新概念英語第三冊Lesson+4學(xué)習(xí)筆記

新概念英語第三冊第四課學(xué)習(xí)筆記Thesedays,peoplewhodomanualworkoftenreceivefarmoremoneythanpeoplewhoworkinoffices.Peoplewhoworkinofficesarefrequentlyreferredtoas"white-collarworkers'forthesimplereasonthattheyusuallywearacollarandtietogotowork.Suchishumannature,thatagreatmanypeopleareoftenwillingtosacrificehigherpayfortheprivilegeofbecomingwhite-collarworkers.Thiscangiverisetocurioussituations,asitdidinthecaseofAlfredBloggswhoworkedasadustmanfortheEllesmereCorporation.Whenhegotmarried,Alfwastooembarrassedtosayanythingtohiswifeabouthisjob.HesimplytoldherthatheworkedfortheCorporation.Everymorning,helefthomedressedinasmartblacksuit.Hethenchangedintooverallsandspentthenexteighthoursasadustman.Beforereturninghomeatnight.Hetookashowerandchangedbackintohissuit.AlfdidthisforovertwoyearsandhisfellowdustmenkepthissecretAlf'swifehasneverdiscoveredthatshemarriedadustmanandsheneverwill,forAlfhasjustfoundanotherjob.Hewillsoonbeworkinginanoffice.Hewillbeearningonlyhalfasmuchasheusedto,buthefeelsthathisriseinstatusiswellworththelossofmoney.Fromnowon,hewillwearasuitalldayandotherswillcallhim'Mr.Bloggs',not'Alf'.Part1:Lead-inquestion:Q:WhydidAlfwantawhite-collarjob?A:Itwashigherinstatusthanthedustman.Part2:WordsandExpressions1.double:雙的doubleroom/bed雙人房/床441322（doublefouronethreeanddoubletwo）問題來了：雙下巴怎么說？double-chin雙下巴雙重的：doublestandard/doublelife:雙重標(biāo)準(zhǔn)/雙重生活2.manual:體力的體力勞動者：manualwork/labour腦力勞動者：mentalwork/labour知識工作者：knowledgeworker3.white-collar:白領(lǐng)（腦力勞動者）blue-collar:藍(lán)領(lǐng)（體力勞動者）pink-collar:粉領(lǐng)(指由婦女所從事的工作，如護(hù)士，秘書等)gold-collar:金領(lǐng)（具備獨(dú)特或?qū)ｉT才能,在公司中起關(guān)鍵作用的雇員）4.sacrifice:v.犧牲，獻(xiàn)出(giveup)sacrificeone'slifeforthecountry.sacrificesth.forsth.許多女性為了家庭犧牲了工作。Manywomensacrificetheircareersfortheirfamily.Sacrificesthtosb/sthShesacrificedherfamilytomarryhim.5.curious奇怪的Shewaswearingacurioussmileonherface.她臉上掛著奇怪的笑容好奇的Babiesarecuriousabouteverythingaroundthem.6.smart聰明的；好看的，精致的。asmartrestaurant.Smart+Artisan組合創(chuàng)意詞，意為智能機(jī)時(shí)代的工匠Part3:SentenceStructureSuchishumannature,thatagreatmanypeopleareoftenwillingtosacrificehigherpayfortheprivilegeofbecomingwhite-collarworkers.這句話為倒裝句，正常語序?yàn)镠umannatureissuchthat....Suchislife.（這就是生活）。such放句首要倒裝。Part3:Culture社會一般分為三個(gè)階層，upperclass(上層社會)，middleclass（中層社會），和lowerclass（底層社會）如何區(qū)分一個(gè)人處于社會哪個(gè)階層呢？可以從以下三點(diǎn)來區(qū)分。1、clothes.一個(gè)人的穿著打扮往往可以看出來他是屬于社會哪個(gè)階層的。比如白領(lǐng)一般整天西裝革履(Wearacollarandtieeveryday),而藍(lán)領(lǐng)穿工服（inoveralls）Youarewhatyouwear.2、稱謂。文中最后一句也可以看到Alf社會階層的變化會帶來稱呼上的變化。如做清潔工的時(shí)候，別人會直呼其名Alf，變成白領(lǐng)以后，別人會叫他Mr.Bloggs.3、accent.口音。Assoonasyouopenyourmouth,peoplewillknowwhichclassareyoufrom你一開口,就暴露了等級和階層.劇作家蕭伯納的《賣花女》改編成電影后由赫本主演，講一個(gè)賣花的底層少女通過學(xué)習(xí)貴族的口音偽裝進(jìn)入上流社會。這本書的序言中寫道，“英國人一開口說話，就會激起另一個(gè)英國人的妒恨或鄙夷之情?！盧eceivedPronunci