動機與工作教學課件

動機與工作41、實際上，我們想要的不是針對犯罪的法律，而是針對瘋狂的法律?！R克·吐溫42、法律的力量應當跟隨著公民，就像影子跟隨著身體一樣?！惪ɡ麃?3、法律和制度必須跟上人類思想進步?！芨ミd44、人類受制于法律，法律受制于情理?！小じ焕?5、法律的制定是為了保證每一個人自由發(fā)揮自己的才能，而不是為了束縛他的才能?！_伯斯庇爾動機與工作動機與工作41、實際上，我們想要的不是針對犯罪的法律，而是針對瘋狂的法律。——馬克·吐溫42、法律的力量應當跟隨著公民，就像影子跟隨著身體一樣?！惪ɡ麃?3、法律和制度必須跟上人類思想進步?！芨ミd44、人類受制于法律，法律受制于情理?！小じ焕?5、法律的制定是為了保證每一個人自由發(fā)揮自己的才能，而不是為了束縛他的才能?！_伯斯庇爾Myers’PSYCHOLOGY

Chapter12MotivationandWorkMotivationMotivationaneedordesirethatenergizesanddirectsbehaviorInstinctcomplexbehaviorthatisrigidlypatternedthroughoutaspeciesandisunlearnedMaslow’sHierarchyofNeedsbeginsatthebasewithphysiologicalneedsthatmustfirstbesatisfiedthenhigher-levelsafetyneedsbecomeactivethenpsychologicalneedsbecomeactiveSelf-actualizationneedsNeedtoliveuptoone’s

fullestanduniquepotentialEsteemneedsNeedforself-esteem,achievement,competence,andindependence;needforrecognitionandrespectfromothers

SafetyneedsNeedtofeelthattheworldisorganizedandpredictable;needtofeelsafe,secure,andstableBelongingnessandloveneedsNeedtoloveandbeloved,tobelongandbeaccepted;needtoavoidlonelinessandalienationPhysiologicalneedsNeedtosatisfyhungerandthirstMotivation-HungerStomachcontractionsaccompanyourfeelingsofhungerMotivation-HungerGlucosetheformofsugarthatcirculatesinthebloodprovidesthemajorsourceofenergyforbodytissueswhenitslevelislow,wefeelhungerMotivation-HungerSetPointthepointatwhichanindividual’s“weightthermostat”issupposedlysetwhenthebodyfallsbelowthisweight,anincreaseinhungerandaloweredmetabolicratemayacttorestorethelostweightBasalMetabolicRatebody’sbaserateofenergyexpenditureMotivation-HungerThehypothalamuscontrolseatingandotherbodymaintenancefunctionsMotivation-HungerEatingDisordersAnorexiaNervosawhenanormal-weightpersondietsandbecomessignificantly(>15%)underweight,yet,stillfeelingfat,continuestostarveusuallyanadolescentfemaleBulimiaNervosadisordercharacterizedbyepisodesofovereating,usuallyofhigh-caloriefoods,followedbyvomiting,laxativeuse,fasting,orexcessiveexerciseWomen’sBodyImagesSexualMotivationSexaphysiologicallybasedmotive,likehunger,butitismoreaffectedbylearningandvaluesSexualResponseCyclethefourstagesofsexualrespondingdescribedbyMastersandJohnsonexcitementplateauorgasmresolutionSexualMotivationRefractoryPeriodrestingperiodafterorgasm,duringwhichamancannotachieveanotherorgasmEstrogenasexhormone,secretedingreateramountsbyfemalesthanbymales

ForcesAffectingSexualMotivationSexualMotivationSamedrives,differentattitudesSexualMotivationBirthstounwedparentsSexualMotivationSexualOrientationanenduringsexualattractiontowardmembersofeitherone’sowngender(homosexualorientation)ortheothergender(heterosexualorientation)SexualMotivationSexualMotivationMotivationatWorkFlowacompletely,involved,focusedstateofconsciousness,withdiminishedawarenessofselfandtime,resultingfromoptimalengagementofone’sskillsIndustrial/Organizational(I/O)PsychologytheapplicationofpsychologicalconceptsandmethodstooptimizinghumanbehaviorinworkplacesMotivationatWorkPersonnelPsychologysub-fieldofI-Opsychologythatfocusesonemployeerecruitment,selection,placement,training,appraisal,anddevelopmentOrganizationalPsychologySub-fieldofI-OpsychologythatexaminesorganizationalinfluencesonworkersatisfactionandproductivityandfacilitatesorganizationalchangeMotivationatWorkMotivationatWorkStructuredInterviewprocessthatasksthesamejob-relevantquestionsofallapplicantsratedonestablishedscalesAchievementMotivationadesireforsignificantaccomplishmentformasteryofthings,people,orideasforattainingahighstandardMotivationatWorkPersonnelpsychologists’tasksMotivationatWork360-degreefeedbackMotivationatWorkOntherightpathMotivationTaskLeadershipgoal-orientedleadershipthatsetsstandards,organizeswork,andfocusesattentionongoalsSocialLeadershipgroup-orientedleadershipthatbuildsteamwork,mediatesconflict,andofferssupportMotivationTheoryXassumesthatworkersarebasicallylazy,error-prone,andextrinsicallymotivatedbymoneyworkersshouldbedirectedfromaboveTheoryYassumesthat,givenchallengeandfreedom,workersaremotivatedtoachieveself-esteema