考研《英語一》2023年巴青縣巔峰沖刺試卷含解析

考研《英語一》2023年巴青縣巔峰沖刺試卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)OneBiteataTimeStephenwasoncampustoregisterwhenIfirstmethim.Onesummerday1Iwasheadingfortheadministrationbuilding,Iheardsomeonecallmyname.I2aroundandsawPhilip,oneofmycolleaguesstandingwithanotheryoungman.AsPhilipintroducedmetotheyoungman,namedStephen,heremindedhimthathewouldbetakingoneofmy3,IntroductiontoLiterature.Withasomewhat4expression,Stephenaskedifmyclasswasgoingtobe"hard".Wouldhebeabletopass?I5hewasconcernedaboutfailingbeforethe6dayofclasses.Wetalkedaboutwhattheclasswould7andIsawStephen'seyesgettingbigwith8.ThenIrememberedabitofclassicaldialog:Question:"Howdoyoueatanelephant?"Answer:"Onebiteatatime."Itoldhimto9hisworkthatway.Todohisassignment,allofthem,andtogettheminontime.Iaddedthatmost10studentsIknewmadeatimetableofalltheassignmentsotheycould11theirworkload.Astimewenton,IlearnedmoreofStephen'sstory.Hehad12inmiddleschool.Ithadtakenhimlongertofinishthanmostyoungpeople.Familymembers,includinghismother,keptremindinghimthathewasa13.Now,inthefaceoftheirnegative-sayinghehadbeenadmittedintocollege.Hetoldmethatbeforecomingtoourcampusnoonehadbelievedhehadmuch14.Stephendidn'tbecomean"A"student.Hedidn'tmakeanyhonorrolls.Still,hemanagedto15mostofhiscoursesbybeinginclasseveryday,turninginallofhisassignmentontimeandbreakingdownhisstudyinginto16digestibleparts.Bypassingcourseaftercoursehebegantogainameasureofself-respect.Hewasagreatsingerandhewas17theschool'scross-countryteam.EverytimeIsawhimoncampus,hewouldbrightenupandsay,"Onebiteatatime."Wheneverheintroducedmetohisfriends,hewouldtellthemthathewas18whenhewassupposedtobefailing.His19,hesaid,wasthathewas20whatItaughthimbeforeclasseseverstarted:"Takeitonebiteatatime."1、A．a(chǎn)fter B．when C．until D．once2、A．turned B．sat C．moved D．went3、A．jobs B．tests C．classes D．projects4、A．innocent B．a(chǎn)ngry C．inspired D．pained5、A．sensed B．imagined C．heard D．a(chǎn)dmitted6、A．gathering B．parting C．closing D．opening7、A．change B．a(chǎn)djust C．cover D．produce8、A．interest B．a(chǎn)nger C．fear D．excitement9、A．a(chǎn)void B．continue C．present D．a(chǎn)pproach10、A．quiet B．optimistic C．energetic D．successful11、A．plan B．increase C．reduce D．measure12、A．fitted B．hesitated C．struggled D．progressed13、A．cheat B．failure C．winner D．leader14、A．experience B．information C．potential D．honor15、A．pass B．begin C．take D．design16、A．full-sized B．bite-sized C．pocket-sized D．medium-sized17、A．for B．on C．a(chǎn)t D．of18、A．changing B．recovering C．concentrating D．succeeding19、A．secret B．skill C．reply D．theory20、A．spreading B．considering C．practicing D．expressingSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Belowareseveralprogramsdesignedforstudents.ARCCGapARCCGaphasbeenofferingprogramsforyoungadultssince1983.ARCCGapSemesterprogramsareanopportunitytoliveandlearninsomeofthegreatestclassroomsonearth.OurSemesterprogramstakestudentsonajourneyofdiscoveryoflocalpeoples,places,culturesandideas.ProgramLocations:International—Africa,Asia,LatinAmerica,andIndiaPhone:415-332-5075Email:gap@ThinkingBeyondBordersThinkingBeyondBorders’gapyearprogramsarespecificallydesignedforstudentswholikelearningandareeagertocreatemeaningfulsocialchangeintheworld.Wecombineworkingwithinspiringlocalleaders,andengagereadingsanddiscussionstocreateanexciting,supportive,andtransformationallearningenvironment.TBB’sfull-yearandsemesteroptionsincludea7-countryGlobalGapYear.ProgramLocation(s):International—Global,SouthAmerica,AsiaPhone:203-993-0236CampsInternationalOurinspirationalAGAprogramsgiveyouthechancetolivewiththecommunitiesyouwillbesupportingandworkwithlocalsonserviceprojectsthatmakeasignificantandlastingdifferencetopeople’slives.Youcanalsocontributetoprotectingtheenvironmentandendangeredwildlife.ProgramLocations:Kenya,Borneo,Cambodia,Ecuador,PeruandournewestlocationsCostaRica,NicaraguaPhone:441425485390Email:rcig@campsintemational.co.ukRaleighInternationalFormorethan30yearsRaleighInternationalhasbeenrunninglife-changingExpeditionstosomeofthemostremoteplacesontheplanet.ARaleighExpeditionisoverseasvolunteering.Our5,7or10-weekExpeditionsprovideexposuretodifferentpeople,newcultures,situations,andenvironments.Thisisyourchancetocreatearealchangeinthecommunitiesthatneeditmost,andtodeveloparangeofskillsforyourself.ProgramLocations:Africa,AsiaandIndiaPhone:0044(0)20718312701、WhatdoARCCGapandThinkingBeyondBordershaveincommon?A．Theyaretobringaboutsocialchanges.B．Theyaredesignedtotrainyoungleaders.C．Theyhaveahistoryofaboutthreedecades.D．Theparticipantswilltraveltodifferentcontinents.2、WhatistheadvantageoftakingpartinCampsInternational?A．Gainingthechancetogetsupport.B．Knowingmoreaboutnationalaffairs.C．Developingtheawarenessofservingothers.D．Havingagoodcommandofaforeignlanguage.3、HowcanwegetintouchwithRaleighInternational?A．Byfax. B．Byphone.C．Byemail. D．Inperson.Text2Lucy，whoseskeleton（骨骼）wasdiscoveredinEthiopiain1974，diedshortlyaftershefelloutofatree，accordingtoanewstudypublishedMondayintheBritishjournalNature．Fortheirresearch，KappelmanandDr．RichardKetchamusedaCTscannertocreatemorethan35，000"slices"ofLucy'sskeleton．ScientistsnamedherLucyfromtheBeatlessong"LucyintheSkywithDiamonds"，whichwasplayedatthecampthenightofherdiscovery．Thefollowinganalysisoftheslicesshowedsharp，cleanbreaksseenattheendofLucy'srighthumerus（肱骨）aresimilartobonebreaksseeninvictimsoffalls．TheresearchersconcludedthattheseandotherbreaksinherskeletonshowthatLucy，whoisbelievedtohavestoodabout3feet6inchesandweighedabout60pounds，fellfeetfirstandusedherarmstosupportherself﹣butthattheinjurywastooseveretohavebeensurvivable．TheresearchersestimatethatLucywasgoingabout35milesanhourwhenshehitthegroundafterfallingfromaheightofroughly40feet，accordingtothestatement．Thatsoundsplausible．Butotherscientistsaredoubtful．"Therearecountlessexplanationsforbonebreaks，"Dr，DonaldC，Johanson，directoroftheInstituteofHumanOriginsandoneofthescientistswhodiscoveredLucy，said，"Thesuggestionthatshefelloutofatreeislargelyajust﹣sostoryandthereforeunprovable．"JohansonsaiditwasmorelikelythatLucy'sbreaksoccurredlongaftershedied，sayingthat"elephantbonesappeartohavethesamekindofbreaks，It'sunlikelytheyfelloutofatree．Butthenewresearchfocusedon"asmallnumberofbreaks"thatareconsistentwith"high﹣energybone﹣to﹣boneinfluences"andwhichdifferfromthesortsofbreakscommonlyseeninothercollectedbones．Kappelmanrespondedinanemail，"Theseappeartohaveoccurredatornearthetimeofdeath．"1、WhatcanweinferaboutLucyfromKappelmanandDr．RichardKetcham'sresearch？A．Shegothernamefromasong．B．Shehadmorethan35，000slices．C．Shecouldn'tuseherarmsproperly．D．Shemadeanefforttosaveherself．2、Whatdoestheunderlinedword"plausible"inParagraph6probablymean？A．Reasonable．B．Creative．C．Surprising．D．Unbelievable．3、WhichofthefollowingwouldJohansonprobablyagree？A．Elephantsareunlikelytodiefromfalling．B．Lucygotbreaksatornearthetimeofdeath．C．Otherreasonsforthebreaksshouldbeconsidered．D．Lucy'sbonebreaksdifferfromotherbonebreaks．4、Whatconclusioncanwedrawfromthepassage？A．Lucydidn'tdiefromfallingoutofatree．B．Thenewlypublishedstudywasmeaningless．C．TheargumentonhowLucydiedwillcontinue．D．Scientistswillfindanotherwaytosolvetheproblem．Text3EarlyorLaterDayCareManyyoungparentsareconfusedaboutwhethertheirchildrenshouldhaveearlydaycare,andtherehavealwaysbeendifferentviewsonthissubject.TheBritishpsychoanalystJohnBowlbybelievesthatseparationfromparentsduringthesensitive“attachment”periodfrombirthtothreemayscarachild’spersonalityandleadtopsychologicalproblemsinlaterlife.SomepeoplehavedrawntheconclusionfromBowlby’sworkthatchildrenshouldnotbesubjectedtodaycarebeforethreebecauseoftheparentalseparationitcauses,andmanypeopledobelievethis.AccordingtoBowlby,agreatdealofpsychologicalharmcanoccurwhenyoungchildrenareseparatedfromtheirparents.Iftheyareleftwithouttouchforawhile,theywillhaveahigherstresslevel.Parents’influenceontheirchildren’swell-beingmayneverbegreaterthanduringtheearliestyearsoflife,whenachild’sbrainisdevelopingrapidlyandwhennearlyallofherorhisexperiencesareshapedbyparentsandthefamilyenvironment.However,therearecritics.Someanthropologists(人類學(xué)家)pointoutthattheloveaffairbetweenchildrenandparentsfoundinmodernsocietiesdoesnotusuallyexistintraditionalsocieties.Therehasbeenalonghistoryofthefactthatfatherandmotherdidnotbringuptheirchildrenalone.Plato,around394B．C．,arguedthatasystemofearlychildcarewouldfreewomentoparticipateinsociety.ResultsfromIsraeliandDutchstudiesshowthatchild-raisingdutiesaremoreevenlydistributedamongabroadergroupofpeople.Besides,studieshavereportedthatearlydaycarehasaneutralorslightlypositiveeffectonchildren’sdevelopment.Theylearnthebenefitsofbeingsociallysmart,understandingtheconceptofsharingandcaring.Theypromoteconcentrationskills,whichisveryimportantintheirlearning.Therearegameswherechildrenaretaughtbasiclanguageandmathematicalskillsthroughstoriesandeverydayexamples.Commonsensetellsusthatearlydaycarewouldnotbesowidespreadifchildrenhadproblemswithit.ButBowlby’sanalysisraisesthepossibilitythatithasdelayedeffects.Thepossibilitythatsuchcaremightleadtomorementalillness15or20yearslatercanonlybeexploredbytheuseofstatistics.Whateverthelong-termeffects,parentssometimesfindtheimmediateeffectsdifficulttodealwith.Childrenunderthreedislikeleavingtheirparentsandshowunhappiness.Attheageofthreealmostallchildrenfinditeasytogotothenursery.Thematter,then,isfarfrombeingclearlyknown,thoughexperienceandavailableevidenceindicatethatearlydaycareisreasonableforyoungchildren.1、Thepassagemainlyargueswhether______.A．childrenoverthreewillacceptschooleducationB．childrenunderthreeshouldbesenttonurseryschoolsC．thefamilyrelationshipisdifferentintraditionalsocietiesD．earlydaycareshouldbetotallyreplacedinmodernsocieties2、WhichofthefollowingsupportsBowlby’stheory?A．Earlydaycarewouldn’tbesopopularifithadnegativeeffects.B．Separationfromparentsforyoungchildreniscommoninhistory.C．Parentsfindtheimmediateeffectsofearlydaycaredifficulttodealwith.D．Studiesshowearlydaycarehasapositiveeffectonchildren’sdevelopment.3、Theauthor’sattitudetowardsearlydaycareisthat______.A．childrenunderthreeshouldstaywiththeirparentsB．ithaspotentialbenefitsforbothchildrenandparentsC．thebadeffectofitonchildrenwilldisappearastheygrowupD．itiscontroversialandthesettlementcallsfortheuseofstatistics4、Whichofthefollowingshowsthedevelopmentofideasinthepassage?I:IntroductionP:PointSp:Sub-point(次要點(diǎn))C:ConclusionA． B．C． D．Text4Withthedevelopmentofoursociety,cellphoneshavebecomeacommonpartinourlives.Haveyoueverrunintoacarelesscellphoneuseronthestreet?Maybetheywerebusytalking,textingorcheckingupdatesonWeChatwithoutlookingatwhatwasgoingonaroundthem.Asthenumberofthisnew“species”ofhumanhaskeptrising,theyhavebeengivenanewname—phubbers(低頭族).RecentlyacartooncreatedbystudentsfromChinaCentralAcademyofFineArtsputthisgroupofpeopleunderthespotlight.Intheshortfilm,phubberswithvarioussocialidentitiesburythemselvesintheirphones.Adoctorplayswithhiscellphonewhilelettinghispatientdie,aprettywomantakesaselfie(自拍)infrontofacaraccidentsite,andafatherloseshischildwithoutknowingaboutitwhileusinghismobilephone.Achainofsimilareventsfinallyleadstothedestruction(毀滅)oftheworld.Althoughtheendingofthefilmsoundsunrealistic,thedamagephubbingcanbringisreal.Yourhealthisthefirsttobeartheeffectandresultofit.“Alwaysbendingyourheadtocheckyourcellphonecoulddamageyourneck,”GuangmingDailyquoteddoctors’words.“Theneckislikearopethatbreaksafterlong-termstretching.”Also,staringatcellphonesforalongtimewilldamageyoureyesightgradually,accordingtothereport.Butthat’snotall.Beingaphubbercouldalsodamageyoursocialskillsanddriveyouawayfromyourfriendsandfamily.Whengettingtogetherwithfamilyorfriends,manypeopleprefertoplaytheircellphoneswhileothersarechattinghappilywitheachotherandthiscreatesastrangeatmosphere,QiluEveningNewsreported.Itcanalsocostyourlife.Therehavebeenlotsofreportsonphubberswhofelltotheirdeath,sufferedaccidents,andwererobbedoftheircellphonesinbroaddaylight.1、WhydoestheauthorgivetheexampleofacartooninParagraph2?A．Tosuggestphubberswilldestroytheworld.B．Tocallforpeopletogowalkingwithoutphones.C．Totellpeopleofthebadeffectsofphubbing.D．Toadvisestudentstocreatemorecartoonslikethis.2、Accordingtothepassage,whatrisksmayaphubberhave?①Destructingtheworld②Affectinghissocialskills③Damaginghisneckandeyesight④GettingseparatedfromhisfriendsandfamilyA．①②④B．②③④C．①③④D．①②③④3、What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsphubbing?A．SupportiveB．ConfidentC．DisapprovingD．Unconcerned4、Whatwillbetalkedaboutinthefollowingparagraph?A．Waystoavoidtherisksofphubbing.B．Badeffectsofphubbing.C．Dailylifeofphubbers.D．Methodsofphubbing.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)MovingtoanewschoolhadbeentoughforJanie,butthingswerefinallyturningaroundShewasmaking1．(friend)andsheevenreceivedan2．(invite)toAngie'spoolpartyTherewasoneproblem:Janiedidn'tknowhowtoswimJaniefeltlike3．(admit)thismightriskhernewfriendshipsSoshedecidedtogotothepartyandpretendedthatsheknewhowtoswimThefirsthourofthepartywentby4．(smooth)Janiefloatedonalargeraft(皮筏)andtalkedwith5．othergirlsThenthegirlsstarteddoingdivesBridgetdidajackknifeAngiedidacan-openerNowalleyeswerefixed6．JanieBridgetstartedteasingher,“Let’ssee7．youcando,BrainyJanie!”Janiedidn’tknowhowtorespondThenAngieeggedheron,“Comeon,Janie”Janiefeltthatthisheavypressure8．(build),soshepaddledtotheedgeofthepoolandclimbedoutHowhardcoulditbe?JaniethoughtAngieandtheothergirlswereeager9．(see)whatkindofwildjumpJaniewouldattemptLittle10．theyknowhowwildthingsweregoingtogetDirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgranunaticallycorrectFortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblankDifferentbackgroundshouldn’tmeanlesseducationFiftyyearsago,inaprimaryschoolclassroom,twoboysaged11tookanexaminationcalledthe11-plus,1．wouldmakedecisionsabouttherestoftheirlivesPaulpassedandwenttoa“grammarschool”Bazfailedtheexaminationandwenttoa“secondarymodernschool”TheydidnotseeeachotheragainforyearsManygrammarschools2．(establish)hundredsofyearsagototeachtheLatinlanguagetochildrenwhowerenotfromrichfamiliesTheyencouragedstudentstostudy3．theywere18andthentogotouniversitySecondarymodernschoolstudentsleftat16,usuallywithfewerqualificationsthangrammarschoolstudentsBazsaysthesecondarymodemschoolhad4．(few)resourcesandthequalityofteachingwasnotasgoodThingshavechangedInthe1960sandthe1970s“comprehensiveschools”werecreatedToday,90percentchildrenaged11to16fromthesameareatothesameschoolwithout5．(take)anyentryexaminationTheBritishoftendisagreesaboutthebestway6．(educate)theirchildrenManypeoplesaythatcomprehensiveschoolshelpmorechildrentosucceedbecausetheyprovideeverybody7．similaropportunitiesinafairerwayAnotherview,though,isthatmoreintelligentchildren,especially8．frompoorhomesarebettersupportedatgrammarschoolsNow,thegovernmentplanstoopennewgrammarschools9．a(chǎn)lmosttwomillionchildrenwillgotothesametypeofschoolthatPaulattendedAndPaulandBaz?Aged60,theymetagainandcompared10．hadhappenedtothemAfteruniversity,PaulqualifiedasateacherBazwenttoworkinafactoryat16andlaterbecameanengineerInfact,BazhadamuchhighersalarythanPaul--soperhapslifeisfairafterallSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Choosingamajorisaveryimportantthinginourlife.However,atextremelychallenging.Soit'snecessarytolearnsomesimpletipsthatmucheasier.1、.Andhowdoesthatchoiceaffectyourfuturecareer?Wecanhelpguideyouinchoosingamajor.Yourmajorisyourprimaryfieldofstudyinyourundergraduate(大學(xué)的）program.Itisthesubjectinwhichyouearnyourbachelor’sdegree.Aftercompletingalistofgeneraleducationcourses,youspendtherestofthetimestudyingonesubjectofyourchoice.2、.Formanystudents,it'sbesttotryoutdifferentclassestofigureoutamajoryou’lllike，butyouneedtohaveacoupleofsolidchoices.3、,youshouldbegintakingcoursesyouarerequiredtocompletebeforegraduation,soitwilldecreaseyourchancesofneedingtoswitchmajorslaterbecauseyoualreadyknowwhattoexpect.4、,youshouldbeginthinkingabouthowyourfieldwillleadtoajobassoonaspossible.Considerclubs,researchprogramsandpart-timejobsrelatedtopotentialcareerchoicesforyourmajor.Formorecareer-specificmajorslikenursingandengineering,themajorityofyourstudieswillincludeskillsthatcanbeusedinafuturejob.5、.Thesooneryoubeginworkinginalab,onresearchprojectsorhelpingasateachingassistantforaprofessor,thebetteryou'llbeabletofigureoutyourcareer.A．YouhavetothinkofwaystochooseamajorB．BesurethatyouchooseamajorthatsuitsyourinterestsC．OnceyouhaveabetterideaofwhichmajoryoulikebestD．WhileyourmajormayormaynotleaddirectlytoacareerE.DosomeresearchtofindoutwhichmajorscanhelpyougetthatjobF.Roughlyone-thirdtoone-halfofyourcourseswillberelatedtoyourmajorG.However,youshouldstillconsiderdoingactivitiesoutsideoftheclassroomtobetterprepareyouThe"bestyearsofyourlife"?Maybenot.1、1.Learntoappreciatesmal