外研版（2023）高中英語選擇性必修第三冊 Unit5 Learning from nature 作業(yè)（含答案）

第第頁外研版（2023）高中英語選擇性必修第三冊Unit5Learningfromnature作業(yè)（含答案）Unit5Learningfromnature作業(yè)

一、完形填空

ThefirstcablecaroriginatedfromSanFrancisco.Theywereinventedbeforetheautomobileinthedayswhenhorse-drawnstreetcarswerethepopularpublictransportation.

Oneday,AndrewHallidie,whosefatherwastheinventorofthewirerope,witnessedaterrible1involvingastreetcarforwhichitwasthat2theideaofthecablerailway.Hewaswanderingaroundthestreetwhenhenoticedahorsestrugglingto3thestreetcarupJacksonStreet.It’s4andwasdraggedbackdownahill,passengersandgoods5outofthecarriage.ThisscenetriggeredHallidietofinda6waytotransportpeopleandthings.

Backhome,Hallidie7strandsofwireropestomakewirecables,believingthecableswouldbe8enoughtopullthecablecars.Thenhefoundsomeonetohelphim9thecars,withdifficultybutsuccessfully.HealsomanagedtogetthehelpofWilliamE.Eppelsheimer,aGermanengineer,who10thefirstcablecarline.Finally,Hallidieobtainedaformal11fromalawyernamedBenjaminBrookstobuildavalidsystem.

August2,1873sawthefirsttrialofthecablecar.Originally,Hallidiehiredagripmantooperatethecar.Butafterlookingdownthe12hill,themanrefusedfirmly.Hallidiedecidedto13itbyhimselffromJonesStreettoKearneyStreetbywayofClayStreet,knownastheClayStreetHilllinetoday.Aboutonemonthafterthetestrun,theLineopenedfor14use.Fromthenon,otherlinesopenedinSanFranciscoaswellasinotherU.Scitiesandcitiesoverseas.Tillnow,SanFranciscoistheonlycitywherethecablecarstill15.

1．A．a(chǎn)ccidentB．horseC．quarrelD．game

2．A．remindedB．conceivedC．recalledD．convinced

3．A．catchB．pushC．kickD．pull

4．A．slippedB．slidC．ranD．jumped

5．A．collapsingB．fallingC．eruptingD．unfolding

6．A．wiserB．rougherC．saferD．broader

7．A．twistedB．revisedC．fixedD．divided

8．A．longB．thickC．roughD．strong

9．A．manufactureB．sellC．designD．a(chǎn)dvertise

10．A．tookonB．pulledupC．builtupD．laidout

11．A．a(chǎn)nnouncementB．permissionC．commitmentD．a(chǎn)ppointment

12．A．wideB．steepC．primitiveD．remote

13．A．fetchB．dragC．driveD．direct

14．A．publicB．personalC．outsideD．external

15．A．hatchesB．refreshesC．operatesD．casts

二、閱讀理解

Foroveradecade,ZubinKanga,apianist,composerandtechnologist,haschangedthelimitsoftheformsofmusicalperformances.Hehasbothorganizedandperformedshowsthathavepushedbarriers,withmotionsensors,artificialintelligence(AI),live-generated3Dvisualsandvirtualrealityamongthetechnologicaladvancementsusedtounlocknewpossibilitiesofmusicandperformances.

Kanga’sapproachtoemployingcutting-edgetechnologywasfirstinformedbytherelativelimitationsofhischoseninstrument.“Thepianoisaveryaccuratetechnology,”hesays.“Fromtheearly20thcenturytillnowithasn’treallychangedatall.It’sanamazinginstrument,butitdoeshavecertainlimitationsintermsofthetypesofsoundyoucancreate.”

OneoftheearlyworksisSteelonBone,composedbyKangahimself.HeperformsthepieceusingMiMUmulti-sensorgloves.“Icanputuponefinger,andthat’llproduceaparticularsound,”Kangaexplains.“AndthenIcancontrolthatsoundjustbymovingmywristthroughtheair—Icandothatwithlotsofdifferentgestures.”

“ForSteelonBone,I’mactuallyplayinginsidethepianowiththesesteelknitting(編織)needles,andgettingalltheseinterestingeffectsonthestrings.ThenI’musingsamplesofthem.SometimesI’musinglivedelaysandoperatingthem.Thesoundcanchangedependingonhowmyhandsaremoving.Itallowsmetomakeaverytheatricalpiece,andpeoplecanseethisimmediateconnectionbetweenhowI’mmoving—theseverybig,almostconductor-likegesturesthroughtheair—andthewaythesoundischanging,”saidKanga.

Thisisjustthestart,andKangagoesontobeenthusedwiththeuseofmotionsensorstomakemusic,thepossibilitiesthatAIofferscomposersasatool,andhowvirtualrealitycouldtransformperformancesandmore.

16．Whatdotechnologicaladvancementsdoformusicandperformances

A．Removemusicbarriers.

B．Bringnewperformanceforms.

C．Popularizemusicalperformances.

D．Makeperformancesprofessional.

17．WhydoesKangatalkaboutthepianoinparagraph2

A．Toindicateitsstability.

B．Toproveitsrareaccuracy.

C．Toshowithasalonghistory.

D．Toclarifywhyheusestechnology.

18．HowdoesKangaperformSteelonBone

A．Bymovinghishandsintheair.B．Bypressingthepianokeys.

C．Bybeatingthesteelknittingneedles.D．Bymakingverysmallgestures.

19．Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext

A．Technology:WhenItReplacesMusic

B．VirtualReality:FutureofPerformances

C．ZubinKanga:WhenMusicMeetsTechnology

D．AIMusic:FromComposingtoPerforming

WhomshouldyoumarryWhereshouldyouliveHowshouldyouspendyourtimeForcenturies,peoplehavereliedontheirgutinstincts(直覺)tofigureouttheanswerstotheselife-changingquestions.Now,though,thereisabetterway.Wearelivingthroughadataexplosion,asvastamountsofinformationaboutallaspectsofhumanbehaviorhavebecomemoreandmoreaccessible.Wecanusethisbigdatatohelpdeterminethebestcoursetochart.

Therehaslongbeenoverwhelming-andoftensurprising-evidencethatalgorithms(算法)canbemuchbetterthanpeopleatmakingdifficultdecisions.Researchershavecollecteddataonvariouskindsofchoicespeoplemake,theinformationtheybasethosechoiceson,andhowthingsturnout.Theyhavefound,forexample,thatasimpledata-drivenalgorithmwouldhavebeenbetterthanjudgesatdecidingwhetheradefendantshouldstayinjail(監(jiān)獄)orbereleased;betterthandoctorsatdecidingwhetherapatientshouldgetaprocedure;andbetterthanschoolprincipalsatdecidingwhichteachersshouldbepromoted.

Thepowerofdataanalysishasbeenprovedinthesportsandbusinessworlds,too.AsmadefamousbythebookandmovieMoneyball,baseballteamsfoundthatalgorithmswerebetterthanscouts(物色優(yōu)秀運動員的人)atpickingplayers,andbetterthanmanagersatpickingstrategies.Infinance,thehedgefund(避險基金)RenaissanceTechnologiesdramaticallydefeatedcompetitorsbyseekingoutpatternsinstockmarketdataandusingthemtoinformitsinvestmentstrategy.TechfirmsinSiliconValleyhavefoundthatdatafromexperimentsprovidesbetterinsightsintohowtodesigntheirwebsitesthandesignerscould.

Thesearetheearlydaysofthedatarevolutionindecision-making.Iamnotclaimingthatwecancompletelyoutsource(外包)ourlifestylechoicestoalgorithms,thoughwemightgettothatpointinthefuture.Iamclaiminginsteadthatwecanalldramaticallyimproveourdecision-makingbyconsultingevidenceminedfromthousandsormillionsofpeoplewhofaceddilemmassimilartoours.Andwecandothatnow.

20．Whatmakespeoplebetteratfindinganswerstolife-changingquestions

A．People’sbettergutinstincts.B．Changedhumanbehavior.

C．Themoderninformationera.D．Variouscoursesaccessible.

21．Accordingtoparagraph2,algorithmsmightNOTdefeatpeoplein______.

A．courtrulingsB．jobpromotions

C．operativeestimationD．teachingpractices

22．Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph3

A．TheplotofthemovieMoneyballisrelatedtosuccessfuldataanalysis.

B．Scoutsandmanagersarenotneededinsuccessfulbaseballteams.

C．ThehedgefundRenaissanceTechnologieshadsomefinancialproblems.

D．TechfirmsinSiliconValleymainlyreliedondatatodesignwebsites.

23．Whichofthefollowingwilltheauthormostprobablyagreewith

A．Themoderninformationeraismatureenoughtotakeadvantageof.

B．Peopleshouldoutsourceallthelifestylechoicestoalgorithms.

C．Withbigdatapeoplecanlearnfromcountlesssimilarexamples.

D．Face-to-faceconsultationwillbethemajortrendinthefuture.

Asmallrobotthatcanchangeitsshapeandproduceheatshowspotentialintargetingcancercellsandpreventinginternalbleeding.Itcanalsobeusedfordeliveringdrugsdirectlytotumors(腫瘤)orinaccessibleareaswithinthehumanbody.

Researchers,ledbyRenHaoSoonattheMaxPlanckInstituteforIntelligentSystemsinStuttgart,Germany,developedacentimeter-sizedrobotinspiredbypangolins(穿山甲).Itisconstructedwithsoftandmagnetic(磁性的)materials,allowingtherobottochangeitsshape.

Toenablemovement,shapeshifting,andheatgeneration,theresearchersappliedmagneticfieldstotherobot’smetalparts.Byadjustingthefrequencyofthesefields,therobotwasabletoheatupandgiveoutheatintoitssurroundings.Theteamobservedthattherobot’sbodytemperaturecouldbeover70℃.

Inaddition,theresearchersusedtherobot’sheattodeliversubstanceswithinasimulated(模擬的)stomachenvironment.Theyattachedsomethingsimulatingmedicinecapsulesontotherobot,whichdissolveduponheating,therebyreleasingthegoods.Thistechniqueholdspromisefortargeteddrugdeliveryinsidethebody.

Soon,histeamalsotestedtherobot’sabilitytohaltbleeding.Theycreatedwoundsusingadeadpig’sstomach.Bypumpingbloodthroughasmallincisionusingasyringe,theysimulatedbleeding.Subsequently,therobotextendedandcoveredthearea,givingoutheattohelpstopbleeding.

AccordingtoJakeAbbottfromtheUniversityofUtah,therobotcouldpotentiallybeemployedfortargeteddestructionoftumorcells,reducingtheneedforexposinglargeamountsoftissuetoradiationorchemicals.Byraisingtherobot’stemperaturetoalevelunsafefornormalcellsandkeepingitinplaceforafewminutes,cancercellscanbekilled.Abbottemphasizesthehightemperaturesensitivityofthehumanbody.

24．Whatcanweinferaboutthesmallrobot

A．Ithasbeenputintouse.

B．Itismainlyusedtodelivergoods.

C．Itdrawsinspirationfromthenaturalworld.

D．Itcan’tbeusedwithoutaddinghardelements.

25．Howdotheresearchersmaketherobotchangeshape

A．Byusingheat.B．Byusingmagnets.

C．Byusingradiation.D．Byusingchemicals.

26．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“halt”inparagraph5mean

A．Stop.B．Challenge.C．Evaluate.D．Explore.

27．Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext

A．ATinyRobotWillBeUsedInMedicine

B．ScientistsWillMakeRobotsGiveOutHeat

C．ASmallRobotWasMadeToDeliverGoods

D．DoctorsHaveUsedTinyRobotsToCureTumors

Thiswillbeanimportantyearforpioneersdevelopingelectricverticaltake-offandlanding(eVTOL)aircraft(垂直起降飛機(jī)),popularlyknownasflyingtaxis.Severalfirmsarehopingtheircraftcanobtainthenecessarycertificationin2023tostartcommercialproduction,gettingreadyforthefirstpassengerservices.

Airtaxisgenerallycarryfewerthanhalfadozenpassengers.Theylandandtakeoffverticallyusingmultiplesmallrotors(旋翼).Withcleversoftwarecontrollingtherotors,theyareeasiertoflyandreadilycapableofautonomousflight.Theplentifulnumberofrotorsalsohelpswithsafety,astheaircraftcancontinuetoflyifoneormorefail.

Somedesignsuseanextrarotorortwoatthebacktopushtheaircraftalongduringflight.Others,likethatproducedbyJobyAviation,haverotorslikeasetofsmallwingsprovidinglift,makingmoreefficientuseoftheaircraft'sbatteryandincreasingrange.

Afterthinkinghardabouthowtocertify(授予專業(yè)合格證)theseflyingmachines,regulators(監(jiān)管者)havebeenworkingwithdevelopersonsafetystandards.Thisisamulti-stageprocess.Besidesobtaining“type”approval,whichshowstheairworthinessofanewtypeofaircraft,factoriesmustbecertifiedbeforeproductioncanbegininvolume.Andanairline-stylelicenceisrequiredifpayingpassengersaretobepaniesareworkinghardtogettheseapprovals.Pilotedoperationsareexpectedtobeapprovedbeforeautonomousflights.

InGermany,Volocopterwillbeflight-testingafamilyofeVTOLs.Thefirmishopingitssmallest,thetwo-seaterVoloCity,canbecertifiedintimeforthe2024OlympicsinParis,wheretheplanistooperatetripsbetweenairportsandtheathletes'village.Otherair-taxifirmsalsohopetoprovideservicesinParis,orattheWorldExpo,whichtakesplaceinJapanin2025.

28．WhatcanmakeeVTOLaircraftsafer

A．Fewerpassengers.B．Smartersoftware.C．Morerotors.D．Smallerwings.

29．WhatcanwesayaboutthecertifyingprocessofeVTOLaircraft

A．Efficient.B．Complicated.C．Confusing.D．Creative.

30．WhatdoesVolocopterexpectofitsVoloCity

A．Itwilldefeatairtaxisfromotherfirms.B．ItwillparticipateinthenextWorldExpo.

C．Itwillconductpilotedoperationsin2025.D．Itwillprovideservicesforthe2024Olympics.

31．Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthetext

A．ThefutureoftransportationB．Thedevelopmentofflyingcraft

C．AgreenvehicletakesflightD．Theairtaxiiscoming

Reshapingtheworldforafossilfuel-freefuturemeansworkingquickly.Climatescientistssaycarbonemissionsmuststopby2025tominimizeenvironmentaldamage.Andbydesigningcomputationalmaterialstogetherwithmakerswhocanbuildandtestthemquickly,scientistscanrapidlydeveloptechnologieslikemorepowerfulsolarcellsandcarbatteries.

Michaelisthenameofasupercomputerdevotedtojustonetask-discoveringtheultimatebatterysystem.ResearchersatUniversityCollegeLondonwilluseMichaeltodigitallybuildandtestprototypes(原型)ineverynewmaterialandtypeofcellpossibletoimprovebatterylife,performanceandprice.

Findingaresilient(彈性的)designforsolid-statebatterieswouldbeahugebreakthroughforelectricvehiclesandenergystorage.Lighter,longer-lastingandcheapersolid-statetechnologycouldvastlyimprovevehiclerangeandchargingtime.Andtheenergyfromsolarandwindpowercouldbemoreefficientlystoreduntilreadyforuse.

ScientistsworkingintheUSandtheUKledthewayinthe1970sindevelopingthelithium-ion(鋰離子)batteryusedintoday’selectriccars,laptopsandcameras,ButcommercialunitswereonlydevelopedoncetheJapaneseelectronicsgiantpushedthetechnologyforwardformassproduction.Partnershipsbetweencompaniesanduniversitiescouldultimatelycracksolid-statebatterydesign.OxfordUniversityandsomecompaniesarelookingtowintheinternationalracetocreateadurableproduct.Buttheyareonlyoneamongmany.

Replacingliquidusedinlithium-ionbatterieswithasolidconductormaytakelargedigitalprocessing.Electricvehiclemakersareworkingwithacomputergianttofindsuccessfuldesignsthatmayincludecheapandplentifulmaterialsfoundinseawater.AnelectricvehiclemakerispartneringwithNASAtoopenasolid-statebatteryplantthatusesnorareorexpensivemetals.Theplanistocreatealargedatabaseofmaterialsthatcanbemixedandmatchedforthebestcombinations.

Butcomputationalmaterialsmaybeneededinvirtuallyeveryindustry.Andbyrapidlyclassifyingmillionsofsubstancesontheirabilitytoconductelectricity,theirtoughness,orthewaytheyreflectlight,AIandsupercomputerscanspeeduptheprocessofcreatingmaterialsforjustaboutanything.

32．Whatmessagedoesparagraph1convey

A．It’stoofasttodesigncomputationalmaterials.

B．It’stoolatetoreshapethefossilfuel-freeworld.

C．Developinggreenenergycanreducecarbonemissions.

D．Developingtechnologycanspeedupcarbonemissions.

33．Whataresolid-statebatteriesexpectedtobelike

A．Heavyandsolid.B．Lightbutbreakable.

C．Less-costlyandworkable.D．Expensivebutefficient.

34．WhydoestheauthormentionOxfordUniversityinparagraph4

A．Toshowtheweaknessofmassproduction.

B．Toshowthegoodtrendofthecooperation.

C．Toshowthedifficultyofthebatterydesign.

D．ToshowthedevelopmentofBritishtechnology.

35．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext

A．MichaelIsDevotedtoStoringSolarEnergy

B．CompaniesandNASAWillPushTechnologyForward

C．ElectricVehicleMakersAreStrugglingtoSolveAirPollution

D．SupercomputersandAICanCreateFutureLow-carbonIndustries

OnthefarminaredoutbuildingbehindLutherJacksonMiddleSchool,MarkSmithpickedapieceofcabbageofftheplantandtookabite.

“Tasteslikevictory,”hesaid,satisfied.

Fifteenengineeringstudentsattheschool,ledbySmith,theirengineeringteacher,havedevelopedandbuiltthefarmusingaquaponics(魚菜共生)technology,combiningthemethodsofhydroponics,growingplantswithwaterratherthansoil,andaquaculture,theprocessofgrowingandraisingfish.Thefishwasteisusedasfoodfortheplants,whichfilter(過濾)thewatertobereusedinthefishtank.

“Thecreativeprojectwasputforwardbythestudents,”Smithsays.“Effectivelycombiningtechnologywitheducation,itservestoprovideauniquelearningexperience,involvingstudentsincoreSTEMsubjectslikeMath,Biology,ChemistryandEngineering.It’sourhopethatitcanhelpincreasestudents’interestandhands-onskillssothatmorestudentswillbeinspiredandchoosetotakeupengineeringastheircareerinthefuture.”

Notonlycanstudentsstudyfish,plantsandbacteria(細(xì)菌)interactinginalivingecosystem,butthey’realsoinchargeofeveryaspectofdevelopingandkeepingthefarm,fromorderingsuppliestoharvestingthegreens.Camryn,14,putatesttubeintothefishtankanddroppedsomechemicalstotestPHlevelsandsomesubstancesinit,Sheheldthetubeuptolight,watchingthecolor.

Behindher,Yusufworkedalongatablewithotherstudentstoharvestthecabbage,stuffingtheleavesintobagstodeliverlaterthatafternoontoabout70families.Forhim,theabilitytogivebacktohiscommunityisthebestpartoftheproject.

“Weshouldallbeproudofourselves,”Yusufsaid,“We’remakingstuffthatpeoplearegoingtobeeating.”

36．Whattechnologydothestudentsapplytothefarm

A．Roboticsandartificialintelligence.B．Mechanizedplantingandharvesting.

C．Raisinggoodbacteriatogrowgrain.D．Combiningfishfarmingandsoillessplanting.

37．WhatdoesSmithwishtodothroughtheproject

A．Createmorepossibleengineers.B．Promotestudents’survivalskills.

C．Improvethefameoftheschool.D．Teachstudentshowtotestwaterquality.

38．WhatmakesYusuffeelthebest

A．Praisefromhiscommunity.B．Hismasteryoffarmingtechniques.

C．Thecompanyofhisclassmates.D．Theircontributionstotheneighborhood.

39．Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheschoolproject

A．Challenging.B．Traditional.

C．Student-centered.D．Energy-consuming.

Mishra,anIndian-bornstudentattheUniversityofBritishColumbiainVancouver,waspickingupalcoholbottlesafteraneveningpartywithfriends,whenhedroppedabottle.AsMishrasweptuptheglass,hewondered,“Wheredoesthisgoafterthebottleisbroken”Afterresearching,Mishralearnedthat77%ofglassbottles,eventhosethatareputinarecyclingbin,endupinlandfillsaftertheglassbreaks.

Mishraspenthourslearninghowtoneatlycutandcreateallsortsofnewitemsfromoldglass.Then,togetherwithafewotherpeers,hefoundedastart-upcalledRescuedGlassYVR.Thegroupbrowsedbeachcleanupsandrestaurantstogatherusedglassbottles,whichwereturnedintoavarietyofplatters,candles,glasses,andotheritemsintheirmicrofactory,Whentheyselltheseitemsinlocalmarkets,theygotpositivefeedback,“Itturnsoutthatpeoplearereallyenjoyingit,”saidMishra,“Theyliketheproduct,”

Thestudentstart-upbuiltanameforitselfandgrewinsize.Bytheendof2022,ithadateamofnearlytwodozenstudentsandhadalreadysucceededinrescuingmorethan6,000bottles.That’swhenRescuedGlassYVRdecidedtorebrandandcomebackbigger.

Thebusinessgavethemselvesanothername-Mosa.Mishrasaid,“InthosehousepartiesthealcoholthatweweredrinkingwasMosa,Thenamereallyhelpsuswhenwearethinkingaboutlargerconversations.It’salwaysimportantthatyourememberwhereyou’recomingfromandwheretheprocessofthisentireideaeverstarted.”Inadditiontoproducingbeautifuldecoritemsandsavingglassfromlandfills,MosahasinspiredotherVancouveritestogetinvolvedinmakingtheworldabetterplace.

Itissaidthatglassproducingisresponsiblefor86milliontonsofcarbonemissions(排放)yearly,inadditiontothegarbageglassthatendsupinlandfills,Mosaismakinggooduseofglass,andinspiringotherstodosoaswell.Allbecauseofalittleinspirationafteracollegeparty.

40．WhatcausedMishratofoundhisstart-up

A．Aresearchintotheglass.

B．Abottlecollectingactivity.

C．Abottledroppingaccident.

D．Anenvironmentalthemeparty.

41．HowdoesMishra’sstart-updealwiththeusedbottles

A．Turnthemintodailyitems.

B．Selltheminthemarket.

C．Cleanandreusethem.

D．Cutthemintohalves.

42．Whatistheprobablemeaningoftheunderlinedword“rebrand”inparagraph3

A．Recover.B．Rename.C．Rescue.D．Rethink.

43．Whatcanbethebesttitleofthistext

A．TurnTrashIntoTreasureB．MakeEveryPennyCount

C．InspirationLeadstoSuccessD．CreateSomethingFromNothing

三、根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容填空

課本原文填空。

Genesplayacriticalroleinoverallhealth.Everycellinthehumanbodycontainsgeneticinformation.Everythingfromtheageingprocesstothedevelopmentof44,suchascancer,istiedtoanindividual’sgeneticmake-up.However,scientistshavelongbeen45thequestionaboutwhichgeneticmarkersindicateashortorlonglifespan.Thediscoverybytheresearchteammay46ofthestudyongenesandhumanlifespans,andeventuallyhelpanswerthisquestion.

Scientistssaythatlocatingthesesixteengeneticmarkerswillgreatlyimprovetheirunderstandingofhowgenesaffectlifespans.Thesegeneticmarkersmayeventually47ameansoftargetingthespecificgenesconnectedwithlifespans.Thiscouldsignificantlyenhancepeople’schancesoflivingtoaripeoldage.Accordingtosomescientists,itcouldmake48tothefutureofhumanlife.

Atthebasiclevel,artificialintelligenceisabranchofcomputersciencethataimstocreateintelligentmachines.Oneof49ofAIistodevelopcomputerintelligence50learningfromexperience,51newinputsandperformingtaskslikehumans.Toachievethisaim,manyapproachestocreatingtrueAIhavebeenputforward,including“deeplearning”,whichenablesamachinetoimproveitsownperformancebylearningfromtheresultsof52.Deep-learningAI53toanalysemassiveamountsofdatathroughmultiplelayers,imitatingthecomplexnetworksofthehumanbrain.

四、用單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成短文

閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

Theinstallation(安裝)workforawindturbine(渦輪機(jī))withaninstalledcapacityof16megawatts(兆瓦)beganTuesdaymorningatanoffshorewindfarminPingtan,Fujianprovince.

54(independent)developedbyChina,theturbine,thefirstintheworldwithsuchalargecapacity,hasthreeblades(葉片)witheachstretchingalengthof123meters,whichisthe55(long)bladeever56(install)inChina,accordingtoareportbyChinaMediaGrouponTuesday.

Theliftingandinstallationworkforthefirstbladestartedataround7amonTuesday.Anditwasconnectedwiththeturbine’shub(輪轂)aftermorethantwohours’work,ata57(high)ofaround152metersabovethesea,thereportsaid.

Accordingtothereport,thegiantwindmillwasinstalledatasite58isabout35kilometersawayfromtheshorelineandisfixedontheseabedinawaterdepthofabout40meters.

Inthenextthreehours,worksuchastighteningbolts(螺栓)andequipmentinspection59(be)completed,afterwhichasecondbladewillbeinstalled.

Thediameter(直徑)oftheturbine’simpeller(葉輪)is252meters,whichcansweep60areaofabout50,000squaremeters,equal61theareaof7standardsoccerfields,thereportsaid.

62putintooperation,thewindmillcanproduceabout66millionkilowatt-hoursofcleanelectricityperyearonaverage,63(meet)thenormalelectricityconsumptionof36,000householdsofthreeforayear.

五、詞性轉(zhuǎn)換

詞性轉(zhuǎn)換

64．informv．通知，告知→n．信息

65．rarelyadv.很少，難得→adj.稀有的

66．rejectionn．拒絕，否決→v．拒絕，排斥

67．perseverev．鍥而不舍，堅持不懈→n．堅持不懈，耐性

68．criticismn．批評；指責(zé)→v．批評

69．endurancen．(忍)耐力→v．忍耐，容忍

70．delightedadj.愉快的，高興的→n．使人高興的事v．使高興→adj.令人愉快的

71．enthusiasticadj.熱心的，熱衷的→n．熱情，熱忱→n．熱衷者

72．electv．選舉，推選→n．選舉

73．blessingn．幸事，幸運→v．祝福，保佑

74．a(chǎn)ppreciativeadj.感激的→v．感激，欣賞→n．感激

75．mereadj.僅僅，只不過→adv.僅僅，只不過

76．gentlenessn．和藹，溫和→adj.溫和的

77．permanentadj.長久的；永久的→adv.永久地

78．embarrassedadj.難堪的，尷尬的→v．使尷尬→adj.令人尷尬的→n．窘迫，難堪

六、選用適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或短語補(bǔ)全句子

從方框內(nèi)選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~來替代句子劃線部分的詞匯。

materialsharpclaimedmonitorrejectfigurepostponedindicatedefinitelysignaled

79．InChinaConfuciusisafamouspersonwhohasagreatinfluenceonChineseculture.

80．Thoughbornintowealth,hefinallygaveawayallthephysicalpossessionhehad.

81．Aredskyatnightmaybeasignoffineweatherthefollowingday.

82．NASAhasbeentryingtokeepaneyeonspacejunk(垃圾)since1979,butthesmallbitscan’tbetrackedwithcurrenttechnologies.

83．Ihavetoadmitthatitwithoutdoubtfeelsgoodtobebackinthecityagain.

84．Howcouldyouturndownsuchagoodoffer

85．Itisreportedthat13liveswerekilledintheterribletrafficaccident.

86．Themeetinghasalreadybeenputoffthreetimes.

87．Hemadeagesturetothewaiterforthebill.

88．Therewasarapidincreaseininterestrates.

七、其他應(yīng)用文

89．假設(shè)你是李華，你校正在組織青少年科技創(chuàng)新大賽，你想為日常生活中某件物品(如鋼筆、書包、鞋子……)設(shè)計添加新功能來參賽。請寫一封郵件，把你的創(chuàng)意告知你的外國筆友Jane，并征求她的建議。主要內(nèi)容包括：

1.設(shè)計理由；

2.介紹新功能；

3.征求建議。

注意：

1.詞數(shù)100左右；

2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

3.文章開頭與結(jié)尾已給出，不記入總字?jǐn)?shù)。

DearJane,

How’severythinggoingthesedaysNowadays,aTeenagers’scienceAndTechnologyInnovationContestisbeingheldinmyschool.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Sincerelyyours,

LiHua

八、概要寫作

90．Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.

Weare