策馬翻譯培訓(xùn)翻譯：漢譯英練習(xí)15篇(口譯)

［策馬翻譯培訓(xùn)口譯培訓(xùn)?練習(xí)一］Passage1上海菜系是中國最年輕的地方菜系，通常被成為“本幫菜〞，有著400連年的歷史。同中國其他菜系一樣，“本幫菜〞具有“色，香，味〞三大要素。|上海菜的特點(diǎn)是注重調(diào)料的利用，食物的質(zhì)地和菜的原汁原味。其中最著名的有特色點(diǎn)心“南翔小籠〞和特色菜“松鼠鮭魚〞。|“南翔小籠〞是豬肉餡，個(gè)小味美，皮薄汁醇?！八墒篚q魚〞色澤黃亮，形如松鼠，外皮脆而內(nèi)肉嫩，湯汁酸甜適口。|在品嘗過“松鼠鮭魚〞以后，咱們常常驚訝于“松鼠〞的形狀，感覺在三大評價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)上在添加“形〞這個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)才更適宜。|譯文：Shanghaicuisine,usuallycalledBenbangcuisine,istheyoungestamongthemajorregionalcuisinesinChina,withahistoryofmorethan400years.LikeallotherChineseregionalcuisines,Benbangcuisinestakes“color,aromaandtaste〞asitsessentialqualityelements.|Shanghaicuisineemphasizesinparticulartheexpertuseofseasonings,theselectionofrawmaterialswithqualitytexture,andoriginalflavors.ShanghaicuisineisfamousforaspecialsnackknownasNanxiangSteamedMeatDumplingsandaspecialdishcalled“Squirrel-ShapedMandarinFish〞.|NanxiangSteamedMeatDumplingsaresmallinsize,withthinandtranslucentwrappers,filledinsidewithgroundporkandrichtastysoup.Squirrel-ShapedMandarinFishisyellow-coloredandsquirrel-shaped,withacrispyskinandtendermeat,allcoveredwithasweetandsoursource.|AftertastingSquirrel-ShapedMandarinFish,wearealwaysamazedbythesquirrelshapeandthinkthatitismoreappropriatetoplus“appearance〞asthefourthelement.Passage2美國人強(qiáng)調(diào)效率、競爭和獨(dú)創(chuàng)性，而中國人那么將嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)計(jì)劃放在首位，鼓勵(lì)團(tuán)隊(duì)成員之間的密符合作和無私奉獻(xiàn)。|在美國學(xué)校，討論享有至高無上的地位，討論是課堂教學(xué)的主旋律；而中國教師喜歡講課，喜歡考試，編寫千篇一概的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)教案，培育整齊劃一的高材生。|美國人的政治觀，經(jīng)濟(jì)觀和社會觀的核心是個(gè)人道德自治觀。中國傳統(tǒng)的思想體系是以儒家學(xué)說為根底的，這種思想強(qiáng)調(diào)整體和諧。|此刻，中美聯(lián)系比以往加倍周密，中國人學(xué)英語，玩保齡球，吃肯德基，美國人學(xué)漢語，練功夫，吃北京烤鴨，?泰坦尼克?駛進(jìn)中國，?牡丹亭?也在百老匯上演。|Americanpeopleemphasizeefficiency,competitionandoriginalitywhileChinesepeoplegiveprioritytocarefulplanningandencourageclosecooperationandaltruisticdedicationamongteammembers.|InAmericanschools,discussionisgiventopprioritywhileChineseteachersliketolectureinclass,andalotofthemareobsessedwithexaminations.Theywriteconsistentandstandardizedteachingplans,andarehappywithbringingupidenticalandstandardizedtalents.|CentraltoAmericanpolitical,economicandsocialthoughtistheconceptofindividualmoralautonomy.TraditionalChinesephilosophicalsystemsarebasedonConfucianism,whichsingshighpraisesforcommunalharmony.|Nowadays,therelationofChinaandAmericabecomecloserthanever.ChineselearnEnglish,playbowling,enjoyKFC,whileAmericanslearnChinese,exerciseKungFu,likePekingDuck.AndTitanicsailedintoChina,whileThePeonyPavilionhasbeenperformedonBroadway.|Passage3咱們社會主義市場經(jīng)濟(jì)體制的成立和開展，要求咱們改革和完善社會福利保障體制，從而對社會效勞提出了更高的要求。|隨著政府職能的轉(zhuǎn)變，原來由政府包攬的許多社會效勞工作，有相當(dāng)一局部將慢慢轉(zhuǎn)移到社會集體和民間組織。|一方面，政府的宏觀管理責(zé)任將會變得加倍重大。另一方面，社會集體和民間組織有必要參與更多的社區(qū)效勞工作。|這樣就提出一個(gè)課題：政府和社會集體如何密符合作，如何分工協(xié)作，更好地推動社區(qū)效勞事業(yè)。|Theestablishmentanddevelopmentofchina'ssocialistmarketeconomyrequiresthereformandimprovementinoursoialwelfareandsecuritysystem,whichinturnplaceshigherexpectationsontheworkofcommunityservice.|Withthetransformationofgovernmentalfunctions,muchoftheworkinvolvingsocialservicesthatwasinitiallyundertakenbythegovernmentwillhavetobetransferredgraduallytosocialgroupsandnon-governmentalorganizations.|Ontheonehand,thegovernmentwillshouldergreatresponsibilitiesinitsmacromanagement;andontheotherhand,socialgroupsandnon-governmentalorganizationswillneedtoinvolvethemselvesmoreincommunityservice.|Consequently,therehasemergedanissuewhichconcernsthewayofaclosecollaborationandthedivisionofresponsibilitiesbetweenthegovernmentandsocialgroups,inordertofurtherthedevelopmentofcommunityservice.Passage4春節(jié)期間的娛樂活動多種多樣，豐碩多彩。耍龍燈和舞獅子是春節(jié)期間的傳統(tǒng)工程。還有一種至今仍受人歡送的傳統(tǒng)演出活動，叫踩高蹺。|此刻，隨著生活水平的不斷提高，人們采用了新的方式慶賀新年。但無論慶賀方式怎么變，春節(jié)的精華不會變，那就是為了祈求新年桔祥如意。|家家戶戶都會打掃的干干凈凈，門上都會貼上對聯(lián)，人人都會穿上新衣裳，拿出最精致的食物，團(tuán)聚在一路，互道吉利，表示祝賀。|最重要的是，春節(jié)是一個(gè)合家歡聚的日子，出門在外的人總要想方設(shè)法在除夕夜到來之前趕回家，吃上一年中最重要的一段飯——“團(tuán)圓飯〞。|TherecreationalactivitiesduringtheSpringFestivalarevariedandcolorful.TheDagonDanceandLionDancearetraditionallyperformedduringthefestival.Walkingonstiltsisanothertraditionalperformanceeventpopularinchina.|Nowadays,withtheimprovementoflivingstandards,peoplehavetakenupnewwaystocelebratetheNewYear.Nomatterwhatchangetheremightbe,thehighlightsoftheSpringFestivalwillremainthesame:hopingforapropitiousandhappynewyear.|Eachfamilywillcleanupthehouseandputupanantitheticalcoupletoneachsideoftheupintheirbest,peoplewillgettogether,treateachothertothemostdeliciousfoodsandexchangeauspiciousgreetings.|Mostimportantofall,theSpringFestivalistheoccasionforafamilyreunion.PeopleawayfromhomeforvariousreasonswillalwaystrytheirbesttocomebackbeforetheNewYear'sEveforthefamilyreuniondinner,themostimportantmealoftheyear.|Passage5香港中文大學(xué)，簡稱“中大〞，成立于1963年。中大是一所研究型綜合大學(xué)，以“結(jié)合傳統(tǒng)與現(xiàn)代，融匯中國與西方〞為創(chuàng)校使命。|40連年來，中大一直致力于宏揚(yáng)中華傳統(tǒng)文化，堅(jiān)持雙語教育，并推行獨(dú)特的書院制度，在香港教育界卓但是立。中大校園占地134公頃，是世界上最美麗的校園之一。|中大的師生來自世界各地。有教職員工5200多人、近萬名本科生、約2000多名研究生，其中約2500多人來自45個(gè)不同的國家和地域。|中大實(shí)行靈活的學(xué)分制，不僅有助于培育有專有博的人材，而且還給予學(xué)生更大的學(xué)習(xí)自主權(quán)。中大的多元教育有助于充分發(fā)揮每一個(gè)學(xué)生的潛能。|TheChineseUniversityofHongKong,CUHKforshort,wasfoundedin1963.ItisaresearchorientedcomprehensiveuniversitywithamissiontocombinetraditionwithmodernityandbringtogetherChinaandtheWest.|Formorethan40years,wehavebeendistinguishedfromotherlocaluniversitiesbyvirtueofourrichChineseculturalheritage,bilingualeducation,andouruniquecollegesystem.CUHK's134-hectarecampusisoneofthemostbeautifulcampusesintheworld.|CUHK'sfacultyandstudentscomefromallcornersoftheworld.Ithasmorethan5200staffmembers,approximately10,000undergraduates,and2000postgraduatestudents.Ofthesestudents,some2,500arefrom45countriesandregionsoutsideHongKong.|Theflexiblecreditunitsystemallowsabalancebetweendepthwithbreadth,andahighdegreeoffreechoiceofstudentsindesigningtheirownlearning.ThemultifacetededucationatCUHKhelpstobringoutthebestineverystudent.|Passage6中國國際出版集團(tuán)是中國最大的、最權(quán)威的外語出版發(fā)行單位，其前身是中央人民政府新聞出版署國際新聞局。|我集團(tuán)堅(jiān)持“讓中國走向世界，讓世界了解中國〞的出版原那么，全心致力于中國外語教育與研究事業(yè)的開展，全心致力于中外文化交流事業(yè)的拓展。|為了增強(qiáng)對出版人材隊(duì)伍的成立，為了知足日趨增加的特殊出版業(yè)務(wù)的需要，我集團(tuán)每一年都要選派一些青年員工到國內(nèi)外知名高等學(xué)府和研究機(jī)構(gòu)深造，|按照咱們的開展戰(zhàn)略，咱們會將前進(jìn)的步伐邁出國界走向世界，對準(zhǔn)海外讀者群，這一戰(zhàn)略已取得了良好的開局。|TheChinaInternationalPublishingGroupisthelargestandthemostauthoritativeforeignlanguagepublishinganddistributionestablishment,itspredecessorbeingtheInternationalPressBureauoftheCentralPeople'sGovernmentPressandPublicationAdministration.|Adheringtothepublishingphilosophyof“assistingChina'smarchtotheworldandfacilitatingworld'sunderstandingofChina〞,theGroupcommitsitselfentirelytopromotingforeignlanguageeducationandresearchinChinaandadvancingculturalexchangesbetweenChinaandforeigncountries.|Inordertobuildupastrongteamofpublishingstaff,aswellastomeetthegrowingneedofmoretechnicallydemandingbusiness,theGroupmakesitarulethatyoungstaffbeselectedandsenttonoteduniversitiesandresearchinstitutions,bothdomesticandoverseas,forfurtherstudies.|Asisclearlyspelledoutinournewdevelopmentstrategy,wewillgobeyondournationalboundariesandwedgeourselvesintotheworldcirculationmarket,aimingattheinternationalreadership.Ourinitialeffortshavebeenveryrewarding.|Passage7改革開放30年來，隨著中國逐漸崛起成為政治經(jīng)濟(jì)強(qiáng)國，海外人士學(xué)習(xí)漢語的現(xiàn)象與日俱增，海外孔子學(xué)院也成了人們學(xué)習(xí)中國語言和中國文化的首選之地。|通過學(xué)習(xí)漢語，他們對這個(gè)和自己文化截然不同的古老文明產(chǎn)生了濃厚的興趣，而且有機(jī)會了解中國的哲學(xué)、藝術(shù)、醫(yī)學(xué)、飲食文化，切身體驗(yàn)這個(gè)文明古國的風(fēng)度。|作為第二文化，中國文化也豐碩了他們的生活和世界觀。可以說，這個(gè)潮流方興未艾。愈來愈多的學(xué)習(xí)漢語的美國人除對中國菜肴贊不絕口之外，也在嘗試針灸，草藥和武術(shù)。|他們也看功夫電影，學(xué)習(xí)東方時(shí)裝潮流和手工藝，不知不覺的在日常生活中談及中國的點(diǎn)心，人參、銀杏，烏龍茶等。目前在美國最熱點(diǎn)的中國文化是道家學(xué)說和有著神秘色彩的風(fēng)水學(xué)。Aschinaisrisingasapoliticalandeconomicworldpower,thankstoitsthree-decadereformandopeningup,moreandmorepeopleinoverseascountriesstarttolearnChineseandturntoaConfuciusInstituteintheirowncountriesastheirfirstchoicelearningChineselanguageandChineseculture.|Duringthelearningprocess,thelearnersconcurrentlydeveloptheirinterestinthisancientland,whosecivilizationissovastlydifferentfromtheirs.AndthelearnershaveopportunitiestolearnaboutChinesephilosophy,art,architecture,medicineandcateringcultureandexperiencefirsthandthesplendorsofthisvenerablecivilization.|Asthesecondculture,Chineseculturehasenrichedthelifeandworldoutlookofthelearners.Thistrend,sotospeak,isgatheringmomentumandistheretostay.ApartfromtheirloveforChinesecuisine,moreandmoreAmericanlearnersofChineselanguageareturningtoChineseacupuncture,herbalmedicines,martialarts.|Theyarealsointerestedinkongfufilms,fashionsandcrafts.Seeminglyoutlandishwordssuchasdimsum,ginseng,gingko,oolongchahavecreptintotheireverydaylanguage.ThelatestChineseculturaliconstomakeitsimpactthereareTaoism,andancientschoolofthought,andfengshui,anancientartofplacement.|Passage8過去10年，海平面升高和叢林觀點(diǎn)的速度都是前所未有的；生態(tài)惡化、物種滅絕、臭氧層被破壞、溫室效應(yīng)、酸雨等一系列環(huán)境問題已經(jīng)嚴(yán)重影響到人類的生存環(huán)境。|環(huán)境惡化造成的問題之一就是缺水。目前全世界40%以上的人口，即20多億人，面臨缺水問題。據(jù)預(yù)測，未來25年全世界人口將有60億增加到80億，環(huán)境保護(hù)面臨更大的壓力。|中國作為一個(gè)開展中國家，面臨著開展經(jīng)濟(jì)和保護(hù)環(huán)境的雙重任務(wù)。從國情動身，中國在全面推動現(xiàn)代化的進(jìn)程中，將環(huán)境保護(hù)視為一項(xiàng)根本國策。|眾所周知，對生態(tài)環(huán)境和生物多樣性的保護(hù)是環(huán)保工作的重點(diǎn)。我國野生動植物物種豐碩，僅脊椎動物就有6000多種左右，高等植物3萬多種。|Sealevelroseandforestweredestroyedatanunprecedentedrateduringthelastdecade.Aseriesofenvironmentalproblemssuchsthedeteriorationofecosystem,theextinctionofbio-species,damagetotheozonelayer,thegreen-houseeffect,acidrain,haveposedaseriousthreattohumanlivingconditions.|Environmentalcrisisleadstooneoftheseriousproblems,namely,watershortage.Presently,morethan40%oftheworld'spopulation,morethan2billionpeople,nowfacewatershortage.Itispredictedhatwiththeglobalpopulationexpectedtoincreasefromsixbilliontoeightbillionoverthenext25years,morepressureonenvironmentalprotectionstressisexpected.|Asadevelopingcountry,chinaisconfrontedwiththedualtaskofdevelopingtheeconomyandprotectingtheenvironment.Proceedingfromitsnationalconditions,chinahas,intheprocessofpromotingitsoverallmodernizationprogram,madeenvironmentalprotectiononeofitsbasicstatepolicies.|Itisknowntoallthatprotectionoftheecologicalenvironmentandbiodiversityisthefocalpointofenvironmentalprotectionwork.Chinaisrichinwildlifespecies.Thereareabout6,000vertebratesaloneand30,000speciesofhigherplants.|Passage9為了切實(shí)保護(hù)兒童權(quán)益，中國的立法、司法、政府各有關(guān)部門和社會集體都成立了相應(yīng)的機(jī)制，以監(jiān)視、實(shí)施和增進(jìn)保護(hù)兒童事業(yè)的安康開展。|中國政府發(fā)動社會采取多種方式關(guān)心和幫忙殘疾兒童的成長，大力宏揚(yáng)殘疾兒童自強(qiáng)不息的精神，提倡團(tuán)結(jié)、友愛、合作的道德風(fēng)氣。|中國民族素有“攜幼〞，“愛幼〞的傳統(tǒng)美德，中國古語“有無有和人之幼〞了流傳至今。|咱們要在全社會提倡樹立“保護(hù)兒童、教育兒童、為兒童做表率、為兒童辦實(shí)事〞的公民意識，并盡力為兒童事業(yè)的開展創(chuàng)造良好的社會條件。|Toeffectivelyprotectchildren'srightsandinterests,china'slegislation,judicialandgovernmentdepartmentsconcernedaswellasnon-governmentalorganizationshavesetupcorrespondingmechanismstosupervise,facilitateandpromotethehealthydevelopmentoftheworkonprotectingchildren.|TheChinesegovernmenthasdoneagreatdealtomobilizevariouscirclesinsocietytocarefor,invariousmanners,thedevelopmentofdisabledchildren,togreatlyencouragethespiritofunceasingself-improvementamongphysicallydisadvantagedchildrenandtoadvocatethevaluedsocialvirtuesofunity,friendshipandmutualaid.|TheChinesenationhaslongcultivatedthetraditionalvirtuesof“bringuptheyoung〞andcaringfortheyoung〞.AnoldChinesesayingthat“l(fā)oveourchildrenandloveothers'childreninthesamemanner〞isstillverypopular.|Weshouldurgethesocietyatlargetoraisetheawarenessofimportanceof“protectingandeducatingchildren,andsettingagoodexampleanddoingpracticalthingforchildren〞.Wewillsparenoeffortstocreatefavorablesocialconditionsfortheprogressofchilddevelopmentprograms.|Passage10武術(shù)在我國源遠(yuǎn)流長，是中華民族傳統(tǒng)文化的至寶。咱們知道，一個(gè)民族的優(yōu)秀文化遺產(chǎn)，不單單屬于一個(gè)民族，它會逐漸傳播到世界而成為人類的一路財(cái)富。|為了更好的推行武術(shù)運(yùn)動，使其與奧運(yùn)工程接軌，中國武協(xié)和國際武聯(lián)做了大量的艱辛卓絕的工作。此刻武術(shù)運(yùn)動已被列為一種具有與保齡球運(yùn)動和國際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)舞同樣地位的奧運(yùn)演出工程。|武術(shù)的蓬勃開展，除得益于其工程本身的吸引力之外，初期移居海外的一代武術(shù)大師功不可沒。|老一代武術(shù)家在海外播種下了武術(shù)的種子，使武術(shù)這門既可以自衛(wèi)又可以健身的運(yùn)動很快就在新的土地上扎下了根。今天高超的武術(shù)大師已遍及世界各地，武術(shù)愛好者也與日俱增。|Wushu,orChinesemartialart,canbetracedbacktoancienttimes.ItisagemofChinesetraditionalculture.Asweallknow,thefinecultureofanationdoesn'tbelongtothenationaloneanditwillbespreadtotherestoftheworldandsharedbyallhumanity.|TheChineseWushuAssociationandInternationalWushuFederation(IWUF)havebeenworkingveryhardtopopularizewushuandmaketheChinesemartialartclosertotheOlympicwasacceptedtojoinbowlingandinternationalstandarddanceasanOlympicdemonstrationevent.|TheboomingofwushuisattributednotonlytotheattractivenessofthesportbutalsotoemigrantChinesewushumastersovertheyears.|Martialartistsoftheoldergenerationshavesownwushuseedsinforeigncountries.Weshu,whichcanbeusedasselfdefenseandcankeeppractitionersfitandstrong,soombecamepopularonnewlands.Todaysperbwushumastersareactiveallovertheworld,andamateursareontheincreasewitheachpassingday.Passage11我贊同許多東亞學(xué)者的觀點(diǎn)，東方文明可以醫(yī)治盛行于西方世界的一些惡疾。西方世界個(gè)人自由主義泛濫致使了極端本位主義、性關(guān)系混亂和過度暴力行為，對此咱們不能視而不見。|相反，東方社會的自我約束力，集體責(zé)任感和溫厚儒雅的傳統(tǒng)倒可以消除西方社會的許多惡疾。|在這個(gè)信息時(shí)期，世界已縮小成一個(gè)地球村。這個(gè)地球村里，再也不有什么涇渭清楚的東方世界和西方世界，咱們是生活在同一個(gè)社區(qū)里的鄰里。|因此，咱們彼此之間不必沖突。咱們之間的關(guān)系應(yīng)該是一種友好合作，平等互補(bǔ)的關(guān)系。咱們應(yīng)該彼此理解，彼此學(xué)習(xí)，和睦共處。|IsharethesameviewwithmanyEastAsianscholarsthattheOrientalcivilizationcanhealsomeoftheprevailing,stubbornWesternills.WeshouldnotturnablindeyetothefactthatindividualfreedomhasgoneoverboardintheWest,resultinginextremeindividualism,sexualpromiscuityandexcessiveuseofviolence.|Bycontrast,self-discipline,corporateresponsibilityandthepacifictraditionofEastAsiacanoffsetmanyWesternvices.|Atthisageofinformation,theworldhasshrunkasaglobalvillageinwhichtherewillbenoclearcutworldsoftheEastandtheWestanymore,butaworldofonecommunitywithneighboringfamilies.|Therefore,wedonotnecessarilyhavetocomeintoclashwitheachother.Ourrelationshipisoneoffriendlycooperation,equalityandmutualcomplementarityandtherefore,weshouldunderstandandlearnfromeachother,andliveinharmony.|Passage12國際貿(mào)易的根本原那么是平等互利，各國追求各自的利益是正常的，出現(xiàn)一些摩擦和糾紛也是不可避免的。關(guān)鍵要以冷靜而明智的態(tài)度正確對待和處置摩擦和糾紛。|就中美貿(mào)易而言，互利共贏的經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系給兩國人民帶來了實(shí)實(shí)在在的經(jīng)濟(jì)利益。今天，美國在華投資設(shè)立的企業(yè)已超過4萬家，投資額達(dá)450億美元。|美國500強(qiáng)企業(yè)有400多家進(jìn)入中國，大多數(shù)企業(yè)獲利豐厚。與此同時(shí)，在美國市場上，許多中國商品受到美國消費(fèi)者的青睞。中國在美國投資設(shè)立的企業(yè)已超過1000家。|咱們可以預(yù)見，中美貿(mào)易摩擦將隨著經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系的深化而凸顯，可是中美經(jīng)貿(mào)合作的整體開展是不可逆轉(zhuǎn)的。主要有兩個(gè)原因，其一：中美貿(mào)易具有很大互補(bǔ)性。其二：中國產(chǎn)品具有明顯的勞動力本錢優(yōu)勢。|Equalityandmutualbenefitisthefundamentalprincipleofinternationaltrade.Therefore,itisnormalthatcountrieswillseektoprotecttheirowninterests,whichmayleadtotradefrictionsanddisputes.Thekeyliesinhowtocopewiththeseissuescorrectlyinacoolandwisemanner.|AsforChina-UStrade,mutuallybeneficialandwin-wintradeandeconomictieshavedeliveredtangibleeconomicbenefitstothetwopeoples.Now,withover40,000U.S.-investedenterprises,thetotalinvestmentinchinastandsat$45billion.|Ofthetop500U.Scompanies,morethan400havetheirbusinessinchina,andmostofthemaremakinghandsomeprofit.Atthesametime,manyChinesecommoditieshavebecomefavoredchoicesofAmericanconsumers.Meanwhile,thenumberofChinese-investedenterprisesintheUnitedSateshassurpassed1,000.|WepredictthattradedisputesbetweenchinaandtheUnitedStateswillbecomemoreacutealongwiththefurtherdevelopmentinbilateraltradeandeconomiccooperation.Theoveralldevelopmentinbilateraltradeandeconomiccooperationis,however,irreversible.Therearetwofactorscontributetothistrend.Firstly,theSino-U.S.economicandtraderelationsenjoycomplementaritiesinvastfields.Secondly,chinahasanoutstandinglaborcostadvantage.|Passage13漢語常被以為是一種超級古老的語言。從某種意義上說，這種說法不免失之偏頗。人類所有的語言都可追溯到朦朧的史前時(shí)期，但目前咱們還無法肯定這些語言是不是都同宗同源。|五千年前華夏先人說漢語的方式同英語人士的先人說英語的方式大致相似。而從另一種意義上說，漢語確實(shí)也是一種很古老的語言。今天所存留下來的最先的漢字已有近四千年的歷史。|這些文字均為甲骨雕文。大局部銘文為神諭詔書，內(nèi)容多數(shù)與政治事件和宗教活動有關(guān)，有些那么是關(guān)于天氣和戰(zhàn)爭的記錄。|漢語有豐碩的古代文字作品，源遠(yuǎn)流長，遠(yuǎn)非其他一種語言的文字可與之媲美。一些最古老的文字屬象形文字。|Chineseisoftentermedaveryoldlanguage.Inasensesuchastatementismisleading.Allhumanlanguagesgobacktothedimuncertaintyofprehistory,andatpresentwehavenowayofknowingforsurewhetherornottheycanallbetracedbacktothesameroot.|FivethousandyearsagotheancestorsofChinesepeoplespokeanearlyformofChineselanguageinmuchthesamewaythattheancestorsofEnglish-speakingpeoplewereusinganearlyformoftheEnglishlanguage.Inasense,however,Chineseisindeedaveryoldlanguage.TheearliestwrittenformsofChineseinexistencetodaydatebacknearly4,000years.|Thesewritingsareincisionsonbonesandtortoiseshell.Mostoftheinscriptionsareoracular,dealingmostlywithpoliticalandreligiousevents,orwithweatherorwarfare.|Chinesehasanabundanceofancientwritingsthatreachbackcontinuouslyintimefurtherthanthewritingsofanyotherlanguageintheworld.SomeoftheearliestwrittenChinesecharacterswerequitepictographic.|Passage14咱們都知道信息存儲、傳輸和處置是提高社會整體開展水平的最重要的保障條件之一，也是世界各國高技術(shù)競爭的核心之一。但并非每一個(gè)人都知道，世界上最重要的信息是人類基因組提供的信息。|人類基因組包含著人類生、老、病、死的絕大多數(shù)遺傳信息，破譯這些信息將會在疾病的診斷、新藥物的研制、新療法的探索等領(lǐng)域引發(fā)一場革命。|一些科學(xué)家以為，破譯人類遺傳密碼的重要性不亞于人類登月的“阿波羅方案〞。人類基因組圖譜及初步分析結(jié)果的發(fā)布，對生物科學(xué)和生物技術(shù)的開展起著重要的推動作用。|咱們確信的是，35億年前高度復(fù)雜的分子DNA就出現(xiàn)了。DNA是地球上所有生命的根底，它有著像螺旋式樓梯一樣的雙螺旋構(gòu)造。|Weallknowthatinformationstorage,transmissionandprocessingconstitutesomeofthemostimportantguaranteeconditionsforenhancingthelevelofoverallsocialdevelopment,aswellasafocalpointinthecompetitionofhightechnologiesbetweenvariouscountries.Butnoteveryonerealizesthatthemostsignificantinformationreservoirisnootherthanthehumangenome.|Thehumangenomecontainsmostofthehereditaryinformationrelatedtot