貴州課標(biāo)英語課件：題型2 第3節(jié) 完成句子型閱讀理解

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閱讀理解第三節(jié)完成句子型閱讀理解項(xiàng)目年份202220212020文

體說明文說明文議論文話

題科普知識科普知識人際交往詞

數(shù)300281268細(xì)節(jié)理解5，36，37，38334，36，37,96，97，98推理判斷3435—句子翻譯——99歸納總結(jié)—38100答題第一步：瀏覽題干，用“______”標(biāo)注定位詞。答題第二步：通讀全文，并用“

”標(biāo)注與題干相關(guān)的關(guān)鍵句。(2022?貴陽)Windpowerisaverycleansourceofenergy.Thisishowwindpowerworks.Windmakeswindmillsspin(旋轉(zhuǎn))．Whenthewindmillsspin,theymakeelectricity.Thenwecanusetheelectricity.定位第1題

1．Windpowercanbeturnedinto________whenwindmillsspin．(由畫波浪線的句子可知，風(fēng)使風(fēng)車旋轉(zhuǎn)，當(dāng)風(fēng)車旋轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)產(chǎn)生電。可以推斷當(dāng)風(fēng)車旋轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)，風(fēng)能被轉(zhuǎn)換成電能。注意：make和beturnedinto之間為同義轉(zhuǎn)化。)第一段大意：風(fēng)能是一種非常清潔的能源。它通過風(fēng)力帶動風(fēng)車旋轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)電。electricityAlotofpeoplethinkthatwindpowerisnew,butthat'snottrue.For

thousandsofyears,peoplehaveusedwindtosailboatsandmovewater.Westilldothosethingstoday,butthesedayswemostlyusewindpowertomakeelectricity.定位第2題

2．Peoplehaveusedwindto__________andmovewater

foralongtime.(由畫波浪線的句子可知，人們使用風(fēng)來行船和運(yùn)水。)第二段大意：人們早在數(shù)千年前就已經(jīng)開始利用風(fēng)能。sailboatsWindpowerisaverypopularsourceofenergy.Mostpeoplethinkthatweshoulduseitmoreandmore.Firstofall,it'sclean.Windmillsdon'tpollutetheenvironmentatall.Second,wecanusewindpowerforever.Afterall,wewillalwayshavewind.Also,windpowerischeap,andit'sgettingevencheaper.定位第5題

5．Thispassagemainlyintroducesakindofclean，_________________energytous.(由畫波浪線的句子可知，本文介紹的這種能源具有清潔、持久和便宜的特征)第三段大意：風(fēng)力作為能源具有清潔、持久和便宜的優(yōu)勢。cheapandcommonAlotofpeopledon'tunderstandwindpowerverywell.Theybelievethatthereareproblemswithwindpower,butmanyofthoseproblemsarenotreal.Forexample,somepeoplesaythatwindmillsaredangerousforbirds.Thatusedtobetrue,butitisn'ttrueanymore.Oldwindmillskilledbirdsbecausetheyspunveryfast.New

windmillsspinslowly,andtheyaren'tdangerousforbirds.定位第3題

3.New

windmillsdon't___________becausetheyspinataslowspeed．(由畫波浪線的句子可知，舊的風(fēng)車殺死鳥是因?yàn)樗鼈冃D(zhuǎn)得非?？?，而新的風(fēng)車旋轉(zhuǎn)得慢，因此不會對鳥構(gòu)成威脅，即不會殺死鳥)第四段大意：很多人不是很理解風(fēng)能。有人覺得風(fēng)車會殺死鳥，但是新的風(fēng)車因?yàn)樾D(zhuǎn)得慢，對鳥來說已經(jīng)不危險(xiǎn)了。killbirdsHowever,therearerealproblemswithwindmills.Oneproblemisthatmanypeoplethinkwindmillsareveryugly.Thisisaproblemforsomepeoplebecausewindmillsareofteninveryprettyareas.Also,winddoesn'tblowallthetime,sowecan'tusewindpowerallthetime.Finally,windmillsarenoisy.定位第4題

4．Oneoftherealproblemswithwindmillsisthatthey________________________________________________________.(由畫波浪線的句子可知，風(fēng)車真正的問題在于：首先，很多人認(rèn)為風(fēng)車很丑；其次，因?yàn)轱L(fēng)不會一直刮，因此我們不能一直使用風(fēng)車；最后，風(fēng)車很吵。以上問題任選其一即可)第五段大意：風(fēng)車有幾個(gè)真正的問題，首先它們丑，然后它們不能一直使用，最后它們有點(diǎn)吵。areveryugly/can'tbeusedallthetime/arenoisy/makenoiseWindpowerisbecomingmoreandmorecommon.Rightnow,morethan80countriesusewindpower.About2.5percentoftheworld'spowercomesfromthewind.Forsomecountries,thatnumberisalothigher.WindpowergivesDenmarkmorethan25percentofitselectricity.第六段大意：風(fēng)能正在變得越來越普及。答題第三步：跟讀關(guān)鍵詞所在的句子，將題干與原文進(jìn)行對比、歸納，確定答案。答題第四步：復(fù)讀全文，檢查答案?！敬鸢杆俨椤?.electricity

2.sailboats

3.killbirds

4.areveryugly/can'tbeusedallthetime/arenoisy/makenoise

5.cheapandcommon答題第五步：核對答案，反思錯題。A(2021?貴陽)閱讀下面一篇短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容填空。①Scienceisthebestwaywehaveoffindingoutabouttheworld.

Scientistscollectevidence(證據(jù)).Theyhaveideasaboutthewaythingswork.Scienceteststhoseideas.Sometimesthetestwillshowthattheideaisnotcorrect.Iftheideapassesthetest,itaddstoourunderstanding.小試牛刀1．Accordingtothepassage,weknowthatsciencecanhelpus_________________________.(由畫波浪線的句子可知，科學(xué)是我們發(fā)現(xiàn)世界最好的方式，即科學(xué)可以幫助我們發(fā)現(xiàn)世界)findoutabouttheworld

②Scientistsmakeobservations(觀察).Theymaylook,orlisten.Theymayreadtheworkofotherscientists.

Thisgivesthemideas.Youcandothis.Youcanlookaroundyou.Youcanaskquestions.Youcanplanatesttofindout.Youcandiscoversomethingnew.

2．Wecanknowscientiststry______________tomakeobservationsinParagraph2.(由畫波浪線的句子可知，科學(xué)家嘗試用不同的方法進(jìn)行觀察。他們可以看，也可以聽，還可以閱讀其他科學(xué)家的著作)differentwaysScientistsmakepredictions.Theysaysomethingaboutthefuture.Theymightsay“ifIdothis,thenIthinkthatwillhappen”.IsaacNewtonwasafamousscientist.Whenheshonewhitelightthroughaglassprism,hesawaspectrum(光譜)ofdifferentcolors.Newtonpredictedwhatwouldhappenifheshonethespectrumthroughasecondprism.Hethoughtthecolorswouldcometogetherandhewouldseewhitelightagain.Hetriedit.

③Heshoneaspectrumthroughasecondprism.Hewasright.Thecolorsmadewhitelight.

Hediscoveredthatwhitelightismadeupofmanycolors.3．AfterNewtonshoneaspectrumofdifferentcolorsthroughtheprism,hesaw

___________.(由畫波浪線的句子可知，牛頓把不同顏色的光譜通過第二個(gè)棱鏡，這些顏色構(gòu)成了白光。由此可知，他看到的是白光)whitelightIt'simportanttotestyourideas.It'simportanttoplanafairtest.Ascientistwonderedhowatreegrows.Wheredoesallthatmaterialcomefrom?Wasitfromthesoil?Heplantedayoungtreeinapot.Heweighedthepot,thedrysoilandthetreeatthestartofhistest.Yearslater,thetreehadgrowntall.Ithadmanybranchesandleaves.Thescientistdugitup.Heweighedit.Thetreeweighedfarmorethanwhenitwasyoung.Thenheweighedthepotandthedrysoil.Itweighedjustabitless.Wherehadallthenewtreematerialcomefrom?④Hedecidedthattreesusewater,andagasfromtheair,togrow.4．Thescientistdidatestandfoundthattreescangrowbecauseof__________________________.(由畫波浪線的句子可知，樹利用水和空氣中的某種氣體來成長)5．Wehavelearnedthat____________________________fromthepassage.(通讀全文，尤其是第一段可知，科學(xué)家通過科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證自己的想法，也就是我們常說的實(shí)踐出真知)waterandagasfromtheairknowledgecomesfrompractice【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了科學(xué)是我們發(fā)現(xiàn)世界的最好方法?？茖W(xué)家們嘗試了不同的方法進(jìn)行觀察，并舉例說明著名的科學(xué)家牛頓是怎樣發(fā)現(xiàn)白光的，以及另一位科學(xué)家是如何得出樹木利用水和空氣中的氣體來生長的結(jié)論的。B(2020?貴陽)閱讀下面一篇短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容填空。Howwouldyoufeelifmovingtoanewtownmeantlosingtrackofyourfriends?Whatiftheonlywayofgettingnewsfromfarawayfriendswaswritinglettersthattookagestobedelivered(遞送)?Thiswashowthingsworkednotverylongago.

①Thankstoadvancesintechnology,howwemakefriendsandcommunicatewiththemhaschangedgreatly.1．Waysofmakingfriendsandcommunicatingwiththemhavechangedgreatlybecauseof____________________.(由畫波浪線的句子可知，因?yàn)榧夹g(shù)的發(fā)展，交友和交流的方式發(fā)生了很大的改變)advancesintechnologyNowadays,wecanmovearoundtheworldandstillstayintouchwithourfriends.

②Socialmediatools(社交媒體工具)letusseewhatourfriendsarebusywithandmaintainfriendships.Thedigital(數(shù)字)agealsoenablesustofindpeoplewhoshareourinterests.Whateverourhobbies,theInternetcanconnectuswithotherswhoalsoenjoydoingthem,eveniftheyliveontheothersideoftheworld.2．Tostayintouchwithourfarawayfriends,wecan__________________.(由畫波浪線的句子可知，我們可以使用社交媒體工具和遠(yuǎn)方的朋友們保持聯(lián)系)usesocialmediatoolsButwhenyou“friend”peopleonline,doesthismeanthattheyreallyareyourfriends?Itdepends.③Ifpeoplealwaysexchangetruepersonalinformationonline,thenyes,thesefriendshipscanberealandmeaningful.Butweneedtorememberthatwhatweseeonsocialmediaisoftennotthewholetruthaboutaperson.Sometimessmilingphotoscanhiderealproblems.OntheInternet,nobodyknowsyou'readog.Ayoungpersoncouldbeold;awomancouldbeaman;wecouldevenbesharingourinformationwithcriminals.3．Onlinefriendshipscanberealandmeaningfulifpeople________________________________

witheachother.(由畫波浪線的句子可知，如果人們交換真實(shí)的個(gè)人信息，網(wǎng)上的友誼就是真實(shí)、有意義真的友誼)sharetruepersonalinformation④Butthisdoesn'tmeanthatweshouldthrowthebabyoutwiththebathwater.Althoughtechnologyhaschangedthewayweacquire(獲得)friends,themeaningoffriendshipandourlongingforfriendsremainthesame.AsAristotlesaid,noonewouldchoosetolivewithoutfriends,evenifhehadallothergoods.4．Thephrase“throwthebabyoutwiththebathwater”means“__________________________________”inChinese.(該句的字面意思為“把孩子連同洗澡水一起丟掉”，結(jié)合作者的觀點(diǎn)可知，其引申含義為“丟棄不想要的東西的同時(shí)失去寶貴的東西”)5．Thispassagemainlytalksabout_____________________________ofmakingfriendsonline.(通讀全文可知，文章主要論述了在網(wǎng)上交友的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn))【文章大意】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要討論了網(wǎng)上交友的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)。丟棄不要的東西的同時(shí)失去寶貴的東西advantagesanddisadvantagesA人與自然—身邊的自然現(xiàn)象與生態(tài)環(huán)境閱讀下面一篇短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容填空。Whenyouhearthewordshape-shifting,youmaythinkofsciencefictions,andnottheclimate.Butthat'swhatanimalsaredoingtodealwithclimatechange.

①Anewstudyshowsthatsomeanimalsaregraduallygrowinglargerbeaks(鳥喙),legsandears.Inthisway,theycanloseheatmoreeasilytocoolthemselvesdownastheearthgetswarmer1．Animalsaregrowinglargerbeaks,legsandearsmainlybecauseof

_____________.(由畫波浪線的句子可知，動物的形態(tài)發(fā)生變化是因?yàn)樘鞖庾兓?climatechange

“Alotofthetimewhenwetalkaboutclimatechange,weask‘Canhumansovercomethis？’or‘Whattechnologycansolvethis？’Butweshouldknowthatanimalsalsohavetoadapt(適應(yīng))tothesechanges，”saidthestudy'sauthor,SaraRyding,fromDeakinUniversity,Australia.

②Ifanimalsfailtocontroltheirbodytemperature,theycanoverheatanddie.

2．Fromthepassage,weknowanimalscanoverheatanddieifthey_____________theirbodytemperature.(由畫波浪線的句子可知，如果動物不能控制它們的體溫，它們會過熱而死亡)failtocontrol

③Inoneexample,thebeaksofsomeAustralianparrotspecieshavegrown4to10percentlargersince1871.Thestudysaysit'scloselyrelatedtorisingsummertemperaturesovertheyears.Similarexamplesincludewoodmice.Theyhavelongertails.Maskedshrews(假面鼩鼱)aregettinglongertailsandlegs,andbats(蝙蝠)inwarmclimateshavebiggerwings.3．InParagraph4,animalssuchasbats,maskedshrews,__________________________andwoodmicehavethesimilarwaystodealwiththeclimatechange.(由畫波浪線的句子可知，蝙蝠、假面鼩鼱、一些澳洲鸚鵡品種和木鼠等動物都有類似的方式來應(yīng)對氣候變化)someAustralianparrotspeciesAlthoughthechangesarestillsmall,Rydingsaidtheycouldbemoreobviousasthedaysbecomehotter.

“Bodypartslikeearsarepredictedtobebigger,sowemightendupwithalive-actionDumbo,big-earedelephantfromaDisneycartoon,inthenearfuture，”RydingtoldBBC.Althoughanimalsarechangingtheirbodyshapes,scientistswarnthatitdoesn'tmeaneverythingisfine.Itjustmeanstheyaretryinghardtolive.Notallanimalswillsucceed.

“Theclimatechangethatwehavecreatedisgivingawholelotofpressureonthem,andwhilesomeanimalswilladapt,otherswillnot，”saidRyding.4．Theunderlinedwordshape-shiftinginParagraph1means“____”inChinese.(通讀全文可知，文章主要講述的是動物隨著氣候變化做出自身改變。結(jié)合shape-shifting中的shape可知，該詞意為“變形”)5．Youmayreadthepassagein__________________.(通讀全文可知，本文是一篇關(guān)于動物的科普文章，最有可能出自動物雜志)【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了氣候的變化給動物帶來了壓力，我們需要采取措施來改變這種現(xiàn)狀。變形ananimalmagazineB人與自然——身心健康閱讀下面一篇短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容填空。

①Whatmakespeoplegainweight?Thisseemslikeasimpleenoughquestiontoanswer.

①Ifweeatalotanddon'tdoenoughexercise,wewillbecomefat.However,thesciencebehindweightproblemsismorecomplicated(復(fù)雜的)thanwethink.

1．Peoplewillgainweightifthey__________________________________.(由畫波浪線的句子可知，如果人們吃得多且不鍛煉，他們將會增重)eatalotanddon'tdoenoughexerciseAsweknow,whatweeatgreatlyaffectsourweight.Itiswidelyacceptedthatpeoplehave100%controloverwhattheyeatandhowmuchtheyeat.This,however,isonlypartlytrue.Peopleformhabitsaroundfoodatayoungage.Youmayhardlytouchvegetableswhileovereatingfriedchicken.

②Meanwhile,theservingsizeandthebackgroundmusiccanbothaffecthowmuchweeat.2．Whatweeatisaffectedbyhabitsaroundfood,______________________________________.(由畫波浪線的句子可知，飲食習(xí)慣、分量和背景音樂會影響我們的進(jìn)食量)theservingsizeandthebackgroundmusic③Ourbodiesthemselvescandecidewhetherwearemorelikelytogainweightorloseweight.Scientistshavefoundthatthemoredeliciousthefoodis,themoreexcitedourbrainsget.Ifweoftenhavedeliciousfoodovertime,ourbrainswillchange.Comparedtopeopleofnormalweight,fatpeoplefeelmoreexcitedwhentheyseedeliciousfo