2023年怒江傈僳族自治州福貢縣考研《英語一》臨考沖刺試卷含解析

2023年怒江傈僳族自治州福貢縣考研《英語一》臨考沖刺試卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)完形填空閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從1-20各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Ayoungmanwasgettingreadytograduatefromcollege.Hehad1abeautifulsportscarinadealer'sshowroomformanymonths.Knowinghisfathercouldwell2it,hetoldhimthatwasallhewanted.3GraduationDaycamenear,theyoungmanexpectedthathisfatherhadboughtthegift.4,onthemorningofhisgraduation,hisfathercalledhimintohisownstudyandtoldhimhow5hewastohavesuchafineson.Hehandedhissonabeautifulwrappedgiftbox.Curious,andsomewhat_________,theyoungmanopenedtheboxandfoundalovelybook.6,heraisedhisvoiceathisfather,andsaid,"7allyourmoneyyougivemeabook?"andrushedoutofthehouse8thebookinhisstudy.Manyyearspassed.Theyoungmandidnotcontacthisfather9onedayhereceivedatelegram_________himhisfatherhadpassedawayandwilledallofhis10tohisson.Whenhearrivedathisfather's,suddensadnessandregret11hisheart.Hebeganto_________hisfather'simportantpapersandsawthestillgift-wrappedbook,justashehadleftityearsago.Withtears,heopenedthebookandbeganto12thepages.Hisfatherhadcarefully_________averse(詩),“Andifyou,beingevil,knowhowtogivegoodgiftstoyourchildren,howmuchmoreshallyourHeavenlyFatherwhichisinHeaven,givetothosewhoaskhim?”Suddenly,acarkey_________fromthebackofthebook.Ithadatagwiththedealer'sname,the13dealerwhohadthesportscarhehad14.Onthetagwasthe15ofhisgraduation,andthewords:PAIDINFULL.1、A．exceptedB．enjoyedC．a(chǎn)dmiredD．owned2、A．offerB．keepC．supportD．a(chǎn)fford3、A．AsB．WhileC．SinceD．Although4、A．HoweverB．FinallyC．QuietlyD．Actually5、A．encouragedB．comfortableC．proudD．moved6、A．excitedB．nervousC．interestedD．disappointed7、A．AngrilyB．EagerlyC．CalmlyD.Anxiously8、A．AtB．WithC．ByD．From9、A．toastingB．puttingC．forgettingD．leaving10、A．a(chǎn)fterB．untilC．sinceD．because11、A．a(chǎn)skingB．a(chǎn)nnouncingC．tellingD．discovering12、A．treasuresB．possessionsC．wealthD．eagerness13、A．filledB．caughtC．a(chǎn)ttackedD．beat14、A．pickupB．remindofC．searchthroughD．referto15、A．cleanB．turnC．readD．count16、A．madeB．writtenC．underlinedD．designed17、A．lostB．a(chǎn)ppearedC．showedD．dropped18、A．oldB．newC．sameD．special19、A．rememberedB．desiredC．foundD．met20、A．wordB．pictureC．placeD．dateSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Theyear3700，Earthisfartoohotforanyhumantocallithome．Onthisplanetatleast，manisnothingmorethanamemory-ifthereisanythinglefttorememberthe"wiseman"．Butwhataboutourwisdom-willanyofitsurviveus？Theconventionalanswerisno．Knowledgerequiresaknower，andtherewillbenoknowingmindsaroundthen．Butifinformationsurvives，perhapsinbooksorharddrives，maybetheknowledgeisn'tquitedeadbutdormant（休眠），readytobecomealivewiththehelpofothermindsthatdevelopovertimeorcometovisitEarthinthedistantfuture．Atfirstsight，thatseemstobereasonable：afterall，wehavedonesimilarthingswithpastknowledge．Forexample，wesavedanancientcomputerfromashipdestroyedatseaoffthesoutherncoastofGreece，andsucceededinfindingthemeaningofEgyptianhieroglyphics（象形文字）．Carefulworkcanbringpreviouslylostwisdombacktolife．However，thekeypointisthatthereisacertainculturalcontinuitywiththoseancienttimesthatallowsustoreasonandmakeprogressinthedark：weknowwearedealingwiththelegacy（遺贈(zèng)）ofotherhumans．Withoutthatlink，thesurvivalofobjectsandrawdatadoesn'tguaranteethesurvivalofknowledge．Andalackofcontinuityinlanguagewithanyfutureintelligencewouldbeabarrier．Knowledgeiscloselyconnectedwithlanguage．Whenalanguagediesout，wecanlosesystemsofreasoningthattheycontain．Ifthat'slost，thenitcan'tberecovered．Allthismeansthatothermindsmightnotbeabletofullymakehumanknowledgealivewhenwearegone．Itisbettertoconcentrateonnotdyingoutinthefirstplace．1、WhatisthemainpurposeofParagraph1？______A．Topresentaninterestingidea．B．Tostateaproblemofthefuture．C．Toinformusoftheearthin3700．D．Tointroducethetopicofthetext．2、Whatdothewords"similarthings"inParagraph3probablyreferto？______A．Developingtheminds．B．Rememberingthewiseman．C．Makinglostwisdomaliveagain．D．Learningfromtheancientcivilization．3、Whatplaysthekeypartingettingculturalcontinuityaccordingtothetext？______A．Language．B．Intelligence．C．Knowledge．D．Information．4、Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext？______A．Canhumanbeingsliveon？B．Willourwisdomsurviveus？C．HowwecanprotectourcultureD．WhattheearthwillbelikeinthefutureText2Ride-hailingappsandrobotcarspromisetochangehowwegetaroundandtheeffectsarealreadybeingfelt.TrafficinNewYorkisslowingdown.JamsarecommoninManhattan,especiallyinitsbusinessdistricts.Daytimetrafficinthebusiestareasnowmovesalmost20%moreslowlythanitdidfiveyearsago.Itseemsaplaceripeforwideuseofride-hailingappsthat,youmightthink,wouldreducesomeofthejams.However,thoseappsappeartobemakingthingsworseastraffichasslowedinlinewiththegrowingpopularityofappssuchasUberandLyft,astudybytransportexpertBruceSchallersuggests.Overthefouryearsofthestudy,thenumberofcarsinManhattanseekingride-hailingfaresincreasedby81%.Therearenowabout68,000ride-sharingdriversacrossNewYork.That’saboutfivetimesthenumberoftheyellowcabslicensedtooperatethere,hefound.Therearesomanydrivers,hisworksuggests,whospendabout45%oftheirsparetimejusttouringforfares.Thatisalotofunusedcarsblockingalotofbusystreets.Simplephysicsexplainswhyride-sharingvehiclesarecausing,notcuringjams,saidJarrettWalker,apublictransportpolicyexpertwhohasadvisedhundredsofcitiesaboutmovingpeople.“Lotsofpeoplearedecidingthat,’Oh,publictransportisjusttoomuchtroublethismorning,’orwhenever,whichcausesashiftfromit,”hetoldtheBBC．“Thatmeansmovingpeoplefromlargervehiclesintosmallerones,whichmeansmorevehiclestomovethesamepeople.Therefore,moretraffic.”Datagatheredaboutride-sharingdriversillustrateshowtheycontributetocongestion(塞車),saidProf.ChristoWilson,acomputerscientistatNortheasternUniversitywhohasstudiedtheservices.“YoucanlookatthetrafficpatternfortheUbervehiclesanditperfectlymatchesthepeaksfortherushhourandthepeaktimeofaday,”hesaid.Theyareoutthereinforceattheworstpossibletimes.1、WhatcanweknowaboutthecabsinNewYork?A．Morecabsareneededtomeetthedemand.B．Theyoftentouraroundthecityseekingusers.C．Theirfaresincreasedgreatlyoverthefouryears.D．Thenumberofthemisfarlessthanride-sharingcars.2、WhatisChristoWilson’sattitudetowardride-sharingpractice?A．Neutral B．NegativeC．Indifferent D．Supportive3、Whichofthefollowingbestreplaces“it”underlinedinParagraph5.A．Ajam. B．PublictransportC．Acar. D．Aride-sharingvehicle.4、Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．WorseRoadJams. B．AppMakesTerribleJams.C．EffortsNeededforTraffic. D．TechnologyCountsinFuture.Text3Microsofthasdevelopedanewsmartphoneappthatinterpretseyesignalsandtranslatesthemintoletters,allowingpeoplewithmotorneuronediseasetocommunicatewithothersfromaphone.TheGazeSpeakappcombinesasmartphone’scamerawithartificialintelligencetorecognizeeyemovementsinrealtimeandconvertthemintoletters,wordsandsentences.ForpeoplesufferingfromALS（漸凍癥）,alsoknownasmotorneuronedisease,eyemovementcanbetheonlywaytheyareabletocommunicate.“Currenteye-trackinginputsystemsforpeoplewithALSorothermotorimpairmentsareexpensive,notrobustundersunlight,andinconvenienttooperateandcarry,”saidXiaoyiZhang,aresearcheratMicrosoftwhodevelopedthetechnology.“Toovercomethedrawbacks,wecreatedGazeSpeak,whichisdesignedtobelow-cost,robust,portableandeasytolearn.”Theappisusedbythelistenerbypointinghissmartphoneatthespeaker.Achartthatcanbestucktothebackofthesmartphoneisthenusedbythespeakertodeterminewhicheyemovementstomakeinordertocommunicate.Thestickershowsfourgridsofletters,whicheachcorrespondstoadifferenteyemovement.Bylookingup,down,leftorright,thespeakerselectswhichgridstheletterstheywantbelongto.Theartificialintelligencesystemisthenabletopredictthewordorsentencetheyaretryingtosay.Zhang’sresearch,Smartphone-BasedGazeGestureCommunicationforPeoplewithMotorDisabilities,issettobepresentedattheConferenceonHumanFactorsinComputingSystemsinMay.1、What’sthemajorfunctionofParagraph1?A．Toarousethereader’sconcern.B．Tosummarizethewholepassage.C．TostatehowGazeSpeakappworks.D．Tointroducethetopicofthepassage.2、TheGazeSpeakappisdesignedto.A．converteyemovementsintoletters,wordsandsentencesB．helpALSsuffererscommunicatewithothersC．useartificialintelligencetocontrolacameraD．beusedbythepeoplewhotalkwithALSsufferers3、TheGazeSpeakappisaneye-trackinginputsystemwhichis.A．expensiveB．inconvenientC．notrobustD．Portable4、Theartificialintelligencesystemisabletopredictthewordsby.A．selectingtherightlettersthrougheyemovementsB．pointingsmartphoneatthespeakerC．stickingacharttothesmartphoneD．showingfourgridsofletterstothelistenersText4Peoplehavedifferentwaysofdealingwithacommoncold.Sometakeover-the-counter(非處方的)medicinessuchasaspirinwhileotherstrypopularhomeremedies(治療)likeherbalteaorchickensoup.Yethereisthetoughtruthaboutthecommoncold:nothingreallycuresit.Sowhydopeoplesometimesbelievethattheirremedieswork?AccordingtoJamesTaylor,professorattheUniversityofWashington,coldsusuallygoawayontheirowninaboutaweek,improvingalittleeachdayaftersymptomspeak,soit’seasytobelieveit’smedicineratherthantimethatdeservesthecredit,USATodayreported.Itstillseemshardtobelievethatwecandealwithmoreseriousdiseasesyetarepowerlessagainstsomethingsocommonasacold.Recently,scientistscameclosertofiguringoutwhy.Tounderstandit,youfirstneedtoknowhowantiviral(抗病毒的)drugswork.Theyattackthevirusbyattachingtoandchangingthesurfacestructuresofthevirus.Todothat,thedrugmustfitandlockintothevirusliketherightpieceofajigsaw(拼圖),whichmeansscientistshavetoidentifythevirusandbuilda3-Dmodeltostudyitssurfacebeforetheycandesignanantiviraldrugthatiseffectiveenough.Thetwocoldvirusesthatscientistshadlongknownaboutwererhinovirus(鼻病毒)AandB．Buttheydidn’tfindoutabouttheexistenceofathirdvirus,rhinovirusC,until2006.Allthreeofthemcontributetothecommoncold,butdrugsthatworkwellagainstrhinovirusAandBhavelittleeffectwhenusedagainstC．“Thisexplainsmostofthepreviousfailuresofdrugtrialsagainstrhinovirus,”studyleaderProfessorAnnPalmenbergatUniversityofWisconsin-Madison,US,toldScienceDaily.Now,morethan10yearsafterthediscoveryofrhinovirusC,scientistshavefinallybuiltahighly-detailed3-Dmodelofthevirus,showingthatthesurfaceofthevirusis,asexpected,differentfromthatofothercoldviruses.Withthemodelinhand,hopefullyarealcureforacommoncoldisonitsway.Soon,wemaynolongerhavetowasteourmoneyonmedicinesthatdon’treallywork.1、Whatdoestheauthorthinkofpopularremediesforacommoncold?A．Theyarequiteeffective.B．Theyareslightlyhelpful.C．Theyactuallyhavenoeffect.D．Theystillneedtobeimproved.2、Howdoantiviraldrugswork?A．Bybreakingupcoldvirusesdirectly.B．Bychangingthesurfacestructuresofthecoldviruses.C．Bypreventingcoldsfromdevelopingintoseriousdiseases.D．Byabsorbingdifferentkindsofcoldvirusesatthesametime.3、Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A．Thesurfaceofcoldviruseslooksquitesimilar.B．Scientistshavealreadyfoundacureforthecommoncold.C．ScientistswerenotawareoftheexistenceofrhinovirusCuntilrecently.D．Knowingthestructureofcoldvirusesisthekeytodevelopinganeffectivecure.4、Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?A．Drugsagainstcoldviruses B．HelpfulhomeremediesC．Nocurrentcureforcommoncold D．ResearchoncoldvirusesPartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)“Carnival”comesfromtowLatinwords,1．(mean)“Nomoremeat”InEurope,2．itbegan,peoplesawcarnivalasthelastchancetohavefunattheendofthewinterseason3．(have)funmeanteating,drinkinganddressingupThemostfamouscarnivalwasinVeniceAtfirst,itlastedforjustoneday4．timepassed,thecarnivalperiodwasextendedPeoplewalkedaroundthestreetswearingmasks,doing5．theywantedwithout6．(recognize)Later,wearingmaskswaslimitedbylawFinally,attheendofthe18thcentury,masks7．(ban)completelyButin8．late1970s,thetraditionwasrevivedbystudentsandthefestivalwasdevelopedfortouristsToday,carnivalinVeniceiscelebratedforfivedaysinFebruaryHotelsare9．(full)bookedandthenarrowstreetsarecrowded10．wonderfulcostumesIfthekeytoRioismusicandmovement,theninVeniceitisthemysteryofmasksIworkedin1．factorywhenIwasyoungWorkinglongandhard,Itreasuredmylunchbreaks,during2．IcouldreadlotsofcomicbooksSuperman,Batman,SpidermanandIronManweresomeof3．(I)heroesTherewerealwaystwodistinct4．(pattern)inthosebooksFirst,therewasalwaysabattle5．goodandevilThebattlewasalwaystough6．strongthesuperherowas,evilpushedhimtotheverylimitandmosttimesalmost7．(defeat)himSecond,thesuperherowasneverpaidbythesocietySupermanmademoneyasanewspaperreporter;Batman,anindustrialist;Spiderman,aphotographer;IronMan,theownerofStarkIndustries8．ofthemwerepaidforbeingasuperheroandthecontributionstheymadeInotherwords,thoughtheyhaverisked9．(do)everythingforothers,realheroesdon’tgetpaidforthesuperherostuffWecanalldosuperherostuff—volunteeringHelpingsomeoneinneed,ordoinganything10．(benefit)thattakestime,effort,energyorresourcesUseyourpowerswell!SectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)LearntoCiteSources(引用資料)Duringyouruniversityeducation,you’llbeexposedtoideasandscientifictheoriesofscholarsandscientists.Unavoidably,yourownideaswillbeshapedbytheideasyoucomeacross.1、Thatmeansyoushouldgobeyondwhatyoulearninyourtextbooksorinthelibrary.Youroriginalworkisthebasisforyourprofessor’sevaluationofyourperformance.Thus,academichonestyisfundamentalinyouruniversityeducation.Itdemandsthatyoucitethesourcematerialsyoubaseyourownworkon.2、Correctlycitingyoursourceshelpsyoudistinguishyourownideasfromthoseofotherscholars.Onthereaders’side,itpermitsareadertodeterminethedepthofyourresearch.3、Onthecontrary,lackofcitingwillonlyraiseyourreader’sdoubt.Soyouneedtolearnwhentociteandhowtoprovideanadequateoraccuratereferencelist.Ifyoufailtociteyoursources,whetherdeliberatelyorcarelessly,youwillbefoundresponsibleforplagiarism(抄襲).4、Ifyouarenotsure,askyourprofessorforguidancebeforesubmittingthepaperorreport.Keepinmindthisgeneralrule:whenindoubt,cite!5、Forexample,studentsfromEastAsiamaythinkthatcopyingdirectlyfromsourcesistheproperwaytodoresearch.StudentsinFrance,preparingforthefinalexamination,maybeencouragedtomemorizewholepassagesandcopythemintopapers.Thoseculturaldifferencescanleadtofalseassumptionsaboutacademicexpectationsinthecountryyoustudyin.A．Someuniversitystudentsmaycheatindifferentways.B．Theseincludeotherscholars’ideas,figures,graphsandsoon.C．Theacademicchallengeyoufaceistomakesomethingoriginal.D．Often,studentswanttouseothers’opinionstosupporttheirownessays.E.Italsoallowsareadertoappreciateyouroriginalcontributiontotheresearch.F.Forinternationalstudents,itisimportanttoknowlocalacademicexpectations.G.Notknowingacademicregulationsisanunacceptableexcuseforsuchbehavior.FoursimplewaystostaypositiveTryingtostaypositive，bothingoodtimesandbad，isagreatwaytoimproveyourqualityoflife．Trythesefourmethodsonadailybasis．Don'tthinkalotaboutnegativity．O