoafperformedonSaturdayNightLive.b.JimreleasedhisfirstmercialtuneHappyEnding.c.JimandMeatLoafreleasedthealbumBatOutofHell.d.JimstarredinarockmusicalcalledTheDreamEngine.e.Jim'smusicalMoreThanYouDeservewasputonshow.f.JimwonAlbumoftheYearforhisworkonFallingIntoYou.A.dbecaf B.dbcfaeC.fdcaeb D.fbceda6.WhywasJimSteinmanimportanttoMeatLoaf?A.BecauseJimwasanextraordinarysongwriter.B.BecauseJimallowedhimnottorepayhisdebt.C.BecauseJimwasinfluentialinthemusicindustry.D.BecauseJimgavehimfriendshipandcareersupport.7.WhatdowelearnaboutJimSteinman?A.Hemainlyfocusedhiscareeronactinginmusicals.B.Heisawellknownandwidelyrespectedmusician.C.HisclosestfriendswereBill,PappandMeatLoaf.D.HewonfourGrammysinthecourseofhiscareer.【答案】4.B5.A6.D7.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要講述音樂(lè)人JimSteinman病逝，并介紹其事業(yè)軌跡和對(duì)音樂(lè)界的重要影響?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段中“Steinman'sbrotherBillconfirmedthatthecauseofdeathwaskidney(腎)failure.(Steinman的哥哥Bill證實(shí)JimSteinman死因是腎衰竭)”可知，JimSteinman死于腎臟問(wèn)題。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第四段中的“Steinmanbeganhiscareerinamusicaltheaterwhileincollege,writingandstarringinarockmusicalcalledTheDreamEngine,whichgainedtheattentionofNewYorktheatricalproducerJoePapp.(Steinman在大學(xué)期間開(kāi)始了他在音樂(lè)劇的職業(yè)生涯，創(chuàng)作并主演了一部名為《夢(mèng)想引擎》的搖滾音樂(lè)劇，這部音樂(lè)劇引起了紐約戲劇制作人JoePapp的注意)”，第四段中的“In1973,YvonneEllimanrecordedSteinman'ssong“HappyEnding”,whichbecameSteinman'sfirstmerciallyreleasedtune.(1973年，YvonneElliman錄制了Steinman的歌曲《大團(tuán)圓結(jié)局》，成為Steinman第一首商業(yè)發(fā)行的曲子)”，第四段中的“Thatsameyear,thePublicTheaterstagedhismusicalMoreThanYouDeserve.Thatsameyear,thePublicTheaterstagedhismusicalMoreThanYouDeserve.(同年，公共劇院上演了他的音樂(lè)劇《比你應(yīng)得的多》)”，第五段中的“ThetwobeganworkingonMeatLoaf'ssoloalbum,BatOutofHell,intheearly70s,butitwouldn'tbereleaseduntil1977.Itwasn'tuntilaboutoneyearlater—afterMeatLoafperformedonSaturdayNightLive—thatthealbumbecameahit.(兩人在70年代初開(kāi)始創(chuàng)作MeatLoaf的個(gè)人專輯《地獄蝙蝠》，但直到1977年才發(fā)行。直到大約一年后，在MeatLoaf表演《周六夜現(xiàn)場(chǎng)》后，這張專輯才大受歡迎)”和第三段中的“Hewasnominated(提名)forfourGrammys,andwonAlbumoftheYearforhisworkonDion's1996smash,FallingIntoYou.(他曾四次獲得格萊美獎(jiǎng)提名，并憑借1996年迪翁的《墜入愛(ài)河》獲得年度最佳專輯獎(jiǎng))”可知，正確順序是d.他主演了一部搖滾音樂(lè)劇《夢(mèng)想引擎》，b.他發(fā)行了他的第一首商業(yè)歌曲《大團(tuán)圓結(jié)局》，e.音樂(lè)劇《比你應(yīng)得的多》上映了，c.他和MeatLoaf發(fā)行了專輯《地獄蝙蝠》，a.MeatLoaf表演《周六夜現(xiàn)場(chǎng)》，f.他因《墜入你的懷抱》獲得年度最佳專輯獎(jiǎng)，dbecaf正確。故選A項(xiàng)。【6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第五段“OneoftheactorswhoauditionedforMoreThanYouDeservewasMeatLoaf,andheandSteinmansoonstruckupaclosepersonalandprofessionalrelationship.ThetwobeganworkingonMeatLoaf'ssoloalbum,BatOutofHell,intheearly70s,butitwouldn'tbereleaseduntil1977.Itwasn'tuntilaboutoneyearlater—afterMeatLoafperformedonSaturdayNightLive—thatthealbumbecameahit.(《比你應(yīng)得的多》試鏡的演員之一是MeatLoaf，他和Steinman很快建立了密切的個(gè)人和職業(yè)聯(lián)系。兩人在70年代初開(kāi)始創(chuàng)作MeatLoaf的個(gè)人專輯《地獄蝙蝠》，但直到1977年才發(fā)行。直到大約一年后，在MeatLoaf表演《周六夜現(xiàn)場(chǎng)》后，這張專輯才大受歡迎)”和最后一段中的“Icanneverrepayhim.Hehasbeensuchaninfluence,infact,thebiggestinfluenceonmylife,andIlearnedsomuchfromhimthattherewouldbenowayIcouldeverrepayMr.JimSteinman.(我永遠(yuǎn)也報(bào)答不了他。他對(duì)我的影響是如此之大，事實(shí)上，對(duì)我的生活影響最大，我從他身上學(xué)到了很多東西，以至于我無(wú)法報(bào)答JimSteinman)”可知，JimSteinman和MeatLoaf是朋友，多次合作，正是因?yàn)镴imSteinman給了MeatLoaf友誼和事業(yè)上的支持，所以JimSteinman對(duì)MeatLoaf很重要。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由第一段中的“RockandpophitmakerJimSteinman,whowroteandposedmusicforMeatLoaf,BonnieTyler,CelineDion,andmore,diedMondayinDanbury,Connecticut.(為MeatLoaf、BonnieTyler、CelineDion等創(chuàng)作音樂(lè)的搖滾樂(lè)和流行樂(lè)巨星JimSteinman周一在康涅狄格州丹伯里去世)”和第二段中的“Therewillbemuchmoretosayintheinghoursanddaysaswepreparetohonorthisgiantofahumanbeingandhisgloriouslegacy.(在接下來(lái)的幾小時(shí)和幾天里，我們將有更多的話要說(shuō)，因?yàn)槲覀儨?zhǔn)備紀(jì)念這個(gè)人類巨人和他的光榮遺產(chǎn))”可知，他是一位知名的、廣受愛(ài)戴的音樂(lè)人。故選B項(xiàng)。CTheshadeofasingletreecanprovidewelerelieffromthehotsummersun.Butwhenthatsingletreeispartofasmallforest,itcreatesaconsiderablecoolingeffect.AccordingtoastudypublishedtodayintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences,treesplayabigroleinkeepingourcitiescool.Accordingtothestudy,therightamountoftreecovercanlowersummerdaytimetemperaturesbyasmuchas10degreesFahrenheit.Andtheeffectisquitenoticeablefromneighborhoodtoneighborhood,evendowntothescaleofasinglecityblock.“Weknewthatcitiesarewarmerthanthesurroundingcountryside,butwefoundthattemperaturesvaryjustasmuchwithincities,”saysMonicaTurner,aprofessorinthedepartmentofIntegrativeBiology,WisconsinMadisonUniversityandacoauthorofthestudy.Withclimatechangemakingextremeheateventsmoremoneachsummer,cityplannersareworkingonhowtoprepare.Heatwavesdriveupenergydemandsandcostsandcanhavebighumanhealthimpacts.Onepotentiallypowerfultool,thestudy'sauthorssay,areorganismsthathavebeenaroundlongbeforehumancivilizationscouldappreciatetheirleafybenefits.Andthosetreesmaybethesecrettokeepingtheplaceswelivelivable.Essentially,saysTurner,roads,sidewalksandbuildingsabsorbheatfromthesunduringthedayandslowlyreleasethatheatatnight.Trees,ontheotherhand,notonlyshadethosesurfacesfromthesun'srays,theyalsoreleasewaterintotheairthroughtheirleaves,aprocessthatcoolsthingsdown.Togetthemaximumbenefitofthiscoolingservice,thestudyfoundthattreecovermustbemorethan40percent.Inotherwords,anaerialpictureofasinglecityblockwouldneedtobenearlyhalfwaycoveredbyaleafygreennetworkofbranchesandleaves.8.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph2?A.Temperaturesincitiesmainlydependontheirgreencoverage.B.Peoplelivingandworkingincitiesmustplanttreesinsummer.C.Citiesarewarmerthanthecountrysidebecausetheydon'thavetrees.D.Anareawithmoretreescanbecoolerthantheotherpartswithinacity.9.Whichofthefollowingproblemsiscausedbyextremeheatevents?A.Severedamageofcityfacilities. B.Serioushumanhealthproblems.C.Residents'growingdemandsforplants. D.Unnecessarywasteofenergyresources.10.Whyaretreescrucialtocities?A.Theyhelpshadeandcoolthecities. B.Theymakeurbanscenerybeautiful.C.Theybuildupcitycoolingsystems. D.Theyessentiallyblockandreleaseheat.11.Whatcancityplannersconcludefromthestudy?A.Theyshouldpublishthestudyinanewspaper.B.Theyshouldeducatecitizenstoprotectforests.C.Theyshouldplanttreesonroadsandsidewalks.D.Theyshouldcovernearlyhalfthecitywithtrees.【答案】8.D9.B10.A11.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明樹(shù)對(duì)降低城市溫度的重要作用，以及如何最大化利用樹(shù)的降溫作用?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由第二段中的“Accordingtothestudy,therightamountoftreecovercanlowersummerdaytimetemperaturesbyasmuchas10degreesFahrenheit.Andtheeffectisquitenoticeablefromneighborhoodtoneighborhood,evendowntothescaleofasinglecityblock.(根據(jù)這項(xiàng)研究，適量的樹(shù)木覆蓋可以將夏季白天的溫度降低10華氏度。從一個(gè)街區(qū)到另一個(gè)街區(qū)，甚至到一個(gè)城市街區(qū)的規(guī)模，這種影響都非常明顯）”可知，適量的樹(shù)木覆蓋可以在夏天給城市降溫，可得出在城市中一個(gè)有更多樹(shù)木的地區(qū)可能比其他地區(qū)涼爽。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段中的“Heatwavesdriveupenergydemandsandcostsandcanhavebighumanhealthimpacts.(熱浪推高了能源需求和成本，并可能對(duì)人類健康產(chǎn)生重大影響)”可知，高溫天氣可對(duì)人的健康造成嚴(yán)重危害。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第四段中的“Trees,ontheotherhand,notonlyshadethosesurfacesfromthesun'srays,theyalsoreleasewaterintotheairthroughtheirleaves,aprocessthatcoolsthingsdown.(另一方面，樹(shù)木不僅遮蔽這些表面，使其免受陽(yáng)光的照射，它們還通過(guò)樹(shù)葉向空氣中釋放水分，這一過(guò)程使事物降溫)”可知，樹(shù)可以幫助遮擋陽(yáng)光以及給城市降溫。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。由最后一段“Togetthemaximumbenefitofthiscoolingservice,thestudyfoundthattreecovermustbemorethan40percent.Inotherwords,anaerialpictureofasinglecityblockwouldneedtobenearlyhalfwaycoveredbyaleafygreennetworkofbranchesandleaves.(為了最大限度地利用這種降溫服務(wù)，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)樹(shù)木覆蓋率必須超過(guò)40%。換言之，一個(gè)城市街區(qū)的航拍照片需要被一個(gè)枝葉繁茂的綠色網(wǎng)絡(luò)覆蓋近一半)”可知，城市規(guī)劃師從研究中得出他們應(yīng)該用樹(shù)木覆蓋幾乎一半的城市。故選D項(xiàng)。DNASAhasflownanaircraftonanotherplanetforthefirsttime.OnMonday,April19,Ingenuity,a1.8kilogramdrone(無(wú)人機(jī))helicopter,tookofffromthesurfaceofMars,flewupaboutthreemeters,thenhoveredfor40secondsandtookphotosabovewithoneofitstwocameras.ThehistoricmomentwaslivestreamedonYouTube.“Wecannowsaythathumanbeingshaveflownadronehelicopteronanotherplanet,”saidMiMiAung,theIngenuityMarsHelicopterprojectmanageratNASA'sJetPropulsionLaboratory,atapressconference.“We,together,flewatMars,andwe,together,nowhaveourWrightbrothersmoment,”sheadded,referringtothefirstpoweredairplaneflightonEarthin1903.Thedetails:Theflightwasasignificanttechnicalchallenge,thankstoMars'sbonechillingtemperatures(nightscandropdownto130°F/90°C)anditsincrediblythinatmosphere—just1%thedensityofEarth's.ThatmeantIngenuityhadtobelight,withrotorblades(螺旋槳)thatwerebiggerandfasterthanwouldbeneededtoachieveliftoffonEarth(althoughthegravityonMars,whichisonlyaboutonethirdofEarth's,workedinitsfavor).TheflighthadoriginallybeenscheduledtotakeplaceonApril11butwasdelayedbysoftwareissues.Whyit'ssignificant:BeyondbeingasignificantmilestoneforMarsexploration,theflightwillalsopavethewayforengineerstothinkaboutnewwaystoexploreotherplanets.Futuredronehelicopterscouldhelpastronautsbyscopingoutlocations,exploringinaccessibleareas,andcapturingimages.IngenuitywillalsohelpinformthedesignofDragonfly,acarsizedronethatNASAisplanningtosendtoSaturn'smoonTitanin2027.What'snext:Inthenextfewweeks,Ingenuitywillconductfourmoreflights,eachlastingupto90seconds.EachoneisdesignedtofurtherpushthelimitsofIngenuity'scapabilities.Ingenuityisonlydesignedtolastfor30Martiandays,andisexpectedtostopfunctioningaroundMay4.ItsfinalrestingplacewillbeintheJezeroCraterasNASAmovesontothemainfocusofitsmission:GettingthePerseverancerover(毅力號(hào)火星探測(cè)器)tostudyMarsforevidenceoflife.12.WhydoesMiMiAungmentionWrightbrothers?A.TohonorthehistoriccontributionofWrightbrothers.B.TomakeaparisonbetweenWrightbrothersandherself.C.TohighlighttheimportanceofIngenuity'sMartianexploration.D.ToremindthepublicofthefirstpoweredairplaneflightonEarth.13.WhatcausedchallengesforIngenuitydesigners?A.Thedelayofsoftwaretests.B.TheforceofgravityonMars.C.Mars'stemperaturesandatmosphere.D.TechnicaldifficultyinliftoffonEarth.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“milestone”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Agreatvictory. B.Adifficulttask.C.Aroadsidestone. D.Ahistoricevent.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.MarsDroneHelicopterMakesHistoricFirstFlightB.ModernWrightBrothersMoment:MarsExplorationC.FirstDroneHelicopterSpotsEvidenceofLifeonMarsD.Ingenuity:MarsDroneFliestoTakeIncrediblePictures【答案】12.C13.C14.D15.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹人類第一部火星飛行無(wú)人機(jī)的相關(guān)細(xì)節(jié)、重要意義以及后續(xù)的探索計(jì)劃。【12題詳解】推理推斷題。由第一段中的““Wecannowsaythathumanbeingshaveflownadronehelicopteronanotherplanet,”saidMiMiAung,theIngenuityMarsHelicopterprojectmanageratNASA'sJetPropulsionLaboratory,atapressconference.“We,together,flewatMars,andwe,together,nowhaveourWrightbrothersmoment,”sheadded,referringtothefirstpoweredairplaneflightonEarthin1903.(“我們現(xiàn)在可以說(shuō)，人類已經(jīng)在另一個(gè)星球上駕駛了一架無(wú)人駕駛直升機(jī)，”美國(guó)航天局噴氣推進(jìn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室獨(dú)創(chuàng)性火星直升機(jī)項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理MiMiAung在記者招待會(huì)上說(shuō)。“我們一起在火星飛行，我們一起，現(xiàn)在有了我們的萊特兄弟時(shí)刻，”她補(bǔ)充說(shuō)，指的是1903年地球上第一架動(dòng)力飛機(jī)飛行)”和結(jié)合常識(shí)可知，萊特兄弟發(fā)明飛機(jī)是一件很重要的事，發(fā)言人MiMiAung提到萊特兄弟，是為了強(qiáng)調(diào)此次探索的重要意義。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段中的“Theflightwasasignificanttechnicalchallenge,thankstoMars'sbonechillingtemperatures(nightscandropdownto130°F/90°C)anditsincrediblythinatmosphere—just1%thedensityofEarth's.(這次飛行是一次重大的技術(shù)挑戰(zhàn)，這要?dú)w功于火星令人寒心的溫度（夜晚可以降到130華氏度/90攝氏度）和難以置信的稀薄大氣層——只有地球密度的1%)”可知，此次探索的主要的挑戰(zhàn)來(lái)自溫度和大氣層。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。由第三段中的“Whyit'ssignificant:BeyondbeingasignificantmilestoneforMarsexploration,theflightwillalsopavethewayforengineerstothinkaboutnewwaystoexploreotherplanets.(重要的原因：這次飛行不僅是火星探測(cè)的一個(gè)重要milestone，還將為工程師們思考探索其他行星的新方法鋪平道路)”可知，本句指這次飛行的重要?dú)v史意義，milestone指“歷史性事件”。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。由第一段中的“NASAhasflownanaircraftonanotherplanetforthefirsttime.(美國(guó)宇航局首次在另一顆行星上駕駛飛機(jī))”以及后文說(shuō)明了本次飛行的重要性等，可知“火星無(wú)人駕駛直升機(jī)歷史性首次飛行”符合文意。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。HowtoDealWithRudenessWhenyouencounterrudepeople,doyourbesttomaintainyourdignity.Thatmightmakethemmadder,butonlyyouhavecontroloveryourownbehaviorandhowyoudealwiththem.Andwhateveryoudo,neverlettheotherperson'sbadbehaviorprovoke(激起)youintothrowingyourowntemperoutburst.____16____●Showempathyandsympathy.Thisrequiresunderstandingwhythepersonisbeingrude.Forexample,ifsomeoneyellsatsomeoneelseinpublic(evenyou),youmightmentionthatyou'vehadroughdaystoo,andyoutotallyunderstandhowhe'sfeeling.Chancesare,thatwon'tcalmdownsomeonewhoisrudetothecore,butifit'samomentarylapse(一時(shí)的失誤)inmanners,he'llprobablyapologize.Acceptitandmoveon.Ifhegetsangrier,letitgo.____17____●____18____Ifsomeoneyoucan'tgetawayfromisconsistentlyrudetoyou,haveaconversationandaddresstheissue.Askhimifherealizesthatthethingshesaysordoesshowalackofrespectforothers.Hemightnotrealizehe'sbeingrude.Ifhecares,he'llapologizeandtrytobemorepolite.____19____Ifhe'sacoworkerornextdoorneighbor,it'sdifficulttopletelystayawayfromhim,butyoucanlimityourcontactasmuchaspossible.●Offerextrakindness.____20____However,ifyouareabletokeepyourheadupandsetanexample,sometimestheotherpersonwilleventuallycalmdownandfollowyourlead.Don'tcountonthishappening,butitmightbeworthashotifyoudon'thaveachoicebuttobearoundhim.A.Nothingisimpossibletotolerate.B.Callthepersonoutonhisbehavior.C.Ifhedoesn't,thenyouneedtoavoidthisperson.D.Herearesomewaysyoucantrytodealwiththem.E.Remember,youareonlyhumananditisOKtogetmad.F.There'snothingyoucandotostophimormakehimbehave.G.Thismightbedifficultorevenimpossibleiftherudenessismorethanyoucanbear.【答案】16.D17.F18.B19.C20.G【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要談?wù)撊绾螒?yīng)對(duì)他人的粗魯行為，共給出三個(gè)建議。16題詳解】由上一句“Andwhateveryoudo,neverlettheotherperson'sbadbehaviorprovoke(激起)youintothrowingyourowntemperoutburst.(不管你做什么，千萬(wàn)不要讓別人的壞行為激怒你，讓你自己發(fā)脾氣)”，下文小標(biāo)題“●Showempathyandsympathy.(表現(xiàn)出同理心和同情心)”和“●Offerextrakindness.(提供額外的仁慈)”可知，下文提出了應(yīng)對(duì)他人粗魯行為的三個(gè)建議，此處是首段段尾句，作為主旨句引出下文，提供三個(gè)建議，承接上下文，D選項(xiàng)“以下是一些你可以嘗試處理它們的方法?！鼻蓄}。故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】由上三句“Chancesare,thatwon'tcalmdownsomeonewhoisrudetothecore,butifit'samomentarylapse(一時(shí)的失誤)inmanners,he'llprobablyapologize.Acceptitandmoveon.Ifhegetsangrier,letitgo.(很有可能，這并不能讓一個(gè)粗魯無(wú)禮的人冷靜下來(lái)，但如果只是一時(shí)失禮，他可能會(huì)道歉。接受它，繼續(xù)前進(jìn)。如果他更生氣，就讓他去吧)”可知，此處是本段尾句，是該段的結(jié)尾，前文提到，如果對(duì)方道歉，接受他的道歉，讓事情過(guò)去；如果對(duì)方更生氣了，隨他去，因?yàn)槟銢](méi)法改變他，承接上文，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“你不能阻止他，也不能讓他乖乖聽(tīng)話。”切題。故選F項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】此處是小標(biāo)題句，作為整段的主旨句，根據(jù)該段段落主旨句“Ifsomeoneyoucan'tgetawayfromisconsistentlyrudetoyou,haveaconversationandaddresstheissue.Askhimifherealizesthatthethingshesaysordoesshowalackofrespectforothers.(如果一個(gè)你無(wú)法擺脫的人總是對(duì)你粗魯無(wú)禮，那就和他談?wù)劜⒔鉀Q這個(gè)問(wèn)題。問(wèn)他是否意識(shí)到他所說(shuō)或所做的事表明他對(duì)他人缺乏尊重)”可知，該段主要是讓讀者嘗試與對(duì)方溝通，說(shuō)出對(duì)方的無(wú)禮行為，以改變他的粗魯行為，承接下文，B選項(xiàng)“把那個(gè)人的行為說(shuō)出來(lái)?！鼻蓄}。故選B項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】由上三句“Askhimifherealizesthatthethingshesaysordoesshowalackofrespectforothers.Hemightnotrealizehe'sbeingrude.Ifhecares,he'llapologizeandtrytobemorepolite.(問(wèn)他是否意識(shí)到他所說(shuō)或所做的事表明他對(duì)他人缺乏尊重。他可能沒(méi)有意識(shí)到自己很粗魯。如果他在乎的話，他會(huì)道歉并盡量表現(xiàn)得更有禮貌)”和下一句“Ifhe'sacoworkerornextdoorneighbor,it'sdifficulttopletelystayawayfromhim,butyoucanlimityourcontactasmuchaspossible.(如果他是同事或隔壁鄰居，很難完全遠(yuǎn)離他，但你可以盡可能限制你的聯(lián)系)”可知，上文講針對(duì)“粗魯行為的人是否意識(shí)到自己粗魯行為”的反應(yīng)，假設(shè)了一種回應(yīng)就是粗魯行為的人道歉并表現(xiàn)禮貌，下文卻建議讀者遠(yuǎn)離粗魯行為的人，可得出該空應(yīng)該會(huì)假設(shè)另一種相反的情況，即粗魯行為的人沒(méi)有道歉，讀者應(yīng)該怎么辦，承接上下文，C選項(xiàng)“如果他沒(méi)有，那你就要避開(kāi)這個(gè)人?！鼻蓄}。故選C項(xiàng)。【20題詳解】由下兩句“However,ifyouareabletokeepyourheadupandsetanexample,sometimestheotherpersonwilleventuallycalmdownandfollowyourlead.Don'tcountonthishappening,butitmightbeworthashotifyoudon'thaveachoicebuttobearoundhim.(然而，如果你能保持清醒的頭腦，樹(shù)立榜樣，有時(shí)對(duì)方最終會(huì)冷靜下來(lái)，聽(tīng)從你的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。別指望會(huì)發(fā)生這種事，但如果你別無(wú)選擇，只能和他在一起，那也許值得一試)”可知，下文講此法難度高，從下一句的However可知，該句與下句呈轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，從三個(gè)建議的層次關(guān)系來(lái)看，屬于容忍度越來(lái)越高的層次，Offerextrakindness是最高尚的一種應(yīng)對(duì)方法，因此該句應(yīng)選G，表明此法難度高，但若做到或許有很好的效果，承接下文，G選項(xiàng)“這可能是困難的，甚至不可能的，如果粗魯是超出你的承受能力?！鼻蓄}。故選G項(xiàng)。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填人空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Awildfireburneddownacouple'shouseinCaliforniain1963.Thecouple,ChrisandLindyDate,wereespecially____21____tofindtheirwedding____22____gonewiththeflames.“Thephotosare____23____forever,”Lindythought,overwhelmedbyasenseofloss.Aftercarefulresearch,____24____,MrDatedecidedtomakea“l(fā)ongshotrequest”totheCambridgeshireCollection,thecounty'sarchives(檔案)service.Astheyrecalled,theirweddinghadbeen____25____byLetticeRamsey,ofRamseyandMuspratt.“Ididsomeonline____26____andfoundthatthepanyhad____27____theirnegatives(底片)totheCambridgeshireCollectioninthe1980s,”MrDatesaid.“RamseyandMusprattwasquite____28____inCambridgeatthetime,takingpicturesofmanyofthecity'sbestknownnames.”He____29____thearchive“moreinhopethanexpectation”toaskifthenegativeshad_____30_____“Theyrespondedquicklytosaytheyhadphotoswhichthey_____31_____wereoursandsentthreetometo_____32_____,”MrDatesaid.“ThetimeIreceivedthem—Iknewwewouldgetourphotosback!Iwasso_____33_____toseethem.SteveCriswell,alocalcouncillor,remarked,“Wehavea_____34_____librariesandlocalstudiesteamwhoaremittedtohelpingthe_____35_____,nomatterhowdifficultitistosatisfytheirrequests.21.A.calm B.frightened C.sad D.grateful22.A.album B.present C.dress D.ceremony23.A.stolen B.lost C.taken D.studied24.A.instead B.moreover C.otherwise D.however25.A.designed B.photographed C.recorded D.reported26.A.research B.chatting C.exploration D.shopping27.A.destroyed B.possessed C.donated D.remended28.A.expensive B.private C.valuable D.famous29.A.contacted B.reached C.blamed D.assisted30.A.burned B.returned C.survived D.sunk31.A.knew B.believed C.found D.assured32.A.check B.collect C.illustrate D.restore33.A.surprised B.amused C.pleased D.bored34.A.damaged B.devoted C.discouraged D.directed35.A.couple B.neighbors C.parents D.public【答案】21.C22.A23.B24.D25.B26.A27.C28.D29.A30.C31.B32.A33.C34.B35.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述一對(duì)夫婦在大火中失去了珍貴的婚禮紀(jì)念相冊(cè)，后又在相關(guān)部門(mén)的幫助下復(fù)得底片的溫情故事。【21題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這對(duì)夫婦，Chris和LindyDate，特別傷心地發(fā)現(xiàn)他們的結(jié)婚紀(jì)念冊(cè)被大火燒毀了。A.calm冷靜的；B.frightened害怕的；C.sad悲傷的；D.grateful感激的。由本處的“theirwedding____2____gonewiththeflames”、下文的“Thephotos”和“overwhelmedbyasenseofloss”可知，Date夫婦失去婚禮相冊(cè)，很失落，心情肯定很悲傷。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這對(duì)夫婦，Chris和LindyDate，特別傷心地發(fā)現(xiàn)他們的結(jié)婚紀(jì)念冊(cè)被大火燒毀了。A.album相冊(cè)；B.present禮物；C.dress女連衣裙；D.ceremony儀式。由本處的“theirwedding____2____gonewiththeflames”和下文的“Thephotos”可知，Date夫婦發(fā)現(xiàn)婚禮“相冊(cè)”被火燒沒(méi)了。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“照片永遠(yuǎn)不見(jiàn)了，”Lindy心想，心中充滿了失落感。A.stolen偷；B.lost失去；C.taken帶走；D.studied學(xué)習(xí)。由上文的“theirwedding____2____gonewiththeflames”可知，Date夫婦發(fā)現(xiàn)婚禮“相冊(cè)”被火燒沒(méi)了，所以照片永遠(yuǎn)失去了。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，經(jīng)過(guò)仔細(xì)研究，Date先生決定向劍橋郡檔案館提出“長(zhǎng)期請(qǐng)求”。A.instead相反；B.moreover而且；C.otherwise否則；D.however然而。由上文語(yǔ)境可知，Lindy認(rèn)為照片已經(jīng)永遠(yuǎn)地失去了，但Mr.Date決定要嘗試求助檔案部門(mén)，兩句呈轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，用however。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：據(jù)他們回憶，他們的婚禮是由RamseyandMuspratt的LetticeRamsey拍攝的。A.designed設(shè)計(jì)；B.photographed拍照；C.recorded記錄；D.reported報(bào)道。由下文的“thepany”和“RamseyandMusprattwasquite____8____inCambridgeatthetime,takingpicturesofmanyofthecity'sbestknownnames.”可知，RamseyandMuspratt是一家攝影公司，此處指婚禮照片是由RamseyandMuspratt公司的LetticeRamsey這位攝影師“拍攝”。故選B項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Date表示：“我在網(wǎng)上做了一些調(diào)查，發(fā)現(xiàn)該公司在上世紀(jì)80年代曾將底片捐贈(zèng)給劍橋郡收藏館。”A.research調(diào)查，研究；B.chatting聊天；C.exploration探索；D.shopping購(gòu)物。由上文的“Aftercarefulresearch”可知，與前文互相照應(yīng)，此處意為我在網(wǎng)上做了一些調(diào)查。故選A項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Date表示：“我在網(wǎng)上做了一些調(diào)查，發(fā)現(xiàn)該公司在上世紀(jì)80年代曾將底片捐贈(zèng)給劍橋郡收藏館?！盇.destroyed摧毀；B.possessed擁有；C.donated捐贈(zèng)；D.remended建議。由下文語(yǔ)境可知，Date在劍橋郡收藏館找到了照片，說(shuō)明該公司捐贈(zèng)了底片給劍橋郡收藏館，donate…to…(捐贈(zèng)……于……)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：RamseyandMuspratt公司當(dāng)時(shí)在劍橋相當(dāng)有名，拍攝了許多劍橋最著名事物的名字。A.expensive昂貴的；B.private私人的；C.valuable貴重的；D.famous有名的。由下文的“takingpicturesofmanyofthecity'sbestknownnames”可知，RamseyandMuspratt公司能拍攝許多最著名的東西，說(shuō)明該公司在當(dāng)時(shí)是挺出名的。故選D項(xiàng)。【29題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他聯(lián)系了檔案館，“希望大于期望”，詢問(wèn)這些底片是否保存下來(lái)。A.contacted聯(lián)系；B.reached到達(dá)；C.blamed責(zé)備；D.assisted幫助。由下文的“Theyrespondedquickly”可知，檔案館回復(fù)了Date先生，說(shuō)明他聯(lián)系了檔案館以詢問(wèn)底片下落。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他聯(lián)系了檔案館，“希望大于期望”，詢問(wèn)這些底片是否保存下來(lái)。A.burned燃燒；B.returned回去；C.survived繼續(xù)存在、保存下來(lái)；D.sunk沉沒(méi)。由下文的“ThetimeIreceivedthem—Iknewwewouldgetourphotosback!”可知，Date先生收到了來(lái)自檔案館的底片，說(shuō)明Date先生詢問(wèn)了底片是否“繼續(xù)存在、保存下來(lái)”。故選C項(xiàng)。【31題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Date說(shuō)：“他們很快回復(fù)說(shuō)，他們有自己認(rèn)為是我們的照片，并發(fā)給我三張照片，讓我檢查?！盇.knew知道；B.believed相信、認(rèn)為；C.found發(fā)現(xiàn)；D.assured確保。由上文的“Theyrespondedquicklytosaytheyhadphotos”可知，此處指他們認(rèn)為可能有我們想找的照片，并給我發(fā)了三張去檢查。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Date說(shuō)：“他們很快回復(fù)說(shuō)，他們有自己認(rèn)為是我們的照片，并發(fā)給我三張照片，讓我檢查?！盇.check檢查；B.collect收集；C.illustrate解釋；D.restore修復(fù)。由本處語(yǔ)境可知，檔案部門(mén)給Date先生發(fā)照片是為了給他檢查，確認(rèn)是不是他們的婚禮照片。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我很高興見(jiàn)到它們。A.surprised驚訝的；B.amused好笑的；C.pleased快樂(lè)的；D.bored厭倦的。由上文的“ThetimeIreceivedthem—Iknewwewouldgetourphotosback!”可知，照片失而復(fù)得時(shí)的心情，應(yīng)該是“開(kāi)心的、愉快的”。故選C項(xiàng)。【34題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：地方議員SteveCriswell說(shuō)：“無(wú)論滿足他們的要求有多困難，我們有一個(gè)全心全意致力于幫助公眾的圖書(shū)館和地方研究團(tuán)隊(duì)?！盇.damaged被損壞的；B.devoted全心全意的；C.discouraged泄氣的；D.directed有指導(dǎo)的。由下文的“whoaremittedtohelpingthe____15____”可知，圖書(shū)館和地方研究團(tuán)隊(duì)致力于幫助公眾，可得出這是一個(gè)“忠誠(chéng)的、全心全意的”團(tuán)隊(duì)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：地方議員SteveCriswell說(shuō)：“無(wú)論滿足他們的要求有多困難，我們有一個(gè)全心全意致力于幫助公眾的圖書(shū)館和地方研究團(tuán)隊(duì)。”A.couple夫妻；B.neighbors鄰居；C.parents父母；D.public公眾。由上文語(yǔ)境可知，檔案部門(mén)幫助了群眾Date夫妻，可得出這個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)盡心盡力服務(wù)“公眾”。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題分，滿分15分)閱讀下面材料，在空白處填人1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Chinesekitemakershavealottoworry____36____thesedays.AsChinabeesmoremodernanewgenerationisplayingvideogamesinsteadof____37____(attach)paintedsilktobambooframes(支架).Theonlykitemakers____38____remainaregrowingol