安徽省十校聯(lián)盟2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期8月開學(xué)摸底考英語(yǔ) Word版含解析

安徽省十校聯(lián)盟2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期8月開學(xué)摸底考英語(yǔ)第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whendoesthemanhavetogobackhomeeverynight?A.Ataquartertoten.B.Ataquarterpastten.C.Before10pm.2.Whodoesthemanusuallyhavedinnerwith?A.Hisfriends.B.Hisfamily.C.Hismother.3.Whatdidthemandoyesterday?A.Rockclimbing.B.Skydiving.C.Deep-seadiving.4.Whydidthewomanfeeltired?A.Shewasold.B.Shewasill.C.Shewasstressed.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Thebadweather.B.TheTVprogram.C.Thefootballgame第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whowassenttohospitalaccordingtothedialogue?A.Theman.B.Nobody.C.Thecardriver.7.What’sthebestwaytokeepsafeinthestreet?A.Wearamask.B.Waitfortrafficlights.C.Stayinstrongvehicles.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.WhatdoweknowaboutIntotheWild?A.Itisaclassicalmovie.B.Itiswrittenforchildren.C.Itisbasedonatruestory.9.WhatisthethemeofIntotheWild?A.Growth.B.Beauty.C.Wealth.10.WhoisSeanPenn?A.Awriter.B.Adirector.C.Areader.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whatlecturedidthemanattendafewtimes?A.ITandComputer.B.Math.C.Biology.12.Whatdoesthemanwanttobe?A.AnITengineer.B.Adoctor.C.Abiologist.13.Whatadvicedoesthewomangivetotheman?A.Accepthisdad’spointofview.B.Haveatalkwithhisdad.C.Becourageoustopursuehisfuture.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Whatshouldthewomandotoenterthecompetition?A.Travelforaholiday.B.Visitacompany.C.Writeastory.15.Howsoonwillthewinnerbeannounced?A.Intendays.B.Intwodays.C.Intwoweeks.16.Whereisthecompetitionoffice?A.AtGreenRoad.B.AtKing’sstreet.C.AtJessiestreet.17.Whatwillthewinnerdoforaweek?A.Stayinahotel.B.VisitLondon.C.Travelaroundmountains.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題18.Whatdoesthespeakeradviselearnerstotry?A.Theflute.B.Theviolin.C.Theguitar.19.Wherearetheinstrumentsreadyforlearners?A.Inthetechnologyroom.B.Inthedramaroom.C.Inthemusicroom.20.Whenwillthetermconcertbeheld?A.On7thJuly.B.On8thAugust.C.On24thJune.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AThepuppetshows(木偶劇)presentedatFairylandin2023sharethatcommonthreadof“Belonging”.TheCityMouseandtheCountryMouse—Friday,June2Annie,theCountryMouse,isextremelyexcitedthatMarkieMouse,hercousinfromtheCity,ispayingheravisit.ComeenjoyoneofAesop’smostfamousfablesabouttwomicewhostepintoeachother’sworlds,onlytofindoutthathomeiswheretheheartbelongs.PuppetsandScenerybyLewisMahlmann.Script(劇本)byDavidC.Jones.ItCouldAlwaysBeWorse—Friday,July14Afunnytaleofafamilythatisunhappywiththeirlivingconditions.Afamilyarefedupwiththeirovercrowded,noisyhome.Theyturntoalocalwiseman,whoadvisessolutionsandtellsthemthatitcouldalwaysbeworse.Willthisfamilyeverlearntobehappywithwhattheyhave?CometoFairylandandfindout!PuppetsdesignedbyElizabethLuce.ScenerybyLewisMahlmann.ScriptbyShanaBarchas,inspiredbyatraditionalfolktale.TheDragonWhoWasn’t—Wednesday,August30AnoriginaltalewrittenbyFrankOz,agreatteenagepuppeteeratChildren’sFairylandinthe1960’s.Thisfunnystoryisaboutamagicalkingdomindesperateneedofitsveryownfire-breathingdragon.PuppetsbyJesseVail.ScenerybyAnnieWong.TheVelveteenRabbit—Friday,November3BasedonMargeryWilliams’greatbook,HowToysBecomeReal,thisistheheartwarmingtaleofaspecialrelationshipbetweenayoungboyandhistoyrabbit.You’llbecharmedastheVelveteenRabbitfearlesslystaysbytheyoungboy’ssideandisrewardedforherloyaltyintheend.PuppetsbyRandalMetz.ScenerybyAnnieWong.PuppetsdesignedbyKaceyO’Hare.1.Whatisthethemeofthefirstpuppetshow?A.Home. B.Success. C.Wealth. D.Happiness.2.WhatisspecialaboutItCouldAlwaysBeWorse?A.Itisadaptedfromabook. B.Itisbasedonatraditionalfolktale.C.ItisoneofAesop’sfamousfables. D.ItiscreatedbyElizabethLuce.3.WhoisthewriterofTheDragonWhoWasn’t?A.JesseVail. B.RandalMetz.C.FrankOz. D.AnnieWong.【答案】1.A2.B3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了幾個(gè)木偶劇的內(nèi)容和演出時(shí)間等情況?！驹斀狻?.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheCityMouseandtheCountryMouse—Friday,June2中的“ComeenjoyoneofAesop’smostfamousfablesabouttwomicewhostepintoeachother’sworlds,onlytofindoutthathomeiswheretheheartbelongs.(來(lái)欣賞一下伊索最著名的寓言之一吧，講述的是兩只老鼠走進(jìn)彼此的世界，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)家才是心所屬的地方)”可知，這個(gè)木偶劇的主題是“家”。故選A項(xiàng)。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ItCouldAlwaysBeWorse—Friday,July14中的“PuppetsdesignedbyElizabethLuce.ScenerybyLewisMahlmann.ScriptbyShanaBarchas,inspiredbyatraditionalfolktale.(伊麗莎白·盧斯設(shè)計(jì)的木偶。劉易斯·馬赫曼設(shè)計(jì)的布景。莎娜·巴查斯設(shè)計(jì)的劇本，靈感來(lái)自一個(gè)傳統(tǒng)的民間故事)”可知，這個(gè)木偶劇以一個(gè)傳統(tǒng)民間傳說(shuō)為基礎(chǔ)改編。故選B項(xiàng)。3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheDragonWhoWasn’t—Wednesday,August30中的“AnoriginaltalewrittenbyFrankOz,agreatteenagepuppeteeratChildren’sFairylandinthe1960’s.(由弗蘭克奧茲寫的一個(gè)原創(chuàng)故事，他是60年代兒童童話樂(lè)園里一個(gè)偉大的木偶演員)”可知，TheDragonWhoWasn’t的作者是FrankOz.。故選C項(xiàng)。BIwasamotheroffourchildren,alwaysbusywithmusiclessons,sportsteamskeepingthebudget,andsoonandon.Ifeltfencedinandyetboundbylovetomyfamilyduties.SomedaysI’ddreamoffreedombutalwaysreturnlovinglytomytasks.Aneighborinvitedmetoteaoneafternoon.Afterlisteningsympatheticallytomysadness,sheasked,“Elizabeth,whatdoyoudoeachweekforfun?”IwasshockedFun?“I’mtoobusyforfun,”Isaid.“Thinkofsomethingfuntodoeveryweek,”sheurged.Ididn’thavetothink.“Iwouldlovetoridehorseback,”Isaid.Ifoundaridingstable(馬廄)about45minutesaway，whereIwasintroducedtoRoyal,standingproudlynearby.RidingRoyaloverjumpswasachallenge,butwegoalongwell.Itlightenedmyspiritallweek;mytasksseemedeasier.Severalmonthspassed,andthetrainerbeganworkingwithmetotrainRoyal.Thehorsehadtolearntojumpfencesinacontrolledmannerinsteadofflyingoverthemashewouldinanopenfield.Westartedwith1smallpolesandworkedourwayuptofulljumpsIarrivedatthestableonaparticularlycoldday.Royalstartedrunning.Buttomygreatsurprise,ashenearedthefencethistime,heeffortlesslyflewoverit,jumpedanotherfenceintothenextfield.jumpedathirdfence,anddisappearedintothewoodsHowwasIgoingtofindhim?HowwouldIcatchhimifIdidfindhim?Then,astheseterriblehelplessthoughtsracedthroughmymind,Isawmovementattheedgeofthefarwoods.ItwasRoyal,racingtowardme!Royalhadfoundfreedom,asIhad.Buthe’dalsofoundloveandsatisfactionwithinfences.Forhimandforme,Irealized,fencesandfreedomhadalwaysbeenamatterofchoice.4.HowdidElizabethfeelaboutherlifeaccordingtothefirstparagraph?A.Stressed. B.Confused. C.Doubtful. D.Excited.5.WhatdidElizabethandthetrainerhavetoteachRoyal?A.Themannerstostandproudly. B.Flyingoverfencesinanopenfield.C.JumpingfencesunderElizabeth’scontrol. D.HowtogetalongwellwithElizabeth.6.WhatmadeElizabethsurprisedonthatcoldday?A.Royal’sbecomingviolentinthewild. B.Royal’srefusingtorunonthefreezingday.C.Royal’sjumpingfencesforfreerunning. D.Royal’sattemptingtoescapebeingcontrolled.7.WhatdidElizabethunderstandatlast?A.Itisarelieftoremovedoubts. B.Lovebringssatisfactiontousall.C.Freedomexistsinsomesituations. D.Weourselvescanchoosetobefree.【答案】4.A5.C6.C7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。主要介紹了作者照顧家庭和孩子的過(guò)程中感受到生活壓力，然后通過(guò)騎馬并且從馬身上明白了一個(gè)道理：自由是個(gè)人的選擇?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。第一段提到“Iwasamotheroffourchildren,alwaysbusywithmusiclessons,sportsteamskeepingthebudget,andsoonandon.Ifeltfencedinandyetboundbylovetomyfamilyduties.”（我是四個(gè)孩子的母親，總是忙于音樂(lè)課，運(yùn)動(dòng)隊(duì)保持預(yù)算，等等。我覺(jué)得自己被束縛住了，但又被愛(ài)束縛著，要盡家庭責(zé)任。），由此判斷，作者受到“媽媽”這一身份的限制，被家庭的繁雜事物的拖累，感到被束縛了，因此會(huì)感到有壓力。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第四段第一句提到“Severalmonthspassed,andthetrainerbeganworkingwithmetotrainRoyal.Thehorsehadtolearntojumpfencesinacontrolledmannerinsteadofflyingoverthemashewouldinanopenfield.”（幾個(gè)月過(guò)去了，教練開始和我一起訓(xùn)練Royal。這匹馬必須學(xué)會(huì)有控制地跳過(guò)柵欄，而不是像在開闊的田野里那樣飛過(guò)柵欄。）伊麗莎白和教練需要教會(huì)Royal這匹馬學(xué)會(huì)有控制地跳過(guò)柵欄。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第五段提到“Royalstartedrunning.Buttomygreatsurprise,ashenearedthefencethistime,heeffortlesslyflewoverit,jumpedanotherfenceintothenextfield.jumpedathirdfence,anddisappearedintothewoods.”（Royal開始跑。但令我非常驚訝的是，當(dāng)他這次接近柵欄時(shí)，他毫不費(fèi)力地飛越了它，跳過(guò)了另一個(gè)柵欄，進(jìn)入了下一塊田地。跳過(guò)第三道籬笆，消失在樹林里。）由此判斷，作者對(duì)于Royal跳過(guò)柵欄，跑進(jìn)森林，盡情地享受自由的情況感到吃驚。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。最后一段最后一句提到“Forhimandforme,Irealized,fencesandfreedomhadalwaysbeenamatterofchoice.”（我意識(shí)到，對(duì)他和對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)，柵欄和自由一直都是一種選擇。）馬兒能夠隨心奔跑是一種自由，作者和馬兒在一起也找到了久違的自由的感覺(jué)，由此判斷，作者明白了自由是個(gè)人的選擇。故選D。CIntoday’sdigitalagewhenyoucangetinformationquickly,thereisaconcernaboutchildrendevelopinganappreciationforreadingprintedbooks.That’swhycommunitiesinAustraliahavecomeupwithawaytoconveyaloveofbooksintheyoungergenerations.Tosolvethisproblem,communitiesarebringinglibrariestowherethekidsare:inthestreets.Thelittlelibrariesconsistofboxesthataresetupoutsideofhousesorpublicspacesandarefilledwithbooks.Peoplecantakebookstheyhaven’treadanddonateonestheyhavetothelibraries.StreetLibraryAustralia,anonprofit,wasstartedbyNickLoweafterhesawaLittleFreeLibraryonatriptotheUSA.Afteraninitialworkshopin2015tobuild30libraries,theideamushroomedandnowthereare4,500registeredstreetlibrariesinAustralia.“Itjustgrewandgrew,”hesaid.Thelibrariescomeinallshapesandsizes.Theselibrariesarecompletelyvoluntaryandanyonecanstartone.PamelaZielke,whorunsalibrarycalledPam’sPantry,givesouttoysandcraftsuppliesalongwithbooks.Anearlychildhoodeducator,shestartedherlibrarywiththegoalofrescuingbooksfromdustbins.Butthelibrariesaredoingmuchmorethanjustprovidingbooks-andotherdonateditems-topeople.Thestreetlibrariesarealsobuildingcommunity.“It’salittlestoppingplaceoutsideyourhouse,”saidLowe.“It’sagreatwaytomeetpeopleinyourneighborhoodwhoarealsobooklovers,recyclebooks,andfindnewbooks.”TheseLittleStreetLibrariesprovidedavaluableserviceduringtheoutbreakofCOVID-19andthepopularityhasnotwaned.Peopleusethemtofindbooksonspecifichobbieslikecooking,childrenaredevelopingaloveofreadingbooks,anditismoreconvenientthangoingtoabookstoreorabrick-and-mortarlibrary.Butevenmoreimportantly,withasharedinterest,thelibrariesarebringingcommunitiesclosertogether.8.WhatmightmakepeopleinAustraliaworriednowadays?A.Thepopularityofdigitalbooks. B.Thepoorserviceofcommunityeducation.C.Theshortageofthestreetlibraries. D.Childrenlosinginterestinprintedbooks.9.WhatdoweknowaboutNickLowe?A.HemustbeacitizenoftheUSA.B.HewasinspiredbyatriptotheUnitedStates.C.Hehassetupatotalof30streetlibrariesinAustralia.D.HemadeafortunethroughStreetLibraryAustralia.10.WhatdoestheauthorintendtotellusbymentioningPamelaZielke?A.Weshoulddoallwecantosupportstreetlibraries.B.ManymorestreetlibrarieswillbesetupinAustralia.C.Anyonecanfollowherexampleandstartastreetlibrary.D.Itisofgreatbenefittorunastreetlibraryinyourneighborhood.11.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“waned”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A.Turnedweaker. B.Becomedifferent.C.Spreadwidely. D.Wonrecognition.【答案】8.D9.B10.C11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。為了在數(shù)字時(shí)代傳播對(duì)書籍的熱愛(ài)，澳大利亞街頭建了很多圖書館?！驹斀狻?.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Intoday’sdigitalagewhenyoucangetinformationquickly,thereisaconcernaboutchildrendevelopinganappreciationforreadingprintedbooks.(在今天的數(shù)字時(shí)代，當(dāng)你可以快速獲取信息時(shí)，人們擔(dān)心是否孩子們會(huì)對(duì)閱讀印刷書籍產(chǎn)生興趣)”可知，如今令澳大利亞人感到擔(dān)憂的是孩子們對(duì)印刷的書籍失去興趣。故選D項(xiàng)。

2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“StreetLibraryAustralia,anonprofit,wasstartedbyNickLoweafterhesawaLittleFreeLibraryonatriptotheUSA.(澳大利亞街頭圖書館是一家非營(yíng)利組織，由尼克·洛威在去美國(guó)旅行時(shí)看到一個(gè)小型免費(fèi)圖書館后創(chuàng)辦)”可推知，NickLowe從美國(guó)的一次旅行中獲得靈感，創(chuàng)辦了街頭圖書館。故選B項(xiàng)。3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“PamelaZielke,whorunsalibrarycalledPam’sPantry,givesouttoysandcraftsuppliesalongwithbooks.Anearlychildhoodeducator,shestartedherlibrarywiththegoalofrescuingbooksfromdustbins.(帕梅拉·齊爾克經(jīng)營(yíng)著一家名為“帕姆的儲(chǔ)藏室”的圖書館，除了書籍外，她還會(huì)分發(fā)玩具和手工用品。作為一名幼兒教育工作者，她創(chuàng)辦圖書館的目的是拯救垃圾箱里的書)”及第四段“Theselibrariesarecompletelyvoluntaryandanyonecanstartone.(這些圖書館完全是自愿的，任何人都可以建立一個(gè))”可知，第五段提出PamelaZielke經(jīng)營(yíng)著一家名為Pam’sPantry的圖書館，是為了佐證第四段提到的“任何人都可以以她為榜樣，建立圖書館”這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)。故選C項(xiàng)。4.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞后面的內(nèi)容“Peopleusethemtofindbooksonspecifichobbieslikecooking,childrenaredevelopingaloveofreadingbooks,anditismoreconvenientthangoingtoabookstoreorabrick-and-mortarlibrary.(人們用它們來(lái)尋找特定愛(ài)好的書籍，比如烹飪，孩子們正在培養(yǎng)對(duì)讀書的熱愛(ài)，而且這比去書店或?qū)嶓w圖書館更方便)”可知，街頭圖書館受歡迎程度沒(méi)有減弱。由此可知，該劃線詞與turnedweaker意思相同。故選A項(xiàng)。DThinkofamonarchbutterfly(帝王蝶),andauniqueimagepopsup:black-and-orangewings,withsomewhitespotsaroundtheblackedges.Thosewhitespotsmayactuallyhelpmonarchscompletetheirlong-distancemigrationbychangingtheairflowaroundtheirwings.Thisisthenewideaofateamofresearchersthathasanalyzedhundredsofmonarchwingscollectedalongtheirmigrationroutes.“Ifyouhavelargerwhitespots,you’resimplymoresuccessfulatreachingMexico,”saysAndyDavis,aresearcher.Heandhiscolleaguesbelievethatthepatternofcolorcouldinteractwithsunlighttocreatesometemperaturedifferencesonthewingthatcanchangeairflow,easingthebutterflies’flight.Monarchbutterfliesdefinitelyneedtoflywelltocompletetheirannualfallmigrationofupto3,000miles.MonarchsfromasfarnorthasCanadaflysoutheveryfallallthewaytosomemountaintopsitesincentralMexico.Mostresearchonbutterflycoloringfocusesonitsuseasawarningtopredators(捕食者).Sincemonarchseatmilkweedthatcontainspoisons,theirbrightorangecolorservesasasignalthatthey’reunpleasantprey(獵物).AndyDavishadstudiedtheblack-and-whitepatternsonmigratingbirds,andconcludedthatblackcoloringcouldaffecttemperatureandairflowinwaysthatmightimprovetheirflightperformance.Sotheresearchersdecidedtolookattheblack-and-whitepatternintheedgeofmonarchwings.Whattheyfoundisthatthewingsofthesummermonarchsthataren’tmigratinghavelesswhite,whilethosethataremigratingbuthaven’tmadeitallthewaytoMexicohavemore.AndmonarchsthatsuccessfullyreachedMexicohaveevenmorewhite.“Itisatotallynewidea,”saysMarcusKronforst,abiologist.“I’veworkedonbutterflycolorpatternsmywholelife,butit’snevercrossedmymindthatitmightinfluencehowthebutterfliesfly.Idothinkthatthisaerodynamic(空氣動(dòng)力學(xué))explanationisexciting.It’sdefinitelydifferent.ButIjustthinktherearepotentiallysomeotherexplanationsthatcouldbeexplored.”12.Whatisthenewideaofmonarchbutterflies’whitespots?A.Theyserveasawarningtopredators.B.Theyimprovebutterflies’flyingperformance.C.Theyattracttheattentionofbutterfies’mates.D.Theyhelpbutterflieshideintheirsurroundings.13.HowdoesDavisthinkwhitespotshelpmonarchbutterflies?A.Bychangingtheflowofair.B.Bymakingbutterflieslighter.C.Byguidingmigratingbutterflies.D.Byturningsunshineintoenergy.14.What’sKronforst’satitudetowardsDavisnewyfinding?A.Unconcerned. B.Supportive.C.Skeptical. D.Disappointed.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.MonarchbutterfliesmigratethelongestdistanceB.MonarchbutterfliesuseairflowtohelptheirflightsC.MonarchbutterflieshavemorewhitespotsthanothersD.Monarchbutterflies’whitespotsmayhelpthemflyfarther【答案】12.B13.A14.C15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了科學(xué)家對(duì)帝王蝶身上的白點(diǎn)的功能提出了新的發(fā)現(xiàn)，認(rèn)為它們有助于幫助帝王蝶完成長(zhǎng)途遷徙?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Thosewhitespotsmayactuallyhelpmonarchscompletetheirlong-distancemigrationbychangingtheairflowaroundtheirwings.(這些白點(diǎn)實(shí)際上可能通過(guò)改變翅膀周圍的氣流來(lái)幫助帝王蝶完成長(zhǎng)途遷徙)”以及第二段“Heandhiscolleaguesbelievethatthepatternofcolorcouldinteractwithsunlighttocreatesometemperaturedifferencesonthewingthatcanchangeairflow,easingthebutterflies’flight.(他和他的同事認(rèn)為，這種顏色模式可以與陽(yáng)光相互作用，在翅膀上產(chǎn)生一些溫差，從而改變氣流，使蝴蝶的飛行容易些)”可知，帝王蝶身上的白點(diǎn)提高了蝴蝶的飛行性能。故選B?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段““Ifyouhavelargerwhitespots,you’resimplymoresuccessfulatreachingMexico,”saysAndyDavis,aresearcher.Heandhiscolleaguesbelievethatthepatternofcolorcouldinteractwithsunlighttocreatesometemperaturedifferencesonthewingthatcanchangeairflow,easingthebutterflies’flight.(研究人員AndyDavis說(shuō)：“如果你有更大的白點(diǎn)，你就更成功地到達(dá)墨西哥。”。他和他的同事認(rèn)為，這種顏色模式可以與陽(yáng)光相互作用，在翅膀上產(chǎn)生一些溫差，從而改變氣流，使蝴蝶的飛行容易些)”可知，戴維斯認(rèn)為白點(diǎn)可以改變氣流，幫助帝王蝶飛行。故選A?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“I’veworkedonbutterflycolorpatternsmywholelife,butit’snevercrossedmymindthatitmightinfluencehowthebutterfliesfly.Idothinkthatthisaerodynamicexplanationisexciting.It’sdefinitelydifferent.ButIjustthinktherearepotentiallysomeotherexplanationsthatcouldbeexplored.(我一生都在研究蝴蝶的顏色模式，但我從未想過(guò)它可能會(huì)影響蝴蝶的飛行方式。我確實(shí)認(rèn)為這種空氣動(dòng)力學(xué)的解釋很令人興奮。這肯定是不同的。但我只是認(rèn)為可能還有其他一些解釋可以探索)”可知，克朗弗斯特認(rèn)為可能還有其他的解釋，對(duì)戴維斯的新發(fā)現(xiàn)持有懷疑的態(tài)度。故選C?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Thosewhitespotsmayactuallyhelpmonarchscompletetheirlong-distancemigrationbychangingtheairflowaroundtheirwings.(這些白點(diǎn)實(shí)際上可能通過(guò)改變翅膀周圍的氣流來(lái)幫助帝王蝶完成長(zhǎng)途遷徙)”以及文章內(nèi)容可知，本文主要介紹了科學(xué)家對(duì)帝王蝶身上的白點(diǎn)的功能提出了新的發(fā)現(xiàn)，認(rèn)為它們有助于幫助帝王蝶完成長(zhǎng)途遷徙，所以“帝王蝶的白點(diǎn)可能有助于它們飛得更遠(yuǎn)”可以作為文章標(biāo)題。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Withanumberofriversgloballyincrisisduetopollution,damming,andreducedrainfall,there’sneverbeenabetteropportunitytoappreciateeverythingthatriversgivetotheworld.RiversprovidedrinkingwaterTwothirdsoftheUK’stapwateriseitherfromariverorfromariver-fedbodyofwater.____16____.Forexample,theColoradoRiveralonesupportsnearly40millionAmericans.That’swhyitisvitaltokeepriverscleanandfreeofpollutants.____17____Ancientfarmingdependedontheselife-givingwaters,sodoesmodernagriculture.Duringtherainyseason,manyriversoverflowtheirbanks,nourishingthesoilwithmineralsandnutrients.Besides,riversactaswatersourcesforirrigation.AgoodsourceoffoodcomesfromriversAfifthofthefishthatarefishedgloballycomefromriversandotherfreshwatersources.Anothertwothirdsoffishthatpeopleeatrelyonriversforbreeding,nutrients,orotherreasons.____18____.Humancultureistiedtorivers____19____.ThenamesoftheriversinEnglandincludingThames,Leith,andTaff,disclosetheisland’shistory.OtherexamplesarethereligiousconnectionstotheGangesinIndiaortheJordanRiverinIsrael.Riversprovideleisureactivities____20____.Riversports,boating,fishing,swimming,bravingrapids,andvisitingwaterfallsareallwaysthatriversaddvalueandentertainment.It’sessentialtoworktoconserveriversforgenerationstocome.A.RiversareimportantforagricultureB.RiversaremorethanjustwaterunderthebridgeC.RiversarecloselyconnectedtoancientcivilizationsD.AlargepartofourmodernlifeisinvolvedwithriversE.TheorganizationAmericanRiversgivesasimilarfigurefortheUSF.Consequently,riverscanprovidehomesforadiversityofplantsandanimalsGProtectingriversandtheirbiodiversityisagoodwaytoprotectthisvaluablesourceoffood【答案】16.E17.A18.G19.C20.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹的是盡管全球多條河流面臨危機(jī)，但是我們要銘記河流給我們帶來(lái)的很多好處。【16題詳解】根據(jù)前文的“TwothirdsoftheUK’stapwateriseitherfromariverorfromariver-fedbodyofwater.(英國(guó)三分之二的自來(lái)水要么來(lái)自河流，要么來(lái)自河流補(bǔ)給的水體。)”可知，此處從數(shù)據(jù)上強(qiáng)調(diào)了英國(guó)的三分之二的自來(lái)水要么來(lái)自河流，要么來(lái)自河流補(bǔ)給的水體。E選項(xiàng)“TheorganizationAmericanRiversgivesasimilarfigurefortheUS(美國(guó)河流組織也給出了類似的美國(guó)數(shù)據(jù))”中指出美國(guó)跟英國(guó)的情況類似，此處asimilarfigure與前文的數(shù)字形成呼應(yīng)，符合語(yǔ)境。故選E?！?7題詳解】本空是該段主題句。根據(jù)后文的“Ancientfarmingdependedontheselife-givingwaters,sodoesmodernagriculture.(古代農(nóng)業(yè)依賴于這些賦予生命的水，現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)也是如此。)”可知，本段強(qiáng)調(diào)的是河流對(duì)農(nóng)業(yè)的重要性。A選項(xiàng)“Riversareimportantforagriculture(河流對(duì)農(nóng)業(yè)很重要)”概括本段段旨，符合語(yǔ)境。故選A?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)主題句“Agoodsourceoffoodcomesfromrivers(河流是很好的食物來(lái)源)”以及前文的“Anothertwothirdsoffishthatpeopleeatrelyonriversforbreeding,nutrients,orotherreasons.(人們食用的另外三分之二的魚依靠河流繁殖、獲取營(yíng)養(yǎng)或其他原因。)”此處強(qiáng)調(diào)，保護(hù)河流作為很好的食物來(lái)源，以人類所使用的魚為例進(jìn)行了說(shuō)明，由此后文應(yīng)該強(qiáng)調(diào)保護(hù)河流以及河流中的物種多樣性是保護(hù)寶貴食物來(lái)源的方法。G選項(xiàng)“Protectingriversandtheirbiodiversityisagoodwaytoprotectthisvaluablesourceoffood(保護(hù)河流及其生物多樣性是保護(hù)這一寶貴食物來(lái)源的好方法。)”承接前文，符合語(yǔ)境。故選G?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)本段段旨“Humancultureistiedtorivers(人類文化與河流緊密相連)”可知，本段主要講述的是人類文明與河流之間的緊密關(guān)系。C選項(xiàng)“Riversarecloselyconnectedtoancientcivilizations(河流與古代文明緊密相連。)”與段旨呼應(yīng)，指出河流與古代文明密不可分，符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。【20題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Riversports,boating,fishing,swimming,bravingrapids,andvisitingwaterfallsareallwaysthatriversaddvalueandentertainment.(河上運(yùn)動(dòng)、劃船、釣魚、游泳、沖急流和參觀瀑布都是河流增加價(jià)值和娛樂(lè)的方式。)”可知，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)河流與人們的日常生活和娛樂(lè)方式密切相關(guān)。D選項(xiàng)“Alargepartofourmodernlifeisinvolvedwithrivers(我們現(xiàn)代生活的很大一部分與河流有關(guān))”引起下文，符合語(yǔ)境。故選D。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Therearemanybirdsthatvisitourleafygarden.Butit’sthepairoforangefrogmouths(蟆口鴟)thathavebeenreturningforyearsto____21____theiryoungthatbringthemostexcitement.It’sbeenwonderfulto____22____howbothparentstakeontheseriousdutyofcaringfortheiryoung.Lastsummerthefrogmouthfamily,parentsandtwobabies,was____23____sittinginatalltreeclosetoourbackyardenjoyingthelateafternoonsunshine.Withlittle____24____,alightrainbegantofall.Atfirstthebirdsseemedto____25____therainandmovedoutalongthebranch,loosingtheir____26____totakeadvantageofthewetweather.Butwithinminutes,dayturnedtonight.____27____cloudsgathered.Crashingthunderandblindinglightning,wildwindsanddrivingrain____28____thesmallgardenintoa(n)____29____placeforthelittlefamily.Throughtheflashesoflightning,wewatchedin____30____astheparentsguidedtheirlittleonesbackalongthebranchtothetreetrunk,bothparents____31____theirwingsovertheyoungtoprotectthemfromthepowerfulrain.Whenthe____32____passed,thefamilymovedbackoutalongthe____33____,bathedinthesunshine.WhenIlookupatthepairofyellowfrogmouthswhocontinuetovisitour____34____,IknowI’mnotjustlookingatdevotedparents,butvery____35____ones.21.A.raise B.train C.adopt D.entertain22.A.evaluate B.observe C.predict D.realize23.A.cautiously B.secretly C.happily D.carelessly24.A.urgency B.fortune C.relief D.warning25.A.takedelightin B.putupwith C.keepawayfrom D.losesightof26.A.tails B.feathers C.heads D.paws27.A.Soft B.Furry C.Dark D.Thin28.A.expanded B.divided C.extended D.transformed29.A.unsafe B.cool C.ideal D.private30.A.silence B.amazement C.peace D.despair31.A.folding B.examining C.pressing D.spreading32.A.eruption B.test C.storm D.flood33.A.branch B.corridor C.pipe D.beach34.A.zoo B.garden C.school D.farm35.A.honest B.polite C.wise D.generous【答案】21.A22.B23.C24.D25.A26.B27.C28.D29.A30.B31.D32.C33.A34.B35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。作者所感于蟆口鴟父母在風(fēng)雨中保護(hù)自己孩子的情形，天下所有的父母都會(huì)盡全力保護(hù)自己的孩子?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但最讓人興奮的是一對(duì)多年來(lái)一直回來(lái)養(yǎng)育后代的橙色蟆口鴟。A.raise養(yǎng)育；B.train訓(xùn)練；C.adopt收養(yǎng)；D.entertain娛樂(lè)。后文提到“howbothparentstakeontheseriousdutyofcaringfortheiryoung.”（父母雙方都承擔(dān)起照顧孩子的責(zé)任），作者的花園里來(lái)了很多的鳥，作者看到一對(duì)蟆口鴟承擔(dān)著照顧孩子的責(zé)任，由此判斷，這對(duì)蟆口鴟來(lái)往多次是在照顧自己的孩子。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：觀察父母雙方如何承擔(dān)起照顧孩子的責(zé)任真是太好了。A.evaluate評(píng)價(jià)；B.observe觀察；C.predict預(yù)測(cè)；D.realize認(rèn)識(shí)到。后文提到“sittinginatalltreeclosetoourbackyardenjoyingthelateafternoonsunshine.”（坐在我們后院附近的一棵高大的樹上，享受著傍晚的陽(yáng)光。），由此判斷，作者是在自己的花園里看到蟆口鴟在照顧自己的小孩，這是一件讓人非常開心的事情。故選B。【23題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：去年夏天，蟆口鴟一家，父母和兩個(gè)孩子，快樂(lè)地坐在我們后院附近的一棵高大的樹上，享受著傍晚的陽(yáng)光。A.cautiously謹(jǐn)慎地；B.secretly秘密地；C.happily開心地；D.carelessly粗心地。后文提到“sittinginatalltreeclosetoourbackyardenjoyingthelateafternoonsunshine.”（坐在我們后院附近的一棵高大的樹上，享受著傍晚的陽(yáng)光。），由此判斷，此時(shí)的蟆口鴟一家正在享受傍晚的陽(yáng)光，應(yīng)該是一件非常開心的事情。故選C。【24題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：沒(méi)有什么預(yù)兆，就下起了小雨。A.urgency緊急；B.fortune運(yùn)氣；C.relief輕松；D.warning警告。前文提到“sittinginatalltreeclosetoourbackyardenjoyingthelateafternoonsunshine”（坐在我們后院附近的一棵高大的樹上，享受著傍晚的陽(yáng)光。），后文提到“alightrainbegantofall”（下起了小雨），上一秒還在享受著陽(yáng)光，下一秒就開始下雨，由此判斷一點(diǎn)預(yù)兆都沒(méi)有。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。句意：起初，鳥兒似乎很喜歡下雨，它們沿著樹枝飛出去，松開羽毛，以利用潮濕的天氣。A.takedelightin樂(lè)于；B.putupwith忍受；C.keepawayfrom遠(yuǎn)離；D.losesightof看不見(jiàn)。前文提到“movedoutalongthebranch”（沿著樹枝飛出去）以及“takeadvantageofthewetweather”（利用潮濕的天氣），由此判斷，鳥兒在雨中沿著樹枝飛出去，同時(shí)也會(huì)利用潮濕的天氣，因此鳥兒是非常喜歡下雨天的。故選A?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：：起初，鳥兒似乎很喜歡下雨，它們沿著樹枝飛出去，松開羽毛，以利用潮濕的天氣。A.tails尾巴；B.feathers羽毛；C.heads頭；D.paws爪子。前文提到“movedoutalongthebranch”（沿著樹枝飛出去）由此判斷，鳥兒飛起來(lái)要展開翅膀，因此是松開自己的羽毛。故選B?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：烏云密布。A.Soft柔軟的；B.Furry毛茸茸的；C.Dark黑暗的；D.Thin薄的。前文提到“Butwithinminutes,dayturnedtonight.”（但幾分鐘后，白天變成了黑夜。）由此判斷，突然從白天變成黑夜說(shuō)明雨下大了，烏云密布。故選C?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：雷鳴、閃電、狂風(fēng)、暴雨把這個(gè)小花園變成了一個(gè)對(duì)這個(gè)小家庭來(lái)說(shuō)不安全的地方。A.expanded擴(kuò)大；B.divided分開；C.extended擴(kuò)大；D.transformed轉(zhuǎn)變。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是固定短語(yǔ)transforminto，意為“把……轉(zhuǎn)變成”。故選D?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：雷鳴、閃電、狂風(fēng)、暴雨把這個(gè)小花園變成了一個(gè)對(duì)這個(gè)小家庭來(lái)說(shuō)不安全的地方。A.unsafe不安全的；B.cool涼爽的；冷靜的；C.ideal理想的；D.private私人的。前文提到“Crashingthunderandblindinglightning,wildwindsanddrivingrain”（雷鳴、閃電、狂風(fēng)、暴雨），由此判斷，在如此惡劣的環(huán)境下，小花園變得非常的危險(xiǎn)，因此對(duì)蟆口鴟來(lái)說(shuō)是不安全的。故選A?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：透過(guò)閃電，我們驚奇地看到父母帶著他們的孩子沿著樹枝回到樹干上，父母都把翅膀張開在孩子身上，保護(hù)他們免受大雨的傷害。A.silence安靜；B.amazement驚訝；C.peace和平；D.despair絕望。后文提到“theparentsguidedtheirlittleonesbackalongthebranchtothetreetrunk”（父母帶著他們的孩子沿著樹枝回到樹干上）以及“protectthemfromthepowerfulrain”（保護(hù)他們免受大雨的傷害）由此判斷，作者在看到鳥兒傾盡全力保護(hù)自己的小孩時(shí)，感到非常的震驚。故選B。【31題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：透過(guò)閃電，我們驚奇地看到父母帶著他們的孩子沿著樹枝回到樹干上，父母都把翅膀張開在孩子身上，保護(hù)他們免受大雨的傷害。A.folding折疊；B.examining檢查；C.pressing按壓；D.spreading展開。作為鳥兒要保護(hù)自己的孩子不受大雨的傷害，應(yīng)該要展開翅膀護(hù)住孩子。故選D?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：暴風(fēng)雨過(guò)去后，一家人沿著樹枝往回走，沐浴在陽(yáng)光下。A.eruption噴發(fā)；B.test測(cè)試；C.storm風(fēng)暴；D.flood洪水。前文提到“Crashingthunderandblindinglightning,wildwindsanddrivingrain”（雷鳴、閃電、狂風(fēng)、暴雨），且后文提到“bathedinthesunshine”（沐浴在陽(yáng)光下），由此判斷，此處應(yīng)該是暴風(fēng)雨停下來(lái)了，才能沐浴在陽(yáng)光下。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：暴風(fēng)雨過(guò)去后，一家人沿著樹枝往回走，沐浴在陽(yáng)光下。A.branch樹枝；B.corridor通道；C.pipe管子；D.beach沙灘。前文提到“theparentsguidedtheirlittleonesbackalongthebranchtothetreetrunk”（父母帶著他們的孩子沿著樹枝回到樹干上）下雨的時(shí)候蟆口鴟一家沿著樹枝飛到樹干上避雨，雨停之后應(yīng)該是沿著樹枝重新回去。故選A。34題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我抬頭看著那對(duì)蟆口鴟繼續(xù)在我們的花園飛來(lái)飛去時(shí)，我知道我看到的不僅僅是盡職盡責(zé)的父母，而是非常聰明的父母。A.z