（學(xué)生版）專題08 并列句和狀語從句-備戰(zhàn)2023年高考英語考試易錯題

專題08并列句和狀語從句—備戰(zhàn)2023年高考英語考試易錯題【導(dǎo)入】并列連詞和狀語從句解題思路：1.句型判斷法：細心審題，對號入座2.邏輯判斷法：準確理解句意，確定適當連詞技巧1連詞用法要熟記1.（2017·北京）—Peter,pleasesenduspostcardswe’llknowwhereyouhavevisited.—Noproblem.【解析】——Peter，請給我們寄一些明信片，這樣我們就能知道你去過哪里?！獩]有問題。根據(jù)語境可知，讓Peter寄明信片的目的是了解Peter去過哪里，此處表示目的，所以用so連接并列句。注意：不能誤填for，如果后半句表示原因可用for，且之前常有逗號隔開。【答案】so1．a(chǎn)nd用法示例意為“和，并且”，當連接三個或三個以上并列的成分時，一般在最后兩者之間加and，其余用逗號分開Solid,liquidandgasarethethreestatesofmatter.固態(tài)、液態(tài)和氣態(tài)是物質(zhì)的三種狀態(tài)?！癵o(come,stop等)＋and＋動詞原形”中，“and＋動詞原形”相當于“inorderto＋動詞原形”I'llgoandbringbackyourboots.＝I'llgoinordertobringbackyourboots.我去把你的靴子拿回來?！皠釉~＋and＋動詞”，前后為同一動詞，表示動作長時間地“繼續(xù)”或“重復(fù)”Wewaitedandwaited.我們等啊等。“祈使句＋and＋陳述句”相當于“if從句＋主句”Workhardandyouwillsucceed.＝Ifyouworkhard,youwillsucceed.努力工作，你就會成功。2．or用法示例表示選擇，意為“或，還是”Wouldyoupreferteaorcoffee？你喜歡茶還是咖啡？“祈使句＋or(else)＋陳述句”相當于“if…not＋主句”Dresswarmly,or(else)you'llcatchacold.穿暖和點兒，否則你會感冒的。3．表示對比、轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的并列連詞有but,yet,whereas,while等。?Helikespopmusic,whileIamfondoffolkmusic.他喜歡流行音樂，而我喜歡民間音樂。?Someofthestudiesshowpositiveresults,whereasothersnot.有一些研究結(jié)果令人滿意，然而其他的則不然?！咀⒁狻縝ut還可用于“I'msorrybut…”“Excusemebut…”句式中。?IamsorrybutIwon'tbeabletocometonight.對不起我今晚不能來。4．表示因果關(guān)系的并列連詞有so,for等。?Itmusthaverainedlastnight,foritiswetallover.昨晚一定下雨了，因為到處都是濕的。?Theshopswereclosed,soIdidn'tgetanymilk.商店都關(guān)門了，所以我沒買到牛奶。5．when也可用作并列連詞，常用于以下句式中：eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(bedoingsthwhen…正在做……這時……,beabouttodosthwhen…正打算做……這時……,beonthepointofdoingsthwhen…正要做……這時……,hadjustdonesthwhen…剛做完……這時……))?IhadjustfinishedmyhomeworkwhenTomcametome.我剛寫完作業(yè)，Tom就來找我了。6．both…and…，neither…nor…，notonly…butalso…等。?Hespokewithbothkindnessandunderstanding.他說話既親切又善解人意。?NeitherTomnorHelenishard-working.Tom和Helen都不勤奮。（2017·乙卷（全國Ⅰ）改錯）Beforegettingintothecar,IthoughtIhadlearnedtheinstructor’sorders,soonceIstartedthecar,mymindwentblank.2.（2017·丙卷(全國Ⅲ)改錯）Ihavegrownnotonlyphysically,andalsomentallyinthepastfewyears.3.XiaoMingtookhiscellphonetoschooland①playedcellphoneinclass，so②hisheadteacherwasveryangry.HesaidtoXiaoMing，“Othersarestudyinghardwhile③youareplayinghard.Youeitherquitschoolorbreakthecellphone.④”XiaoMingdidn’twanttobreakhiscellphonebut⑤hecouldn’tquitschool.Hethoughttohimself，“Breakit，orIwillbedismissed.⑥”Ifhewasdismissed，notonlywouldhismothercrybutalsohisfatherwoulddeliverhimaspanking①.說出劃線連詞在句中的邏輯意義：____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________技巧2依據(jù)句子邏輯確定狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞1.（2020·全國卷Ⅲ）___65___heaskedthevillagersonthebanksoftheriverwherehecouldfindthelegendary(傳奇的)artist,theysmiledand___66___(point)downtheriver.【解析】考查連接詞。句意：當他問河岸上的村民，他在哪里可以找到這位傳奇藝術(shù)家時，他們笑著指著河的下游。本句為時間狀語從句，表示“當……時候”，且從句中動詞asked為短暫性動作動詞，不能用while引導(dǎo)，故應(yīng)用when或as引導(dǎo)。句首單詞首字母要大寫?！敬鸢浮縒hen/As1.【2016·浙江】_______onlineshoppinghaschangedourlife,notallofitseffectshavebeenpositive.A.SinceB.AfterC.WhileD.Unless2.（2017·北京）Ifyoudon’tunderstandsomething,youmayresearch,study,andtalktootherpeopleyoufigureitout.技巧3注意固定句式中的連詞1.Theyserveasanimportantdrivingforceforlocaleconomicandsocialdevelopment,whileactingasabridgebetweenQuanzhou____________thewiderworld.【解析】and考查并列連詞。句意：他們是當?shù)亟?jīng)濟和社會發(fā)展的重要驅(qū)動力，同時也是泉州與世界的橋梁。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處應(yīng)填并列連詞。between...and...為固定搭配，意為“在……之間”，故填and?！敬鸢浮縜nd1.Somepeopleareabletoloseweightonhigh-proteindietsintheshort-termbutthisweightlossisnotduetoeatingmoreanimalprotein,____________simplyduetoconsumingfewercalories.2.Lifeisn'tperfectandit'salwayshard,____________weneedremindersinourlifefromfriends,authors,bloggers,pastorsorourinnerspiritstorefocusonthethingsthatmatterandmakeuslivepositively.基礎(chǔ)夯實考點一并列連詞?？嫉牟⒘羞B詞表示轉(zhuǎn)折、對比關(guān)系but,yet（然而）,while（然而，強調(diào)對比或轉(zhuǎn)折）Iwasneververyneat,whilemyroommateKatewasextremelyorganized.我從來不是一個很愛整潔的人，然而我的室友凱特卻極有條理。IwasdrivingdowntoLondonwhenIsuddenlyfoundthatIwasonthewrongroad.我正在開車去倫敦，這時我突然發(fā)現(xiàn)自己走錯了路。表示并列關(guān)系and,both...and...,notonly...but（also）...,neither...nor...等表示選擇關(guān)系or,either...or...,notbut表示因果關(guān)系so,for（一般不放在句首）特殊并列連詞及并列句when可用作并列連詞，意為“這時，那時”，相當于andatthis/thattime。常用于下列句式：①beabouttodosth.when...某人正要做某事，這時突然……②beonthepointofdoingsth.when...某人正要做某事，這時突然……③bedoingsth.when...某人正在做某事，這時突然……④sb.hadjustdonesth.when...某人剛做完某事，這時突然……“祈使句＋and/or＋陳述句”，有時祈使句部分也可用名詞短語考點二狀語從句一、時間狀語從句1.when/while/as引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句whenwhen引導(dǎo)的從句的謂語動詞為延續(xù)性動詞或非延續(xù)性動詞。從句的動作和主句的動作可以同時發(fā)生，也可以先后發(fā)生。IlovedhistorywhenIwasatschool.我上學(xué)時喜歡歷史。whilewhile引導(dǎo)的從句常用延續(xù)性動詞或表示狀態(tài)的動詞。從句的動作與主句的動作同時發(fā)生。Whilesomepeoplearemotivatedbyaneedforsuccess,othersaremotivatedbyafearoffailure.當一些人被成功的需要驅(qū)動的時候,另一些人卻被失敗的恐懼驅(qū)動著。asas可表示從句的動作與主句的動作同時發(fā)生或交替進行,可譯為“一邊……,一邊……;隨著……”。Astheaverageageofthepopulationincreases,therearemoreandmoreoldpeopletocarefor.隨著人口平均年齡的增長,有越來越多的老年人需要照顧。2.表示“一……就……”的連詞引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句1）assoonas,themoment,theminute,theinstant,immediately,directly等Themomentmyauntgainedherdiplomaafterfouryearsofhardwork,shewasfilledwithjoy.我阿姨苦讀四年之后獲得了文憑，那一刻她欣喜萬分。2）在hardly...when...,nosooner...than...結(jié)構(gòu)中，主句用過去完成時，than或when所在的從句用一般過去時。Ihadhardlygottotheofficewhenmywifephonedmetogobackhomeatonce.我剛到辦公室，妻子就打電話讓我立刻回家。3.before,since引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句1）before表示“在……之前；還未……就……；還沒有來得及……就……”。常用句式：①Itwillbe/was＋一段時間＋before...要過/過了……時間才……；②Itwon’tbe/wasn’t＋一段時間＋before...要不了多久就/沒過多久就……。Ifyoumissthischance,itwillbeyearsbeforeyougetanotherone.如果你錯過了這個機會,那要過很多年你才能獲得另一個。2）since意為“自從……以來”，常用句式：Itis/hasbeen＋一段時間＋since從句（常用過去時）。since從句的時態(tài)若是一般過去時，主句的時態(tài)常為一般現(xiàn)在時、現(xiàn)在完成時或現(xiàn)在完成進行時。Asisreported,itisover100yearssinceTsinghuaUniversitywasfounded.據(jù)報道，自清華大學(xué)建立以來已有一百多年了。4.till/until引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句主句是肯定句時，until/till表示“直到……為止”，其主句謂語動詞必須為延續(xù)性動詞；主句是否定句時，not...until/till...表示“直到……才……”，not所在的主句的謂語動詞必須為非延續(xù)性動詞。until可用于句首，而till不能。Ifyoudon’tunderstandsomething,youmayresearchandtalktootherpeopleuntilyoufigureitout.如果你不理解某事，你可以去調(diào)查并和其他人討論，直到你把它弄明白。5.everytime，eachtime,nexttime,thefirsttime，bythetime等引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句Bythetimeyouhavefinishedthisbook,yourmealwillgetcold.等你看完這本書,你的飯就涼了。二、讓步狀語從句1.although,though,as和while引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句Althoughthesemeasuresarenoteffectiveforever,theyarevitalfornow.雖然這些措施并不能永遠有效，但它們目前是至關(guān)重要的。Hotas/thoughthenightairwas,wesleptdeeplybecauseweweresotiredafterthelongjourney.夜晚的空氣雖然很熱，但我們睡得很沉，因為長途旅行之后我們太累了。易錯提示1）though引導(dǎo)的從句可用倒裝語序，也可不倒裝；although引導(dǎo)的從句不倒裝；as引導(dǎo)的從句用倒裝語序：表語/狀語/謂語中的實義動詞＋as＋主語＋其他，若表語是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，前置時要省略冠詞。2）while引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句一般置于句首。2.evenif與eventhough引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句evenif/eventhough引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時，表示語氣更強的讓步，意為“即使，即便”。Timisingoodshapephysicallyeventhough/evenifhedoesn’tgetmuchexercise.盡管蒂姆不怎么鍛煉，但他身體狀態(tài)很好。3.“疑問詞-ever”引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句“疑問詞-ever”引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時，相當于nomatter+疑問詞。However/Nomatterhowhardyoutry,itisdifficulttoloseweightwithoutcuttingdowntheamountyoueat.不管你多么努力，不減少飯量，減肥很難。4.whether...or...引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句whether...or...意為“不管是……還是……”。該復(fù)合連詞引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句表示正反兩個方面的可能性都不會影響主句的意向或結(jié)果。Allpeople,whethertheyareoldoryoung,richorpoor,havebeentryingtheirbesttohelpthoseinneedsincethedisaster.所有人，無論年老還是年輕，富裕還是貧窮，都一直在盡他們所能幫助災(zāi)后需要幫助的人們。三、其他狀語從句條件狀語從句if,unless（如果不,除非）,so/aslongas（只要）,onconditionthat（條件是）,incase（萬一）,supposing（假如）,provided/providing（如果）Youwon’tgetpaidfortimeoffunlessyouhaveadoctor’snote.除非你有醫(yī)生的證明，否則你不上班便拿不到工資。Hehadhiscamerareadyincasehesawsomethingthatwouldmakeagoodpicture.他準備好了照相機，以防看到一些能夠拍成好照片的東西。As/Sinceyouwereout,Ileftamessage.你不在，所以我留了一張字條。IfoundallthemissingthingswhereIhadleftthem.我在丟東西的地方找到了所有丟失的東西。原因狀語從句because,as,since,nowthat,consideringthat（考慮到,鑒于）目的狀語從句sothat,inorderthat,incase（以防）結(jié)果狀語從句sothat,so...that...,such...that...地點狀語從句where,wherever方式狀語從句as（按照）,asif/asthough（好像）比較狀語從句than,notas/so...as...模擬演練Ⅰ、單項選擇1．Takeataxi,you'llmissyourtrain.A．a(chǎn)nd B．if C．otherwise D．but2．Don’tuseyourmobilephonewhilecharging,______youmaybeshockedbyelectricity.A．or B．a(chǎn)nd C．but D．yet3.Nearlythreemonthshadgoneby_________theseriouslyinjuredgirlshowedaslightsignofrecovery.A．until B．beforeC．since D．a(chǎn)fter4.Thoughitis5years________heretiredfromhisworkplace,theoldprofessorremainsactiveintheacademiccircles.A．when B．that C．before D．since5.________hepassedawayin1961,MeiLanfanghadbeenperformingandencouragingthespreadofPekingOperaforalmost60years.A．Once B．As C．Until D．Since6．________everyonehaslefttheparty,weneedtostartcleaning.A．Before B．Whenever C．Nowthat D．Incase7．______youhavethechancetoproveyourabilities,whynotmakefulluseofit?A．Evenif B．Assoonas C．Nowthat D．Aslongas8．Severalyearslater,HelenandZhouMeimetagaininNewYorkandtheypickeduptheirfriendship________itleftoff.A．where B．what C．how. D．when9．1studyItalian________IwouldbeabletoreadDanteintheoriginal.A．sothat B．eventhough C．incase D．a(chǎn)sif10．—Whatdoyouthinkoftheteacher?—______sheiselegant,shecanbeextremelydifficulttodealwith.A．Evenif B．As C．Because D．While11．________agreatmanypeopleliketheconvenienceofusingWeChattocommunicatewitheachother,toomanyjunkmessagesonitmaymakethembored.A．How B．When C．Since D．While12．Anumberofhighbuildingshavearisen________therewasnothingayearagobutruins.A．where B．which C．that D．when13．Wewillgocampingthisweekend________theweatherisgood.A．solongas B．a(chǎn)sfaras C．forfearthat D．nowthat14．1haveheardmanyyoungpeoplesaytheyneverfullyappreciatedtheirmothers________itwastoolatetotellthem.A．a(chǎn)s B．that C．until D．when15．________richonemaybe.thereisalwayssomethingonewants.A．Whatever B．Whenever C．However D．Wherever16．Weallneedtogetinvolvedinsavingenergy________it'satwork,athome,oratschool.A．unless B．once C．whether D．because17．thingshadbeentoughwhenhewasinschool,hegraduatedfromcollegewiththehighesthonor.A．If B．While C．Because D．As18．Ionlytakeonworkthatexcitesmeitmeansturningdownlotsofmoney.A．a(chǎn)sif B．incase C．nowthat D．evenif19．—Mikeis___________honestboythatallofuslikehim.A．such B．so C．suchan D．soan20．_______I’mwillingtohelp,Idon’thavemuchtimeavailable.A．As B．While C．Asthough D．Since21．Ifyoudon’tgraspthischance,itmaybeyears______yougetanotherone.A．before B．since C．until D．unless22．---Howlongwillitbe________yourbrotherattendsuniversity?---Halfamonth.A．since B．before C．until D．when23．Wewereallconfusedwhyheleftthejob____hewassowellpaidinthatbigcompany.A．if B．until C．once D．when24．Ifyouaretravelling____________customsarereallyforeigntoyou,pleasedoastheRomansdo.A．where B．when C．that D．which25．Twoyearsago,anewschoolwassetup_________therehadoncebeenafactory.A．that B．when C．which D．whereⅡ、語法填空1._____________difficultieswemeet,wecanworkthemout.(用適當?shù)脑~填空)2.Beingequippedwithrichexperience,____________itisfrombooksorpractice,willmakehimwellpreparedforhisfuturecareer.(用適當?shù)膯卧~填空)3.TheXiamenoftodayisstillchanging,sorapidly,infact,_________________mapsofthecitybecomeoutdatedalmostassoonasthey_________________(publish).(用適當?shù)膯卧~和所給詞的適當形式填空)4．Themotherheldthebabyinherfrontpawsmuchthewayahumandoes.________itcried,sherockeditbackandforthandgaveitlittlecomfortingpats.5．Overtime,________thepopulationgrew,peoplebegancuttingfoodintosmallpiecessoitwouldcookmorequickly.6.Seniorcitizensarethefirsttocometoourmindwhenyouthinkofhearingloss,butinarecentreport,hearingprofessionalsworryteenagerswillsoonoutnumberagingadults______itcomestolivingwithhearingloss.7.Theyputonprotectivesuitsandgloves______theyenteredthebuilding.8．MymotherisalwayswarningmewhenIgoout,“Don'tgetoffthebus________itisrunning．”9．Ihadhardlyrungthebell________thedoorwasopenedsuddenly,andmysonrushedouttogreetme．10．Iwon'tlendyoumycar________youpromiseyouwillnotdriveafterdrinking．11．Hehadtosellhisluxurycar,________hiscompanywasindebt．12.Itwillbeoftenalongtime______yourfriendfullyremovesthatmemory，sodon'tbedisappointedifitdoesn'thappenimmediately.13.Heknewthatcholerawouldnotbecontrolled______itscausewasfound.14.Today,heissogoodatwoodcarving______hishomecityallowshimtoworkhismagiconoldtreestumpsandsofarabout40worksofarthavebeencreatedinthelocalparks.15.Thefearisthat______wedon’tstarttakingthislitteroutoftheskysoon,itwillbecomeasignificantthreattoactivesatellites.16.Wemustlearnbyusingthelanguage.______wearesatisfiedwithonlyafewruleswehavememorized,wearenotreallylearningthelanguage.Ⅲ、短文填空閱讀下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填入一個適當?shù)脑~或使用括號中詞語的正確形式填空。Forages,embroidery（刺繡）1．（know）asawoman’sjob.However,likeanygoodfashiondesigner,ZhangYandarestobedifferent.Inthelastthreemonths,the25-year-old’sworkhashitNewYorkandchangedtheimpressionaboutmenandneedlework.HisshowinNewYorkwascalledFusheng，2．means“afloatinglife”.It3．（feature）thinsilkandSuzhouembroidery.Zhangexplainedhismethodandtechnique4．thereporterofCGTN.Heusedafirm,transparentsilktosymbolizethetwocharacteristicsof5．（flexible）andsteadiness.Theserefertothetwoperiodsofourlives-whenweareyoungandwhenwegrowup.Intheshow,about100childrencameuptothecatwalkwithChineseclassicalmusic.TheyworeclotheswithtraditionalChinesepatterns,6．goldfishanddragons,symbolizinggoodluckandstrength.Zhang’spathtosuccessisnoteasy.It’sajourneyfullofsweatandtears.7．（inspire）bymuseumpieces,Zhanghasspentaboutfouryearslearningtoembroideronqipao.Zhangwantstobringembroiderytotheworldofhighdesign,8．（give）fullplaytotheclassicalbeauty.9．handlingthetinyneedlewithhisbighandswasn’teasyatfirst,afterthreetofiveyearsofpractice,Zhangsaidhehad10．（great）improvedhiswork,intermsofbothappearanceanddetail.“I’mtryingtobeenthusiastic,stayinterestedandkeepmovingonandon.”真題演練【2022年】1（2022新高考I卷）Afterathree-yearpilotperiod,theGPNPwillbeofficiallysetupnextyear.TheGPNPisdesignedtoreflecttheguidingprincipleof“protectingtheauthenticityandintegrity(完整性)ofnaturalecosystems,preservingbiologicaldiversity,protectingecologicalbufferzones,__________leavingbehindpreciousnaturalassets(資產(chǎn))forfuturegenerations”.2（2022新高考II卷）Hehungonforafewminutes___________screamedforhisfather,buthisfatherdidn'thearhim.【2021年】1．（2021·天津卷）Weallneedtogetinvolvedinsavingenergy________it'satwork,athome,oratschool.A．unless B．once C．whether D．because2．（2021·天津卷）WhatpuzzlesLily'sfriendsis________shealwayshassomanycrazyideas.A．whether B．why C．what D．when3.（2021·全國乙卷短文改錯）Ilovedoinghousework.Ialwaysassistmyparentsindoingthedishesaftermeals.Ialsowatertheflowersintheyardandtidyupmyownbedroomwhatevernecessary.4.（2021·浙江1月卷）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個單詞）或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Inastudyof33yearsoftrendsinBodyMassIndex(體重指數(shù))across200countries,thescientistsfoundthatpeopleworldwidearegettingheavier28．thatmostoftheriseisduetogainsinBMIinruralareas.BMIisaninternationallyrecognizedmeasurementtool29．givesanindicationofwhethersomeoneisahealthyweight.Itiscalculatedbydividinga30．(person)weightinkgbytheirheightinmeterssquared.andaBMIofbetween19and2531．(consider)healthy.Thestudyfoundthatbetween1985and2017,averageruralBMIincreased32．2.1inwomenandmen.Incities,however,thegain33．(be)1.3inwomenand1.6inmen.Theresearchersdescribed“strikingchanges”inthegeographyofBMI.Tn1985，urbanmenandwomeninmorethanthreequartersofthecountries34．(study)hadhigherBMIsthanmenandwomeninruralareas.But30yearslater,theBMIdifferencebetweenurbanandruralpeopleinmanycountrieshadnarrowed35．(sharp).Thismaybeduetosomedisadvantagesforpeople36．(live)inthecountryside,including37．(low)levelsofincomeandeducation,highercostsofhealthyfoods,andfewersportsfacilities.【2020年】1.（2020·江蘇卷）Theydecidetohavemoreworkersfortheproject____itwon’tbedelayed.A.evenif B.asif C.nowthat D.sothat【2019年】1.【2019·江蘇卷】Thedoctorshareshisphonenumberwiththepatients__________theyneedmedicalassistance.A.ifonly B.asif C.eventhough D.incase2.【2019·天津卷】Tomissoindependentthatheneveraskshisparents'opinion_________hewantstheirsupport.A.since B.onceC.unless D.after3.【2019·新課標I卷】Suddenlyfootballfeeljustinfrontofmebutalmosthitme.4.【2019·新課標II卷】Idon'tseeanyreasontogiveupwork.IlovecominghereandseeingmyfamilyandallthefriendsIhavemade_(make)overtheyears.IworknotbecauseIhaveto,___67___becauseIwantto.”5.【2019·新課標III卷】Onourwaytothehouse，itwasraining___61___hardthatwecouldn'thelpwonderinghowlongitwouldtaketoget(get)there.ItwasinthemiddleofPearlCity.【2018年】1.【2018·江蘇】_______you

can

sleep

well,

you

will

lose

the

ability

to

focus,

plan

and

staymotivated

afteroneor

two

nights.A.Once B.Unless C.If D.When2.【2018·天津】Let'snotpickthesepeachesuntilthisweekend___________theygetsweetenoughtobeeaten.A.eversince B.asif C.