高中英語必修4unit4語法V-ing作狀語講解名師優(yōu)質(zhì)課獲獎(jiǎng)市賽課一等獎(jiǎng)?wù)n件

Unit4ThePresentParticipleasAdverbial（現(xiàn)在分詞做狀語）第1頁

Ⅰ.RevisionofIng’sfunction:1.Thesleepingboyisdisturbed.2.Isawtheboycheatingintheexam.3.Seeingisbelieving.4.Myjobisteaching.5.Theyfocusonkeepingtheirsoilrichandfreeofdisease.AttributeObjectivecomplementSubjectPredicativeObject第2頁Ⅱ.課文中出現(xiàn)Ing句子，分析其所做成份。Isawseveralyoungpeopleenterthewaitingarealookingaroundcuriously

Istoodforaminutewatchingthemandwenttogreetthem.3.Shesteppedbackappearingsurprised…4.ThenAkiraNagatafromJapancameinsmiling,togetherwith…5.WhenDarleneCoulonfromFrancecamedashingthroughthedoor.狀語描述動詞=副詞第3頁1.Assoonastheyheardthebell,they

rushedoutoftheroom.=Hearing

thebell,

theyrushedoutof….2.Ashewasrathersleepy,hedidn’thearthebell.Beingrathersleepy,hedidn’t

hearthebell.was-be-being3.Ashedidn’thearthebell,hedidn’t

rushedoutoftheclassroom.Nothearingthebell,hedidn’t

rushedoutoftheclassroom.動詞-ing形式能夠作狀語,否定式：Not+doing/being

第4頁

Ⅲ.ThePresentParticipleasAdverbial1)表方式、伴隨情況地狀語：Theywentintotheclassroomlaughingandtalking.(theywentintotheclassroom,andlaughedandtalked.)Hesatonthesofa,watchingTV.(=Hesatonthesofa,andwatchedTV.)與謂語所表示動作（或狀態(tài)）同時(shí)發(fā)生，或是對謂語表示動詞（或狀態(tài)）作深入地補(bǔ)充說明。第5頁Walkinginthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.(=WhenIwaswalkinginthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.)Havingfinishedhishomework,hebegantoplaycomputergames.(=Afterhehadfinishedhishomework,hebegantoplaycomputergames.)2）表時(shí)間狀語第6頁3)表原因狀語

Beingill,hedidn’tgotoschool.(=Because/Ashewasill,hedidn’tgotoschool.)Beingastudent,youshouldstudyhard.(=Sinceyouareastudent,youshouldstudyhard.)第7頁4)表?xiàng)l件Workinghard,youwilldowellintheexam.Ifyouworkhard,youwilldowellintheexam.5)表結(jié)果Unfortunatelythefatherdied,leavingthefamilyevenworseoff.Unfortunatelythefatherdiedandleftthefamilyevenworseoff.第8頁注意：現(xiàn)在分詞與不定式都可作結(jié)果狀語，試比較：Theircarwascaughtinatraffic,causingthedelay.Hehurriedtothepostofficeonlytofinditwasclosed.

現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語，表示自然結(jié)果，不定式作狀語，表示出乎意料結(jié)果。第9頁

試判斷以下狀語:1.Tomlefthomequiteearly,hopinghecouldcatchthefirstbus.

...,andhoped…

2.Notknowingwhattodo,weaskedMr.Smithforsomeadvice.

Becausewedidn’tknow…3.Arrivingatthestation,hefoundthetrainhadleft.

Whenhearrivedat…

（伴隨/方式）（原因）（時(shí)間）第10頁Ⅳ.現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語其形式改變現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語要注意它各種形式改變:主動形式被動形式

V-ingbeingV-edhavingV-edhavingbeenV-ed

普通式完成式第11頁

Afterhehadcomeoutofprison,hecouldn’tliveinpeace.

Havingcomeoutofprison,hecouldn’tliveinpeace.假如要強(qiáng)調(diào)動詞-ing動作(comeoutofprison)發(fā)生在謂語動詞(live)之前，慣用-ing完成式。doing-havingdone

第12頁

Aswehadn’tfinishedtheexperiment,weplannedtocarryitonlater.

Nothavingfinishedtheexperiment,weplannedtocarryitonlater.

Nothavingdone/been第13頁1.WhilewatchingTV,____________.A.thedoorbellrang.

B.weheardthedoorbellring.B.2.____fromthetopofthemountain,the

cityismorebeautiful.A.SeeingB.SeenB.用-ing作狀語，ing邏輯主語與句子主語必須保持一致。3.Hearingthenews,____.

A.tearscametohereyesB.SheburstintotearsB.第14頁試判斷以下句子正誤:WhilewatchingTV,Iheardthebellrang.WhilewatchingTV,thebellrang.TWhileIwaswatchingTV,Iheardthebellrang.FWhileIwaswatchingTV,thebellrang.第15頁注意：現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞都可作狀語，怎樣區(qū)分？試比較：Seeingfromthemountain,wefindthecityisSmall.Seenfromthemountain,thecityissmall.現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞做狀語，主要看句子主語與分詞關(guān)系。假如是主動關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞，假如是動賓關(guān)系，用過去分詞。第16頁Ⅴ.

獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)動詞ing形式邏輯主語和主句主語不一致怎么辦？

Ifweather

permits,we’llhaveanoutingnextweek.

Weather

permitting,we’llhaveanoutingnextweek.(表?xiàng)l件)

獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)：名詞/代詞+非謂語非謂語形式只與在它前面名詞或代詞相關(guān)第17頁Ⅵ.獨(dú)立成份：有些現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，在句中沒有邏輯上主語而獨(dú)立存在，用來修飾主句，表明說話者態(tài)度、觀點(diǎn)等，被稱為評論性狀語或懸垂分詞。常見分詞短語有：generally(frankly,honestly…)speaking,supposing(假設(shè)),judgingfrom(從…判斷),talkingof（談到),speakingof(談到)，considering(考慮到……,鑒于……)等。第18頁1.Generallyspeaking,girlsaremorecarefulthanboys.2.Supposing

youlose,whatwillyoudo?3.Judgingfromhisaccent,hemustbefromthenorth.4.Talkingoftravel,haveyoueverbeentoBeijing?第19頁歸納總結(jié)：動詞ing形式作狀語：相當(dāng)于對應(yīng)狀語從句動詞-ing形式邏輯主語與句子主語必須一致動詞-ing形式與句子主語之間構(gòu)詞主動關(guān)系第20頁1.Hegotuplateandhurriedtohisoffice,_________thebreakfastuntouched.

left

B.toleave C.leaving D.havingleft2.Thesecretaryworkedlateintothenight,

_____alongspeechforthepresident.toprepare

B.preparingC.

prepared

D.waspreparing【模擬練習(xí)】第21頁3.Thetrainerappeared,_______bysixlittledogs.4.______moreencouragement,theboycouldhavebehavedbetter.

A.GivenB.GivingC.Give

D.havinggiven

A.tofollowedB.followingC.followedD.havingfollowed第22頁5.Pressedfromhisparents,and______thathehaswastedtoomuchtime,theboyisdeterminedtostopplayingvideogames.realizing

B.realizedC.torealize

D.beingrealized6.

toworkove