語法填空-提示詞為形容詞的解題思路

語法填空：提示詞為形容詞的考查方向語法填空：提示詞為形容詞的考查方向語法填空：提示詞為形容詞的考查方向常見的形容詞后綴常見的考查方向考點(diǎn)考頻提示詞為形容詞考查方向年份2019202020211.形容詞變副詞1.形容詞變副詞1.形容詞變副詞考點(diǎn)(poorpoorly)(extremeextremely)(undoubted2.形容詞比較級(jí)2.形容詞變名詞undoubtedly)(highhigher)(interestinginterest)分值331.5題型語法填空語法填空語法填空

口'見曲比轉(zhuǎn)詞牯邀—摧云訶人羽客田訣容詞的結(jié)枸理罰變名詞〈靱的變形規(guī)則反交電客伺的程用反義形容詞V用的砂詞組口'見曲比轉(zhuǎn)詞牯邀—摧云訶人羽客田訣容詞的結(jié)枸理罰變名詞〈靱的變形規(guī)則反交電客伺的程用反義形容詞V用的砂詞組缺劃詞的結(jié)構(gòu)?晤容詞變副詞V移副的規(guī)則比較級(jí)和晟高級(jí)比較級(jí)和氐髙級(jí)高煩考點(diǎn)知識(shí)精講（一）了解常見的形容詞后綴為了更快速確定括號(hào)內(nèi)的提示詞為形容詞，需要記住常見的形容詞后綴，以下就是常見的形容詞后綴:形容詞后綴例子-able/-ible（能夠的）unforgettable；impossible；flexible；adjustable-al（...的）professional；national；traditional-an/-ian（..人，…的）American；musician；physician；Indian-ful/-less（充滿、有/缺少、沒有）helpfUl/helpless;useful/useless;hopeful/hopeless;homeless-OUS（充滿）dangerous;poisonous;serious;cautious;anxious-ent/-ant（.的）absent;confident;significant;distant;important-en（某種物質(zhì)形成的，制成或生產(chǎn)）woolen;wooden;golden-ish（具有某種性質(zhì),含貶義）foolish;selfish;childish-some（具備某種特質(zhì)）troublesome;handsome;awesome;tiresome-ly（…般的;放在時(shí)間名詞后;部分抽象名詞之后）brotherly;friendly;fatherly;manly；timely;weekly;lovely;lively-y（常放于天氣名詞后，…的）windy;sunny;misty;foggy;cloudy;rainy;snowy-tive/-sive(...的)attractive;persuasive;impressive;active（二）提示詞為形容詞的考點(diǎn)考查形容詞變副詞方向例：Onlywhentheexamisaroundthecornerwilltheytakeit（serious）.解析：句中不缺主干，缺枝干狀語，修飾動(dòng)詞，故用副詞，因此將serious變成seriously即可?？疾楦痹~方向比較簡單，且最常見，所以要掌握形容詞變副詞的規(guī)則。復(fù)習(xí)鞏固：副詞用于修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、句子以及副詞。形容詞變副詞規(guī)則:變化形式例詞直接加lyslow-slowlyextreme-extremely以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的單詞，變y為i，happy-happily加lyeasy-easily以元音加e結(jié)尾，去e加lytrue-trulydue-duly以le結(jié)尾的形容詞去e加ysimple-simplygentle-gently以ic結(jié)尾的形容詞，加allybasic-basicallyenergetic-energetically以ll結(jié)尾的形容詞，直接加ydull-dullyfull-fully練一練：【2015?全國卷I】Abercrombie&Kent,atravelcompanyinHongKong,saysit(regular)arrangesquickgetawayshereforpeoplelivinginShanghaiandHongKong.【2016?四川】Chinesescientists(recent)hadachancetostudyawildfemalepandawithanewbornbaby.

【2016?全國新課標(biāo)I】Thetitlewillbe(official)giventomeataceremonyinLondon.【2017?全國卷口】Steamengineswereusedtopullthecarriagesanditmusthavebeen(faiunpleasantforthepassengers,withallthesmokeandnoise.【2018?全國II】Atasteformeatis(actual)behindthechange:Animportantpartofitscoriisusedtofeedchickens,pigs,andcattle.【2019?新課標(biāo)II卷】Heryearsofhardworkhave(final)beenacknowledgedafteracustomenominated(提名)hertobeCheshire'sWomanOfTheYear.【2019?新課標(biāo)III卷】TheyalsosharedwithusmanytraditionalstoriesaboutHawaiithatwere(huge)popularwithtourists.【2020?全國卷I】Landingonthemoon'sfarsideis(extreme)challenging.【2021?全國卷I】Itwill(undoubted)helpyougetrefreshed!考查形容詞變名詞方向例：Withoutany(confident),hefailedtheexam.解析：any+名詞/代詞，所以空格要填名詞，因此將confident變成其名詞形式即可，即confidence.變形詞匯只能通過日常積累，但也有一些常見的變形規(guī)則可以總結(jié)出來，提高記憶效率。常用的變形規(guī)則有：1?以“-able/-ible”結(jié)尾的形容詞詞，變“-able/-ible”為“-ability/-ibility”構(gòu)成名詞，高中?？嫉挠校篿mpossible-impossibilityflexible-flexibilityable-ability2?以“-ent/-ant”結(jié)尾的形容詞詞，變“t”為“ce”構(gòu)成名詞，高中?？嫉挠校篴bsent-absenceconfident-confidenceimportant-importanceelegant-elegance3?以“-ent”結(jié)尾的形容詞詞，變“t”為“cy”構(gòu)成名詞，特殊記：fluent-fluencyfrequent-frequencycurrent-currency4?形容詞+ity構(gòu)成名詞，例：real-realityequal-equalitysimilar-similaritymajor-majoritypopular-popularity5?部分形容詞+ness構(gòu)成名詞kind-kindnesslazy-lazinessill-illnesshappy-happinessaware-awarenessweak-weakness這些都需要在日常學(xué)習(xí)中不斷提煉，因此背誦和朗讀不可松懈哦~練一練：Becauseofhis(kind),thechildwassavedintimeandrecoveredafterafewdays.A(major)ofthepeopleaskedinthesurveysaidtheypreferredtohavedinnerinrestaurantsfortimesaving.Itisofgreat(significant)forustohavesuchacourseaboutlovingourselves.Ifyouareanoutgoingperson,youaremorelikelytoshareyour(sad)andhappinesswithothers.Shewasoneofthepioneerstofightforwomen's(equal)inthehistory.Althoughthetheoryseemsperfect,Idoubtthe(possible)torealizeinourreallife.考査形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)例：With(many)than5,000peoplegoingonastrike,thegovernmenthadtotakeactiontoputitdown.解析：比較級(jí)+than，所以直接將many變成比較級(jí)形式即可，即答案為more。這里涉及到的是形容詞比較級(jí)的知識(shí)，除此之外，形容詞的最高級(jí)也是常考的方向，所以對(duì)比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的考查形式要熟悉。考查比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)時(shí)，高考喜歡考查單音節(jié)或部分的變形以及不規(guī)則變形，多音節(jié)的變形暫時(shí)沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)，所以這里梳理會(huì)有所側(cè)重。常見的形容詞比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)變形規(guī)則：變化規(guī)則細(xì)分例詞1.單音節(jié)以及少數(shù)雙音節(jié)形容詞或副詞大(1)一般在形容詞或副詞后面直接加-er變?yōu)楸容^級(jí)，加-est變?yōu)樽罡呒?jí)。old—older一oldesthigh—higher一highest(2)以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，且末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的，則雙寫最后一個(gè)輔音字big一bigger一biggestthin—thinner—thinnest

致按以下規(guī)律變化母，再加-er變?yōu)楸容^級(jí)，加-est變?yōu)樽顔J級(jí)。(3)以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的單詞，則將改y為i再加-er變?yōu)楸容^級(jí)，加-est變?yōu)樽顔J級(jí)。busy一busier一busiestheavy一heavier一heaviest(4)以字母e結(jié)尾的單詞，直接加-r變?yōu)楸容^級(jí)，加-st變?yōu)樽罡呒?jí)。large一larger一largestfree—freer一freest2.多音節(jié)以及某些雙音節(jié)形容詞或副詞變?yōu)楸容^級(jí)或最咼級(jí)時(shí)，則通常在其前加more變?yōu)楸容^級(jí)，加most變?yōu)槿J級(jí)。important一moreimportant—mostimportantuseful一moreuseful一mostuseful3.少數(shù)單音節(jié)單詞，特別是分詞形容詞，須在前面加more變?yōu)楸容^級(jí)，(the)most變?yōu)槿J級(jí)fond—morefond—mostfond4.有些單詞的比較級(jí)或最咼級(jí)有兩種形式clever一cleverer/moreclever—cleverest/mostclever常用的不規(guī)則變化的形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí):原級(jí)比較級(jí)最咼級(jí)備注good/wellbetterbestmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastbad/badly/illworseworstfarfartherfarthest形容距離furtherfurthest形容程度oldolderoldest形容年齡大小eldereldest形容長幼關(guān)系latelaterlatest形容時(shí)間latterlast形容順序比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)常考知識(shí)點(diǎn)：比較級(jí)：比較級(jí)的修飾語有:rather,much,still,,even,far,alot,abit,alittle,agreatdeal等。HeismuchtallerthanYaoMing.他比姚明高多了。Thebookisbetterbyfarthanthatone.這本書比那本書要好得多。比較級(jí)的常見結(jié)構(gòu)："比較級(jí)+than"結(jié)構(gòu)可以表達(dá)一方超過或低于另一方的情況。由more,fewer,less+名詞構(gòu)成的比較級(jí)

more"比……多",后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞ess"比……少"，后接不可數(shù)名詞fewer"比……少"，后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞比較級(jí)的特殊結(jié)構(gòu)(1)Themore...,themore…表示"越……，就越……"(more代表比較級(jí))⑵"比較級(jí)+比較級(jí)"和"moreandmore+多音節(jié)詞原級(jí)"表示"越來越……"(3)"no+比較級(jí)+than"結(jié)構(gòu)表示"和……一樣不……""not+比較級(jí)+than"結(jié)構(gòu)意為"不及"，表示前者不如后者最高級(jí)：最高級(jí)意義的表達(dá)法the+最高級(jí)+比較范圍never...a(n)+比較級(jí)+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)比較級(jí)+than+anyother+單數(shù)名詞/比較級(jí)+than+alltheother+復(fù)數(shù)名詞/比較級(jí)+than+anyoneelse否定詞+比較級(jí)二最高級(jí)oneof+the+最高級(jí)+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)練一練：Gradually,themanfoundthatthemorehesharpenedhisaxe(斧頭)，the(fast)hecutdownthetree.Thereareno(little)than200participants,soyou'dbetterworkhardandgeteverythingreadyTohissurprise,thestickhechosewasmuch(long)Asweallknow,Qomolangmaisthe(high)mountainintheworld.Shemightbethe(good)singerthatIhaveevermet.Fourofthe(large)freshwaterlakesintheworldliesintheboundarybetweenCanadaandAmerica.考査反義形容詞例:Hisfakesmiletoldusthathewas(happy)toteamwithothers.解析：考查反義形容詞時(shí)，不能只從語法角度進(jìn)行分析，還要分析句子意思的邏輯。該題缺表語，需要填形容詞，但是又沒有級(jí)別考查，所以要分析句子意思了，根據(jù)句意，此處填unhappy才能符合句子邏輯，故答案為unhappy。注意：這個(gè)考查方向比較少，全國卷I暫時(shí)未發(fā)現(xiàn)，但其它高考卷有出現(xiàn)過，所以做題時(shí)，前三種考查情況都不符合，則需要考慮反義形容詞這個(gè)方向了。實(shí)際上考查的范圍也有限，反義形容詞?？荚~組：fair-unfairhappy-unhappylucky-unluckyfortunate-unfortunateformal-informalable-unbalelegal-illegalresponsible-irresponsibleregular-irregularpatient-impatientpossible-impossiblelikely-unlikelyusefUl-uselesshelpful-helplesshopeful-hopelesscareful-careless練一練：Don'tbe(patient)whenyoutrytoteachyourkidssomethingimportant.Themachineis(use),Ihavetobuyanothertype.Withouthardwork,itis(likely)foryoutomakegreatprogress.Nothingis(possible).Itis(fair)topunishastudentwithoutinvestigatingthemattercarefully.鞏固練習(xí)一、單句語法填空。The(possible)thatthereislifeonanotherplanetintheuniversehasalwaysinspiredscientiststoexploretheouterspace.Iaskedherwhyshesattherein(silent)WheneverImademistakes,theteacherpointedthemoutwith(patient)Beforeyoustartthiswork,youshouldtrytorealizeit's(important).Withabout200milliontreesplantedon182,700hectaresofland,ithashelpedto(efficienavoidalmost7.9milliontonsofcarbonemissions.Here,AlipayAntForestshowsthatitispossibletorelyondigitaltechnologyforabetterand(green)future.The(good)waytosupportChinesecompaniesistospeakoutagainstthoseUSpoliticians.BoycottingUSbrandssuchasAppleisnotatalladvisable.Iknewastudentinapreviousschoolwhousedtogooutandswinginaparkbetweenlessons.(current),whatwearedoingisbringingtheswingintotheschooltohelpbuildaculture.Theappropriateuseofmasksandpersonalprotectiveequipment,(especial)inahealthcaresetting;washinghandsregularlywithsoapandwater,oralcohol-basedhandrub.Sixteenyears(early),Pahlssonhadremovedthediamondringtocookameal.Uptoacertainpoint,themorestressyouareunder,the(good)yourperformancewillbe.ButIdidn'tcare.Afewhours(early),I'dbeenathomeinHongKong,withitschokingsmog.【2019?全國I】Scientistshaverespondedbynotingthathungrybearsmaybecongregatin聚集)aroundhumansettlements,leadingtotheillusion(錯(cuò)覺)thatpopulationsare(high)thantheyactuallyare.【2018?全國I】Accordingtoareviewofevidenceinamedicaljournal,runnersliveth]years(long)thannon-runners.【2018?全國III】(loud)ofall.Thenoiseshakesthetreesasthemalebeatshischestandchargestowardme.【2018?浙江】Therecouldbeaneven(high)costonyourhealth.【2017?全國卷口】Even(bad),theamountoffastfoodthatpeopleeatgoesup.It'sallaboutkindness,especiallythisholidayseason,andwitheverythingthat'sgoingonintheworld,wejustneedalittlebit(much)kindnessoutthere.TheresultwasannouncedonTuesdaythatEverest'speakstands8,848.86meterstall,2(high)thanpreviouslythought.Thisbrainchemicalplaysaroleinhowwefeel,andlowlevelsareassociatedwithfeelingsof(anxious),hopelessness,painandmoodswings.Itisthesestructuresthatstrengthenour(able)tolearnandrememberinformation.It'sofgreat(important)toexchangenumbers,especiallyifyouoryourneighbormaybetraveling.Thismaysound(convenient),butEnglishpeopleareusedtodoingso.Although(able)topublishatthattime,hecirculated(使傳閱)threephotocopiedcollectionsofhiswork.Thestudentoranyotherperson,maycomebacktohisworktiredand(interested.)Thelinehasa(long)of174km.Eventually,Iwenthomewithmycarfullofgasandmyheartfullof(warm)andkindness.OnTuesday，youbuildup(strong)inyourlegsbydoingdeepkneebends.OnJune27,2012,theJiaolongreacheda(deep)of7062metersinthePacificOcean.Whilemostmanagetocovertheshort(distant),ahandfularestuckinsidetherailwaytracksthatliebetweentheoceanandthepopularpark.二、語法填空。(不完全按照高考考點(diǎn)設(shè)置，主要是為了訓(xùn)練學(xué)生的語法分析能力)(A)OncetherewasawoodcutternamedJohn.Hisbossgavehimanaxeandshowedhimthearea①heshouldwork.Thefirstday,Johncutdown18trees.“Good,"thebosssaid,“keepitup!"Highly②(inspire)bythepraiseofhisboss,hetriedevenharderthenextday,buthecouldonlycutdown15trees.Dayafterdayhewascuttingdownfewerandfewertrees.(“Imustbelosingmy③(strong),"Johnthought.Hewenttothebossandapologized,?(say)thathecouldnotunderstandwhatwasgoingon.“Whenwasthelasttimeyousharpenecyouraxe?"thebossasked.“Sharpened?Ihadnotimetosharpenmyaxe.Ihavebeenverybusy⑤(try)tocutmoretrees,"saidJohn.Themoralofthisstory⑥thewoodcutterwasworkinghard,hedidn'twor⑦(smart).Hedidn'tthinkaboutthebestwaytodothejob.Sometimeswearelikethewoodcutter.Wegetsobusythatwedon'ttaketimetosharpenourskills.Manyofusneverlearnnewskills.Wethink⑧wehavelearnedisenough,butgoodisn'tgoodwhenbetter⑨(expect).Sharpeningourskillsfromtimetotime⑩(be)thekeytosuccess.⑻Basedonrecentresearches,distance-learningisslowlyprovingas①(value)asthetraditionalcampus.Itisafixedtruththatthisformoflearningis②theincrease.Moreover,bothstudentsandteachershaveexpressedtheir③(happy)withthesecourses.Thebestpartofdistancelearningcoursesistheirflexibleformat.Studentscancontinue?(work)andstudyatthesametimewithoutanykindofdifficulty.Youwill⑤(provide)withthefacilitiesofavirtual(虛擬的)classroomandavirtualcampus.Anyone⑥upgradestheirprofessionalknowledgetoanewlevelcanapplyforthesecourses.Withanonlinestudyformat,thetestsandnotescanbe⑦(access)withjustamouseclickfromyourhomecomputer.However,astudent⑧(attend)anonlinecoursemusttakethetimemanagement⑨(serious).Everyonlinestudentmustkeep⑩inmindthatpropermanagementoftimeandstudyscheduleisthekeytowardssuccessinthisformat.AtoughnewsmokingbanhasbeenintroducedinChina'scapitalcityBeijing.TheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)welcomedit.Thebancame①effectonJunethe1standisthetoughestanti-smokinglaw.Thelawbans②(smoke)inallindoorpublicplaces,onpublictransportandinworkplaces.Anyone③smokesintheseplaceswillgetabigfine.Restaurantswillhaveabigparttoplayinmakingsuretheban④(work).Restaurant⑤(own)willgetaheavyfineifpeoplesmokeintheirrestaurants.Thepublicisalsobeingasked⑥(report)anyonewhobreaksthelawandsmokesinpublic.AWHOspokespersonsaid:“WeapplaudedBeijingforitsstronganddeterminedleadershipinprotectingthehealthofitspe