2023年海勃灣區(qū)考研《英語一》點(diǎn)睛提分卷含解析

2023年海勃灣區(qū)考研《英語一》點(diǎn)睛提分卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Formostpeople,runningonefullmarathonisquitechallenging,butfor33-year-oldRobYoung,itismerelyashortwarm-up.ThisBritishman1370marathonslastyear,whichmeantthatheran2onemarathonperday.Itall3asabetwithhiswifeonaSundaynightwhentheywatchedtheTVcoverageoftheLondonMarathon.April2014,astheywatchedtheTVcoverageoftheLondonMarathon.Infact,Younghadbeen4tosittingcomfortablyonasofawatchingTVratherthangoingoutforawalk.Obviously,hewasn'tveryinterestedinrunningatthetime,andheevenconsideredit5Whenhiswife6himbysayingthathecouldn'trunmarathonsatall,evenifhetired.Yongfeltthishad7himbadly,soherepliedthathewould8hersomemoneyifhecouldn'trun.Thenextmorning,he9at3.30am,printedouttheroute,andcompletedonemarathonbeforework.Hefeltsogoodthathe10doingiteveryday,andhadrunthe11equivalentto10marathonsduringthatweek.Beforelong,Yongwasaddictedtorunning.He12alloflastyear’s365daysrunningmarathons.SinceJanuary,2015,Yonghascompletedseveral13.HewontheTrans-AmericanFootrace,a6-monthlongcompetition,witha14timeof482hoursand10minutes.He15theworldrecordfortheworth'slongestrunwithoutsleep.Having16somuchalready,Youngnowhopestousehisrunningtotestthe17ofhumanendurance.“I’dliketofindsomethingthat’schallenging."hesaid.“I’dliketo18theArcticCircleandtheNorthPole.Thereisonlyacertaintimeoftheyearwhenpeoplehave19todoit,butIwilltry.”Headded,"Forme,nothingis20It'sonlyatest."1、A．containedB．completedC．resolvedD．competed2、A．a(chǎn)swellB．a(chǎn)smuchasC．morethanD．closeto3、A．startedB．a(chǎn)ctedC．servedD．treated4、A．devotedB．relatedC．exposedD．a(chǎn)ccustomed5、A．boringB．charmingC．terrifyingD．disgusting6、A．bulliedB．flatteredC．inspiredD．teased7、A．shackedB．hurtC．scaredD．blamed8、A．contributeB．occupyC．loseD．win9、A．showedupB．tookoverC．wokeupD．kepton10、A．stucktoB．gaveupC．burstintoD．puton11、A．circlesB．distanceC．gamesD．competition12、A．spentB．wastedC．undertookD．organized13、A．a(chǎn)lternativesB．performancesC．challengesD．consequences14、A．validB．toughC．steadyD．total15、A．a(chǎn)ppliedB．brokeC．supportedD．struggled16、A．a(chǎn)chievedB．seizedC．a(chǎn)bandonedD．dreamed17、A．bordersB．expectationsC．limitsD．implication18、A．turnoverB．holdoutC．makeupD．runacross19、A．directionB．trendC．obligationD．chance20、A．unpleasantB．impossibleC．negativeD．dangerousSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Everfeellikeyou’vebeenhitontheheadafterabadnight’ssleep?Accordingtoscientists,thethoughtisn’tasunbelievableasitseems.Astudyfoundgoingwithoutsleepforjustonenightcauseschangesinthebrainsimilartothosethathappenafterablowtothehead.Theresearcherssaidthehealthyyoungmenexaminedinthestudyshowedasuddenriseinthesamechemicalswhichindicate(表明)braindamage.ProfessorChristianBenedict,ofUppsalaUniversity,Sweden,explainedthatthechemicalsNSEandS-100Barebiomarkers(生物指標(biāo))forbraindamage,suchasconcussion(腦震蕩).Hesaid,“Whatwefoundwastheirlevelsinthebloodroseinthegroupthatwentwithoutsleepforanight.Thiswasnottothedegreethatwouldhappenafteraheadinjury,forexample,butitwasstillworthpayingattentionto.Duringsleep,thebraincleansitselfofpoisonoussubstances.”Hesaidthefindingssupporttheprevious(以前的)researchshowinghowthebrainmakesuseofsleeptocleanitself.ProfessorBenedictalsosaidhisstudycouldsupportpreviousstudieswhichlinkedalackofsleepwithincreasedriskofAlzheimer’sandParkinson’sdiseases.Theriseofthechemicalsinthebloodaftersleeplossmaysuggestnotgettingenoughsleepleadstoalossofbraintissue,heexplained.ProfessorBenedict,whosestudyispublishedinthejournalSleep,added,“Inconclusion,thefindingsofourtrialindicateagoodnight’ssleepmaybeveryimportantforkeepingbrainhealth.”AthirdoftheUKpopulationsufferfromsleep-relatedproblems,whiletheaveragepersonnowsleepsforonlysevenhoursanight,comparedwithalmostnineafewdecadesago.Manyscientistsbelieveirregularsleepingpatternsleadtoillnessesrangingfromachesandpainstoheartdisease,whilelessthaneighthours’sleepanightcanlowertheIQthenextday.1、Ifyoudon’tsleepforanight,whatwillhappen?A．TherewillbeariseinthechemicalsNSEandS-100BB．ThechemicalsNSEandS-100BwilldroptoalowerlevelC．SomeofthechemicalsNSEandS-100BwillchangeintoothermattersD．ThechemicalsNSEandS-100Bwillbelessabletogetridofpoisonousmatters2、Whatisthepreviousstudymainlyaboutaccordingtothepassage?A．ThewaytoavoidbraindamageB．ThewaystoimprovethequalityofsleepC．Thewaysthathaveeffectonpeople’ssleepD．Thewaythebrainusessleeptocleanitself3、Wecanweinferfromthelastparagraphthat.A．man’sintelligenceisaffectedbysleepinawayB．peoplewhoneedmoresleephaveahigherIQC．onefourthoftheUKpopulationhavesleep-relatedproblemsD．modernpeopleneedlesssleepthanthoseafewdecadesago4、What’sisthethemeofthepassage?A．Eighthours’sleepisimportantB．HowhumanbrainsworkduringsleepC．SleeplossisclosetoablowtotheheadD．RegularsleepingpatternsimprovehealthText2GreycloudsmoveaslowassmokeoverthetreetopsatLoloPass.Thegroundiswhite.ThedayisJune10.IthasbeensnowingforthepastfourdaysintheBitterrootMountains.WayneFairchildisgettingworriedaboutourtrekovertheLoloTrail—95milesfromLoloMontanatoWeippeinIdaho,acrosstheroughestcountryintheWest.LewisandClarkwerenearlydefeated200yearsagobysnowstormsontheLolo.TodayFairchildisnervouslycheckingtheweatherreports.Hehasagreedtotakemeacrossthetoughest,middlesectionofthetrail.WhenLewisclimbedontopofLemhiPass,140milessouthofMissoula,onAugust12,1805,hewasastonishedbywhatwasinfrontofhim;“highmountainchainsstilltotheWestofuswiththeirtopspartiallycoveredwithsnow.”NobodyinwhatwasthentheUSknewtheRockyMountainsexisted,withpeakstwiceashighasanythingintheAppalachiansbackEast.Todaytheirpathwaythroughthosemountainsholdsmoreattractionthananyothergroundoverwhichtheytraveled,foritsrawwildernessisanevidencetothecharacteroftwocultures:theexplorerswhobraveditshardshipsandtheNativeAmericanswhoprizeandconservethepathasasacred(神圣的)gift.ItremainstodaythesameconditionaswhenLewisandClarkwalkedit.TheLoloispassableonlyfromJulytomid-September.Ourluckisholdingwiththeweather,althoughthesnowkeepsgettingdeeper.AsweclimbtoIndianPostOffice,thehighestpointonthetrailat7,033ft,wehavecovered13milesinsoftsnow,andwehardlyhaveenoughenergytomakedinner.Afteramealofchicken,Isitonarockontopoftheridge(山脊).Thereisnolightvisibleinanydirection,notevenanothercampfire.Forfourdayswedonotseeanotherhumanbeing.Weareoccupiedwiththethingsthatmixfearwithjoy.InourimaginationwehavefinallycaughtupwithLewisandClark.1、Accordingtothepassage,theword“trek”inParagraph1isclosestinmeaningto________.A．a(chǎn)comfortablewalkinaseparatecountryB．a(chǎn)pleasantjourneyacrossthecountrysideC．a(chǎn)journeyoveruntraveledpathwaysD．a(chǎn)long,hardjourneyoverroughareas2、Welearnfromthetextthatbefore1805________.A．theRockyMountainswerewhollycoveredwithsnowB．therewerenopeoplelivinginthewesternpartofAmericaC．noAmericansknewoftheexistenceoftheRockyMountainsD．theAppalachianswerethewesternfrontieroftheUnitedStates3、WelearnfromthetextthattheLoloPass________.A．remainsmuchthesameasitwas200yearsagoB．isthemeetingpointofthreeculturesC．haschangedalotsince1805D．nowattractsalargenumberoftouriststovisit4、Judgingfromthetext,LewisandClarkweremostprobably________.A．twonativeIndiansB．explorersoftheearly19thcenturyC．merchantswhodidbusinesswiththeIndiansD．travelerswhosecuriositytookthemovertheLoloPass5、WecaninferfromthetextthatwhencrossingtheLoloPasstheauthor________.A．wasattemptingtheimpossibleB．wastryingtosetaworldrecordC．wasfollowingthetrailofLewisandClarkD．wasfightingwithweatherandtakingunnecessaryrisksText3AwardingwiningfilmBalladFromTibet(《天籟夢(mèng)想》)byChinesedirectorZhangWeiisscheduledtopremiereinNewYorkCityonSaturday,March10.Thefilm,whichtellsthestoryoffourvisuallyimpairedkidsfromChina’sTibetautonomousregionembarkingonajourneyfortheirdreams,willbepresentedattheBronxLibraryCenteronSaturday,atMid-ManhattanLibraryonSunday,atLehmanCollegeandMarleneMeyersonJCCManhattanonTuesday,andattheMuseumofModernArtonWednesday.Basedonatruestory,BalladfromTibetisaboutthefour1ibetankids—Thupten,Sonam,KelsangandDroma—achievingtheirdreamsagainstallodds.Thuptenisa10-year-oldboypartiallysightedinoneeyeandblindintheother.Hisdoctorsaysthatthereisachancehecouldcompletelylosehissight,butthereisanoperationthatcouldoffera50percentchanceofsavinghisvision.Histeacherfirmlysuggeststhatheshouldhavetheoperationrightaway,butThuptenisafraidandwantstoseetheworldbeforehislifeisplungedintototaldarkness.Alongwithhisthreefriendswhoalsosufferfromblindness,Thuptenembarksonanexcitingadventure.TogethertheydecidetogotoShenzheninSouthChina’sGuangdongprovince,acitymorethan37,000kmawayfromTibetanregionalcapitalLhasa.Thereasonforthechildren’sdecisiontogotoShenzhenistheirloveofmusic.TheyarealltalentedandwanttosingtheirheartsoutinfrontofnationalaudiencebyparticipatinginaShenzhen-basedrealityshow.Thefoursome’stripisindeedfun,butalsoturnsouttobedangerousaswell.Luckily,helpisonhandalongthewayintheformofawanderingfamily,ashepherd,amotorcycleclub,andaTVproducer’sassistant.BalladFromTibethaswontheawardforBestChildren’sFeatureatthe13thChinaInternationalChildren’sFilmFestivalinNovember2017,andearnednominationsat17differentinternationalchildren’sfilmfestivalsinGermany,Canada,Japan,Greece,AustraliaandIndia.1、Whatdoestheunderlined“impaired”inParagraph2mean?A．damaged.B．strengthened.C．short-sighted.D．a(chǎn)mazing.2、WhydothefourchildreninBalladFromTibetchooseShenzhenastheirdestination?A．Theirteacheradviseshemtogotheretopursuetheirdream.B．Theywanttolookfortheirparentsthere.C．Theylongtoearnmoneytheretosupportthemselves.D．TheywanttotakepartinaShenzhen-basedrealityshow.3、WhatcanweinferaboutBalladFromTibetinthetext?A．TheteacherandthedoctorareinfavorofThupten’sdecision.B．ThefilmisgoingtobeshowninNewYorkCityforthefirsttime.C．Notallthefourchildreninthefilmhavetroubleinseeingthings.D．Thechildrengettotheirdestinationverysmoothly.4、WhatdoestheauthorthinkofBalladFromTibet?A．Successful.B．Negative.C．Awful.D．Surprising.Text4TrainingtheBrainPeoplewhocanaccomplishunbelievabletasks,suchasmemorizingthousandsofrandomnumbersinunderanhour,statethattheyjusthavenormalbrains.SomememorysuperstarscompeteinOlympic-likeWorldMemoryChampionships.Thesementalathletes,orMAsforshort,canmemorizenamesofdozensofstrangersinafewminutesoranypoemhandedthem.EdCooke,a24-year-oldMA,explainstheyseethemselvesasparticipantsrescuingthelong-lostartofmemorytraining.Thesetechniquesexistednottorecalluselessinformation,buttocutintothebrainbasictextandideas.AstudyinthejournalNatureexaminedeightpeoplewhofinishednearthetopoftheWorldMemoryChampionships.Thescientistsexaminedwhethertheirbrainswerefundamentallydifferentfromeveryoneelse’sorwhethertheyweresimplymakingbetteruseofmemorizingabilitiesweallpossess.TheyputtheMAsandcontrolsubjectsintobrainscannersandhadthemmemorizenumbersandphotographs.Theresultsurprisedeveryone.ThebrainsoftheMAsandthoseofthecontrolsubjectswereindistinguishable.Oneverytest,theMAsscoredinthenormalrange.However,whenthescientistsexaminedwhatpartofthebrainwasusedduringamemoryactivity,theyfoundtheMAsreliedmoreheavilyonareasinthebraininvolvedinspatialmemory.MAsofferanexplanation:anythingcanbefixeduponourmemoriesandkeptinorderbyconstructingabuildingintheimaginationandfillingitwithpicturesofwhatneedstoberecalled.Datingbacktothefifthcentury,thebuildingiscalledamemorypalace.Evenaslateasthefourteenthcentury,whentherewerecopiesofanytext,scholarsneededtorememberwhatwasreadtothem.Readingtorememberrequiresadifferenttechniquethanspeedreading.Ifsomethingismadememorable,ithastoberepeated.Untilrelativelyrecently,peoplereadonlyafewbooksintensively(細(xì)致地)againandagain,usuallyaloud.Todaywereadextensively,usuallyonlyonceandwithoutcontinuousfocus.Sothegreatdifferenceistheabilitytocreateimpressivepicturesinmindandtodoitquickly.Usingmemorypalaces,MAscreatememorizedpictures.Forexample,recombinethepicturestoformunforgettablescenessuchasthewaysthroughatown.Onecompetitorusedhisownbodypartstohelphimmemorizea57,000-worddictionary.Anyonewhowishestotrainthemindneedsfirsttocreatefantasticalpalacesintheimagination.Thentheyshouldcuteachbuildingintocubbyholesformemories.Inashortamountoftime,theywillnoticeimprovementwithrememberingthings.Tokeeptheskillsharp,MAsdeliberatelyemptytheirpalacesaftercompetitions,sotheycanreusethemandtheyrecommendthatbeginnersdothesame.1、WecanlearnfromParagraph2thatamentalathlete______.A．ownsabrainthatislargerinsizeB．showsagiftinmentalabilitytestsC．usesthememorizingtechniquebetterD．dependslessontheareasthatcontrolspatialmemory2、Whydoestheauthormention“speedreading”inParagraph3?A．Todiscussthememorizingtechniqueinthefifthcentury.B．Togivethereasonwhypeoplereadonlyafewbookscarefully.C．Toexplainthetextfourteenthcenturyscholarshadtoremember.D．Tocomparethetypeofreadingnowadayswiththatofearliertimes.3、WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph4?A．Thereisavarietyofunforgettablescenes.B．Memorypalacescanbequicklyforgotten.C．Impressivepicturesareinactualbuildings.D．Onepersonprobablyhas57,000bodyparts.4、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“cubbyholes”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A．Smallspaces. B．Blacksholes.C．Technicalskills. D．Differentnumbers.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Ateamofengineers1．(create)asuper-thinmaterialthatcouldhelpkeepbuildingscoolTheteamdevelopedtherevolutionarynewmaterial,2．isverythinandcancoolobjectsevenunderdirectsunlightThematerialdoesnotneedenergytowork3．doesitneedwatertohelpkeepthingscoolTheengineerssay4．newmaterialcouldprovideananswertoairconditioners,whichareexpensive5．(run)Thematerialisunlikeanything6．(find)innatureItisjust50micrometersthickThat'sslightly7．(thick)thanthealuminumfoil(錫箔紙)weuseforcookingTheengineersexplainedhowtheirnewmaterialworksTheysaidwhenitisputontopofsomething,twothingshappenItcoolstheobjectunderneathby8．(reflect)thesun'sraysbackintospaceAtthesametime,thematerialremovestheobject'sownheatandsendsthatintotheairAnengineersaid:"We'reexcitedabouttheopportunitytoexplorepotentialusesindifferentscientific9．(field)"Anotherresearchersaid:"Just10to20squaremetersofthismaterialontherooftopcould10．(nice)cooldownahouseinsummer"Anewstrictpolicyfromalocalseniorhighschool,1．(introduce)atthebeginningofthissemester,hasraisedargumentsamongpeople2．isrequiredthatallstudentskeeptheirhairscutaccordingtotheschool’srulesforhairlengthandstyle3．isoftenthecase,MrZhang,theteacher4．chargeofstudentaffairsinthisschoolstandsattheschoolgateeveryday,checkingstudents’hairsOncethe“HairInspector”,asheisnicknamedbystudents,findssomeonebreaktherule,hewillsuggestanafter-schoolhaircutSomepeoplesaidthatthisregulationpreventedstudentsfrom5．(show)theirpersonalitiesTheprincipalofthisschool,however,toldreportersthatthehairrulekeptstudentspay6．(much)attentiontostudythanbeforeandmostimportantly,itwouldraisetheir7．(aware)ofschoolrulesThoughcontroversial,thispractice8．(support)bymanystudentsnowTheythinkthattheirhairstylestosomeextentdefinewhotheyareandplay9．importantpartinshapingpeople’simpressionsoftheirschoolsSo,itis10．(true)necessarytoobservetheschoolrulesonhairNotonlycanitrepresenttheschoolspirit,butalsohelpthemavoidcomparisonsSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Schoollifeisaveryimportantpartofone'slife.Itprovidesopportunityforstudyanddiscipline(自律）.Itisalsoapreparatoryperiodforenteringpubliclife.1、.Goodqualitiessuchashonestyanddisciplinearedevelopedinpupils.Theyshowgoodbehaviorintheclassroom，playground，libraryandotherplaces.Schoolisameetingplaceforstudentsandteachers.Schoollifeisgenerallyaperiodofyouth.Inschool，allthestudentsstudytogether.2、.Theyreadtogether，playtogetherandsittogether.Atthistime，theyhaveearlydreamswhichwillcometrueastheygrowolder.3、Studentstakepartingamesandcompetitions.Schoolalsogivesopportunityforthebudding(薪露頭角的)poets，scientists，writers，doctorsandpainters.Itisinschoolthatthestudentsenjoythepleasureofachievingtheirgoals.Teachersarethosewhoguidethestudentsontherightpath.Inschool，teacherstrytoleadstudentsawayfrombadthoughts.4、.Inthelibrary，inclassandincompetitions，studentsgetchancestoimprovethemselves.Aboveall，inexaminationstheytrytoshowtheirbestsides.Thus，theygettheopportunitytotakepartinmoreactivities.5、.Butsomestudentsaresatisfiedwithbadfriendsandtrytoavoidtheinfluenceoftheirteachers.Thosestudentswillmissthejoysoftheirschoollife.A．Theyforgettheirjoysandsorrows.B．Schoolistherightplacet