高中英語牛津譯林版（2020）選擇性必修第四冊課件Unit1HonestyandresponsibilityGrammarandusage

Unit1HonestyandresponsibilityGrammarandusageOverviewofadverbialclauses狀語是用來修飾謂語、形容詞或副詞，或是整個句子的成分。狀語條件狀語原因狀語目的狀語地點狀語比較狀語結(jié)果狀語時間狀語讓步狀語方式狀語ReadthearticleonPage6WhowasHuangDanian?

(2)Howdoyoudescribehim?Why?Hewasresponsibleanddedicatedbecausehewaswillingtobeartheheavyburdenofresponsibilityanddevotedtoworkingforthegoodofhiscountryandpeople.(3)Whatcontributionsdidhemake?

HemappedtheworldundertheEarth’ssurface,whichhelpeddiscovervaluablemineralresourcesandbroughtChina’sknowledgeandtechnologyinthisareaalongsidetheworld’sfinest.HewasageophysicistwhomadegreatcontributionstoChina.Findthesentenceswithadverbialclausesfromthenewsstoryandfillinthetable.AdverbialclauseofconditionHeknewthatifhecameback,…AdverbialclauseoftimeWhenhehadtogoawayonbusiness,……untilhediedin2017attheageofjust58.AdverbialclauseofplaceHuangexcelledwherehewasworking…AdverbialclauseofreasonSincehespentsomuchtimeonwork…Adverbialclauseofpurpose…sothathedidnotmissanyworkinthedaytime.AdverbialclauseofresultInfact,heworkedsohardthathedidnotpayenoughattentiontohisownhealth.AdverbialclauseofconcessionAlthoughhespentmanyyearsintheUK,…ExploringtherulesWorkingouttherulesAdverbialclausescanbeintroducedby:if,unless,aslongas,etc.toexpress(1)________;until,when,while,etc.toexpresstime;wheretoexpressplace;because,as,since,inthat,etc.toexpress(2)______;sothat,inorderthat,etc.toexpress(3)_______;thatwithsoorsuchinthemainclausetoexpressresult;andalthough,though,evenif,etc.toexpressconcession.conditionreasonpurposeChoosetheproperlinkingwordstofillintheblanks.

inthataslongaswhileonceas(1)______advertisingisofgreathelp,Idon’tthinkweshouldentirelyrelyonit.(2)Heisreliable.______hemakesapromise,hewillkeepit.(3)__________wenevergetentirelyknockedoutofthegame,hopealwaysremains.(4)—Poorandbackwardarea___WesternChinais,manycollegestudentsarewillingtoworkthereaftergraduation.—Ican’tagreemore.Morechancesofemploymentareavailable.(5)TheChineselanguagediffersfromWesternlanguages_______itusescharacterswhichstandforideas,objectsordeeds.WhileOnceAslongasasinthatExploringtherulesAnswer1.Jakegotupearlysothathewouldhavetimetoexercisebeforeclass.2.Althoughshehadnoteditedthephotos,theystilllookedverygood.3.Hewenttoworkasifnothinghadhappened.4.Herteacherlikedherbecauseshewassohard-working.5.Igetveryupsetwhenpeopledonottellmethetruth.6.Ifyouarenicetootherpeople,theywillbenicetoyou.Putthewordsinthecorrectordertomakesentenceswithadverbialclauses.ApplyingtherulesB1Answer1c2e3b4f5aB2Applyingtherules連接詞類別作用例句asas“當……的時候”同時發(fā)生1.ShecameupasIwascooking.（同時）2.Therunnersstartedasthegunwentoff.（幾乎同時）whenwhen可以和延續(xù)性動詞連用，也可以和短暫性動詞連用；1.Whenwewereatschool,wewenttothelibraryeveryday.（在一段時間內(nèi)）2.Sorry，Iwasoutwhenyoucalledme．（call為短暫性動詞）對不起，你打電話時我剛好外出了。3.WhenIgottotheairport，theguestshadleft．（gotto后發(fā)生）當我趕到飛機場時，客人們已經(jīng)離開了。whilewhile意思是“當……的時候”或“在某一段時間里”。從句動作和主句動作同時發(fā)生，且從句動作為延續(xù)性動詞時。1.When／While／Asweweredancing，astrangercamein．（dance為延續(xù)性動詞）。2.Pleasedon’ttalksoloudwhileothersareworking.1.OneFriday,wewerepackingtoleaveforaweekendaway

___mydaughterheardcriesforhelp.

A.afterB.whileC.sinceD.when答案：D解析：句意為——星期五那天，當我們正準備出發(fā)去過周末的時候，我的女兒聽到有人叫救。易混淆：在while和when這里猶豫。對比：2.Ihadjuststeppedoutofthebathroomandwasbusilydryingmyselfwithatowel____Iheardthesteps.A.whileB.whenC.sinceD.after答案：B解析：下劃線處表示“正在這時，突然……”，四個選項中只有when可以表示此含義。2.before和since引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句連詞詞義常用句式before在……之前；還沒有來得及……就……；趁著……；……才……①Itwillbe/was＋一段時間＋before...要過/過了……時間才……②Itwon’tbe＋一段時間＋before...過不了多久就會……③Itwasn’t＋一段時間＋before...沒過多久就……了since自從……以來Itis/hasbeen＋一段時間＋since從句(從句用一般過去時)3.till/until引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句(1)until/till用于肯定句時，其主句謂語動詞為延續(xù)性動詞；(2)not...until/till...所在的主句的謂語動詞為非延續(xù)性動詞；(3)until可用于句首，而till不能；(4)notuntil置于句首，主句要用部分倒裝；(5)itis/wasnotuntil...that...強調(diào)句型。””AsfarasIknow，hismotherwon’tgotobeduntilhereturnshomeeveryevening.＝AsfarasIknow，notuntilhereturnshomeeveryeveningwillhismothergotobed.＝AsfarasIknow，itisnotuntilhereturnshomeeveryeveningthat

hismotherwillgotobed.據(jù)我所知，他母親每晚直到他回家才會上床睡覺。

4.表示“一……就……”的連詞引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句(1)assoonas，themoment/minute/instant，immediately/directly/instantly等。(2)在hardly...when...，nosooner...than...結(jié)構(gòu)中，主句用過去完成時，when或than所在的從句用一般過去時。Thenewbuildingprogrammewillgoaheadassoonas

thegovernmentreleasesthefunds.Hardly/Nosooner

hadwegottothedestinationwhen/thanwesetouttodosomevolunteerworkthere.5.其他連詞引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句everytime/eachtime(每次)，(the)nexttime(下次)，anytime(隨時)，(the)lasttime(上次)，thefirsttime(第一次)，bythetime(當……的時候)Thefirsttime

IheardofStephenHawking，Iwasmovedbyhisdevotiontotheresearch.當我第一次聽說史蒂芬·霍金時，我被他對研究的投入所感動。Bythetime

youcomeback，we’llhavecompletedtheproject.到你回來的時候，我們將已完成這項工程。(二)原因狀語從句because/as/since/nowthatseeing(that)鑒于；由于Seeing(that)theweatherisbad，we’llstayathome.鑒于天氣不好，我們將待在家里。inthat“因為；基于……的理由”，可以和because換用Iwonderwhetherhishearingisokayinthathehasturnedthetelevisionupveryloud.我不知道他的聽力否還好，因為他把電視聲音開得很大。such＋名詞＋that從句so＋形容詞＋that從句結(jié)果狀語從句常由sothat，so...that,such...that...等引導(dǎo)。表示如此……以至于……。結(jié)構(gòu)形式如圖:(三)結(jié)果狀語從句1.Heearnedsolittlemoneythathecouldn’tsupporthisfamily.＝Solittlemoneydidheearnthathecouldn’tsupporthisfamily.2.Heissuchalearnedpersonthatweadmirehimverymuch.＝Heissolearnedapersonthatweadmirehimverymuch.＝Suchalearnedperson/Solearnedapersonishethatweadmirehimverymuch.3.

LindaphonedmeinonarrivalsothatIknewshewassafeandsound.(三)結(jié)果狀語從句1.although/though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。意為“雖然；盡管”，可與yet，still，nevertheless連用，但不能和but連用。(四)讓步狀語從句Although/Thoughtheyhavebeentalkingforalongtimeyet，hecannotmakeherbelievehim.例句引導(dǎo)詞“盡管……，即使……”(四)讓步狀語從句2.while意為“雖然；盡管”，多用于正式文體，且多位于句首，相當于although。例句Whileonlineshoppinghaschangedourlife，notallofitseffectshavebeenpositive.(四)讓步狀語從句3.as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句，意為“盡管，雖然”，從句多位于主句之前，而且必須使用倒裝語序，此時可與though換用。例句Childas/thoughhewas，hehelpedmealot.(四)讓步狀語從句4.evenif/though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句evenif/though意為“即使，盡管”。例句SetasidesometimeeachdaytopractisespeakingEnglish，evenif/thoughitisonlyfiveminutes.(四)讓步狀語從句5.疑問詞-ever與“nomatter＋疑問詞”引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句，疑問詞-ever表示“無論……”，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時，相當于“nomatter＋疑問詞”。例句However/Nomatterhowhardyoutry，itisdifficulttoloseweightwithoutcuttingdownontheamountoffoodyoueat.(四)讓步狀語從句6.whether...or...引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句whether...or...意為“無論……還是……”，提供兩種對比情況。例句Allpeople，whethertheyareoldoryoung，richorpoor，havebeentryingtheirbesttohelpthoseinneedsincethedisaster.261．Mygrandfatherstillplaystennisnowandthen，_________he’sinhisnineties．答案：eventhough/evenif/though/although句意：盡管我的爺爺九十多歲了，他仍然時常打網(wǎng)球。別提考查讓步狀語從句，根據(jù)句意可知空格應(yīng)該填eventhough/evenif/though/although。272．_________onlineshoppinghaschangedourlife，notallofitseffectshavebeenpositive．答案：while/though/although句意：雖然網(wǎng)購改變了我們的生活，但并不是它所有的影響都是正面的。根據(jù)句意可知用while/though/although引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。284．（）________,Ihavetoputitawayandfocus(集中)myattentiononstudy

thisweek.A.Howeverthestoryisamusing

B.Nomatt